Overvoltage protection assembly and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an overvoltage protection assembly and system of a voltage-sensitive nonlinear element structure. The assembly comprises an insulating core tube, a plurality of nonlinear elements, a first electrode, a second electrode, an insulating cylinder, a cooling fan and a temperature sensor. The assembly can perform forced air cooling on the nonlinear element, and is timely in response, good in cooling effect, simple and compact in structure and easy to integrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an overvoltage protection component and system composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements. Background Art

[0002] The zinc oxide lightning arrester is mainly composed of zinc oxide valve plates, and its properties belong to varistor. The voltage-sensitive nonlinear element of the present invention also belongs to the category of varistor. Under normal working voltage, the varistor value is very large, which is equivalent to a high-resistance state. However, under the action of impulse voltage (greater than the varistor voltage), the varistor is low-resistance conductive, which is similar to a short-circuit state. However, after the voltage is reduced, the conductive state of the varistor can be restored to a high-resistance state. Therefore, after the zinc oxide lightning arrester is installed on the power line, when lightning strikes, the high voltage of the lightning wave turns on the varistor, and the lightning current flows into the earth through the varistor, releasing its overvoltage energy, so that the voltage on the power line can be controlled within a safe range, protecting the safety of electrical equipment. The zinc oxide lightning arrester is an electrical product used to protect various electrical equipment in the power system from external overvoltage damage, and has good protection performance. Because the nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics of the zinc oxide valve plate are very good, only tens of microamperes of current pass through under normal working voltage, which is convenient to design into a gapless structure, so that it has the characteristics of good protection performance, light weight and small size. When overvoltage occurs, the current flowing through the valve plate increases rapidly, limiting the amplitude of the overvoltage and releasing the energy of the overvoltage. After that, the zinc oxide valve plate returns to a high resistance state, allowing the power system to work normally.

[0003] However, for operating conditions where the frequency of internal overvoltage is high or the energy is large and the duration is long, the energy capacity of the valve plate of the ordinary zinc oxide lightning arrester cannot withstand it. The voltage-sensitive nonlinear element of the present invention can overcome the key technical problem that the energy capacity of various traditional zinc oxide lightning arresters is seriously insufficient. The voltage-sensitive nonlinear element allows ultra-large currents of tens of thousands of amperes to pass through instantly, but the flow time is limited (measured in microseconds). Once the flow time exceeds the limit, the element will heat up rapidly. If it is not prevented and suppressed, thermal collapse may occur and damage it, causing the system to lose protection. Even if there is no immediate thermal collapse by chance, the aging of the component will be accelerated due to the accumulated thermal damage caused by frequent operation at high temperatures.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN110718345A provides a lightning arrester, a lightning arrester cooling assembly and a power transmission system. The solution is to place the lightning arrester in a cooling container, and to set a cooling component in the cooling container to reduce the temperature in the cooling container. Specifically, an evaporator or an ice bag is used to cool the lightning arrester from the outside of the lightning arrester. The structure is relatively complex, and it is difficult to implement, especially for high-voltage electrical equipment, and the cost will be very high, the volume will be large, the cooling effect will be poor, and the response speed will be slow. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides an overvoltage protection component and system composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements, comprising:

[0007] The insulating core tube is in the shape of a straight tube;

[0008] A plurality of nonlinear elements, all in annular shape and all surrounding the insulating core tube, are stacked along the length direction of the insulating core tube, and adjacent nonlinear elements are electrically connected by pressure contact;

[0009] A first electrode surrounds the insulating core tube and is disposed on a first end surface of the plurality of nonlinear elements as a whole, and is electrically connected to the plurality of nonlinear elements;

[0010] A second electrode surrounds the insulating core tube and is disposed on a second end surface of the plurality of nonlinear elements as a whole, and is electrically connected to the plurality of nonlinear elements;

[0011] An insulating cylinder, surrounding the plurality of nonlinear elements, the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the direction in which the first end of the insulating cylinder points to the second end is the same as the direction in which the first electrode points to the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode can both be electrically connected to a structure outside the insulating cylinder;

