A wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating and its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of metal surface modification technology. The two-dimensional solid lubricant of the present invention is prepared by modifying rare earth oxides to prepare a ternary self-lubricating composite structure, wherein the rare earth oxides can effectively improve the wear resistance of the entire coating, and the presence of the lubricating phase can greatly reduce the friction coefficient of the coating, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the composite coating. The present invention can be used under wide temperature range friction service conditions, which is based on the synergistic effect of the ternary material system. When at a relatively low temperature, the two-dimensional solid lubricant can achieve a better self-lubricating effect; under high temperature conditions, the main lubricating effect is the rare earth element, and the friction interface of the rare earth element under high temperature friction is prone to generate an oxidized lubricating film. The effective combination of the two-dimensional solid lubricant and the rare earth element can enable the friction parts to be used under a wide temperature range, which has a great promoting effect on broadening the self-lubricating ceramic coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface modification, and in particular to a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic coating is an important means of surface modification of metals. However, the existing technology has the problems of complex process for preparing ceramic coating on the surface of complex and special-shaped parts, poor performance, and difficulty in uniform growth of the coating.

[0003] Micro-arc electrodeposition technology is a method for preparing metal surface coatings developed on the basis of micro-arc oxidation. The processing process is to place the metal in an electrolyte and place it at the cathode, apply a certain voltage for electrolysis, and convert the electrolyte components to the surface of the metal substrate under the action of the current, and realize the deposition and sintering process in the process, and finally grow a ceramic coating on the metal surface.

[0004] Unlike micro-arc electrodeposition, micro-arc oxidation uses valve metals such as Al, Mg, Ti and their alloys as anodes to prepare coatings with various properties on the surface of valve metals under the combined action of current and electrolyte. However, micro-arc oxidation is only applicable to valve metals and cannot prepare good coatings for non-valve metals. Micro-arc electrodeposition technology can break the limitation of the base material and still obtain metal or ceramic coatings on non-valve metals.

[0005] At present, there are few reports on the technology of preparing self-lubricating ceramic coatings by micro-arc electrodeposition. How to use micro-arc electrodeposition technology to obtain self-lubricating coatings with a wide temperature range is still a challenge in the field of metal surface modification. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating and its preparation method and application. The preparation method provided by the present invention can overcome the problems of complex process, poor performance and difficult uniform growth of ceramic coatings on the surface of complex and special-shaped parts, and obtain a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating with good lubrication performance on the surface of the metal substrate.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for preparing a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating, comprising the following steps:

[0009] The two-dimensional solid lubricant and the rare earth oxide are ball-milled and mixed, and then encapsulated and modified to obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide, wherein the binary modified rare earth oxide has the two-dimensional solid lubricant as an outer shell and the rare earth oxide as an inner core;

[0010] The binary modified rare earth oxide, a soluble aluminum source and a solvent are mixed to obtain an electrolyte solution;

[0011] The metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution and micro-arc electrodeposition is performed to obtain a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating on the surface of the metal substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the two-dimensional solid lubricant is one or more of molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride and graphite;

[0013] The rare earth oxide is one or both of cerium dioxide and hafnium dioxide;

[0014] The mass ratio of the two-dimensional solid lubricant to the rare earth oxide is 1:2-5.

[0015] Preferably, the ball milling mixing rate is 50 to 150 r / min, and the time is 10 to 12 h;

[0016] The outer shell of the binary modified rare earth oxide has a thickness of 10 to 50 μm, and the inner core has a diameter of 1 to 30 μm.

[0017] Preferably, the soluble aluminum source is aluminum nitrate and / or aluminum sulfate;

[0018] The solvent is ethanol and / or water.

[0019] Preferably, in the electrolyte solution, the concentration of the soluble aluminum source is 0.1 to 1 mol / L, and the concentration of the binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 to 20 g / L.

[0020] Preferably, the cathode of the micro-arc electrodeposition is a metal substrate, and the anode is a stainless steel plate, a titanium plate or a carbon plate.

[0021] Preferably, the conditions of the micro-arc electrodeposition include:

[0022] Use pulse voltage, the positive voltage is 100~500V, and the negative voltage is 0~100V;

[0023] The pulse frequency of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 200-1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 6-30%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 5-60 minutes.

