Non-contact distribution line tower footing displacement measurement optical device and measurement method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-contact distribution line tower footing displacement measurement optical device and a measurement method thereof, and relates to the technical field of displacement measurement, the non-contact distribution line tower footing displacement measurement optical device comprises a coherent light source, the coherent light source is used for providing a coherent light beam to irradiate on the structure surface of a measured object and generating a reflected light beam, and an included angle is formed between the coherent light beam and the reflected light beam; the beam splitting assembly and the coherent light source are located in the same side direction of the measured object, and the beam splitting assembly comprises a beam splitter and a reflector; the detection assembly comprises a photoelectric receiver and a sensor; the beam splitter is used for receiving the reflected light beam and splitting the reflected light beam into two beams, one beam is reflected on the photoelectric receiver on the beam splitter, and the other beam is split on the reflector and is reflected on the photoelectric receiver by the reflector; the sensor is used for converting the light intensity change signal into displacement. By adopting the scheme, high-precision and high-efficiency displacement measurement can be realized through non-contact measurement without contacting a measured object.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of displacement measurement, and in particular to a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tower base of a distribution line is an important part of the transmission line, and its stability directly affects the safe and stable operation of the transmission line. Tower base displacement refers to the horizontal and vertical movement of the tower base, which may be caused by factors such as foundation settlement, earthquake, wind, and freezing. Excessive tower base displacement may cause problems such as tower tilt, loose conductors, and insulator shedding, which in turn may cause line failures or even safety accidents.

[0003] Traditional methods for measuring the displacement of distribution line tower foundations mainly include mechanical measurement and total station measurement. Mechanical measurement methods usually require the measuring instrument to be directly installed on the tower foundation and measured through mechanical devices. The operation is cumbersome, inefficient, and easily affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Although the total station measurement method has high accuracy, it requires professional operators, and the measurement process is time-consuming, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of rapid measurement and real-time monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and aims to provide a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base and a method thereof. By adopting this scheme, high-precision and high-efficiency displacement measurement can be achieved through non-contact measurement without contacting the measured object.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base, comprising:

[0007] A coherent light source, the coherent light source is used to provide a coherent light beam to irradiate the structural surface of the object to be measured and generate a reflected light beam, and there is an angle between the coherent light beam and the reflected light beam;

[0008] A beam splitting component, wherein the beam splitting component and the coherent light source are both located on the same side of the object to be measured, and the beam splitting component includes a beam splitter and a reflector;

[0009] A detection component, the detection component comprising a photoelectric receiver and a sensor;

[0010] The beam splitter is used to receive the reflected light beam and to split the reflected light beam into two beams, one beam is reflected on the photoelectric receiver by the beam splitter, and the other beam is split on the reflector and reflected by the reflector onto the photoelectric receiver;

[0011] The photoelectric receiver is used to receive a light intensity change signal, and the sensor is used to convert the light intensity change signal into a displacement.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the mechanical measurement method usually requires the measuring instrument to be directly installed on the tower base and the measurement is performed through a mechanical device, which is cumbersome to operate, inefficient, and easily affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Although the total station measurement method has high accuracy, it requires professional operators, and the measurement process is time-consuming, and it is difficult to meet the needs of rapid measurement and real-time monitoring. The present invention provides a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of the tower base of a distribution line and a measurement method thereof. By adopting this solution, high-precision and high-efficiency displacement measurement can be achieved through non-contact measurement without contacting the object to be measured. The specific scheme includes a coherent light source that can provide a stable coherent light beam as the light source in the measurement process. When the coherent light beam is incident on the structural surface of the object to be measured, the coherent light beam has a certain pitch angle relative to the structural surface, so that reflection occurs. The path of the reflected light beam is located within the receiving surface range of the beam splitter. The reflected light beam is split by the beam splitter and divided into two beams of light. One beam of light is directly reflected and received by a photoelectric receiver, and the other beam of light is adjusted or transmitted to a reflector, which is reflected by the reflector and received by the photoelectric receiver. At this time, both beams of light are received by the photoelectric receiver and spatially combined in the interference area of ​​the photoelectric receiver to form a corresponding interference pattern. When the object to be measured is displaced, the light field intensity changes. The photoelectric receiver then records the light field intensity change in a specific area of ​​the interference pattern and determines the displacement of the test object through a sensor connected thereto.

