A field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of field species monitoring, and specifically relates to a field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution, including at least one monitoring station and a cloud platform; the monitoring station includes a first observation terminal and a second observation terminal connected in communication; wherein, when the climate data monitored in real time by the first observation terminal meets a pre-set first interval, a trigger sends a first switching signal; the second observation terminal receives and responds to the first switching signal, and then switches the observation mode and adjusts the observation height to capture the distribution change data of the species; the cloud platform is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data from each monitoring station, and analyze the impact of climate change on species distribution. The present invention not only achieves the goal of high efficiency and energy saving through the precise synchronization of the switching signal and the close cooperation of the observation terminal, but also greatly simplifies the operation process, so as to drive away birds, clean up and adjust the observation height of species distribution data, etc., and improve the overall work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of field species monitoring, and in particular relates to a field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution. Background Art

[0002] Although the existing field monitoring system has promoted the study of the relationship between climate change and species distribution to a certain extent, it still has significant defects and shortcomings. First, the existing ground monitoring stations lack flexible adaptability and intelligent processing capabilities when facing complex and changeable natural environments. For example, in severe weather conditions, monitoring equipment may be damaged due to the lack of effective protective measures, and lack the ability to automatically adjust the observation mode to adapt to different climatic conditions. In addition, when special circumstances occur in the monitoring area (such as the approach of animals such as birds or other emergencies), the existing system often cannot respond quickly and take necessary protective measures to avoid false alarms or equipment damage. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution, so as to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention proposes a field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution, comprising at least one monitoring station and a cloud platform connected to the monitoring station in communication; the monitoring station comprises a first observation terminal and a second observation terminal connected in communication; wherein the first observation terminal comprises a meteorological sensor and a trigger, and when the real-time monitored climate data meets a preset first interval, the trigger sends a first switching signal;

[0006] The second observation end includes a camera and a multispectral sensor, which is used to receive and respond to the first switching signal, and then switch the observation mode to adjust the observation height and capture the distribution change data of the species;

[0007] The cloud platform is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data from various monitoring stations and analyze the impact of climate change on species distribution.

[0008] Furthermore, the cloud platform includes:

[0009] The data analysis module is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data, conduct climate change trend prediction, species migration pattern recognition and ecological risk assessment, generate assessment results and transmit them to the designated terminal;

[0010] The early warning response module is used to compare the evaluation result with the preset threshold. When the comparison result shows that the climate change reaches or exceeds the preset threshold, the corresponding early warning signal is triggered, and an instruction is sent to the monitoring station through the cloud platform to adjust the observation frequency and range of the monitoring station or activate the emergency protection mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring station further comprises a fixed column, a sliding sleeve and a mounting plate, wherein the fixed column drives the sliding sleeve to move up and down through a lifting assembly arranged thereon, and the first observation end is arranged at the top of the sliding sleeve;

[0012] The mounting plate is arranged at the middle section of the sliding sleeve, the second observation end is arranged at the lower end surface of the mounting plate, the upper end surface of the mounting plate is provided with at least three fans and an air storage chamber at a central position, the upper end surface of the mounting plate is filled with an air bag connected to the air storage chamber, and an exhaust port connected to the air bag is opened, and a pressure relief valve is provided on the communication path between the air bag and the exhaust port; an air filling assembly is provided between the rotating shaft of the fan and the air storage chamber, and the air filling assembly is operated by rotating the fan to inflate the air storage chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the aeration assembly includes a disc member that rotates synchronously with the fan, a positioning shaft arranged at any non-disc center position of the disc member, a connecting rod 1 hinged on the positioning shaft, a connecting rod 2 hinged at the end of the connecting rod 1, and a sliding inflatable member hinged at the end of the connecting rod 2.

[0014] Furthermore, a mounting seat for mounting the camera and the multi-spectral sensor is provided on the lower end surface of the mounting plate; an air hole communicating with the air storage cavity is provided at the lower end of the mounting seat, and a pressure cut-off valve is provided on the communication path.

[0015] Furthermore, the first observation end also includes an ultrasonic sensor facing the mounting plate. When the real-time monitored ultrasonic data meets a preset second interval, the trigger sends a second switching signal. The second observation end is used to receive and respond to the second switching signal to terminate observation and control the pressure relief valve to open.