[0012] A heat dissipation fan is fixed at the second end of the insulating cylinder, leaving a gap between the heat dissipation fan and the insulating core tube, and can be connected to the main controller outside the insulating cylinder for communication, and the air outlet direction points to the first end of the insulating cylinder, forming a central heat dissipation air channel from the heat dissipation fan to the insulating core tube and then out of the insulating cylinder through the first end of the insulating cylinder;

[0013] The temperature sensor is fixedly arranged relative to the insulating cylinder, is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of nonlinear elements, and can be connected to the master controller for communication.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes an insulating mounting plate, the second end of the insulating tube is fixed on the first plane surface of the insulating mounting plate, the heat dissipation fan is fixed on the second plane surface of the insulating mounting plate, and a fourth through hole is opened on the insulating mounting plate, and the fourth through hole is connected to the internal space of the insulating tube.

[0015] Optionally, it further comprises a dust cover covering the first end of the insulating tube, and ventilation holes are provided around the side of the dust cover.

[0016] Optionally, it further includes an insulating sealing resin, wrapping the first electrode and the second electrode;

[0017] It also includes silicone rubber, which fills the gap between the insulating tube and the nonlinear element and the gap between the nonlinear element and the insulating core tube.

[0018] Optionally, a current sensor is further included, which is installed outside the insulating cylinder and is used to detect the current flowing through the multiple nonlinear elements and can be communicated with the main controller.

[0019] Optionally, the temperature sensor contacts the outer peripheral surface of the nonlinear element through the opening on the side wall of the insulating cylinder.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an overvoltage protection system composed of a voltage-sensitive nonlinear element, comprising a main controller and the above-mentioned overvoltage protection component, wherein the main controller is communicatively connected with the temperature sensor and the heat dissipation fan, and the main controller is configured to start the heat dissipation fan when the temperature of the nonlinear element is greater than a first temperature threshold, and the heat dissipation fan is always in a stopped state when the temperature is lower than the first threshold.

[0021] Optionally, the first electrode is connected to a first end of the protected device, the second electrode is connected to a second end of the protected device, the overvoltage protection system further includes a disconnecting structure, the disconnecting structure is connected between the first electrode and the first end of the protected device or the disconnecting structure is connected between the second electrode and the second end of the protected device, and the main controller is configured to disconnect the disconnecting structure when the temperature of the nonlinear element is greater than a second temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0022] Optionally, the above-mentioned current sensor is provided in the overvoltage protection component, and the main controller is further configured to disconnect the circuit breaking structure when the current sensor detects that the current is greater than a set current threshold.

[0023] When in use, the overvoltage protection component is connected to both ends of the protected device to provide overvoltage protection for the protected device. When the overvoltage state lasts for a long time, the temperature of the nonlinear element rises, which can trigger the heat dissipation fan to force air cooling to dissipate heat from the nonlinear element. The heat dissipation fan starts and responds quickly, thereby quickly reducing the temperature of the nonlinear element, greatly increasing the effective operating time of the nonlinear element. In addition, since the central heat dissipation air channel passes through the inside of the nonlinear element, the heat dissipation effect is good and the temperature of the nonlinear element can be quickly reduced. Furthermore, the overvoltage protection component has a simple and compact structure, does not require the connection of complex equipment such as an evaporator, and does not require manual addition of ice cubes, and can be integrated inside the casing of the protected device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the overvoltage protection component and system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 and Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0026] Figure 4 It is a partial circuit block diagram of the overvoltage protection system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a partial circuit diagram of the overvoltage protection system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is another partial circuit diagram of the overvoltage protection system of the present invention.

