The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment devices, in particular to an urban underground pipeline wastewater treatment device, which comprises connecting pipes, a well barrel, a driving structure, a seal structure, an anti-blocking structure, a storage structure, a filtering structure and a drainage hole. The storage structure is arranged in the well barrel, and is convenient for storage of film scraps filtered by the filtering structure, the storage structure and the well barrel are slidably connected, so that the storage structure can be lifted by lifting equipment during cleaning of film scraps, and the storage structure and the well barrel can achieve sliding, the storage structure can slide out of the well barrel, and garbage cleaning in the storage structure can be moreconvenient and efficient. The driving structure is disposed in the well barrel, and is communicated with the storage structure through the drainage hole, sewage enters the driving structure and transforms the potential energy of water flow into the kinetic energy of the driving structure, so that the driving structure can drive the seal structure to prevent blocking and drive the filtering structure to fish plastic films out of the sewage, therefore, the filtering performance can be better, and meanwhile the pressure on the connecting pipes is reduced.