A natural fermentation and drying process for juicy agricultural solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural fermentation drying treatment process for succulent agricultural solid waste. It uses succulent agricultural solid waste as the main material, and uses food preservatives and sodium chloride as auxiliary materials, so that the main material exudates an exudate that can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms under the action of the auxiliary materials, and at the same time, by adding a pH adjuster, the pH of the exudate is made ≤4, the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material, and the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobic fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, and the finished product is obtained. The present invention adopts an aerobic fermentation method, and no harmful gas is generated; edible preservatives are added, and the pH is adjusted by acetic acid and sodium chloride to create a good fermentation environment, and the product is protected from secondary pollution, which is convenient for reuse; through natural evaporation and dehydration, energy consumption is greatly reduced, meeting the requirements of clean production; the moisture content of the finished product is controllable, the storage time is greatly extended, and the fiber and protein loss in the main material is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural solid waste treatment, and in particular to a natural fermentation and drying treatment process for juicy agricultural solid waste. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of organic waste is generated during the production, transportation, storage and sales of fruits and vegetables. Juicy solid waste such as vegetable leaves is very easy to rot and can cause pollution to water, soil and air. At present, this kind of juicy solid waste is mainly used for composting or garbage disposal, which not only has high processing costs, but also still has the risk of secondary pollution.

[0003] The applicant has found that the prior art has at least the following technical problems:

[0004] In the prior art, succulent solid waste is mainly used for composting or disposed as garbage, which not only has high processing costs but also still has the risk of secondary pollution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a natural fermentation and drying treatment process for succulent agricultural solid waste, so as to solve the technical problem that succulent solid waste in the prior art is mainly used for composting or disposed as garbage, which not only has high treatment costs but also still has the risk of secondary pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention provides a natural fermentation and drying treatment process for succulent agricultural solid waste. The process uses succulent agricultural solid waste as a main material, and uses food preservatives and sodium chloride as auxiliary materials. The main material exudes an exudate capable of inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms under the action of the auxiliary materials. At the same time, a pH adjuster is added to make the pH of the exudate ≤4. The exudate is separated, collected and splashed onto the main material. The main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, thereby obtaining a finished product.

[0008] Furthermore, the food preservative is any one or any combination of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and sodium diacetate.

[0009] Furthermore, the pH adjuster is citric acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid.

[0010] Furthermore, the treatment process adopts an intermittent treatment method or a continuous treatment method.

[0011] Furthermore, the intermittent treatment method comprises the following steps:

[0012] A1. Mix succulent agricultural solid waste as a main ingredient, food preservatives and sodium chloride as auxiliary ingredients, and a pH adjuster evenly;

[0013] A2. The main material is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, the exudate is separated and collected, and then the exudate is sprinkled on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobic fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, thereby obtaining the finished product.

[0014] Furthermore, in step A1, the amount of the food preservative added is 0.2%-0.5% of the mass of the succulent agricultural solid waste; the amount of the sodium chloride added is 0.5%-5% of the mass of the solid waste; and the amount of the pH adjuster added is 0.2%-5%.

[0015] Furthermore, in step A2, the aerobic fermentation is carried out by turning the compost or blowing air to form an aerobic state, so that the material ferments naturally.

[0016] Furthermore, the continuous treatment method comprises the following steps:

[0017] B1. Evenly mix the food preservative, sodium chloride, pH adjuster and water to prepare a mother solution;

[0018] B2. Soaking the juicy agricultural solid waste as the main material in the mother liquor, and then taking it out after soaking at room temperature for 22-26 hours; the main material after being taken out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, separating and collecting the exudate and then pouring the exudate on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, thereby obtaining the finished product;

[0019] B3. After the main material in step B2 is fished out, a food preservative, sodium chloride and a pH adjuster are added to the mother liquor again and the mother liquor is evenly mixed, and then succulent agricultural solid waste is added to the mother liquor again for soaking, and the main material is fished out after soaking at room temperature for 22-26 hours; the main material after being fished out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, so as to obtain a finished product;

[0020] Repeat step B3 to continuously treat succulent agricultural solid waste.