[0016] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a box body arranged on the side of the fixed column, a linear driving component arranged in the box body, and a sliding cavity arranged in the box body. The sliding cavity is connected to the internal air channel of the mounting seat through a telescopic hose. A sliding block is provided in the sliding cavity, and an elastic component is provided at the lower end of the sliding block. A touch switch electrically connected to the linear driving component is provided in the sliding cavity and on the moving path of the sliding block.

[0017] Furthermore, the first interval specifically corresponds to a set abnormal range of changes in temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed or wind direction in the corresponding area, and the second interval specifically corresponds to a set protection distance range between birds or debris in the corresponding area and the mounting plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention not only achieves the goal of high efficiency and energy saving through the precise synchronization of switching signals and the close cooperation with the observation end, but also greatly simplifies the operation process, so that users do not need to make cumbersome manual adjustments to drive away birds, clean up and adjust the observation height of species distribution data. The system can automatically optimize the working mode according to actual needs, reduce unnecessary energy consumption, and improve overall work efficiency.

[0020] 2. The present invention uses the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan to inflate the air storage chamber. Its design fully considers the storage and release of gas, and can accurately adjust the gas flow and pressure in the air storage chamber according to the external switching signal, such as the need to drive away birds, clean the second observation end, or start the linear drive. In the bird-driving function, the high-pressure gas released instantly forms a strong shock wave; and when cleaning the second observation end, the airflow shock can be used to simultaneously start the linear drive through the airflow, thereby further improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a system architecture diagram of the field monitoring system in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the monitoring station in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a top view of the mounting plate in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is an internal cross-sectional view of the mounting plate in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the aeration assembly in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the monitoring station in the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. fixed column; 2. sliding sleeve; 3. mounting plate; 4. lifting assembly; 5. mounting seat; 6. telescopic hose; 10. monitoring station; 20. cloud platform; 21. data analysis module; 22. early warning response module; 31. fan; 32. air bag; 33. air storage chamber; 34. exhaust port; 35. accommodating chamber; 36. power generation module; 37. gas filling assembly; 38. one-way valve; 39. pressure cut-off valve; 41. box body; 42. linear drive member; 43. slider; 44. elastic member; 45. touch switch; 100. first observation end; 101. meteorological sensor; 102. trigger; 103. ultrasonic sensor; 200. second observation end; 201. camera; 202. multi-spectral sensor; 371. disc member; 372. positioning shaft; 373. connecting rod one; 374. connecting rod two; 375. sliding inflatable member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technical personnel in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment proposes a field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution, including at least one monitoring station 10 and a cloud platform 20 that is communicatively connected to the monitoring station 10; the monitoring station 10 includes a first observation terminal 100 and a second observation terminal 200 that are communicatively connected; wherein the first observation terminal 100 includes a meteorological sensor 101 (including but not limited to a temperature and humidity sensor, a barometer, and anemometers, etc., for real-time collection and transmission of meteorological data) and a trigger 102, when the real-time monitored climate data meets a pre-set first interval, the trigger 102 sends a first switching signal; the second observation terminal 200 includes a camera 201 and a multispectral sensor 202 (the camera is used to capture the image information of the species, and the multispectral sensor can obtain the spectral information of the species, thereby more comprehensively reflecting the distribution and status of the species), which is used to receive and respond to the first switching signal, and then switch the observation mode to adjust the observation height and capture the distribution change data of the species; the cloud platform 20 is used to receive the meteorological data and species distribution change data from each monitoring station 10, and analyze the impact of climate change on species distribution.

[0031] Further preferably, the cloud platform 20 includes:

[0032] The data analysis module 21 is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data, conduct climate change trend prediction, species migration pattern recognition and ecological risk assessment, generate assessment results and transmit them to the designated terminal;

[0033] The early warning response module 22 is used to compare the evaluation results with the preset threshold value. When the comparison result shows that the climate change reaches or exceeds the preset threshold value, the corresponding early warning signal is triggered, and an instruction is sent to the monitoring station 10 through the cloud platform 20 to adjust the observation frequency and range of the monitoring station 10 or activate the emergency protection mechanism.

