Chemical eluent for plutonium-contaminated soil and decontamination treatment method for plutonium-contaminated soil

A technology of polluted soil and chemical leaching, applied in the direction of chemical instruments and methods, restoration of polluted soil, soil conditioning materials, etc., can solve the problem of reducing the dissolution of soil matrix mineral components, large loss of contaminated soil quality, and high content of coexisting cations, etc. problems, to achieve the effect of small loss of contaminated soil quality, low content of coexisting cations, and high decontamination efficiency

Active Publication Date: 2021-11-05
63653 FORCES PLA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of large quality loss of contaminated soil caused by traditional inorganic acid leaching and decontamination, high content of coexisting cations in leaching waste liquid, and large amount of secondary waste after waste liquid treatment, and provide a chemical leaching method for plutonium-contaminated soil. Washing agent and plutonium-contaminated soil decontamination treatment method, while realizing high-efficiency separation of plutonium in contaminated soil, reduces the dissolution of soil matrix mineral components

Method used

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  • Chemical eluent for plutonium-contaminated soil and decontamination treatment method for plutonium-contaminated soil
  • Chemical eluent for plutonium-contaminated soil and decontamination treatment method for plutonium-contaminated soil
  • Chemical eluent for plutonium-contaminated soil and decontamination treatment method for plutonium-contaminated soil

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] Plutonium contaminated soil chemical eluent in this embodiment, [Bmim] HSO 4 , 30% hydrogen peroxide and water are respectively 35%, 10%, 55%.

[0034] Take plutonium-contaminated soil, remove stones and sundries larger than 2cm, and crush the soil to 160 mesh with a ball mill; weigh 5g of the treated soil, add 75mL of prepared eluent, and stir under heating at 50°C Rinse for 24 hours, continue to add 75mL of eluent to the residue after solid-liquid separation, and repeat the leaching once under the same conditions; (LSC) to analyze plutonium-239 activity, then add 75mL of pure water to the residue, stir and rinse at room temperature for 30min, continue to add 75mL of pure water to the residue after rinsing again after solid-liquid separation; rinse the collected supernatant twice The plutonium-239 activity of the solution was analyzed by LSC, and the finally washed residue was transferred to an oven at 105°C to dry and weighed. After high-temperature digestion and ful...

Embodiment 2

[0036] Plutonium contaminated soil chemical eluent in this embodiment, [Bmim] HSO 4 , 30% hydrogen peroxide and water are respectively 60%, 25%, and 15%.

[0037]Take plutonium-contaminated soil, remove stones and sundries larger than 2cm, and crush the soil to 100 mesh with a ball mill; weigh 5g of the treated soil, add 100mL of the prepared eluent, and stir under heating at 60°C Rinse for 48 hours, after solid-liquid separation, continue to add 100mL eluent to the residue, rinse under the same conditions, and repeat the operation twice; the supernatants collected from the three rinsing were analyzed by LSC for plutonium-239 activity, and then sent to Add 100mL of pure water to the residue, stir and rinse at room temperature for 20min; use LSC to analyze the plutonium-239 activity of the supernatant collected by rinsing, and transfer the finally washed residue to an oven at 105°C to dry and weigh it, and then digest it at high temperature. After melting, the plutonium-239 ac...

Embodiment 3

[0039] Plutonium contaminated soil chemical eluent in this embodiment, [Bmim] HSO 4 The mass percent compositions of water and water are respectively 5%, 95%.

[0040] Take plutonium-contaminated soil, remove stones and sundries with a particle size of more than 2cm, and crush the soil to 200 mesh with a ball mill; weigh 5g of the treated soil, add 25mL of prepared eluent, and heat at 90°C Stir and rinse for 12 hours, collect the supernatant after solid-liquid separation and analyze the plutonium-239 activity by LSC, then add 25 mL of pure water to the residue, stir and rinse at room temperature for 40 minutes, continue to add 25 mL of pure water to the residue after solid-liquid separation Water, rinsed under the same conditions, and repeated the operation twice; the supernatants collected from the three rinses were analyzed by LSC for plutonium-239 activity, and the residue after the final washing was transferred to an oven at 105°C to dry and weighed, and then digested at h...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a chemical washing agent for plutonium-contaminated soil and a decontamination treatment method for plutonium-contaminated soil. The chemical eluent of plutonium-contaminated soil is mainly composed of 1‑butyl‑3 methylimidazolium bisulfate ([Bmim]HSO 4 ), hydrogen peroxide and water via [Bmim]HSO 4 ionizes H in aqueous solution + , to provide an acidic leaching environment, with the help of the oxidation-reduction effect of hydrogen peroxide, to destroy reducing substances such as organic matter in the soil, and to promote the extraction of organically bound plutonium. The decontamination treatment method of plutonium-contaminated soil is as follows: remove stones and sundries larger than 2cm from plutonium-contaminated soil, crush them, then rinse with plutonium-contaminated soil chemical eluent, rinse after leaching, and complete plutonium-contaminated soil after solid-liquid separation decontamination treatment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of decontamination / restoration of radioactively contaminated soil, in particular to a chemical eluent for plutonium-contaminated soil and a decontamination treatment method for plutonium-contaminated soil. Background technique [0002] Plutonium is one of the soil radioactive contamination elements that are difficult to remove, and exists in the soil in various forms such as discrete, mixed, adsorbed, deposited, condensed, and sintered. Plutonium isotopes are not only extremely toxic, but also have a long half-life (such as plutonium-239, T 1 / 2 =2.41×10 4 a; Plutonium-240, T 1 / 2 = 6560a; plutonium-242, T 1 / 2 =3.87×10 6 a) After entering the soil, complex reactions such as adsorption, ion exchange, complexation, oxidation-reduction and other complex reactions occur with its components and are closely combined, which poses a threat to the ecological environment and human health. [0003] Cleaning up pluto...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C09K17/40B09C1/08
CPCB09C1/08C09K17/40
Inventor 沈忠徐辉马特奇张春占佳梁威张林
Owner 63653 FORCES PLA
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