[0021] Furthermore, in step B1, when preparing the mother liquor, the amount of food preservative added is 0.5%-1% of the mass of the main material added in step B2; the amount of sodium chloride added is 3%-5% of the mass of the main material added in step B2; and the amount of pH adjuster added is 2.5%-3.5% of the mass of the main material added in step B2.

[0022] Furthermore, the main ingredient added in step B3 is the same in mass as the main ingredient added in step B2; and in step B3, the amount of food preservative added is 0.5 times the mass of food preservative added in step B1; the amount of sodium chloride added is 0.5 times the mass of sodium chloride added in step B1; and the amount of pH adjuster added is 0.5 times the mass of pH adjuster added in step B1.

[0023] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects:

[0024] (1) The natural fermentation and drying treatment process for succulent agricultural solid waste provided by the present invention adopts an aerobic fermentation method without generating harmful gases; an edible preservative is added, and the pH is adjusted by acetic acid and sodium chloride to create a good fermentation environment, and the product is protected from secondary pollution, making it easy to reuse; natural evaporation and dehydration are performed to greatly reduce energy consumption, meeting the requirements of clean production; the moisture content of the finished product is controllable, the storage time is greatly extended, and the fiber and protein losses in the main ingredients are small.

[0025] (2) The natural fermentation and drying treatment process for succulent agricultural solid waste provided by the present invention is to obtain a finished product after the succulent agricultural solid waste is treated by the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] The discontinuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0028] A1. 100 kg of juicy agricultural solid waste (a mixture of broccoli, cabbage and bok choy), 0.2 kg of sodium benzoate, 2 kg of sodium chloride and 1 kg of citric acid were mixed by manual stirring;

[0029] A2. The main material is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, which is separated, collected and sprinkled on the main material. The main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 20 days. The aerobic fermentation is carried out by turning the pile to form an aerobic state, so that the main material is naturally fermented. The finished product is obtained when the moisture content of the main material reaches 2%, and is packaged and stored.

[0030] Embodiment 2:

[0031] The discontinuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0032] A1. 100 kg of juicy agricultural solid waste (a mixture of cabbage and bok choy), 0.5 kg of potassium sorbate, 5 kg of sodium chloride and 5 kg of benzoic acid were mixed evenly;

[0033] A2. The main material is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, which is separated, collected and sprinkled on the main material. The main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 15 days. The aerobic fermentation is carried out by turning the pile to form an aerobic state, so that the main material is naturally fermented. The finished product is obtained until the moisture content of the main material is 4%, and is packaged and stored.

[0034] Embodiment 3:

[0035] The discontinuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0036] A1. 100 kg of juicy agricultural solid waste (Chinese cabbage), 0.3 kg of sodium diacetate, 0.5 kg of sodium chloride and 0.2 kg of sorbic acid were mixed evenly;

[0037] A2. The main material is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, which is separated, collected and sprinkled on the main material. The main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10 days. The aerobic fermentation is carried out by turning the pile to form an aerobic state, so that the main material is naturally fermented. The finished product is obtained when the moisture content of the main material reaches 5%, and is packaged and stored.

[0038] Embodiment 4:

[0039] The discontinuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0040] A1. Mix 100 kg of juicy agricultural solid waste (Shangri-La), 0.4 kg of sodium benzoate, 2.5 kg of sodium chloride and 2 kg of acetic acid;

[0041] A2. The main material is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, the exudate is separated, collected and sprinkled on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 12 days, wherein the aerobic fermentation is carried out by forming an aerobic state through blowing air to allow the main material to ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main material is 4.5%, the finished product is obtained and packaged for storage.

