Device and method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of coal tar processing, and specifically to a device and method for processing heavy coal tar in coal gas. The processing device of the present invention comprises a furnace body, and also comprises a coal tar stabilizing component, a graded cooling component and a scrubber which are arranged in sequence. The coal tar stabilizing component is provided with a carbonization adsorption zone and a regeneration zone, and a fluidized bed formed by solid particles is provided in the regeneration zone. The present invention directly sends the hot coal gas output by the gasifier into the coal tar stabilizing component for reaction, and the heavy coal tar part contained in the coal gas is reformed with organic molecules, which effectively solves the problem of difficult coal gas cooling operation caused by high-viscosity organic matter in the coal tar; the processing method of the present invention narrows the fraction temperature of the coal tar in the coal gas through carbonization adsorption, and adopts graded cooling treatment to condense the components with higher fractions in advance and separate them from the gas. The process is simple, the application range is wide, and it has good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal tar processing, and in particular to a device and method for processing heavy coal tar in coal gas. Background Art

[0002] Fixed bed (also called moving bed) gasifier is the oldest coal gasification equipment. It has the characteristics of mature technology, reliable equipment, flexible production operation, and high thermal efficiency of coal conversion process. However, when using a fixed bed gasifier, the coal gas leaving the top of the fixed bed gasifier contains coal tar produced by coal distillation. The temperature range of coal tar fraction is very wide, and some heavy coal tar at high fractions has high viscosity. When combined with dust entrained in the coal gas, it forms a viscous substance that is difficult to handle.

[0003] The current pressurized fixed bed gasifier uses a gas scrubber (as a part of the gasifier) ​​at the gas outlet of the gasifier furnace top, and separates most of the dust and coal tar in the gas from the gas through water washing. In this way, a large amount of gas water containing a large amount of oil and various organic substances is generated. After preliminary separation, light oil, phenolic water and heavy tar can be obtained. Emulsification and dissolution of various organic substances in water makes water treatment very difficult. The heavy tar part is difficult to discharge from the pressurized system due to its poor quality, especially after mixing with coal dust. At the same time, this part of heavy oil is often treated as hazardous waste after leaving the gasifier, which increases the storage and transportation costs. In addition, when other coal conversion treatment equipment is used, such as pyrolysis furnace or coal conversion furnace, the gas discharged after treatment also contains high-viscosity substances that are difficult to treat.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new processing device to better solve the problem of coal tar processing difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device and method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas. The treatment device of the present invention has a simple and reasonable structural design and good treatment effect; the treatment method of the present invention has a simple process, easy operation, environmental protection and economy.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A device for processing heavy coal tar in coal gas comprises a furnace body, and also comprises a coal tar stabilizing component, a graded cooling component and a scrubber which are arranged in sequence, the coal tar stabilizing component being connected to the furnace body and the graded cooling component respectively, the scrubber being connected to the graded cooling component, the coal tar stabilizing component being provided with a carbonization adsorption zone and a regeneration zone, the regeneration zone being provided with a fluidized bed formed by solid particles, the solid particles circulate in the carbonization adsorption zone and the regeneration zone, and a filter being provided between the coal tar stabilizing component and the graded cooling component, or between the graded cooling component and the scrubber.

[0008] Furthermore, a hot gas generator is provided between the coal tar stabilizing component and the furnace body.

[0009] Furthermore, when the filter is arranged between the coal tar stabilization component and the graded cooling component, it is set as a high-temperature dust collector, and a temperature adjustment component is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature dust collector; when the filter is arranged between the graded cooling component and the scrubber, it is set as a bag dust collector.

[0010] Furthermore, a heat exchanger is provided in the lower bed layer of the fluidized bed.

[0011] Furthermore, the solid particles are catalyst particles and / or coke particles with a particle size of 50 to 2000 microns.

[0012] Furthermore, the regeneration zone of the coal tar stabilization component is connected to an oxygen delivery component and a water vapor delivery component, a gas online monitor is provided in the regeneration zone, a solid seal is provided at the bottom of the regeneration zone, and a gas-solid separator is provided at the top of the carbonization adsorption zone of the coal tar stabilization component.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas-solid separator is a cyclone dust collector or an inertial dust collector.