[0024] The present invention provides a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating prepared by the above preparation method.

[0025] Preferably, the thickness of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating is 200-300 μm.

[0026] The present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating in the fields of aviation, aerospace, chemical industry or energy and power.

[0027] The present invention provides a method for preparing a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating, comprising the following steps: ball-milling and mixing a two-dimensional solid lubricant and a rare earth oxide, performing encapsulation modification, and obtaining a binary modified rare earth oxide, wherein the binary modified rare earth oxide has a two-dimensional solid lubricant as an outer shell and a rare earth oxide as an inner core; mixing the binary modified rare earth oxide, a soluble aluminum source and a solvent to obtain an electrolyte solution; placing a metal substrate in the electrolyte solution, performing micro-arc electrodeposition, and obtaining a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating on the surface of the metal substrate, that is, a ternary system solid self-lubricating coating of aluminum oxide-two-dimensional solid lubricating phase-rare earth oxide. The two-dimensional solid lubricant of the present invention modifies the rare earth oxide to prepare a ternary self-lubricating composite structure of a two-dimensional solid lubricant encapsulating rare earth oxide. The rare earth oxide can effectively improve the wear resistance of the entire coating, and the presence of the lubricating phase can greatly reduce the friction coefficient of the coating, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the composite coating. The present invention can be used under wide temperature range friction service conditions, which is based on the synergistic effect of the ternary material system. At relatively low temperatures (200-400°C), two-dimensional solid lubricants can achieve good self-lubricating effects. Under high temperature conditions (>400°C), rare earth elements play the main lubricating role. Rare earth elements are prone to generate oxidized lubricating films at their friction interfaces under high temperature friction. The effective combination of two-dimensional solid lubricants and rare earth elements enables friction parts to be used under a wide temperature range, which greatly promotes the expansion of self-lubricating ceramic coatings.

[0028] The formation and growth of the coating of the present invention are both achieved in an electrolyte, so there are no requirements for the morphology of the parts, and the coating can be prepared on various metal surfaces. The experimental equipment is simple to operate, has low energy consumption, and has wide adaptability, and is suitable for industrial mass production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The microstructure of the binary modified rare earth oxide obtained in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a microstructure diagram of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating obtained in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 These are the test results of the friction performance of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating obtained in Example 1 at different temperatures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention provides a method for preparing a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating, comprising the following steps:

[0033] The two-dimensional solid lubricant and the rare earth oxide are ball-milled and mixed, and then encapsulated and modified to obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide, wherein the binary modified rare earth oxide has the two-dimensional solid lubricant as an outer shell and the rare earth oxide as an inner core;

[0034] The binary modified rare earth oxide, a soluble aluminum source and a solvent are mixed to obtain an electrolyte solution;

[0035] The metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution and micro-arc electrodeposition is performed to obtain a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating on the surface of the metal substrate.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used are commercially available products well known in the art.

[0037] The present invention ball-mills a two-dimensional solid lubricant and a rare earth oxide, performs encapsulation modification, and obtains a binary modified rare earth oxide. In the present invention, the two-dimensional solid lubricant is preferably one or more of molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, and graphite. In the present invention, the sheet diameter of the two-dimensional solid lubricant is preferably 20 to 30 μm, and the thickness is preferably 1 to 2 μm.

[0038] In the present invention, the rare earth oxide is preferably one or both of cerium dioxide and hafnium dioxide.

[0039] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional solid lubricant to the rare earth oxide is preferably 1:2-5, more preferably 1:3-4.

[0040] In the present invention, the ball milling mixing rate is preferably 50 to 150 r / min, more preferably 100 r / min; the time is preferably 10 to 12 h, more preferably 11 h.

[0041] In the present invention, during the ball milling mixing process, the two-dimensional solid lubricant is wrapped on the surface of the rare earth oxide to obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide. On the one hand, the solid lubricant wrapping the rare earth oxide is conducive to the outer layer of solid lubricant to better play the friction reduction effect of the lubricant phase; on the other hand, since the rare earth oxide is not conductive, wrapping it inside the lubricant is further conducive to the continuation of the cathode plasma deposition process. In the present invention, the binary modified rare earth oxide has a two-dimensional solid lubricant as an outer shell and a rare earth oxide as an inner core. In the present invention, the thickness of the binary modified rare earth oxide outer shell is preferably 10 to 50 μm, more preferably 20 to 40 μm, and the diameter of the inner core is preferably 1 to 30 μm, more preferably 5 to 20 μm.

