A safe reconstruction method for eccentric and slender old buildings without demolishing load-bearing components

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction measures for existing buildings, and discloses a safe reconstruction method for eccentric and slender old buildings without demolishing load-bearing components. In the present invention, components that cause eccentricity in old buildings are classified, and the ground-mounted eccentric components that can be removed without destroying the load-bearing components of the old building are replaced with self-sustaining imitation eccentric components with the same appearance but without causing eccentricity after removal; the off-ground eccentric components that cannot be removed without destroying the load-bearing components of the old building are treated by building a new correction core tube at a central symmetrical position, and a supplementary core tube is set to eliminate the damage caused by the correction core tube to the building's appearance. Thereby, the correction of the building is completed under the premise of safety and without significantly changing the appearance of the building. At the same time, since the correction core tube and the supplementary core tube expand the area of ​​the old building and significantly improve the horizontal bearing capacity of the old building, only a small amount of seismic shear walls need to be added to ensure that the safety of the building meets the current standards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction measures for existing buildings, and in particular to a safe reconstruction method for eccentric and elongated old buildings without demolishing load-bearing components. Background Art

[0002] The fate of most old buildings is to be demolished to make way for the construction of new buildings, but there are some old buildings with special significance that need to be changed in use while retaining their original appearance, which requires in-depth renovation of the buildings.

[0003] Considering that the old building itself has been seriously aged, its structural strength has seriously declined, and its appearance has become very dilapidated. These problems are difficult to solve without deep transformation of the building itself. Therefore, the transformation of old buildings often needs to be carried out in the form of dismantling into parts and reassembling. During the dismantling process, the building parts can be tested separately and the parts that do not meet the strength standards or are seriously damaged can be replaced. The internal reinforcement treatment can be carried out or the internal layout of the building can be changed to adapt to the changes in the use of the building.

[0004] However, this demolition and modification method is not applicable to some eccentric and slender old buildings. The biggest problem is that the consideration of stress in the construction of such buildings was not as perfect as it is now. They are slender, have serious torsional irregularities, and no effective measures have been taken to overcome this problem. Even in a brand new state, they are still illegal buildings according to existing standards. Over time, their stress problems have become more and more serious. The demolition and modification of such buildings cannot involve the demolition of load-bearing components (otherwise the building is likely to collapse during the demolition and modification process), and it is necessary to correct the stress problems that existed at the beginning.

[0005] Take the Jinyu Xingfa Science Park project in the northern area of ​​Beijing Huairou Science City as an example. The project site is the Xingfa Cement Factory, which was built in the early 1990s and contributed a large amount of building materials to Beijing's urban construction. It is an important industrial heritage site. Therefore, the buildings there need to be transformed into scientific research facilities for use by nearby universities and research institutes while retaining their appearance. The kiln tail tower is the tallest building in the factory and needs to be transformed into an experimental building later. The building is a tower without a podium, and there is a heavy kiln tail flue gas treatment facility and a brick elevator shaft (which cannot be self-sustaining and will collapse after leaving the building) at the high side. The seismic performance of the building is seriously substandard. Fortunately, there have been no significant earthquakes in the Beijing area in recent decades, otherwise the building would have collapsed in the earthquake. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a safe reconstruction method for an eccentrically long and thin old building without demolishing load-bearing components.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved is: some eccentric and slender old buildings did not fully consider the stress during their construction, and are considered illegal buildings according to existing standards. The demolition and reconstruction of such buildings should not involve the demolition of load-bearing components, but also require correcting the stress problems that existed at the beginning.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a safe reconstruction method for eccentric and slender old buildings without demolishing load-bearing components, which is used to ensure that the structural safety of the eccentric and slender old buildings meets the current standards while retaining the appearance of the eccentric and slender old buildings. The facade of the old building has an additional component that applies an eccentric load to the building. The additional component that is completely not supported by the ground is recorded as an off-ground eccentric component, and the additional component that is partially or completely supported by the ground is recorded as a grounded eccentric component. The safe reconstruction method includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Detect the defects of beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs of old buildings and the strength of the concrete therein, and formulate a reinforcement plan;

[0010] Step 2: Remove the ground eccentric parts and the secondary structure of the old building;

[0011] Step 3: Connect the foundation of the old building and expand it outward to form an integrated raft that can support the old building, the self-supporting imitation eccentric member, the deviation-correcting core tube, and the supplementary core tube;