[0029] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. dust cover; 2. first bolt; 3. fixing block; 4. first bracket; 5. insulating sealing resin; 6. first lead; 7. first electrode; 8. first outlet seat; 9. second bolt; 10. silicone rubber; 11. insulating cylinder; 12. nonlinear element; 13. insulating core tube; 14. central heat dissipation air channel; 15. second electrode; 16. fixing screw; 17. first plug structure; 18. second outlet seat; 19. heat dissipation fan; 20. third bolt; 21. insulating mounting plate; 22. mounting foot; 23. main controller; 24. temperature measuring optical fiber; 25. fourth bolt; 26. plug; 27. second lead; 28. current sensor lead; 29. ​​current sensor; 30. mounting bolt; 31. fifth bolt; 32. sixth bolt; 33. circuit breaker; 34. power bus; 35. common ground bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0031] refer to Figures 1 to 3 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an overvoltage protection component, comprising:

[0032] The insulating core tube 13 is in the shape of a straight tube;

[0033] A plurality of nonlinear elements 12, all in annular shape and all surrounding the insulating core tube 13, are stacked along the length direction of the insulating core tube 13, and adjacent nonlinear elements 12 are electrically connected by pressure contact;

[0034] The first electrode 7 surrounds the insulating core tube 13 and is disposed on the first end surface of the plurality of nonlinear elements 12 as a whole, and is electrically connected to the plurality of nonlinear elements 12;

[0035] The second electrode 15 surrounds the insulating core tube 13 and is disposed on the second end surface of the plurality of nonlinear elements 12 as a whole, and is electrically connected to the plurality of nonlinear elements 12;

[0036] An insulating tube 11 surrounds the plurality of nonlinear elements 12, the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 15. The direction in which the first end of the insulating tube 11 points to the second end is the same as the direction in which the first electrode 7 points to the second electrode 15. Both the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 15 can be electrically connected to the structure outside the insulating tube 11.

[0037] The heat dissipation fan 19 is fixed at the second end of the insulation cylinder 11, with a spacing between it and the insulation core tube 13, and can be connected to the main controller 23 outside the insulation cylinder 11 for communication, and the air outlet direction points to the first end of the insulation cylinder 11, forming a central heat dissipation air channel 14 from the heat dissipation fan 19 to the insulation core tube 13 and then flowing out of the insulation cylinder 11 through the first end of the insulation cylinder 11;

[0038] The temperature sensor is fixedly arranged relative to the insulating cylinder 11 , is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of nonlinear elements 12 , and can be connected to the main controller 23 for communication.

[0039] Figures 1 to 3 The direction of the middle arrow is the direction of wind flow. In this embodiment, the second electrode 15 is located below the first electrode 7, the overvoltage protection component is placed vertically, and the wind blows from bottom to top. In other embodiments, the overvoltage protection component can also be placed horizontally, that is, the direction of wind flow is basically horizontal.

[0040] Preferably, the material of the nonlinear element 12 adopts the high-energy and high-residual-voltage-ratio nonlinear resistor provided by Chinese invention patent CN114914042B, which can be used to prepare a ring structure with a larger size than ZnO or other known nonlinear materials.

[0041] The current passing through the nonlinear element 12 is mainly concentrated near its outer circumference due to the skin effect, and the difference in effective cross-section between the annular nonlinear element 12 and the circular nonlinear element 12 can be ignored, and has no substantial effect on the current discharge capacity. Furthermore, the hollow part of the annular nonlinear element 12 provides a channel for forced air cooling.

[0042] The temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor is used as a basis for starting the heat dissipation fan 19 . When the temperature of the nonlinear element 12 is high, the heat dissipation fan 19 is triggered to start and force air cooling on the nonlinear element 12 from the inside of the nonlinear element 12 .

[0043] Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the temperature sensor (not shown) is connected to the master controller 23 through the temperature measuring optical fiber 24. In other embodiments, the temperature sensor is electrically connected or bus-connected to the master controller 23. A fifth through hole is provided on the insulating cylinder 11 for the temperature measuring optical fiber 24 to be led out.

[0044] The present invention does not limit the type and position of the temperature sensor. For example, the temperature sensor may contact the nonlinear element 12, or may be separated from the nonlinear element 12 by other structures. That is, the temperature of the nonlinear element 12 may be measured directly or indirectly. Preferably, the temperature sensor contacts the outer peripheral surface of the nonlinear element 12 through the opening in the side wall of the insulating tube 11 and is fixed relative to the insulating tube 11. In this way, the temperature data is direct and effective, and the interference is minimized. In other embodiments, there is a set interval between the temperature sensor and the insulating tube 11.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment, a current sensor 29 is further included, which is installed outside the insulating cylinder 11, and a second lead 27 passes through the central window of the current sensor 29, and is used to detect the current flowing through the multiple nonlinear elements 12, and can also be connected to the master controller 23. The current sensor lead 28 connects the current sensor 29 to the master controller 23. When the current sensor 29 detects that the current is greater than the set current threshold, the master controller 23 disconnects the circuit breaker, the isolation trolley and other circuit breaker structures.