[0042] After obtaining the binary modified rare earth oxide, the present invention mixes the binary modified rare earth oxide, a soluble aluminum source and a solvent to obtain an electrolyte solution. In the present invention, the soluble aluminum source is preferably aluminum nitrate; the solvent is preferably ethanol, more preferably anhydrous ethanol. The present invention has no special requirements for the mixing method, and a mixing method well known to those skilled in the art can be used, such as stirring and mixing.

[0043] In the present invention, in the electrolyte solution, the concentration of the soluble aluminum source is preferably 0.1-1 mol / L, more preferably 0.4-0.8 mol / L; the concentration of the binary modified rare earth oxide is preferably 0-20 g / L, more preferably 1-15 g / L, and further preferably 5-10 g / L.

[0044] After obtaining the electrolyte solution, the present invention places a metal substrate in the electrolyte solution and performs micro-arc electrodeposition to obtain a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating on the surface of the metal substrate. In the present invention, the material of the metal substrate is preferably stainless steel, more preferably high-strength stainless steel, specifically preferably 304, 316 or 316L.

[0045] In the present invention, the conditions of micro-arc electrodeposition include:

[0046] The pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is preferably 100 to 500 V, more preferably 200 to 400 V; the negative voltage is preferably 0 to 100 V, more preferably 20 to 80 V;

[0047] The pulse frequency of the micro-arc electrodeposition is preferably 200-1000 Hz, more preferably 400-800 Hz; the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is preferably 6-30%, more preferably 10-20%; the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is preferably 5-60 min, more preferably 10-40 min.

[0048] The present invention can generate plasma with high energy density during the coating preparation process. The temperature in the generated discharge channel can reach hundreds or even thousands of degrees Celsius, which will cause local melting of the surface metal of the substrate to form a metal / coating solid solution zone, thereby improving the interface bonding.

[0049] The present invention provides a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, wherein the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating comprises a binary modified rare earth oxide and aluminum oxide; the binary modified rare earth oxide has a two-dimensional solid lubricant as an outer shell and a rare earth oxide as an inner core.

[0050] In the present invention, the thickness of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating is preferably 200 to 300 μm.

[0051] In the present invention, the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating has a friction coefficient of 0.45-0.75 at 200°C, a friction coefficient of 0.3-0.45 at 400°C, and an average friction coefficient of 0.17-0.19 at 600°C.

[0052] The present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating in high-tech fields such as aviation, aerospace, chemical industry, energy and power.

[0053] The wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating provided by the present invention and its preparation method and application are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0056] (1) Solid lubricant MoS2 and rare earth oxide CeO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:5, and the mixture is placed on a ball mill for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 100 r / min to modify the rare earth oxide and obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0057] The microstructure of the obtained binary modified rare earth oxide is shown in Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 It can be seen that MoS2 can evenly wrap CeO2.

[0058] (2) Aluminum nitrate and binary modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain an electrolyte solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 250 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 1000 Hz, the micro-arc electrodeposition duty cycle is 8%, and the micro-arc electrodeposition time is 30 min. The thickness of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating is 200 μm.

[0059] The microstructure of the obtained wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating is shown in the figure Figure 2 As shown. Figure 2 It can be seen that after being doped with solid lubricating phase and rare earth elements, the coating becomes very dense and complete.

[0060] According to GB / T 40398.1-2021, the pin-disc friction performance test was carried out under the conditions of load 10N, speed 200r / min, and friction time 15min. The friction performance test results of the obtained wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating at different temperatures are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown, the average friction coefficients of the composite coating at 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C are 0.6, 0.38, and 0.18, respectively.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0063] (1) Solid lubricant MoS2 and rare earth oxide CeO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:4, and ball milled on a ball mill for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 100 r / min to achieve modification of the rare earth oxide and obtain binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0064] (2) Aluminum nitrate and modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 300 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 30 minutes.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0067] (1) Solid lubricant MoS2 and rare earth oxide CeO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:3, and ball milled on a ball mill for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 100 r / min to achieve modification of the rare earth oxide and obtain binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0068] (2) Aluminum nitrate and binary modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 350 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 30 min.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0071] (1) Solid lubricant MoS2 and rare earth oxide CeO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the mixture is placed on a ball mill for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 100 r / min to modify the rare earth oxide and obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0072] (2) Aluminum nitrate and binary modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 400 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 30 min.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0075] (1) Solid lubricant BN and rare earth oxide HfO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the mixture is placed on a ball mill for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 150 r / min to modify the rare earth oxide, thereby obtaining a binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0076] (2) Aluminum nitrate and binary modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 300 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 500 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 30 minutes.

