A kind of polyurethane and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a polyurethane coating capable of synergistically resisting marine biofouling based on zwitterions and hydrophilic and hydrophobic microzones, wherein zwitterions and ahydrophilic and hydrophobic heterostructure chain segment are introduced into the main chain to synergistically act so as to achieve the excellent antifouling performance. The preparation method of the polyurethane comprises: forming a prepolymer from diisocyanate, a hydrophilic and hydrophobic dihydroxy compound and hydroxyl modified zwitterions, adding a small molecular weight diol or diamine, carrying out chain extension, adding trimethylolpropane as a cross-linking agent, and further carrying out a reaction to form a polyurethane material containing zwitterions and hydrophilic and hydrophobic microzones. According to the present invention, the novel polyurethane coating with excellent antifouling performance is successfully prepared by controlling the water resistance, the mechanical strength, the adhesion strength and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic microzone structure of the coating, such that the method has great value in the development of polyurethane marine antifouling coatings.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine antifouling, and in particular relates to a synergistic antifouling polyurethane based on zwitterions and hydrophilic-hydrophobic micro-regions and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Due to its excellent biocompatibility and good mechanical properties, polyurethane has a wide range of applications in biomedical devices, marine antifouling coatings and other fields. In recent years, polyurethane coatings have had significant applications and challenges in marine engineering. Marine biofouling refers to the phenomenon of adhesion and accumulation of many organisms in the ocean on the surface of the hull and marine equipment and the serious harm it brings, such as increasing the weight of the hull, increasing the surface roughness, and increasing fuel consumption; It will also accelerate the corrosion and aging of the hull surface and other marine equipment; in addi...

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Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent CN 105732953 A reports a water-based polyurethane that is resistant to protein and microbial adsorption, but its preparation process is cumbersome, requiring step-by-step preparation and involving complicated purification and emulsification processes. In addition, the polyurethane only proposes application value for the biomedical field. No research on marine antifouling

However, the hydrophilic polyurethane coating based on the introduction of polyethylene glycol and zwitterions has poor water resistance and high swelling rate, which greatly limits its application environment, and its further development in the field of marine antifouling remains to be studied. In addition, based on Quaternary ammonium salts or polyurethane coatings loaded with antifouling agents to poison and kill microorganisms have significant antifouling effects but are very harmful. This urgently requires us to design and develop new environmentally friendly and highly efficient antifouling polyurethane coatings

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