[0046] Figure 2 The main controller 23 shown also integrates a display screen and buttons for human-computer interaction.

[0047] The material of the insulating tube 11 is, for example, vacuum cast epoxy resin, which has high dielectric strength, good mechanical properties, low water absorption, and good aging resistance stability.

[0048] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 In the left side portion of the middle insulating core tube 13, a first through hole is formed on the insulating tube 11, and a first groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode 7, and the opening of the first groove points to the first through hole; the overvoltage protection component also includes a first outlet seat 8 made of a conductor, and the first outlet seat 8 is in a boss shape, and the bottom of the first outlet seat 8 is against the outer peripheral surface of the insulating tube 11, and the top of the first outlet seat 8 is inserted into the first groove through the first through hole and is in conductive contact with the first electrode 7.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first groove extends to the surface of the first electrode 7 on the side facing away from the nonlinear element 12, and the first bracket 4 blocks the opening of the first groove on the surface of the first electrode 7 on the side facing away from the nonlinear element 12. The first bolt 2 passes through the first bracket 4 and the first outlet seat 8 to fasten the first bracket 4, the first outlet seat 8 and the first electrode 7 along the axial direction of the insulating cylinder 11.

[0050] In other embodiments, the first groove only forms an opening on the outer circumference of the first electrode 7 .

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first electrode 7 is in the shape of an annular flat plate.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, a groove is formed on the surface of the first outlet seat 8 facing away from the first electrode 7, and the second bolt 9 passes through the first lead 6 and is inserted into the groove on the surface of the first outlet seat 8 facing away from the first electrode 7, thereby fastening the first outlet seat 8 and the insulation cylinder 11 along the radial direction of the insulation cylinder 11.

[0053] In other embodiments, the first lead 6 may also be fixed to the first outlet seat 8 by welding or plug connection. The first lead 6 is used to connect the protected device.

[0054] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 In the part on the right side of the middle insulating core tube 13, a second groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the insulating tube 11, and a third groove is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first electrode 7, the opening of the second groove and the opening of the third groove are opposite to each other, and the third groove extends to the surface of the first electrode 7 facing away from the nonlinear element 12; the overvoltage protection component also includes a fixing block 3, a first bolt 2 and an annular first bracket 4, the first bracket 4 surrounds the insulating core tube 13 and is located on the side of the first electrode 7 facing away from the nonlinear element 12, the fixing block 3 is in a boss shape, the bottom of the fixing block 3 is inserted into the second groove, the top of the fixing block 3 is inserted into the third groove, and the first bolt 2 is used to fasten the first bracket 4, the fixing block 3 and the first electrode 7.

[0055] During assembly, the fixing block 3 is first placed, and then the first electrode 7 and the first bracket 4 are respectively placed, and then the first bolt 2 is fixed. Such a design facilitates the assembly of the fixing block 3, the first electrode 7 and the first bracket 4.

[0056] The first bracket 4 is a good conductor. The insulating sealing resin 5 wraps the exposed surface of the first bracket 4 , thereby wrapping the first electrode 7 .

[0057] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The left side part of the insulating core tube 13 in the overvoltage protection assembly is provided with a second through hole on the insulating tube 11, and a fourth groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second electrode 15, and the opening of the fourth groove points to the second through hole; the overvoltage protection assembly also includes a second outlet seat 18 made of a conductor, and the second outlet seat 18 is in a boss shape. The bottom of the second outlet seat 18 is against the outer peripheral surface of the insulating tube 11, and the top of the second outlet seat 18 is inserted into the fourth groove through the second through hole and is in conductive contact with the second electrode 15.