[0077] Example 6

[0078] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0079] (1) Solid lubricant BN and rare earth oxide HfO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the mixture is placed on a ball mill for 12 hours at a rotation speed of 150 r / min to modify the rare earth oxide, thereby obtaining a binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0080] (2) Aluminum nitrate and binary modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 350 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 750 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 30 min.

[0081] Example 7

[0082] The preparation method of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating adopts the following steps:

[0083] (1) Solid lubricant BN and rare earth oxide HfO2 are mixed together in a mass ratio of 1:2, and the mixture is placed on a ball mill for 10 hours at a rotation speed of 150 r / min to modify the rare earth oxide and obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide.

[0084] (2) Aluminum nitrate and binary modified rare earth oxide are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of binary modified rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a ternary composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 400 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 30 min.

[0085] Comparative Example

[0086] (1) Aluminum nitrate and rare earth oxide CeO2 are added to anhydrous ethanol to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of aluminum nitrate is 0.5 mol / L and the concentration of rare earth oxide is 10 g / L. The metal substrate is used as the cathode and the stainless steel plate is used as the anode; the metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution for micro-arc electrodeposition to generate a composite ceramic coating containing rare earth elements on the surface of the metal substrate. A pulse voltage is used, the positive voltage is 350 V, the negative voltage is 0 V, the micro-arc electrodeposition pulse frequency is 1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 8%, and the micro-arc electrodeposition time is 30 min.

[0087] In the comparative example, a ceramic coating containing only rare earth oxides was prepared without adding solid lubricants. The test showed that the friction performance of the coating at 200°C was poorer than that of the ternary system containing lubricants, and the friction coefficient reached 0.6 to 0.8.

[0088] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating, comprising the following steps: The two-dimensional solid lubricant and the rare earth oxide are ball-milled and mixed, and then coated and modified to obtain a binary modified rare earth oxide, wherein the binary modified rare earth oxide has the two-dimensional solid lubricant as an outer shell and the rare earth oxide as an inner core; the mass ratio of the two-dimensional solid lubricant to the rare earth oxide is 1:2-5; The binary modified rare earth oxide, a soluble aluminum source and a solvent are mixed to obtain an electrolyte solution; The metal substrate is placed in the electrolyte solution and micro-arc electrodeposition is performed to obtain a wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating on the surface of the metal substrate.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-dimensional solid lubricant is one or more of molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride and graphite; The rare earth oxide is one or both of cerium dioxide and hafnium dioxide.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ball milling mixing speed is 50-150 r / min, and the time is 10-12 h; The outer shell of the binary modified rare earth oxide has a thickness of 10 to 50 μm, and the inner core has a diameter of 1 to 30 μm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soluble aluminum source is aluminum nitrate and / or aluminum sulfate; The solvent is ethanol and / or water.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: In the electrolyte solution, the concentration of the soluble aluminum source is 0.1-1 mol / L, and the concentration of the binary modified rare earth oxide is 10-20 g / L.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode of the micro-arc electrodeposition is a metal substrate, and the anode is a stainless steel plate, a titanium plate or a carbon plate.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The conditions of the micro-arc electrodeposition include: Use pulse voltage, the positive voltage is 100~500V, and the negative voltage is 0~100V; The pulse frequency of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 200-1000 Hz, the duty cycle of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 6-30%, and the time of the micro-arc electrodeposition is 5-60 minutes.

8. A ternary solid self-lubricating coating with a wide temperature range prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating is 200-300 μm.

10. Application of the wide temperature range ternary system solid self-lubricating coating according to claim 8 or 9 in the fields of aviation, aerospace, chemical industry or energy and power.

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