[0014] The method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas using the above device comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: The coal gas output from the gasifier is sent to the coal tar stabilization component, and the solid particles circulate in the carbonization adsorption zone and the regeneration zone. The coal gas contacts and reacts with the hot solid particles from the bottom of the regeneration zone in the carbonization adsorption zone, and the adsorbed macromolecular tar components undergo cracking and polymerization reactions to generate smaller molecular tar and larger molecular coke. The solid particles that have reacted in the carbonization adsorption zone enter the regeneration zone from the top of the carbonization adsorption zone to react. After the solid particles react in the regeneration zone, they enter the carbonization adsorption zone from the bottom of the regeneration zone to react;

[0016] S2: adjusting the temperature of the coal gas treated by the coal tar stabilization component, removing dust at high temperature, and then cooling it in stages; or cooling the coal gas treated by the coal tar stabilization component in stages, and then filtering and removing dust from the condensate;

[0017] S3: The coal gas treated by S2 is sent to a scrubber for treatment, and the condensate treated by S2 can be recycled.

[0018] Furthermore, in S1, the coal gas output from the gasifier needs to be heated to 450-700°C by a hot gas generator, and then introduced into the carbonization adsorption zone.

[0019] Furthermore, in S1, during the reaction process, the solids from the top of the carbonization adsorption zone enter the regeneration zone. During the reaction process in the regeneration zone, it is necessary to introduce oxygen and water vapor into the middle of the fluidized bed in the regeneration zone, and introduce water vapor into the lower part of the fluidized bed. The gas at the gas outlet of the regeneration zone is tracked online, and the O2, CO and H2 content are analyzed. The regeneration gas that does not contain oxygen is combined with the coal gas.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The processing device of the present invention comprises a furnace body, and also comprises a coal tar stabilizing component, a graded cooling component and a scrubber which are arranged in sequence. The coal tar stabilizing component is communicated with the furnace body and the graded cooling component respectively, and the scrubber is communicated with the graded cooling component. The coal tar stabilizing component is provided with a carbonization adsorption zone and a regeneration zone, and a fluidized bed formed by solid particles is provided in the regeneration zone. The solid particles circulate in the carbonization adsorption zone and the regeneration zone. A filter is provided between the coal tar stabilizing component and the graded cooling component, or between the graded cooling component and the scrubber. The structural design of the present invention is simple and reasonable. The present invention directly sends the hot coal gas output from the furnace body into the coal tar stabilizing component for reaction, and the heavy part of the coal tar contained in the coal gas undergoes organic molecular reforming, a part of the organic molecules are cracked into light tar or gas with smaller molecules, and the other part is polymerized to form larger molecules, and solidified to form coke. In this way, the yield of light oil is increased, and the generation of high-viscosity heavy tar is avoided, and the problem of difficult coal gas cooling operation caused by high-viscosity organic matter in coal tar is effectively solved.

[0022] 2. The treatment method of the present invention narrows the fraction temperature of coal tar in coal gas through carbonization adsorption, and adopts graded cooling treatment to condense the components with higher fractions first and separate them from the gas, and sends the organic matter and water with medium and low temperature fractions to subsequent processing. Since the condensation process basically does not form high-viscosity liquid, conventional heat exchangers can be used for cooling coal gas and condensing organic matter. Water vapor contained in coal gas will also condense during the coal gas cooling process to form an oil-water mixture, and high-value oil products can be obtained through subsequent processing. The amount of condensed water is greatly reduced compared with the amount of wastewater generated in the traditional coal gas water washing process, making water treatment easier. The process is simple, the application range is wide, and it has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coal tar quality stabilization component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coal tar quality stabilization component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coal tar quality stabilization component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Another structural schematic diagram of the coal tar quality stabilizing component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is another structural schematic diagram of the coal tar quality stabilizing component of the present invention;