[0058] Specifically, the first plug structure 17 (such as a bolt) passes through the second outlet seat 18 and is inserted into the fourth groove to tighten the second outlet seat 18 along the radial direction of the insulating cylinder 11. In this embodiment, the second outlet seat 18 is used as a standby element and is not started. The first plug structure 17 is separated from the second outlet seat 18, and the second outlet seat 18 can be wrapped with an insulating cover (not shown) or an insulating sealing resin (not shown) to isolate the second outlet seat 18 from the outside of the overvoltage protection assembly.

[0059] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 In the right part of the insulating core tube 13, a third through hole is opened on the insulating tube 11, and a fifth groove is opened on the outer peripheral surface of the second electrode 15, and the opening of the fifth groove points to the third through hole; the overvoltage protection component also includes a second plug structure made of a conductor, the second plug structure is inserted into the fifth groove through the third through hole, and the second plug structure is in conductive contact with the second electrode 15.

[0060] The second plug structure is a good conductor and is used to lead the current to the outside of the insulating tube 11 .

[0061] Preferably, when an overvoltage occurs, the resistance of the second plug structure is smaller than the resistance of the single non-linear element 12 .

[0062] Specifically, the fourth bolt 25 and the plug 26 constitute a second plug structure. The fourth bolt 25 is inserted into the fifth groove through the third through hole, a thread groove is provided at the bottom of the fourth bolt 25, and the plug 26 is inserted into the thread groove at the bottom of the bolt after passing through the second lead wire. In this way, the second electrode 15 is tightened along the radial direction of the insulating cylinder 11, and the current is led out of the insulating cylinder 11.

[0063] In other embodiments, the second lead wire is welded or plugged onto the second plug structure.

[0064] In some other embodiments, the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 15 introduce and extract the current from the openings at both ends of the insulating tube 11 .

[0065] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The overvoltage protection component also includes an insulating mounting plate 21, the second end of the insulating cylinder 11 is fixed on the first plane surface of the insulating mounting plate 21, the heat dissipation fan 19 is fixed on the second plane surface of the insulating mounting plate 21, and a fourth through hole is opened on the insulating mounting plate 21, and the fourth through hole is communicated with the internal space of the insulating cylinder 11.

[0066] Specifically, the third bolt 20 sequentially passes through the insulating mounting plate 21 and the second end surface of the insulating cylinder 11. Another fifth bolt 31 sequentially passes through the housing of the heat dissipation fan 19 and the insulating mounting plate 21, thereby achieving the installation of the heat dissipation fan 19.

[0067] Specifically, the insulating mounting plate 21 is fixed to the mounting foot 22 by the sixth bolt 32 .

[0068] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 , further comprising a dust cover 1 covering the first end of the insulating tube 11, and a vent hole is provided on the dust cover 1. In this embodiment, the vent hole is provided on the side of the dust cover 1 around to reduce the amount of dust entering the insulating tube 11.

[0069] Optionally, it further includes a silicone rubber 10 filling the gap between the insulating tube 11 and the nonlinear element 12 and the gap between the nonlinear element 12 and the insulating core tube 13 ; and the insulating sealing resin 5 wraps the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 15 .

[0070] In order to make each nonlinear element 12 smoothly inserted into the insulating core tube 13, a certain gap will be generated between the central hole of the nonlinear element 12 and the insulating core tube 13; after assembly, the insulating tube 11 needs to be smoothly inserted outside the nonlinear element 12, and a certain gap needs to be generated between the assembled whole of the nonlinear element 12 and the inner circumference of the insulating tube 11. Silicone rubber 10 needs to be filled and filled after curing. Insulating sealing resin 5 is filled between the entire surface above the first bracket 4, the entire surface below the second electrode 15 and the inner wall of the insulating tube 11.

[0071] After being cured, the insulating sealing resin 5 will no longer flow, and a firm protective layer is formed to make the overall structure more stable.

[0072] The insulating sealing resin 5 also plays an electrical insulating role, ensuring the normal operation of electrical equipment and circuits. In a high voltage environment, it can withstand a large electric field strength without being broken down, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0073] The insulating sealing resin 5 also plays a sealing role, preventing water and moisture from entering the sealed components, thereby improving the reliability of the overvoltage protection component.