[0013] In order to focus the light beam emitted by the light source onto the surface of the test object to form a bright light spot, an optical system is also included. The optical system is located between the coherent light source and the test object and is used to focus the coherent light beam onto the surface of the structure to form a light spot.

[0014] In order to adjust the position of the optical system, it also includes a first carrier, which has a first linear carrier surface, the coherent light source is fixed on the first linear carrier surface, and the optical system is movably connected to the first linear carrier surface and can move in a direction parallel to the coherent light beam.

[0015] During the test, in order to ensure that the relative positions between the interferometer beam splitter, the reflector and the photoelectric receiver remain unchanged, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement, a common base is also included, and the beam splitting assembly and the photoelectric receiver are fixed inside the common base. The photoelectric receiver is placed at a certain distance between the surface of the test object structure and the outer surface of the interferometer beam splitter; this distance should correspond to a specific displacement range to ensure that the device can accurately measure the required displacement range.

[0016] In order to determine the initial position of the common base according to the displacement range and the sensitivity curve of the device, a second bearing object is also included, and the second bearing object has a second linear bearing surface. The common base is movably connected to the second linear bearing surface and can move in a direction away from or close to the object under test. Among them, the displacement range that may occur during the test can be determined according to the characteristics of the test object and the test conditions, which can be obtained through theoretical calculations, empirical estimates or experimental verification. That is, the sensitivity curve reflects the relationship between the sensitivity of the device and the distance from the surface of the test object to the interferometer beam splitter, which can be obtained through experimental verification. If the measurement range needs to be changed, the distance from the surface of the test object to the interferometer beam splitter can be changed by adjusting the position of the base; according to the sensitivity curve, different distances correspond to different measurement ranges, so the appropriate distance can be selected according to actual needs.

[0017] In order to quickly determine the initial position of the beam splitter assembly, a movable component is movably connected to the bottom surface of the common base. The movable component can move away from or close to the object to be measured, and the beam splitter and reflector are both fixed on the movable component.

[0018] As a redundant solution, the beam splitter and the reflector are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the object to be measured.

[0019] As a redundancy solution, the reflector is a radiating mirror.

[0020] A further solution provides a non-contact method for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base using an optical device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Establish the relationship model between displacement and interference pattern characteristics;

[0022] S2: Determine the initial positions of the coherent light source, beam splitting assembly and photoelectric receiver;

[0023] S3: When the measured object is displaced, the photoelectric receiver records the light field intensity of a specific area in the interference pattern, and converts the change in the light field intensity into a light intensity change signal, and transmits it to the sensor. The sensor obtains the corresponding displacement based on the relationship model between the displacement and the interference pattern characteristics.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the interference pattern characteristics include the spacing and brightness of the interference fringes.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention provides a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base and a measuring method thereof. By adopting this scheme, high-precision and high-efficiency displacement measurement can be achieved through non-contact measurement without contacting the object to be measured.

[0027] 2. The present invention provides a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base and a method thereof. By adopting this scheme, the influence on the sensitivity can be reflected by adjusting the distance change between the structural surface of the test object and the outer surface of the interferometer beam splitter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 A simplified structural diagram of the optical device for measuring the displacement of the tower base of a power distribution line provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the measurement and calculation principles provided by the present invention.