[0030] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. furnace body, 2. coal tar stabilization component, 21. carbonization adsorption zone, 22. regeneration zone, 221. fluidized bed, 222. heat exchanger, 23. oxygen transport component, 24. water vapor transport component, 25. solid material, 26. gas-solid separator, 3. graded cooling component, 4. scrubber, 5. hot gas generator, 6. high-temperature dust collector, 61. temperature adjustment component, 7. bag filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the heavy coal tar processing device in the coal gas in this embodiment includes a furnace body 1, and also includes a coal tar stabilizing component 2, a graded cooling component 3 and a scrubber 4 which are arranged in sequence, the coal tar stabilizing component 2 is communicated with the furnace body 1 and the graded cooling component 3 respectively, the scrubber 4 is communicated with the graded cooling component 3, the coal tar stabilizing component 2 is provided with a carbonization adsorption zone 21 and a regeneration zone 22, the regeneration zone 22 is provided with a fluidized bed 221 formed by solid particles, the solid particles circulate in the carbonization adsorption zone 21 and the regeneration zone 22, the solid particles are coal slag particles and / or coke particles with a particle size of 50 to 2000 microns Particles, a filter is provided between the coal tar stabilizing component 2 and the graded cooling component 3, specifically, the filter is set as a high-temperature dust collector 6, and a temperature regulating component 61 is set at the front end of the high-temperature dust collector 6. The structural design of this embodiment is simple and reasonable. After the coal gas undergoes carbonization and adsorption reaction in the coal tar stabilizing component 2, the hot coal gas leaving the coal tar stabilizing component 2 enters the high-temperature dust collector 6 after the temperature is adjusted by the temperature regulating component 6, and the dust is separated from the coal gas. After that, the coal gas enters the graded cooling component 3 for cooling, and the organic matter and water vapor in the coal gas are condensed to form an oil-water mixture. After subsequent processing, a high-value oil product is obtained, which is easy to use.

[0033] Among them, if the temperature of the coal gas output by the furnace body 1 is low, a hot gas generator 5 can be set between the coal tar stabilizing component 2 and the furnace body 1 to heat the coal gas. Specifically, a small amount of coal gas or coal powder is burned with oxygen, and the high-temperature flue gas obtained by combustion is directly mixed with the coal gas at the outlet of the furnace body 1. After the coal gas temperature is raised to a preset temperature, the coal gas is introduced into the carbonization adsorption zone 21 for reaction. During use, if the heat generated by the regeneration zone 22 is sufficient to raise the coal gas temperature to the required temperature, there is no need to set the flue gas generator 5.

[0034] See also Figure 2 On the basis of the above embodiment, the filter in this embodiment is set as a bag dust collector 7 between the graded cooling component 3 and the scrubber 4. The hot coal gas leaving the coal tar stabilization component 2 is graded and cooled without dust removal. The cooling process obtains dusty oil and water condensates respectively. When cooled to below 200°, the bag dust collector 7 can be used for dust removal. At this time, coal dust will be mixed in the condensate. The condensate can be filtered to obtain oil and water condensate.

[0035] Furthermore, the regeneration zone of the coal tar stabilization component 2 is connected to an oxygen delivery component 23 and a water vapor delivery component 24, a gas online monitor is provided in the regeneration zone 22, and a solid sealing material 25 is provided at the bottom of the regeneration zone 22, and a gas-solid separator 26 is provided at the top of the carbonization adsorption zone 21 of the coal tar stabilization component 2, and the gas-solid separator 26 is a cyclone dust collector or an inertial dust collector. In this embodiment, the gas content in the reaction process is monitored by the gas online detector, and the gas content in the reaction process is monitored by the oxygen delivery component 23 and the water vapor delivery component 24 according to the reaction requirements. The delivery component 24 is used to introduce oxygen and water vapor into the corresponding area of ​​the fluidized bed 221 to oxidize or gasify the heavy tar. In addition, a heat exchanger 222 is provided in the lower bed layer of the fluidized bed 221. In order to avoid the heat generated during the regeneration process, when the gas contacts the outlet gas of the furnace body 1, the gas temperature is significantly increased and exceeds the preset temperature range value. A heat exchanger 222 can be provided in the bed layer of the fluidized bed 221 in the lower part of the regeneration zone 22 to remove excess heat from the solid particles in time. The gas temperature can also be adjusted by adjusting the oxygen flow entering the regeneration zone 22.

