The invention belongs to the technical field of power distribution cabinets, and particularly relates to a dustproof cooling power distribution cabinet which comprises a cabinet body, a ventilation component and a connecting frame. According to the invention, air outside the cabinet body is sucked into the cabinet body through the ventilation component, then the air in the cabinet body flows out of the cabinet body, heat generated by electric appliance assemblies and cables is brought out of the cabinet body, and when the exhaust speed of a first air outlet cannot meet the cooling requirement, a controller controls a first motor to rotate, two connecting frames are driven to swing, and meanwhile, the connecting frames push side doors to rotate, so that air in the cabinet body is discharged outwards from the lower ends of the connecting frames, the air circulation speed is increased, the cooling speed is increased, faults of the electric appliance assemblies and wires caused by too high temperature are avoided, and the probability of faults of the electric appliance assemblies and the wires is reduced; and a first filter screen and a second filter screen prevent dust from entering the cabinet body, so that the dust is prevented from aggravating corrosion of electric appliance assemblies and the wires, and the service life of the electric appliance assemblies and the wires is prolonged.