[0042] Embodiment 5:

[0043] The continuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0044] B1, 0.8kg sodium diacetate, 4kg sodium chloride, 3kg acetic acid and 200kg water were mixed to prepare a mother liquor;

[0045] B2, soaking 100 kg of discarded Chinese cabbage as the main ingredient in the mother liquor, and then taking it out after soaking at room temperature for 24 hours; the main ingredient after being taken out is naturally dehydrated, and an exudate with a pH value of ≤4 is exuded, and the exudate is separated, collected, and sprinkled on the main ingredient; the main ingredient is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 20 days, and the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by blowing air to make the main ingredient ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main ingredient is 2.5%, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0046] B3, after the main material in step B2 is fished out, 0.4kg of sodium diacetate, 2kg of sodium chloride and 1.5kg of acetic acid are added to the mother liquor again and mixed evenly with the mother liquor, and then 100kg of discarded Chinese cabbage is added to the mother liquor again for soaking, and the main material is fished out after soaking at room temperature for 24 hours; the main material after being fished out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 20 days, and the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by blowing air to make the main material ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main material is 2.5%, that is, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0047] Repeat step B3 to perform continuous processing;

[0048] At the same time, an overflow pipeline is arranged on the mother liquor tank containing the mother liquor. During the continuous treatment process, the mother liquor flows out from the overflow pipeline and is splashed onto the main material together with the seepage liquid.

[0049] Embodiment 6:

[0050] The continuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0051] B1, 0.5kg sodium benzoate, 5kg sodium chloride, 2.5kg hydrochloric acid and 200kg water were mixed to prepare a mother solution;

[0052] B2, soaking 100 kg of discarded Chinese cabbage as the main ingredient in the mother liquor, and then taking it out after soaking at room temperature for 22 hours; the main ingredient after being taken out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, separating and collecting the exudate and splashing the exudate on the main ingredient; the main ingredient is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10 days, wherein the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by blowing air to make the main ingredient ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main ingredient is ≤5%, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0053] B3. After the main material in step B2 is fished out, 0.25 kg of sodium benzoate, 2.5 kg of sodium chloride and 1.25 kg of hydrochloric acid are added to the mother liquor again and mixed evenly with the mother liquor, and then 100 kg of discarded Chinese cabbage is added to the mother liquor again for soaking, and the main material is fished out after soaking at room temperature for 22 hours; the main material after being fished out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10 days, and the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by blowing air to make the main material ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0054] Repeat step B3 to perform continuous processing;

[0055] At the same time, an overflow pipeline is arranged on the mother liquor tank containing the mother liquor. During the continuous treatment process, the mother liquor flows out from the overflow pipeline and is splashed onto the main material together with the seepage liquid.

[0056] Embodiment 7:

[0057] The continuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0058] B1. Evenly mix 1 kg potassium sorbate, 3 kg sodium chloride, 3.5 kg phosphoric acid and 200 kg water to prepare a mother liquor;

[0059] B2, soaking 100 kg of cabbage as the main ingredient in the mother liquor, and then taking it out after soaking at room temperature for 26 hours; the main ingredient after being taken out is naturally dehydrated, and an exudate with a pH value of ≤4 is exuded, the exudate is separated and collected, and the exudate is sprinkled on the main ingredient; the main ingredient is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 15 days, and the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by blowing air to make the main ingredient ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main ingredient is ≤5%, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0060] B3. After the main material in step B2 is fished out, 0.5 kg of potassium sorbate, 1.5 kg of sodium chloride and 1.75 kg of phosphoric acid are added to the mother liquor again and mixed evenly with the mother liquor, and then 100 kg of cabbage is added to the mother liquor again for soaking, and the main material is fished out after soaking at room temperature for 26 hours; the main material after being fished out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 15 days, and the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by blowing air to make the main material ferment naturally; until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0061] Repeat step B3 to perform continuous processing;

[0062] At the same time, an overflow pipeline is arranged on the mother liquor tank containing the mother liquor. During the continuous treatment process, the mother liquor flows out from the overflow pipeline and is splashed onto the main material together with the seepage liquid.