[0036] See also Figure 3 The coal tar stabilizing component 2 in the above embodiment is divided into a carbonization adsorption zone 21 and a regeneration zone 22. According to the needs, if the temperature of the coal gas from the furnace body 1 is low, the coal gas from the furnace body 1 is first mixed with the heated flue gas to increase the temperature of the coal gas to a preset range. The heated flue gas can be obtained by burning coal gas or coal powder with oxygen. The flue gas generation process adopts oxygen-deficient combustion to ensure that there is no residual oxygen in the flue gas. If the temperature of the coal gas at the outlet of the furnace body 1 is high, no temperature adjustment is required, and the coal gas directly enters the carbonization adsorption zone 21. The coal gas mixes with the hot solid particles from the regeneration zone 22 at the bottom of the carbonization adsorption zone 21. The solid particles come into contact with the coal gas, and the air flow lifts the solid particles upward. During the upward process, the liquid mist-like organic matter and other larger gas molecules in the coal gas are dispersed into the outer surface and inner pore surface of the porous particles. At an appropriate temperature, the cracking and polymerization reactions of the large molecules proceed simultaneously. The cracking forms a fraction with a lower temperature, and the polymerization forms solid coke. Some organic matter that has not been fully cracked and polymerized remains in the pores of the particles and enters the regeneration zone 22. After the carbonization adsorption is completed, the solid particles are separated from the coal gas through the gas-solid separator 26, the gas enters the downstream cooling treatment, and the solid particles enter the regeneration zone.

[0037] In the regeneration zone 22, the solid particles form a mobile fluidized bed 221. A small amount of oxygen is introduced into the middle of the bed to oxidize or further carbonize the coke in the pores of the solid particles or the heavy coal tar adhering to the inner and outer surfaces of the solid particles. Water vapor is introduced into the middle of the bed, and part of the heavy tar and coke react with the water vapor to gasify to generate CO and H2. The CO2, CO, H2 and other gases generated by the oxidation and gasification reactions flow upward to the top of the regeneration zone and are led out of the regeneration zone 22. The solid particles that have undergone oxidation and gasification reactions continue to move downward. At the bottom of the regeneration zone 22, an appropriate amount of water vapor is introduced again (the water vapor entering the regeneration zone should be superheated steam with a higher temperature as much as possible) to purge the gas in the solid to prevent oxygen-containing gas from moving downward with the solid. At the bottom of the regeneration zone 22, the solid particles are controlled by gas fluidization and circulated to the lower part of the coal tar stabilization component 2, and are entrained by the coal gas from the furnace body 1 into the carbonization adsorption zone 21.

[0038] Among them, the amount of oxygen added is linearly related to the coke generated by the carbonization of coal tar and the amount of heavy tar adhering to the solid surface. After the oxygen is added, it is completely consumed by the heavy tar in the fluidized bed of the regeneration zone. The oxygen supply is controlled to be slightly insufficient, so even if some coke or adhering heavy tar are not completely oxidized or gasified and enter the regeneration zone 22 again, it will not significantly affect the quality stabilization effect. The outlet gas of the regeneration zone 22 is tracked online, and the O2, CO and H2 contents are analyzed to provide main parameters for operation and operation, and the regeneration gas without oxygen is merged with the coal gas.

[0039] The heat generated by the above-mentioned oxidation regeneration process increases the temperature of the circulating solid. When it contacts the coal gas at the outlet of the furnace body 1, the coal gas temperature is increased and then enters the carbonization adsorption zone 21. In order to avoid the heat generated by the regeneration process from significantly increasing the coal gas temperature, a heat exchanger 222 is set in the lower bed layer of the regeneration zone 22 to remove excess heat from the solid particles in time. The coal gas temperature can also be adjusted by adjusting the oxygen flow entering the regeneration zone 22. The solid particles can be inert porous balls, or catalyst particles, or crushed coal slag particles, or small coke particles. Particles with high porosity are more conducive to adsorption. The solid particle size is between 50 and 2000 microns. Particles with a particle size range of 100 to 300 microns are selected to achieve better stabilization effect. The working temperature range for stabilization is set between 400 and 750°C, and the temperature range of 550 to 650°C is better. The pressure of the furnace body 1 is set to 0.1 to 10 MPa.