[0034] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the cloud platform is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data from each monitoring station and perform real-time analysis. By comparing data changes at different times and locations, the influence and trend of climate change on species distribution can be revealed (this is a prior art and will not be elaborated here). At the same time, the cloud platform also has functions such as data storage, data analysis, risk assessment, remote monitoring and early warning, and provides comprehensive data support and services. In addition, the trigger 102 is used to collect and transmit climate data in real time, and trigger a switching signal according to preset conditions.

[0035] More specifically, when the real-time monitored climate data meets the pre-set first interval, the first interval is specifically the change in the temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed or wind direction of the corresponding area within the set abnormal range, when the change in the temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed or wind direction of the corresponding area exceeds the set abnormal range, the trigger 102 will send a first switching signal to adjust the height of the second observation end 200 to facilitate the capture of images and spectral information of species in a larger range. As an example, if the abnormal range of the temperature change in the set time period of the corresponding area is T1>40°C, the change in the corresponding temperature data in the meteorological data is 41°C, and the trigger 102 sends a first switching signal.

[0036] Combination Figure 2-4, further preferably, the monitoring station 10 also includes a fixed column 1, a sleeve 2 and a mounting plate 3, the fixed column 1 drives the sleeve 2 to move up and down through the lifting assembly 4 arranged thereon, and the first observation end 100 is arranged at the top of the sleeve 2; the mounting plate 3 is arranged in the middle section of the sleeve 2, and the second observation end 200 is arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting plate 3, and the upper end surface of the mounting plate 3 is provided with at least three fans 31 and an air storage chamber 33 at a central position, and the upper end surface of the mounting plate 3 is filled with an air bag 32 connected to the air storage chamber 33 (a one-way valve 38 is provided on the communication path between the two to prevent the gas in the air bag 32 from entering the air storage chamber 33), and an exhaust port 34 connected to the air bag 32 is opened, and a pressure relief valve is provided on the communication path between the air bag 32 and the exhaust port 34; an air filling assembly 37 is provided between the rotating shaft of the fan 31 and the air storage chamber 33, and the air filling assembly 37 (the air filling assembly 37 is arranged in the accommodating chamber 35 inside the mounting plate 3) is operated by the rotation of the fan 31 to inflate the air storage chamber 33.

[0037] It should be noted that the fan 31 in the present invention is designed to generate sufficient airflow when rotating to achieve the inflation of the air storage chamber. The number of fans here is not less than three, and their sizes and configurations are adaptively set according to the wind force in the outdoor environment. This design ensures that the fan can work effectively under different wind conditions and generate stable and sufficient airflow.

[0038] As an option, Figure 4 As shown, a power generation module 36 is disposed on the rotating shaft of the fan 32, which is used to start the module 36 when the fan 32 rotates, so as to meet the power supply requirements of the electrical components in the present embodiment within a set range.

[0039] In this embodiment, in an outdoor environment, the terrain and vegetation types are diverse, and the second observation end 200 is set at the lower end of the mounting plate 3, so that the system can flexibly adjust the observation position according to the terrain undulations and vegetation distribution. For example, in mountainous or hilly areas, the second observation end 200 can be adjusted to reach an appropriate observation height by adjusting the lifting component 4; in dense forest areas, it can be closer to the ground to capture more detailed information. In addition, the multispectral sensor is set at the lower end of the mounting plate, which can more directly contact and reflect the spectral signal from the ground, reduce atmospheric interference and background noise, and improve the accuracy and reliability of spectral data.