[0012] The self-supporting imitation eccentric member is a structure that is consistent in appearance with the floor-standing eccentric member, is arranged at the position of the floor-standing eccentric member, and is completely independent of the load-bearing structure of the old building; during the use of the building, no personnel other than maintenance personnel are allowed to enter or exit the self-supporting imitation eccentric member;

[0013] The deviation-correcting core tube is a core tube that is arranged at a position symmetrical to the center of the eccentric member off the ground and fixedly connected to an edge of the old building. Of the two edges of the old building close to the deviation-correcting core tube, the old building, the deviation-correcting core tube, and the supplementary core tube are combined into a rectangle in the horizontal plane, and the edge that is not connected to the deviation-correcting core tube is recorded as a place-taking edge.

[0014] The supplementary core tube is a core tube located on the same surface of the old building as the deviation-correcting core tube and fixedly connected to the occupying edge. The steel beam grids in the deviation-correcting core tube and the supplementary core tube penetrate the old building and extend into the old building.

[0015] Step 4: Construct self-supporting imitation eccentric parts, corrective core tubes, and replacement core tubes layer by layer from bottom to top. At the same time, repair and reinforce beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs layer by layer from bottom to top to ensure that the structural safety of the old building meets the current standards.

[0016] Furthermore, the correcting core tube and the supplementary core tube are both traffic cores, and the safety renovation method also includes step five: constructing an external building and connecting it with the old building, and the external building is arranged in an area outside the old building adjacent to the correcting core tube and the supplementary core tube, and is connected to the old building through a corridor arranged between the correcting core tube and the supplementary core tube.

[0017] Furthermore, a new floor slab is provided in the floors of the old building with a height exceeding 6 meters, and the steel beam grid under the new floor slab is fixedly connected to the deviation correction core tube and the replacement core tube; the new floor slab is constructed after it is constructed to the floor where it is located in step four.

[0018] Furthermore, the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece is fixedly connected to the off-ground eccentric piece, and if the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece is adjacent to the off-ground eccentric piece, the cross-section of the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece is enlarged on the basis of the grounded eccentric piece, so that the off-ground eccentric piece is embedded in the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece.

[0019] Furthermore, during the removal process of step 2, temporary inner supports are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction inside the ground eccentric member, and the temporary inner supports are removed from top to bottom synchronously with the ground eccentric member.

[0020] Furthermore, in the reinforcement process of the beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs in step four, the cross-section of the columns is enlarged after the reinforcement is planted, and the beams, load-bearing walls and floor slabs are reinforced by gluing steel.

[0021] Furthermore, the seismic shear wall corresponds to the columns of the old building one by one and is fixedly connected to the corresponding columns as a whole. The seismic shear wall is arranged at the outer wall position of the old building, replaces the non-load-bearing wall at the location, and is integrated with the load-bearing wall at the location.

[0022] Furthermore, during the demolition process in step 2, the concrete on the surface of the component that needs to be repaired and reinforced in step 4 is chiseled out, and the chiseled out steel bars are painted with anti-rust paint.

[0023] Furthermore, the self-sustaining simulated eccentric member is a core tube and is used as a pipe gallery.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and slender old building without demolishing the load-bearing components of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] In the present invention, the components that cause eccentricity in the old building are classified, and the ground-mounted eccentric components that can be removed without damaging the load-bearing components of the old building are replaced with self-sustaining imitation eccentric components with the same appearance but without causing eccentricity after removal; the off-ground eccentric components that cannot be removed without damaging the load-bearing components of the old building are treated by building a new correction core tube at a central symmetrical position, and a supplementary core tube is set to eliminate the damage caused by the correction core tube to the building's appearance. In this way, the correction of the building is completed without damaging the load-bearing components of the old building and without significantly changing the appearance. At the same time, since the correction core tube and the supplementary core tube expand the area of ​​the old building and significantly improve the horizontal bearing capacity of the old building, only a small amount of seismic shear walls need to be added to ensure that the safety of the building meets the current standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is the floor plan of the building before renovation;

[0027] Figure 2 This is the floor plan of the renovated building;

[0028] Figure 3 This is the elevation of the renovated building;

[0029] Figure 4 This is the floor plan of the building foundation after the renovation;

[0030] In the figure, 1-old building, 2-off-ground eccentric member, 3-ground eccentric member, 4-correction core tube, 5-replacement core tube, 6-self-supporting imitation eccentric member, 7-external building, 8-seismic shear wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Take the kiln tail tower of the Jinyuxingfa Science Park project in the northern area of ​​Huairou Science City, Beijing, as an example. Figure 1-3 As shown, a safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and slender old building without demolishing load-bearing components is used to ensure that the structural safety of the eccentric and slender old building 1 meets the current standards while retaining the appearance of the eccentric and slender old building 1;

[0032] The "slenderness" here can be recorded as a length-to-height ratio of less than 0.2 or a tower without a podium. Structural safety refers to the ability of a building structure to withstand various possible loads and prevent damage to the building under normal construction and normal use conditions. The current standard stipulates the calculation method.

[0033] The facade of the old building 1 has additional components that apply eccentric loads to the building. The additional components that are completely independent of the ground are recorded as off-ground eccentric components 2, and the additional components that are partially or completely dependent on the ground are recorded as ground-mounted eccentric components 3.

[0034] The ground eccentric member 3 here is "grounded", and it can be gradually removed from top to bottom without affecting the load-bearing components of the old building 1. The off-ground eccentric member 2 is completely supported by the old building 1, and cannot be removed without affecting the load-bearing components of the old building 1, nor can it be replaced with a structure that does not cause eccentricity like the ground eccentric member 3. Therefore, it can only be retained as it is, and other methods are used to correct the deviation.

[0035] The safety transformation method includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Detect the defects of the beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs of the old building 1 and the strength of the concrete therein, and formulate a reinforcement plan;

[0037] The purpose of testing the strength of concrete here is to prepare for subsequent reinforcement. Because the strength of concrete may change due to factors such as weathering after long-term use, a reinforcement plan needs to be formulated based on the test results.

[0038] Step 2: Remove the ground eccentric member 3 and the secondary structure of the old building 1; the secondary structure here needs to be removed because it is already very dilapidated and interferes with the construction of the subsequent step 4. The secondary structure is a general term for the structure added after the main structure of the building is completed, and does not involve the load-bearing components of the building.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, step three: connect the foundation of the old building 1 as a whole and expand it outward to form an integrated raft that can support the old building 1, the self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6, the deviation-correcting core tube 4, and the supplementary core tube 5 on top;

[0040] In this embodiment, since the foundation of the old building 1 is not allowed to be demolished, it is chosen here to combine and expand the original foundation of the old building 1, so as to strengthen the foundation without demolition and meet the needs of the subsequent new structure.

[0041] The self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6 is a structure that is consistent in appearance with the floor-standing eccentric member 3, is arranged at the position of the floor-standing eccentric member 3, and is completely independent of the load-bearing structure of the old building 1; during the use of the building, no personnel other than maintenance personnel are allowed to enter or exit the self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6;

[0042] The self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6 here imitates the appearance of the ground eccentric member 3, but it can exist independently of the old building 1, does not transfer its own load to the old building 1, and no longer applies an eccentric load to the old building 1. The self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6 here looks like a pipe. If there are people frequently entering and exiting the old building 1, a small amount of eccentric load will be applied to the old building 1. Therefore, it is necessary to prohibit unauthorized people from entering and exiting during use. Similarly, the self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6 here cannot be used as a warehouse (where goods frequently enter and exit).

[0043] The correcting core tube 4 is a core tube which is arranged at a position symmetrical to the center of the eccentric member 2 and is fixedly connected to an edge of the old building 1. Of the two edges of the old building 1 close to the correcting core tube 4, the edge which is not connected to the correcting core tube 4 is recorded as a placeholder edge; the supplementary core tube 5 is a core tube which is located on the same plane of the old building 1 as the correcting core tube 4 and is fixedly connected to the placeholder edge. The old building 1, the correcting core tube 4, and the supplementary core tube 5 are assembled into a rectangle in the horizontal plane.

[0044] Here, the deviation correction core tube 4 is corrected, and the supplementary core tube 5 prevents the deviation correction core tube 4 from affecting the appearance of the old building 1. At the same time, the two expand the cross section of the old building 1 and reinforce the old building 1.

[0045] The steel beam grids in the correction core tube 4 and the supplementary core tube 5 penetrate the old building 1 and extend into the old building 1; the core tubes here refer to the square tubes surrounded by shear walls, and multiple layers of steel beam grids are arranged inside. The steel beam grids are arranged in this way to ensure that the two newly added and external core tubes are firmly connected to the old building 1 and effectively transmit force.

[0046] Step 4: Construct the self-supporting simulated eccentric parts 6, the deviation-correcting core tube 4, and the supplementary core tube 5 layer by layer from bottom to top, and at the same time repair and reinforce the beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs layer by layer from bottom to top to ensure that the structural safety of the old building 1 meets the current standards.

[0047] The construction here is carried out layer by layer in order to utilize the floor slabs of the old building 1 and reduce the amount of scaffolding during the construction process.

[0048] The correction core tube 4 and the replacement core tube 5 are both traffic cores. The safety renovation method also includes step five: constructing an external building 7 and connecting it with the old building 1. The external building 7 is arranged outside the old building 1 in an area adjacent to the correction core tube 4 and the replacement core tube 5, and is connected to the old building 1 through a corridor arranged between the correction core tube 4 and the replacement core tube 5.

[0049] The core tube is used as a traffic core in conventional buildings (with stairs and elevators inside), and this is no exception. However, so many traffic cores are too many for the old building 1, so a new building is connected to the old building 1 to make full use of the traffic core here. The reason why it is connected with a corridor instead of being built close to the old building 1 is to preserve the general appearance of the old building 1.

[0050] A new floor is set in the old building 1 with a middle floor height exceeding 6 meters. The steel beam grid under the new floor is fixedly connected to the deviation correction core tube 4 and the supplementary core tube 5; the new floor is constructed after it is constructed to the floor where it is located in step 4.

[0051] The new building here can expand the usable area of ​​the old building 1 and strengthen the old building 1 at the same time.

[0052] The self-supporting simulated eccentric piece 6 is fixedly connected to the off-ground eccentric piece 2, and if the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece 6 is adjacent to the off-ground eccentric piece 2, the cross-section of the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece 6 is enlarged on the basis of the grounded eccentric piece 3 so that the off-ground eccentric piece 2 is embedded in the self-supporting simulated eccentric piece 6.

[0053] Here, the above-ground eccentric member 2 is located at a high altitude and is arranged on the outer wall of the building, so there is a risk of falling off. Therefore, a self-supporting imitation eccentric member 6 is used here to provide additional support for it.

[0054] During the removal process of step 2, temporary inner supports are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction inside the ground eccentric member 3, and the temporary inner supports and the ground eccentric member 3 are removed from top to bottom synchronously.

[0055] The ground eccentric member 3 cannot support itself and has become fragile over the years. It may collapse inwards due to loss of restraint during the top-down removal process. Therefore, temporary internal support is used here to avoid this problem.

[0056] Step 4: During the reinforcement process of beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs, the cross-section of the columns is expanded after reinforcement is planted, and the beams, load-bearing walls and floor slabs are reinforced with steel glue.

[0057] The seismic shear wall 8 corresponds to the columns of the old building 1 one by one and is fixedly connected with the corresponding columns as a whole. The seismic shear wall 8 is arranged at the outer wall position of the old building 1, replaces the non-load-bearing wall at the location, and is integrated with the load-bearing wall at the location.

[0058] Step 2: During the demolition process, the concrete on the surface of the components that need to be repaired and reinforced in step 4 is chiseled out, and the chiseled out steel bars are painted with anti-rust paint. The connection of steel bars requires the steel bars of the original structure to be exposed, and the connection of concrete of different ages requires the old concrete to be roughened.

[0059] In this embodiment, the self-supporting pseudo-eccentric member 6 is a core tube and is used as a pipe gallery.

[0060] The core tube is self-sustaining and can further reinforce the old building 1 after being fixedly connected to it. The reason why it is used as a pipe gallery is that the building, as a laboratory building, has a series of complex pipelines including ultrapure water pipelines. These pipelines are specially arranged in the pipe gallery, saving the internal space of the building. At the same time, because the pipelines are arranged vertically in this pipe gallery, the vertically flowing fluid in the pipe will not bring eccentric loads to the old building 1.