[0040] At the bottom of the regeneration zone 22, before the solid enters the coal tar stabilization component 2, a solid material seal 25 is set, and water vapor is blown into the solid material seal 25, which prevents the oxygen in the regeneration zone 22 from being brought into the coal gas flow along with the solid particles.

[0041] In the regeneration zone 22, the low calorific value regeneration gas generated by the oxidation reaction and the gasification reaction has its oxygen concentration tracked online. When the oxygen concentration is within a safe range, such as less than 1%, the gas generated by the regeneration is combined with the mainstream coal gas leaving the carbonization adsorption zone 21 as part of the coal gas.

[0042] When the heat generated by regeneration is too large and the temperature of the solid particles is too high, a heat exchanger is set to remove part of the heat to ensure that the temperature of the solid particles after mixing with the coal gas is moderate.

[0043] See also Figure 4 In this embodiment, after the coal gas is mixed with the hot flue gas and heated up, it merges with the solid particles from the regeneration zone 22, and the gas entrains the solid particles and rises in a fast fluidized bed, while the coal tar carbonization adsorption reaction is carried out. After reaching the top, the gas-solid separator 26 performs gas-solid separation, and the coal gas leaves and goes to the downstream for treatment. The solid particles enter the fluidized bed 221 through the solid material seal 25 and the fluidizing gas control. The organic matter and coke adsorbed in the solid particles are oxidized by the oxygen introduced and become more stable. The solid particles continue to move downward in the form of a moving bed at the bottom of the fluidized bed 221. After being purged with water vapor, the solid is mixed with the coal gas again and the reaction is cyclically carried out.

[0044] See also Figure 5 In this embodiment, a fast fluidized bed 221 is arranged in the middle, and the coal gas in the fast fluidized bed 221 contacts the circulating solid particles to carry out the carbonization adsorption zone 21 reaction, and the regeneration zone 22 is an annular area arranged around the fast fluidized bed 221.

[0045] See also Figure 6 The coal tar carbon adsorption reaction zone 21 is in the form of a low-speed fluidized bed 221, the carbonization adsorption zone 21 and the regeneration zone 22 are separated in the middle, and the bottom and the top are connected.

[0046] See also Figure 7 The coal tar carbonization adsorption zone 21 and the regeneration zone 22 are set in a container, wherein the oxidation regeneration zone 22 is arranged at the lower part, and the solid particles in the upper carbonization adsorption zone 21 are fully mixed with the coal gas, and the solid particles in the regeneration zone 22 are also fully mixed with the coal gas. The solid particles in these two intervals can also maintain continuous solid exchange, so that the carbonization process and the regeneration process continue, and the gas generated by the regeneration is merged into a part of the coal gas.

[0047] It should be noted here that Figure 4 to Figure 7 As shown in the figure, there are several different configurations of the coal tar stabilization component 2, and the reaction principle is Figure 3 Same as shown.

[0048] The furnace body in the present invention can be a fixed bed gasification furnace, a coal or biomass pyrolysis furnace. When the furnace body is a coal or biomass pyrolysis furnace, or other devices for treating coal gas, the coal gas containing heavy coal tar produced in the pyrolysis process can adopt the treatment device and treatment method of the present invention to carry out online heavy tar treatment, and obtain medium and low temperature fractions of oil products and solid coke through cracking and polymerization reactions, thereby removing high-viscosity substances produced in the coal gas cooling process. Afterwards, the coal gas is graded and cooled to obtain oil products and organic matter of different fractions.

[0049] Based on the same inventive concept, this specification provides a method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas using the above-mentioned treatment device, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1: A hot gas generator is used to obtain heated flue gas by burning coal gas or coal powder with oxygen. The coal gas output from the furnace body 1 is first mixed with the heated flue gas to raise the coal gas temperature to 450-700°C, and then the coal gas is introduced into the carbonization adsorption zone 21 of the coal tar stabilization component 2. The coal gas contacts the hot solid particles from the regeneration zone 22 at the bottom of the carbonization adsorption zone 21, and the adsorbed macromolecular tar components undergo cracking and polymerization reactions to generate smaller molecular tar and larger molecular coke. The solid particles reacted in the carbonization adsorption zone 21 enter the regeneration zone 22 from the top of the carbonization adsorption zone 21 to react. During the reaction in the regeneration zone 22, oxygen and water vapor are introduced into the middle of the fluidized bed of the regeneration zone 22, and water vapor is introduced into the lower part of the fluidized bed according to the reaction conditions. The gas at the gas outlet of the regeneration zone 22 is tracked online to analyze the contents of O2, CO and H2. The regeneration gas without oxygen is combined with the coal gas. After the solid particles react in the regeneration zone, they enter the carbonization adsorption zone from the bottom of the regeneration zone to react, and the cycle continues.