[0074] The insulating sealing resin 5 also plays a role in heat protection and has a certain thermal conductivity, which can help heat to be transferred from the nonlinear element 12 to the outside, dissipate heat quickly, and dissipate air heat more effectively to prevent thermal collapse.

[0075] Silicone rubber 10 has good fluidity and can effectively fill gaps, play a role in waterproof and dustproof sealing, and protect the internal circuit from the external environment. Silicone rubber 10 has excellent flexibility and elasticity. It can bend, stretch and twist over a large range without breaking or damaging. Silicone rubber 10 can play a good sealing role in complex shapes, irregular surfaces, and narrow gaps; Silicone rubber 10 has good insulation properties to prevent short circuits and leakage.

[0076] Silicone rubber 10 has high temperature resistance and can maintain stable performance in a wide temperature range. The use of silicone rubber insulating material can ensure normal operation in high temperature environments.

[0077] Since the heat dissipation fan 19 is a low voltage device and the nonlinear element 12 works in a high voltage state, the two should maintain a reasonable insulation distance. Optionally, the distance between the insulating core tube 13 and the heat dissipation fan 19 is determined by the voltage level of the use environment. Generally, the higher the voltage level, the greater the required insulation distance.

[0078] Figure 1 The assembly process of the overvoltage protection assembly shown is as follows. First, fix the insulating core tube 13 in the center hole of the second electrode 15; then insert the assembled nonlinear element 12 into the insulating core tube 13 in sequence, and finally insert the first electrode 7 and press and fix it; then put the insulating tube 11 on the outside of the nonlinear element 12, use the first plug structure 17 to penetrate the second outlet seat 18 and fix the second electrode 15 together with the fourth bolt 25, and use the fixing block 3 and the first outlet seat 8 to fix the first electrode 7 and the nonlinear element 12; pot the silicone rubber 10, and fix the temperature sensor and the temperature measuring optical fiber 24, and after the silicone rubber 10 is cured, use the first bolt 2 (specifically a hexagon socket bolt) to fix the first bracket 4, the fixing block 3 and the first outlet seat 8; use the fixing screw 1 6 Fix the first outlet seat 8 and the second outlet seat 18 firmly, and use the third bolt 20 to install the insulating cylinder 11 on the insulating mounting plate 21; between the entire surface of the second electrode 15 and the inner wall of the insulating cylinder 11, and the entire surface of the first bracket 4 and the first bolt 2, fill the insulating sealing resin 5 and complete the curing; cover the first end of the insulating cylinder 11 with the dust cover 1; install the heat dissipation fan 19, and then fix the installation foot 22 with the sixth bolt 32; the second bolt 9 passes through the first lead 6 and is inserted into the first outlet seat 8 and fixed; after the second lead 27 is led out from the cock 26 and inserted into the current sensor 29, the end of the second lead 27 is connected to the common ground bus 35 using the mounting bolt 30. The current sensor lead 28 connects the current sensor 29 to the main controller 23.

[0079] Based on the same inventive concept, Figures 4 to 6 Combined with Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of the present invention further provides an overvoltage protection system, including a main controller 23 and the above-mentioned overvoltage protection component, the main controller 23 is communicatively connected with the temperature sensor and the heat dissipation fan 19 (specifically connected to the fan controller of the heat dissipation fan 19), and the main controller 23 is configured to start the heat dissipation fan 19 when the temperature of the nonlinear element 12 is greater than a first temperature threshold, and the heat dissipation fan is always in a stopped state when the temperature is lower than the first threshold.

[0080] refer to Figure 5 When in use, the first electrode 7 is connected to the first end of the protected device (e.g., connected to the power bus 34), and the second electrode 15 is connected to the second end of the protected device (e.g., connected to the common ground bus 35). The number of overvoltage protection components can be one or more, and multiple overvoltage protection components can be connected in parallel and / or in series.

[0081] Optionally, refer to Figure 6The overvoltage protection system also includes a circuit breaker 33, which is connected between the first electrode 7 and the first end of the protected device or between the second electrode 15 and the second end of the protected device. The main controller 23 is configured to disconnect the circuit breaker 33 when the temperature of the nonlinear element 12 is greater than a second temperature threshold, and the second temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold.