[0031] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0032] 1-coherent light source, 2-optical system, 3-measured object, 4-structure surface, 5-common base, 6-beam splitter, 7-reflector, 8-photoelectric receiver, 9-sensor, 10-movable component, 11-light spot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] This embodiment 1 provides a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0036] A coherent light source 1, the coherent light source 1 is used to provide a coherent light beam to irradiate a structural surface 4 of a measured object 3, and generate a reflected light beam, wherein an angle is formed between the coherent light beam and the reflected light beam;

[0037] A beam splitting component, wherein the beam splitting component and the coherent light source 1 are both located on the same side of the object to be measured, and the beam splitting component includes a beam splitter 6 and a reflector 7;

[0038] A detection component, the detection component includes a photoelectric receiver 8 and a sensor 9;

[0039] The beam splitter 6 is used to receive the reflected light beam and to split the reflected light beam into two beams, one beam is reflected on the photoelectric receiver 8 by the beam splitter 6, and the other beam is split on the reflector 7 and reflected by the reflector 7 onto the photoelectric receiver 8;

[0040] The photoelectric receiver 8 is used to receive the light intensity change signal, and the sensor 9 is used to convert the light intensity change signal into a displacement.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the mechanical measurement method usually requires the measuring instrument to be directly installed on the tower base and the measurement is performed through a mechanical device, which is cumbersome to operate, inefficient, and easily affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Although the total station measurement method has high accuracy, it requires professional operators, and the measurement process is time-consuming, and it is difficult to meet the needs of rapid measurement and real-time monitoring. The present invention provides a non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of the tower base of a distribution line and a measurement method thereof. By adopting this solution, high-precision and high-efficiency displacement measurement can be achieved through non-contact measurement without contacting the object to be measured. In the specific scheme, a coherent light source 1 capable of providing a stable coherent light beam is included as the light source in the measurement process. When the coherent light beam is incident on the structural surface 4 of the object to be measured 3, the coherent light beam has a certain pitch angle relative to the structural surface 4, so that reflection occurs. The path of the reflected light beam is located within the receiving surface range of the beam splitter 6. The reflected light beam is split by the beam splitter 6 and divided into two beams of light. One beam of light is directly reflected and received by the photoelectric receiver 8, and the other beam of light is adjusted or transmitted to the reflector 7, and the light is reflected by the reflector 7 and received by the photoelectric receiver 8. At this time, both beams of light are received by the photoelectric receiver 8 and spatially combined in the interference area of ​​the photoelectric receiver 8 to form a corresponding interference pattern. When the object to be measured 3 is displaced, the light field intensity changes at this time, and then the photoelectric receiver 8 records the light field intensity change in a specific area in the interference pattern, and determines the displacement of the test object through the sensor 9 connected thereto.

[0042] In order to focus the light beam emitted by the light source onto the surface of the test object to form a bright light spot, an optical system 2 is also included. The optical system 2 is located between the coherent light source 1 and the object to be tested 3 and is used to focus the coherent light beam onto the structure surface 4 to form a light spot.

[0043] In order to adjust the position of the optical system 2, it also includes a first carrier, which has a first linear carrier surface. The coherent light source 1 is fixed on the first linear carrier surface. The optical system 2 is movably connected to the first linear carrier surface and can move in a direction parallel to the coherent light beam.

[0044] During the test, in order to ensure that the relative positions between the interferometer beam splitter 6, the reflector 7 and the photoelectric receiver 8 remain unchanged, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement, a common base 5 is also included, and the beam splitting assembly and the photoelectric receiver 8 are both fixed inside the common base 5. The photoelectric receiver 8 is placed at a certain distance between the test object structure surface 4 and the outer surface of the interferometer beam splitter 6; this distance should correspond to a specific displacement variation range to ensure that the device can accurately measure the required displacement range.

[0045] In order to determine the initial position of the common base 5 according to the displacement range and the sensitivity curve of the device, a second bearing object is also included, and the second bearing object has a second linear bearing surface. The common base 5 is movably connected to the second linear bearing surface and can move in a direction away from or close to the object under test 3. Among them, the displacement range that may occur during the test can be determined according to the characteristics of the test object and the test conditions, which can be obtained through theoretical calculations, empirical estimates or experimental verification. That is, the sensitivity curve reflects the relationship between the sensitivity of the device and the distance from the surface of the test object to the interferometer beam splitter 6, which can be obtained through experimental verification. If the measurement range needs to be changed, the distance from the surface of the test object to the interferometer beam splitter 6 can be changed by adjusting the position of the base; according to the sensitivity curve, different distances correspond to different measurement ranges, so the appropriate distance can be selected according to actual needs.