[0051] S2: adjusting the temperature of the coal gas treated by the coal tar stabilization component 2, removing dust at high temperature, and then cooling it in stages; or cooling the coal gas treated by the coal tar stabilization component 2 in stages, and then filtering and removing dust from the condensate;

[0052] S3: The coal gas treated in S2 is sent to the scrubber for treatment, and the oil products and organic matter of different fractions obtained by graded cooling in S2 can be recovered for utilization.

[0053] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas, comprising a furnace body, characterized in that: It also includes a coal tar stabilization component, a graded cooling component and a scrubber which are arranged in sequence, wherein the coal tar stabilization component is communicated with the furnace body and the graded cooling component respectively, the scrubber is communicated with the graded cooling component, the coal tar stabilization component is provided with a carbonization adsorption zone and a regeneration zone, the regeneration zone is provided with a fluidized bed formed by solid particles, the solid particles circulate in the carbonization adsorption zone and the regeneration zone, and a filter is provided between the coal tar stabilization component and the graded cooling component, or between the graded cooling component and the scrubber; Wherein, a hot gas generator is provided between the coal tar stabilizing component and the furnace body; The regeneration zone of the coal tar stabilization component is connected to an oxygen delivery component and a water vapor delivery component, and a gas online monitor is provided in the regeneration zone.

2. The device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the filter is arranged between the coal tar stabilization component and the graded cooling component, it is set as a high-temperature dust collector, and a temperature adjustment component is arranged at the front end of the high-temperature dust collector; when the filter is arranged between the graded cooling component and the scrubber, it is set as a bag dust collector.

3. The device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat exchanger is arranged in the lower bed layer of the fluidized bed.

4. The device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid particles are catalyst particles and / or coke particles with a particle size of 50 to 2000 microns.

5. The device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid sealing material is provided at the bottom of the regeneration zone, and a gas-solid separator is provided at the top of the carbonization adsorption zone of the coal tar stabilization component.

6. The device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas-solid separator is a cyclone dust collector or an inertial dust collector.

7. A method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas using the device for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The coal gas output from the gasifier is sent to the coal tar stabilization component, and the solid particles circulate in the carbonization adsorption zone and the regeneration zone. The coal gas contacts and reacts with the hot solid particles from the bottom of the regeneration zone in the carbonization adsorption zone, and the adsorbed macromolecular tar components undergo cracking and polymerization reactions to generate smaller molecular tar and larger molecular coke. The solid particles that have reacted in the carbonization adsorption zone enter the regeneration zone from the top of the carbonization adsorption zone to react. After the solid particles react in the regeneration zone, they enter the carbonization adsorption zone from the bottom of the regeneration zone to react; S2: adjusting the temperature of the coal gas treated by the coal tar stabilization component, removing dust at high temperature, and then cooling it in stages; or cooling the coal gas treated by the coal tar stabilization component in stages, and then filtering and removing dust from the condensate; S3: The coal gas treated by S2 is sent to a scrubber for treatment, and the condensate treated by S2 can be recycled.

8. The method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, the coal gas output from the gasifier needs to be adjusted to a temperature of 450-700°C using a hot gas generator, and then the coal gas is introduced into the carbonization adsorption zone.

9. The method for treating heavy coal tar in coal gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, the solid from the top of the carbonization adsorption zone enters the regeneration zone. During the reaction in the regeneration zone, it is necessary to introduce oxygen and water vapor into the middle of the fluidized bed in the regeneration zone, and introduce water vapor into the lower part of the fluidized bed. The gas at the gas outlet of the regeneration zone is tracked online to analyze the O2, CO and H2 contents. The regeneration gas without oxygen is combined with the coal gas.

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