[0040] Combination Figure 5, further preferably, the gas filling assembly 37 includes a disc 371 that rotates synchronously with the fan 31, a positioning shaft 372 disposed at any non-disc center position of the disc 371, a connecting rod 1 373 hinged on the positioning shaft 372, a connecting rod 2 374 hinged at the end of the connecting rod 1 373, and a sliding inflatable member 375 hinged at the end of the connecting rod 2 374. The lower end surface of the mounting plate 3 is provided with a mounting seat 5 for mounting the camera 201 and the multi-spectral sensor 202; the lower end of the mounting seat 5 is provided with an air hole connected to the air storage chamber 33, and a pressure cut-off valve 39 is provided on the communication path. The first observation end 100 also includes an ultrasonic sensor 103 facing the mounting plate 3. When the real-time monitored ultrasonic data meets the preset second interval (the second interval is specifically the set protection distance range between the birds or debris in the corresponding area and the mounting plate 3), the trigger 102 sends a second switching signal, and the second observation end 200 is used to receive and respond to the second switching signal to stop the observation and control the pressure relief valve to open. As an example, a circular area with a radius of 1 meter is set on the upper end of the mounting plate 3 in the corresponding area as the second interval. This distance can be adjusted according to the actual situation, but it should be ensured that it can cover the birds that may be close to the mounting plate. Trigger condition: When the ultrasonic sensor detects that a bird has entered the second interval (that is, within 1 meter of the mounting plate), the trigger sends a second switching signal. In order to avoid false alarms, we can set the sensor to trigger the switching signal only after detecting multiple signals in succession (such as 3 times) to improve accuracy.

[0041] As an implementable embodiment, in the outdoor environment, the fan 31 rotates to inflate the air storage chamber 33, and the disc 371 in the gas filling assembly 37 rotates with the fan, thereby driving the end of the second connecting rod 374 to move back and forth periodically, and its reciprocating movement is used as a power source. In this scenario, the sliding inflatable member 375 can be an air cylinder in the prior art, which is specifically a sealed cylinder with a piston provided inside. The piston is directly or indirectly connected to the free end of the connecting rod. When the connecting rod reciprocates, it drives the piston to move back and forth in the air cylinder body, thereby compressing or releasing the gas in the air cylinder. Of course, the air cylinder body is also provided with an inlet and outlet valve to assist the air cylinder in inflating the air storage chamber 33; since the air storage chamber 33 is connected to the airbag 32, the airbag 32 is in an expanded state. When the second observation end 200 receives the second switching signal (indicating that approaching birds or debris are detected in the corresponding area close to the mounting plate 3), the pressure relief valve on the communication path between the airbag 32 and the exhaust port 34 is opened, and the air is blown to the upper end surface of the mounting plate 3 through the exhaust port to prevent birds or debris from gathering.

[0042] Further preferably, the lifting assembly 4 includes a box body 41 arranged on the side of the fixed column 1, a linear driving component 42 (including but not limited to an electric push rod, a pneumatic cylinder, etc.) arranged in the box body 41, and a sliding cavity arranged in the box body 41, the sliding cavity is connected to the internal air channel of the mounting seat 5 through a telescopic hose 6, a sliding block 43 is provided in the sliding cavity, an elastic component 44 is provided at the lower end of the sliding block 43, and a touch switch 45 electrically connected to the linear driving component 42 is provided in the sliding cavity and on the moving path of the sliding block 43.

[0043] It can be understood that the lower end surface of the mounting plate 3 is used to install the mounting seat 5 for the camera and the multi-spectral sensor, as well as the air holes and pressure cut-off valve 39 (the specific internal gas pressure cut-off value can be preset) connected thereto, and other structures, so that when it is necessary to adjust the height of the mounting plate 3, the pressure cut-off valve 39 is preferentially controlled to be opened, so that an air passage is formed inside the mounting seat 5, and air is blown to the camera 201 and the multi-spectral sensor 202 through the air holes thereon, so as to avoid interference with the observation work by dust thereon during lifting and lowering observation; in addition, after a passage is formed inside the pressure cut-off valve 39, while the gas cleans the second observation end 200, some gas enters the sliding cavity of the box body 4 from the telescopic hose 6, and the gas impacts the sliding block 43 to slide, compressing the elastic member 44 until it contacts the touch switch 45, and then the linear drive member 42 is energized, and its output end drives the sliding sleeve 2 to move up and down along the fixed column 1, so as to realize the function of adjusting the height of the second observation end 200.