[0063] Embodiment 8:

[0064] The continuous treatment method includes the following steps:

[0065] B1, 0.7kg sodium benzoate, 5kg sodium chloride, 3kg benzoic acid and 200kg water were mixed to prepare a mother solution;

[0066] B2, soaking 100 kg of discarded Chinese cabbage as the main ingredient in the mother liquor, and then taking it out after soaking at room temperature for 24 hours; the main ingredient after being taken out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main ingredient; the main ingredient is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 20 days until the moisture content of the main ingredient is ≤5%, that is, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0067] B3. After the main material in step B2 is fished out, 0.35 kg of sodium benzoate, 2.5 kg of sodium chloride and 1.5 kg of benzoic acid are added to the mother liquor again and mixed evenly with the mother liquor, and then 100 kg of discarded Chinese cabbage is added to the mother liquor again for soaking, and then fished out after soaking at room temperature for 24 hours; the main material after being fished out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, that is, the finished product is obtained, and it is packaged and stored;

[0068] Repeat step B3 to perform continuous processing;

[0069] At the same time, an overflow pipeline is arranged on the mother liquor tank containing the mother liquor. During the continuous treatment process, the mother liquor flows out from the overflow pipeline and is splashed onto the main material together with the seepage liquid.

Claims

1. A natural fermentation and drying process for succulent agricultural solid waste, characterized in that: The method uses juicy agricultural solid waste as the main material and food preservatives and sodium chloride as auxiliary materials, so that the main material exudates exudate that can inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms under the action of the auxiliary materials, and at the same time, a pH adjuster is added to make the pH of the exudate ≤4, separate and collect the exudate and sprinkle it on the main material, and the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobic fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, thus obtaining the finished product; The treatment process adopts an intermittent treatment method or a continuous treatment method; The intermittent treatment method comprises the following steps: A1. Mix succulent agricultural solid waste as the main material, food preservative and sodium chloride as auxiliary materials, and pH adjuster evenly; the amount of the food preservative added is 0.2%-0.5% of the mass of the succulent agricultural solid waste; the amount of the sodium chloride added is 0.5%-5% of the mass of the solid waste; the amount of the pH adjuster added is 0.2%-5%; A2. The main material is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, the exudate is separated, collected and sprinkled on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobic fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, thus obtaining the finished product; the aerobic fermentation is to form an aerobic state by turning the compost or blowing air to allow the material to ferment naturally; The continuous treatment method comprises the following steps: B1. Evenly mix the food preservative, sodium chloride, pH adjuster and water to prepare a mother solution; B2. Soaking the juicy agricultural solid waste as the main material in the mother liquor, and then taking it out after soaking at room temperature for 22-26 hours; the main material after being taken out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH value of ≤4, separating and collecting the exudate and then pouring the exudate on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, thereby obtaining the finished product; In the step B1, when preparing the mother solution, the amount of food preservative added is 0.5%-1% of the mass of the main material added in step B2; the amount of sodium chloride added is 3%-5% of the mass of the main material added in step B2; the amount of pH adjuster added is 2.5%-3.5% of the mass of the main material added in step B2; B3. After the main material in step B2 is fished out, a food preservative, sodium chloride and a pH adjuster are added to the mother liquor again and the mother liquor is evenly mixed, and then succulent agricultural solid waste is added to the mother liquor again for soaking, and the main material is fished out after soaking at room temperature for 22-26 hours; the main material after being fished out is naturally dehydrated to exude an exudate with a pH of ≤4, and the exudate is separated, collected and splashed on the main material; the main material is naturally dehydrated and aerobically fermented for 10-20 days until the moisture content of the main material is ≤5%, so as to obtain a finished product; Repeat step B3 to continuously treat succulent agricultural solid waste; The main ingredient added in step B3 has the same mass as the main ingredient added in step B2; and in step B3, the amount of food preservative added is 0.5 times the mass of food preservative added in step B1; the amount of sodium chloride added is 0.5 times the mass of sodium chloride added in step B1; and the amount of pH adjuster added is 0.5 times the mass of pH adjuster added in step B1.

2. The natural fermentation and drying process for treating succulent agricultural solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The food preservative is any one or any combination of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and sodium diacetate.

3. The natural fermentation and drying process for treating succulent agricultural solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH adjuster is citric acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid.