A laser 3D printing laser cladding head

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser 3D printing laser cladding head, which relates to the technical field of laser processing, including a mounting plate 1, a mounting plate 2, a guide cone, a guide hopper and a mounting shell, wherein the mounting plate is coaxially arranged above the mounting plate 2, a mixing groove 1 is coaxially arranged on the lower side of the mounting plate 1, and powder feeding holes are evenly arranged above the mixing groove 1, a mixing groove 2 is coaxially arranged on the upper side of the mounting plate 2, and powder passing holes are evenly arranged below the mixing groove 2, a tuning fork is rotatably connected between two adjacent powder passing holes, the guide cone is coaxially arranged below the mounting plate 2, the guide hopper is coaxially connected to the lower side of the mounting plate 2 through a positioning pin, and a powder outlet hole is arranged in the center of the guide hopper, the mounting shell is coaxially fixed to the outer side of the mounting plate 2 and the guide hopper, and a through hole is arranged in the center of the mounting shell, and a sealed bearing 2 is connected between the mounting plate 1 and the mounting shell. The present invention can evenly mix heterogeneous metal powders through a tuning fork that vibrates at high frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser 3D printing laser cladding head. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding can obtain a protective layer with specific properties on the surface of metal workpieces, greatly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance, etc. of the workpieces, and can greatly increase the service life of key components. Laser 3D printing is usually used to obtain metal parts with complex structures. Coaxial powder feeding is a powder feeding method often used in laser cladding and laser 3D printing. Metal or ceramic powders with consistent components can be delivered to the surface of the workpiece through the processing head. When the powder is composed of more than two powders, it is necessary to use a powder mixing device to pre-mix the powders, which increases the complexity of the process. When the particle size and density of the mixed powders are very different, the uniformity of the powder after mixing is poor, which will affect the performance of laser 3D printing and cladding layers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a laser 3D printing laser cladding head to solve the above-mentioned defects caused by the prior art.

[0004] A laser 3D printing laser cladding head, comprising a mounting plate 1, a mounting plate 2, a guide cone, a guide hopper and a mounting shell, wherein the mounting plate is coaxially arranged above the mounting plate 2, and a conical light-through hole 1 is arranged at the center of the mounting plate 1, a mixing groove 1 is coaxially arranged at the lower side of the mounting plate 1, and a plurality of powder feeding holes are evenly arranged above the mixing groove 1, a conical light-through hole 2 is arranged at the center of the mounting plate 2, a mixing groove 2 is coaxially arranged at the upper side of the mounting plate 2, and a plurality of powder feeding holes are evenly arranged below the mixing groove 2, a mixing hole is arranged between two adjacent powder feeding holes, and A tuning fork is rotatably connected to the mixing hole through a sealed bearing 1, the guide cone is coaxially arranged below the mounting plate 2, a conical light-through hole 3 is arranged at the center of the guide cone, and a positioning tube is fixed between the light-through hole 3 and the light-through hole 1, the guide hopper is coaxially connected to the lower side of the mounting plate 2 through a positioning pin, and a powder outlet hole is arranged at the center of the guide hopper, the mounting shell is coaxially fixed to the outer side of the mounting plate 2 and the guide hopper, and a through hole is arranged at the center of the mounting shell, a sealed bearing 2 is connected between the mounting plate 1 and the mounting shell, and a first annular mixing chamber is formed by the mixing tank 1 and the mixing tank 2.

[0005] Preferably, a friction wheel is installed at the lower end of the tuning fork, and the friction wheel is arranged between the guide cone and the guide bucket and is in friction contact with the outer wall of the guide cone. A gear ring is fixed to the upper edge of the mounting shell, and a plurality of fixing plates are evenly installed on the top of the mounting plate. The motor is provided with a plurality of fixing plates and is installed on each fixing plate through a fixing sheet. The motor is arranged vertically downward and a gear is installed at its output end, and the gear and the gear ring are meshed with each other.

[0006] Preferably, a mounting tube 1 is embedded in each powder feeding hole, and a pair of spiral blades 1 is fixed in the mounting tube 1.

[0007] Preferably, each powder passing hole is inlaid with a mounting tube 2, and a pair of spiral blades 2 are fixed in the mounting tube 2.

[0008] Preferably, a sealing ring 1 and a sealing ring 2 are provided between the mounting disk 1 and the mounting disk 2.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing ring three is provided between the guide cone and the mounting plate two, and a sealing ring four is provided between the guide hopper and the mounting plate two.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the guide bucket is integrally connected with staggered mixing blades, and the gap between the guide cone and the guide bucket forms a conical second mixing chamber.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0012] 1. In the present invention, metal powder enters the first mixing chamber composed of mixing tank 1 and mixing tank 2 through the powder delivery hole driven by carrier gas. The metal powder will collide and mix with the metal powder, the inner wall of the first mixing chamber and the tuning fork. After the tuning fork is collided, it not only vibrates at a high frequency to increase the collision frequency and collision force, but also generates sound waves of various frequencies. The sound waves of various frequencies are reflected back and forth in the first annular mixing chamber and act on the metal powder, making the movement of the metal powder more disordered and increasing the collision frequency. Even if the mixed metal powder is prone to stratification due to large differences in particle size and density, a good mixing effect can still be obtained. The mixed metal powder then enters the conical second mixing chamber composed of the gap between the guide cone and the guide bucket through the powder hole, and the metal powder can be mixed again by rotating mixing blades.

[0013] 2. In the present invention, the motor drives the mounting shell, mounting plate 2 and guide bucket to rotate after transmission between the gear and the gear ring, so that the tuning fork can revolve. When relative displacement occurs between the friction wheel and the guide cone, the tuning fork can also rotate on its own, which significantly increases the collision frequency between the metal powder and the tuning fork.

[0014] 3. In the present invention, when the metal powder passes through the powder delivery hole driven by the carrier gas, the pair of (right-handed) spiral blades 1 in the installation tube 1 can be used to evenly disperse the metal powder into the first mixing chamber composed of the mixing tank 1 and the mixing tank 2. When the metal powder passes through the powder delivery hole driven by the carrier gas, the pair of (left-handed) spiral blades 2 in the installation tube 2 can be used to evenly disperse the metal powder into the conical second mixing chamber composed of the gap between the guide cone and the guide bucket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from a top view as a whole.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of section AA.

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section along the BB section.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partial explosion of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation disk 1 in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation disk 2 in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the guide cone in the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide bucket in the present invention.

[0024] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the installation shell in the present invention.

[0025] in:

[0026] 11-mounting plate one; 11a-light hole one; 11b-mixing tank one; 11c-powder feeding hole; 12-mounting tube one; 13-spiral blade one; 14-mounting plate two; 14a-light hole two; 14b-mixing tank two; 14c-powder hole; 14d-mixing hole; 15-mounting tube two; 16-spiral blade two; 17-sealing ring one; 18-sealing ring two; 19-tuning fork; 20-sealed bearing one; 21-friction wheel; 22-guide cone; 22a-light hole three; 23-positioning tube; 24-sealing ring three; 25-guide bucket; 25a-powder outlet hole; 26-mixing blade; 27-positioning pin; 28-sealing ring four; 29-mounting shell; 29a-through hole; 30-sealed bearing two; 31-gear ring; 32-fixing plate; 33-fixing plate; 34-motor; 35-gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, a laser 3D printing laser cladding head includes a mounting plate 11, a mounting plate 14, a guide cone 22, a guide bucket 25 and a mounting shell 29, wherein the mounting plate 11 is coaxially arranged above the mounting plate 14, and a conical light-through hole 11a is provided at the center of the mounting plate 11, a mixing groove 11b is coaxially arranged at the lower side of the mounting plate 11, and a plurality of powder feeding holes 11c are evenly arranged above the mixing groove 11b, a conical light-through hole 14a is provided at the center of the mounting plate 14, a mixing groove 14b is coaxially arranged at the upper side of the mounting plate 14, and a plurality of powder feeding holes 14c are evenly arranged below the mixing groove 14b, a mixing hole 14d is provided between two adjacent powder feeding holes 14c, and a mixing hole 14d is provided between the mixing holes 14c. A tuning fork 19 is rotatably connected to the hole 14d through a sealed bearing 20, the guide cone 22 is coaxially arranged below the mounting plate 14, a conical light-through hole 22a is arranged at the center of the guide cone 22, and a positioning tube 23 is fixed between the light-through hole 22a and the light-through hole 11a, the guide hopper 25 is coaxially connected to the lower side of the mounting plate 14 through a positioning pin 27, and a powder outlet hole 25a is arranged at the center of the guide hopper 25, the mounting shell 29 is coaxially fixed to the outer side of the mounting plate 14 and the guide hopper 25, and a through hole 29a is arranged at the center of the mounting shell 29, a sealed bearing 30 is connected between the mounting plate 11 and the mounting shell 29, and a first annular mixing chamber is formed by a mixing tank 11b and a mixing tank 24b. Driven by the carrier gas, the metal powder enters the first mixing chamber composed of the mixing tank 1 11b and the mixing tank 2 14b through the powder delivery hole 11c, and the metal powder collides and mixes with the metal powder, the inner wall of the first mixing chamber and the tuning fork 19. After the collision, the tuning fork 19 not only vibrates at a high frequency to increase the collision frequency and collision force, but also generates sound waves of various frequencies. The sound waves of various frequencies are reflected back and forth in the annular first mixing chamber and act on the metal powder, making the movement of the metal powder more disordered, increasing The collision frequency is such that even if the mixed different metal powders are prone to stratification due to the large differences in particle size and density, a good mixing effect can still be obtained. The mixed metal powders then pass through the powder hole 14c into the gap between the guide cone 22 and the guide bucket 25, and then are evenly ejected through the through hole 29a. At the same time, the laser beam passes through the light hole 11a, the light hole 2 14a, the light hole 3 22a and the through hole 29a in sequence and is projected out. Finally, the metal powder is melted at a predetermined position under the action of the laser.

[0029] In this embodiment, the lower end of the tuning fork 19 is equipped with a friction wheel 21, which is arranged between the guide cone 22 and the guide bucket 25 and frictionally contacts the outer wall of the guide cone 22. The upper edge of the mounting shell 29 is fixed with a gear ring 31, and the top of the mounting plate 11 is evenly equipped with a plurality of fixing plates 32. The motor 34 is provided with a plurality of motors and is installed on each fixing plate 32 through a fixing sheet 33. The motor 34 is vertically arranged downward and a gear 35 is installed at its output end, and the gear 35 and the gear ring 31 are meshed with each other. After the motor 34 is driven by the gear 35 and the gear ring 31, the mounting shell 29, the mounting plate 214 and the guide bucket 25 are rotated, so that the tuning fork 19 can revolve. When the friction wheel 21 and the guide cone 22 are relatively displaced, the tuning fork 19 can also rotate, which significantly increases the collision frequency between the metal powder and the tuning fork 19.

[0030] In this embodiment, each powder feeding hole 11c is inlaid with a mounting tube 12, and a pair of spiral blades 13 are fixed in the mounting tube 12. When the metal powder passes through the powder feeding hole 11c driven by the carrier gas, the pair of (right-handed) spiral blades 13 in the mounting tube 12 can make the metal powder evenly dispersed into the first mixing chamber composed of the mixing tank 11b and the mixing tank 2 14b.

[0031] In this embodiment, each powder hole 14c is inlaid with a second mounting tube 15, and a pair of second spiral blades 16 are fixed in the second mounting tube 15. When the metal powder passes through the powder hole 14c driven by the carrier gas, the pair of second (left-handed) spiral blades 16 in the second mounting tube 15 can make the metal powder evenly dispersed into the conical second mixing chamber formed by the gap between the guide cone 22 and the guide bucket 25.

[0032] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 17 and a sealing ring 2 18 are provided between the mounting plate 1 11 and the mounting plate 2 14. The sealing ring 17 and the sealing ring 2 18 can improve the sealing performance of the first mixing chamber composed of the mixing tank 1 11b and the mixing tank 2 14b.

[0033] In this embodiment, a sealing ring 3 24 is provided between the guide cone 22 and the second mounting plate 14, and a sealing ring 4 28 is provided between the guide hopper 25 and the second mounting plate 14. The sealing ring 3 24 and the sealing ring 4 28 can improve the sealing performance of the conical second mixing chamber formed by the gap between the guide cone 22 and the guide hopper 25.

[0034] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the guide hopper 25 is integrally connected with staggered mixing blades 26, and a conical second mixing chamber is formed by the gap between the guide cone 22 and the guide hopper 25. The metal powder entering the second mixing chamber can be mixed again by the rotating mixing blades 26.

[0035] The working principle of this laser 3D printing laser cladding head:

[0036] Driven by the carrier gas, the metal powder enters the first mixing chamber composed of the mixing tank 1 11b and the mixing tank 2 14b through the powder delivery hole 11c. The metal powder will collide and mix with the metal powder, the inner wall of the first mixing chamber and the tuning fork 19. After the collision, the tuning fork 19 not only vibrates at a high frequency to increase the collision frequency and collision force, but also generates sound waves of various frequencies. The sound waves of various frequencies are reflected back and forth in the annular first mixing chamber and act on the metal powder, making the metal powder move more disordered and increasing the collision frequency. Even if the mixed metal powder is easy to Although stratification occurs due to the large differences in particle size and density, a good mixing effect can still be obtained. The mixed metal powder enters the second conical mixing chamber formed by the gap between the guide cone 22 and the guide bucket 25 through the powder hole 14c. The metal powder can be mixed again by the rotating mixing blades 26, and then evenly sprayed out through the through hole 29a. At the same time, the laser beam passes through the light hole 11a, the light hole 2 14a, the light hole 3 22a and the through hole 29a in sequence and is projected out. Finally, the metal powder is melted at the predetermined position under the action of the laser.

[0037] Therefore, the embodiments disclosed above are only illustrative in all aspects and are not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser 3D printing laser cladding head, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting plate 1 (11), a mounting plate 2 (14), a guide cone (22), a guide bucket (25) and a mounting shell (29), wherein the mounting plate 1 (11) is coaxially arranged above the mounting plate 2 (14), and a conical light-through hole 1 (11a) is arranged at the center of the mounting plate 1 (11), a mixing groove 1 (11b) is coaxially arranged at the lower side of the mounting plate 1 (11), and a plurality of powder delivery holes (11c) are evenly arranged above the mixing groove 1 (11b), a conical light-through hole 2 (14a) is arranged at the center of the mounting plate 2 (14), a mixing groove 2 (14b) is coaxially arranged at the upper side of the mounting plate 2 (14), and a plurality of powder delivery holes (14c) are evenly arranged below the mixing groove 2 (14b), a mixing hole (14d) is arranged between two adjacent powder delivery holes (14c), and a sealing shaft is provided at the mixing hole (14d). The bearing (20) is rotatably connected to a tuning fork (19); the guide cone (22) is coaxially arranged below the mounting plate (14); a conical light-through hole (22a) is arranged at the center of the guide cone (22); a positioning tube (23) is fixed between the light-through hole (22a) and the light-through hole (11a); the guide hopper (25) is coaxially connected to the lower side of the mounting plate (14) through a positioning pin (27); a powder outlet hole (25a) is arranged at the center of the guide hopper (25); the mounting shell (29) is coaxially fixed to the outer sides of the mounting plate (14) and the guide hopper (25); a through hole (29a) is arranged at the center of the mounting shell (29); a sealed bearing (30) is connected between the mounting plate (11) and the mounting shell (29); and a first mixing chamber of an annular shape is formed by the mixing tank (11b) and the mixing tank (14b).

2. A laser 3D printing laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction wheel (21) is installed at the lower end of the tuning fork (19), and the friction wheel (21) is arranged between the guide cone (22) and the guide bucket (25) and is in friction contact with the outer wall of the guide cone (22). A gear ring (31) is fixed to the upper edge of the mounting shell (29), and a plurality of fixing plates (32) are evenly installed on the top of the mounting plate (11). A plurality of motors (34) are provided and are installed on each fixing plate (32) through a fixing sheet (33). The motor (34) is arranged vertically downward and a gear (35) is installed at its output end, and the gear (35) and the gear ring (31) are meshed with each other.

3. A laser 3D printing laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each powder delivery hole (11c) is inlaid with a mounting tube (12), and a pair of spiral blades (13) are fixed in the mounting tube (12).

4. A laser 3D printing laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each powder passing hole (14c) is inlaid with a second mounting tube (15), and a pair of second spiral blades (16) are fixed in the second mounting tube (15).

5. The laser 3D printing laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring 1 (17) and a sealing ring 2 (18) are provided between the mounting plate 1 (11) and the mounting plate 2 (14).

6. A laser 3D printing laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring three (24) is provided between the guide cone (22) and the second mounting plate (14), and a sealing ring four (28) is provided between the guide hopper (25) and the second mounting plate (14).

7. The laser 3D printing laser cladding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flow guide hopper (25) is integrally connected with staggered mixing blades (26), and the gap between the flow guide cone (22) and the flow guide hopper (25) forms a conical second mixing chamber.

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