[0061] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for safely renovating an eccentrically long and thin old building without demolishing load-bearing components, for ensuring that the structural safety of the eccentrically long and thin old building (1) complies with current standards while retaining the appearance of the eccentrically long and thin old building (1), wherein the facade of the old building (1) is provided with an additional component for applying an eccentric load to the building, the additional component that is completely not supported by the ground is recorded as an off-ground eccentric component (2), and the additional component that is partially or completely supported by the ground is recorded as a ground-mounted eccentric component (3), characterized in that: The safety transformation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Detect defects in the beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs of the old building (1) and the strength of the concrete therein, and formulate a reinforcement plan; Step 2: dismantling the ground eccentric member (3) and the secondary structure of the old building (1); Step 3: Connect the foundation of the old building (1) and expand it outward to form an integrated raft that can support the old building (1), the self-supporting imitation eccentric member (6), the deviation-correcting core tube (4), and the supplementary core tube (5) all on top; The self-supporting imitation eccentric member (6) is a structure that is consistent in appearance with the floor-standing eccentric member (3), is arranged at the position of the floor-standing eccentric member (3), and is completely independent of the load-bearing structure of the old building (1); during the use of the building, personnel other than maintenance personnel are prohibited from entering or exiting the self-supporting imitation eccentric member (6); The deviation-correcting core tube (4) is a core tube arranged at a centrally symmetrical position with respect to the eccentric member (2) above the ground and fixedly connected to an edge of the old building (1); of the two edges of the old building (1) close to the deviation-correcting core tube (4), the edge not connected to the deviation-correcting core tube (4) is recorded as a placeholder edge; The replacement core tube (5) is a core tube located on the same plane as the deviation-correcting core tube (4) of the old building (1) and fixedly connected to the occupying edge. The old building (1), the deviation-correcting core tube (4), and the replacement core tube (5) are assembled into a rectangle in a horizontal plane. The steel beam grids in the deviation-correcting core tube (4) and the replacement core tube (5) penetrate the old building (1) and extend into the old building (1). Step 4: construct the self-supporting simulated eccentric parts (6), the deviation-correcting core tube (4), and the replacement core tube (5) layer by layer from bottom to top, and at the same time repair and reinforce the beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs layer by layer from bottom to top to ensure that the structural safety of the old building (1) meets the current standards.

2. A safe reconstruction method for eccentric and elongated old buildings without demolishing load-bearing components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deviation-correcting core tube (4) and the supplementary core tube (5) are both traffic cores. The safety reconstruction method further comprises step five: constructing an external building (7) and connecting it to the old building (1). The external building (7) is arranged outside the old building (1) in an area adjacent to the deviation-correcting core tube (4) and the supplementary core tube (5), and is connected to the old building (1) via a corridor arranged between the deviation-correcting core tube (4) and the supplementary core tube (5).

3. The safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing the load-bearing components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A new floor slab is provided in the middle floors of the old building (1) with a height exceeding 6 meters, and the steel beam grid below the new floor slab is fixedly connected to the deviation-correcting core tube (4) and the supplementary core tube (5); the new floor slab is constructed after the new floor slab is constructed to the floor where it is located in step 4.

4. The safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing the load-bearing components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-supporting simulated eccentric member (6) is fixedly connected to the off-ground eccentric member (2), and if the self-supporting simulated eccentric member (6) is adjacent to the off-ground eccentric member (2), the cross section of the self-supporting simulated eccentric member (6) is enlarged on the basis of the grounded eccentric member (3), so that the off-ground eccentric member (2) is embedded in the self-supporting simulated eccentric member (6).

5. The safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing the load-bearing components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the removal process in step 2, temporary inner supports are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction inside the floor-standing eccentric member (3), and the temporary inner supports and the floor-standing eccentric member (3) are removed synchronously from top to bottom.

6. The safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing the load-bearing components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Step 4: During the reinforcement process of beams, columns, load-bearing walls and floor slabs, the cross-section of the columns is expanded after reinforcement is planted, and the beams, load-bearing walls and floor slabs are reinforced with steel glue.

7. The safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing the load-bearing components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The earthquake-resistant shear wall (8) corresponds to the columns of the old building (1) one by one and is fixedly connected to the corresponding columns as a whole. The earthquake-resistant shear wall (8) is arranged at the position of the outer wall of the old building (1), replaces the non-load-bearing wall at the position, and is integrated with the load-bearing wall at the position.

8. The method for safely renovating an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing load-bearing components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2: During the demolition process, the concrete on the surface of the component that needs to be repaired and reinforced in Step 4 is chiseled out, and the chiseled out steel bars are painted with anti-rust paint.

9. The safe reconstruction method of an eccentric and elongated old building without demolishing the load-bearing components according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The self-supporting simulated eccentric member (6) is a core tube and is used as a pipe gallery.

Images