[0082] The circuit breaker 33 may also be replaced by a circuit breaker structure such as an isolating trolley.

[0083] When the temperature of the nonlinear element 12 is too high, the main controller 23 automatically cuts off the connection between the nonlinear element 12 and the power bus 34 .

[0084] In the embodiments of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A current sensor 29 is also provided on the circuit path of the overvoltage protection component, and the main controller 23 can also control the circuit breaker 33 to disconnect when the current exceeds the limit.

[0085] The overvoltage protection system of the present invention is suitable for processing both internal overvoltage of the system and external overvoltage such as lightning strike.

[0086] The various embodiments of the present invention are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0087] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. If these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements, characterized in that: include: The insulating core tube is in the shape of a straight tube; A plurality of nonlinear elements, all in annular shape and all surrounding the insulating core tube, are stacked along the length direction of the insulating core tube, and adjacent nonlinear elements are electrically connected by pressure contact; A first electrode surrounds the insulating core tube and is disposed on a first end surface of the plurality of nonlinear elements as a whole, and is electrically connected to the plurality of nonlinear elements; A second electrode surrounds the insulating core tube and is disposed on a second end surface of the plurality of nonlinear elements as a whole, and is electrically connected to the plurality of nonlinear elements; An insulating cylinder, surrounding the plurality of nonlinear elements, the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the direction in which the first end of the insulating cylinder points to the second end is the same as the direction in which the first electrode points to the second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode can both be electrically connected to a structure outside the insulating cylinder; A heat dissipation fan is fixed at the second end of the insulating cylinder, leaving a gap between the heat dissipation fan and the insulating core tube, and can be connected to the main controller outside the insulating cylinder for communication, and the air outlet direction points to the first end of the insulating cylinder, forming a central heat dissipation air channel from the heat dissipation fan to the insulating core tube and then out of the insulating cylinder through the first end of the insulating cylinder; The temperature sensor is fixedly arranged relative to the insulating cylinder, is used to detect the temperature of the plurality of nonlinear elements, and can be connected to the master controller for communication.

2. The overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating mounting plate, the second end of the insulating tube is fixed on the first plane surface of the insulating mounting plate, the heat dissipation fan is fixed on the second plane surface of the insulating mounting plate, and a fourth through hole is opened on the insulating mounting plate, and the fourth through hole is connected to the internal space of the insulating tube.

3. The overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust cover covering the first end of the insulation tube, and ventilation holes are arranged around the side of the dust cover.

4. The overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is an insulating sealing resin, which wraps the first electrode and the second electrode; It also includes silicone rubber, which fills the gap between the insulating tube and the nonlinear element and the gap between the nonlinear element and the insulating core tube.

5. The overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a current sensor, which is installed outside the insulating cylinder and is used to detect the current flowing through the multiple nonlinear elements and can be connected to the master controller for communication.

6. The overvoltage protection component composed of voltage-sensitive nonlinear elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor contacts the outer peripheral surface of the nonlinear element through the opening of the side wall of the insulating cylinder.

7. An overvoltage protection system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an overvoltage protection component composed of a main controller and a voltage-sensitive nonlinear element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main controller is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the heat dissipation fan for communication, and the main controller is configured to start the heat dissipation fan when the temperature of the nonlinear element is greater than a first temperature threshold, and the heat dissipation fan is always in a shutdown state when the temperature is lower than the first threshold.

8. The overvoltage protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first electrode is connected to a first end of a protected device, the second electrode is connected to a second end of the protected device, the overvoltage protection system further comprises a disconnecting structure, the disconnecting structure is connected between the first electrode and the first end of the protected device or the disconnecting structure is connected between the second electrode and the second end of the protected device, the main controller is further configured to disconnect the disconnecting structure when the temperature of the nonlinear element is greater than a second temperature threshold, the second temperature threshold being greater than the first temperature threshold.

9. The overvoltage protection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The overvoltage protection component of the voltage-sensitive nonlinear element structure is the overvoltage protection component of the voltage-sensitive nonlinear element structure as claimed in claim 5, and the main controller is further configured to disconnect the circuit breaking structure when the current sensor detects that the current is greater than a set current threshold.

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