[0046] In order to quickly determine the initial position of the beam splitter assembly, a movable component 10 is movably connected to the bottom surface of the common base 5. The movable component 10 can move away from or close to the object 3 to be measured. The beam splitter 6 and the reflector 7 are both fixed on the movable component 10.

[0047] As a redundant solution, the beam splitter 6 and the reflector 7 are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the object 3 to be measured.

[0048] As a redundancy solution, the reflector 7 is a radiating mirror.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] This embodiment 2 provides a non-contact distribution line tower base displacement measurement optical device measurement method, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0051] S1: Establish the relationship model between displacement and interference pattern characteristics;

[0052] S2: Determine the initial positions of the coherent light source 1, the beam splitting assembly and the photoelectric receiver 8;

[0053] S3: When the measured object 3 is displaced, the photoelectric receiver 8 records the light field intensity of a specific area in the interference pattern, and converts the change in the light field intensity into a light intensity change signal, and transmits it to the sensor 9. The sensor 9 obtains the corresponding displacement based on the relationship model between the displacement and the interference pattern characteristics.

[0054] In a further embodiment, the interference pattern characteristics include the spacing and brightness of the interference fringes.

[0055] How this solution works:

[0056] The interference step in this scheme is to focus the light from the light source onto the test object to form a luminous point. Then, the light passes through the beam splitter, that is, the beam splitter 6 is divided into two beams of light, one beam of light is reflected from the beam splitter, and the other beam of light is reflected from the reflector. The two beams of light are spatially combined in the interference area of ​​the light receiver to form an interference pattern. The photoelectric receiver 8 records the light field intensity of a specific area in the interference pattern, and determines the displacement of the test object through the sensor 9 connected thereto. According to the measurement results of the light field intensity recorded by the photoelectric receiver 8 and the measurement results of the displacement, the displacement of the test object can be determined. The specific interference pattern analysis steps include the following aspects: 1. Observe the shape and characteristics of the interference pattern, such as the spacing of the interference fringes, brightness changes, etc. Different displacements may cause changes in the interference fringes in the interference pattern, and the size of the displacement can be inferred by observing and analyzing these changes. 2. Establish a relationship model between the displacement and the characteristics of the interference pattern. Through experimental or theoretical analysis, a mathematical model between the displacement and the characteristics of the interference pattern can be established, so that the displacement can be determined based on the characteristics of the interference pattern. 3. Perform image processing and analysis of the interference pattern. Through image processing technology, characteristic parameters in the interference pattern, such as the spacing and brightness of the interference fringes, can be extracted and associated with the displacement.

[0057] The principle of obtaining the test displacement based on the interference pattern signal, that is, the principle of establishing a relationship model between the displacement and the interference pattern characteristics, is as follows:

[0058] like Figure 2As shown, in the established xyz coordinate system. Reflector B is located in plane S3, its position is at an angle α and at a distance h from the beam splitter. A sinusoidal diffraction grating acts as beam splitter A, and coherent radiation is incident from the luminous point C. The initial position of point C is determined by the coordinates x0, y0, z0 = 0. The interference pattern generated by the photodetector used to analyze the interference pattern allows the described device to determine the displacement of the point of the object under test in two cases. Due to the reflection of the focused laser radiation, the luminous point C appears at the displacement of the point. In order to determine the displacement of the point of the object under test, it is necessary to find the electromagnetic field scattered by the considered device in the area where the interference pattern is observed, as well as the dependence of this electromagnetic field on the position of the luminous point x0, y0 and the parameters α and h characterizing the direction of the reflection surface. Determined as:

[0059]

[0060] Where I(θ,a) is the complex amplitude of the wave field; θ, a, R 0 are the spherical coordinates of the observation point; x and z are the coordinates of the point source located on the beam splitter surface.