[0044] According to the above embodiment of the present invention, the present invention uses the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan 31 to inflate the air storage chamber 33. As one of the core components of the present invention, the design of the air storage chamber 33 fully considers the storage and release of gas. It can automatically adjust the gas flow and pressure in the air storage chamber accurately according to the external switching signal (such as the need to drive away birds, clean the second observation end or start the linear drive component). In the bird-repelling function, the instantaneously released high-pressure gas is used to form a strong shock wave; and when cleaning the second observation end, the airflow shock is used while the linear drive component can be started synchronously through the airflow, thereby further improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0045] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the embodiments of the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. In addition, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. Multiple units, modules or devices stated in the system, device or terminal claims can also be implemented by the same unit, module or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and do not indicate any particular order.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution, characterized by: The invention comprises at least one monitoring station (10) and a cloud platform (20) which is communicatively connected to the monitoring station (10); the monitoring station (10) comprises a first observation terminal (100) and a second observation terminal (200) which are communicatively connected; wherein: The first observation end (100) comprises a meteorological sensor (101) and a trigger (102); when the climate data monitored in real time meets a preset first interval, the trigger (102) sends a first switching signal; The second observation end (200) comprises a camera (201) and a multispectral sensor (202), which is used to receive and respond to the first switching signal, and then switch the observation mode to adjust the observation height and capture the distribution change data of the species; The cloud platform (20) is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data from each monitoring station (10) and analyze the impact of climate change on species distribution; The monitoring station (10) further comprises a fixed column (1), a sliding sleeve (2) and a mounting plate (3); the fixed column (1) drives the sliding sleeve (2) to move up and down via a lifting assembly (4) arranged thereon, and the first observation end (100) is arranged at the top of the sliding sleeve (2); The mounting plate (3) is arranged at the middle section of the sliding sleeve (2); the second observation end (200) is arranged at the lower end surface of the mounting plate (3); the upper end surface of the mounting plate (3) is provided with at least three fans (31) and an air storage chamber (33) at a central position; the upper end surface of the mounting plate (3) is filled with an air bag (32) communicating with the air storage chamber (33) and is provided with an exhaust port (34) communicating with the air bag (32); a pressure relief valve is arranged on the communication path between the air bag (32) and the exhaust port (34); an air filling assembly (37) is arranged between the rotating shaft of the fan (31) and the air storage chamber (33); the air filling assembly (37) is operated by the rotation of the fan (31) to inflate the air storage chamber (33); The aeration assembly (37) comprises a disk member (371) that rotates synchronously with the fan (31), a positioning shaft (372) disposed at any non-disk center position of the disk member (371), a first connecting rod (373) hinged on the positioning shaft (372), a second connecting rod (374) hinged at the end of the first connecting rod (373), and a sliding inflatable member (375) hinged at the end of the second connecting rod (374).

2. The field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloud platform (20) comprises: A data analysis module (21) is used to receive meteorological data and species distribution change data, perform climate change trend prediction, species migration pattern recognition and ecological risk assessment, generate assessment results and transmit them to a designated terminal; The early warning response module (22) is used to compare the evaluation result with a preset threshold value, and when the comparison result shows that the climate change reaches or exceeds the preset threshold value, trigger a corresponding early warning signal, and send an instruction to the monitoring station (10) through the cloud platform (20) to adjust the observation frequency and range of the monitoring station (10) or activate an emergency protection mechanism.

3. The field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting seat (5) for mounting the camera (201) and the multi-spectral sensor (202) is provided on the lower end surface of the mounting plate (3); an air hole communicating with the air storage chamber (33) is provided at the lower end of the mounting seat (5); a pressure cut-off valve (39) is provided on the communication path.

4. The field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first observation end (100) further comprises an ultrasonic sensor (103) facing the mounting plate (3); when the ultrasonic data monitored in real time meets a preset second interval, the trigger (102) sends a second switching signal; the second observation end (200) is used to receive and respond to the second switching signal to terminate observation and control the pressure relief valve to open.

5. The field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (4) comprises a box body (41) arranged on the side of the fixing column (1), a linear driving member (42) arranged in the box body (41), and a sliding cavity arranged in the box body (41); the sliding cavity is connected to the internal air passage of the mounting seat (5) through a telescopic hose (6); a sliding block (43) is arranged in the sliding cavity; an elastic member (44) is arranged at the lower end of the sliding block (43); and a touch switch (45) electrically connected to the linear driving member (42) is arranged in the sliding cavity and on the moving path of the sliding block (43).

6. The field monitoring system for studying the impact of climate change on species distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first interval specifically corresponds to a region where the change in temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed or wind direction is within a set abnormal range, and the second interval specifically corresponds to a set protection distance range between birds or debris in the corresponding region and the mounting plate (3).

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