[0061] Expression (1) contains the function U(x,z), which describes the light field in the plane of the beam splitter. To determine this light field, the total field on the beam splitter surface is expressed as the superposition of the waves of the luminous point O' and the virtual mirror image point O" formed by the reflector, while taking into account the amplitude transmission of the beam splitter. For convenience, we introduce an auxiliary local Cartesian coordinate system with its origin at the luminous point O' and the reflection point O", respectively.

[0062] The x'-y'-z' coordinate system is formed by rotating the z-axis in the positive direction through an angle α 0 formed, and then translated in parallel (-x 0 ) and y 0 The x"-y"-z" coordinate system is a mirror image system relative to the x"-y"-z system, where the y-axis is in the opposite direction and is rotated from the xyz system by an angle [-(α 0 +2α)] and then parallel translation along the x-axis (-x 0 ') and parallel translation along the y axis (-y 0 ') is obtained. The relationship can be obtained as follows:

[0063]

[0064] When the size of the beam splitter is large, and the diffraction at the edge can be ignored, it can be replaced by an infinite limit, and the intensity at the observation point can be expressed as:

[0065] I=A 0 (1-cosγ).

[0067] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a distribution line tower base, characterized in that: include: A coherent light source (1), the coherent light source (1) being used to provide a coherent light beam to be incident on a structural surface (4) of a measured object (3) and to generate a reflected light beam, wherein an angle is formed between the coherent light beam and the reflected light beam; A beam splitting component, wherein the beam splitting component and the coherent light source (1) are both located on the same side of the object to be measured, and the beam splitting component comprises a beam splitter (6) and a reflector (7); A detection component, the detection component comprising a photoelectric receiver (8) and a sensor (9); The beam splitter (6) is used to receive the reflected light beam and to split the reflected light beam into two beams, one beam being reflected on the beam splitter (6) onto the photoelectric receiver (8), and the other beam being split onto the reflector (7) and reflected by the reflector (7) onto the photoelectric receiver (8); The photoelectric receiver (8) is used to receive a light intensity change signal, and the sensor (9) is used to convert the light intensity change signal into a displacement.

2. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an optical system (2), which is located between the coherent light source (1) and the object to be measured (3) and is used to focus the coherent light beam onto the structural surface (4) to form a light spot.

3. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a first carrier, which has a first linear carrier surface, the coherent light source (1) is fixed on the first linear carrier surface, and the optical system (2) is movably connected to the first linear carrier surface and can move in a direction parallel to the coherent light beam.

4. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a common base (5), wherein the beam splitting assembly and the photoelectric receiver (8) are both fixed inside the common base (5).

5. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a second carrier, which has a second linear carrier surface. The common base (5) is movably connected to the second linear carrier surface and can move in a direction away from or close to the measured object (3).

6. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 5, characterized in that: A movable component (10) is also movably connected to the bottom surface of the common base (5), and the movable component (10) can move in a direction away from or close to the measured object (3), and the beam splitter (6) and the reflector (7) are both fixed on the movable component (10).

7. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 6, characterized in that: In a direction away from the measured object (3), the beam splitter (6) and the reflector (7) are arranged in sequence.

8. The non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector (7) is a radiation mirror.

9. The measurement method of the non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of a tower foundation of a power distribution line according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Establish the relationship model between displacement and interference pattern characteristics; S2: Determine the initial positions of the coherent light source (1), the beam splitting assembly and the photoelectric receiver (8); S3: When the measured object (3) is displaced, the photoelectric receiver (8) records the light field intensity of a specific area in the interference pattern, converts the change in the light field intensity into a light intensity change signal, and transmits it to the sensor (9). The sensor obtains the corresponding displacement based on the relationship model between the displacement and the interference pattern characteristics.

10. The measurement method of the non-contact optical device for measuring the displacement of the tower foundation of a power distribution line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The interference pattern characteristics include the spacing and brightness of the interference fringes.

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