Ship compressed air breathing system and air supply method

Abstract

The invention provides a ship compressed air breathing system and an air supply method, and belongs to the technical field of ship life support, and the ship compressed air breathing system comprises a compressed air source used for providing high-pressure air; the air treatment device is communicated with the output end of the compressed air source and is used for decompressing and filtering the high-pressure air; the air supply pipeline communicates with the output end of the air treatment device and is used for conveying the filtered and decompressed air; the tail end connector is arranged in the extending direction of the air supply pipeline and communicates with the air supply pipeline; the breathing devices are detachably connected with the tail end connector; the pressure monitoring unit is arranged on the air supply pipeline and connected with the compressed air source, the pressure of the air supply pipeline is monitored in real time, and the air delivery flow of the compressed air source is maintained or changed. The compressed air source is adopted for supplying air in a centralized mode, the air supply amount is stable and reliable, the air supply pressure and the air supply flow are restrained, and the flow can be adjusted by self-adaption to pressure changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship life support, and in particular to a ship compressed air breathing system and an air supply method. Background Art

[0002] When the ship is working, some areas are in a closed state. To ensure the normal breathing of the crew, the oxygen produced by the oxygen-generating equipment is sent to various parts of the craft through the ventilation system for breathing. If an abnormal situation or equipment failure occurs and reliable breathing in the cabin cannot be guaranteed, it is necessary to switch to emergency breathing equipment. The current emergency breathing equipment uses chemical oxygenation technology to produce oxygen through chemical reactions of chemical agents, which can independently supply the crew with breathing and improve the crew's disaster prevention and self-rescue capabilities.

[0003] However, emergency breathing equipment has the following disadvantages: (1) Chemical oxygen production is often an exothermic reaction. If the heat dissipation is not good when personnel wear emergency breathing equipment, it may cause burns. In addition, the gas produced is hot and dry, which can easily cause discomfort. (2) The number of chemical agents stored in emergency breathing equipment is limited, and the time it can maintain breathing is short, so it cannot be used continuously. (3) Emergency breathing equipment can only be used by one person and cannot be used by all crew members at will. The number of people covered is limited.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above situation, it is necessary to provide a ship compressed air breathing system and air supply method, which can provide reliable emergency breathing function for all crew members for a long time and flexibly. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a ship compressed air breathing system and air supply method that does not rely on chemical reactions to prepare oxygen, but uses compressed air as an air supply source, can be used continuously for a long time, is suitable for use by individuals or groups of people, and can adjust the air supply flow rate according to pressure changes.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a ship compressed air breathing system, comprising:

[0007] A compressed air source (10) for providing high-pressure air;

[0008] An air processing device (20) is connected to the output end of the compressed air source (10) and is used for reducing pressure and filtering the high-pressure air;

[0009] An air supply pipeline (30) is connected to the output end of the air treatment device (20) and is used to transport the filtered and decompressed air;

[0010] A terminal connector (40) is arranged along the extension direction of the air supply pipeline (30) and is in communication with the air supply pipeline (30);

[0011] A plurality of breathing devices (50) detachably connected to the end connector (40);

[0012] The pressure monitoring unit (60) is arranged on the air supply pipeline (30) and connected to the compressed air source (10), and monitors the pressure of the air supply pipeline (30) in real time, and maintains or changes the air delivery flow of the compressed air source (10).

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the air treatment device (20) comprises a decompression unit (21) and a filter unit (22) arranged in sequence, the input end of the decompression unit (21) is connected to the output end of the compressed air source (10), the output end of the decompression unit (21) is connected to the input end of the filter unit (22), and the output end of the filter unit (22) is connected to the air supply pipeline (30).

[0014] Preferably, the decompression unit (21) comprises a first isolation valve (211), a pressure regulator (212), a safety valve (213) and a second isolation valve (214) which are arranged in sequence; the filtration unit (22) comprises a first particulate matter purifier (221), a second particulate matter purifier (222) and a gas purifier (223) which are arranged in sequence; the input end of the first isolation valve (211) is connected to the output end of the compressed air source (10), the output end of the first isolation valve (211) is connected to the input end of the first particulate matter purifier (221), and the output end of the first particulate matter purifier (221) is connected to the pressure regulator (2 The input end of the pressure regulator (212) is connected to the input end of the safety valve (213) and the input end of the second particulate matter purifier (222), the output end of the second particulate matter purifier (222) is connected to the input end of the gas purifier (223), the output end of the gas purifier (223) is connected to the input end of the second isolation valve (214), and the output end of the second isolation valve (214) is connected to the gas supply pipeline (30); the input end and the output end of the pressure regulator (212) are both provided with a pressure gauge (23), and the pressure gauge (23) is communicatively connected to the pressure monitoring unit (60).

[0015] Preferably, the plurality of breathing devices (50) each comprises a first quick connector (501), a telescopic hose (502), a second quick connector (503), an extension connector (504), a breathing hose (505), a flow regulating valve (506) and a mask body (507); the first quick connector (501) is connected to the end connector (40), and the first quick connector (501) is also connected to the second quick connector (503) through the telescopic hose (502); the output end of the extension connector (504) is connected to the mask body (507) through the breathing hose (505), the input end of the extension connector (504) is connected to the second quick connector (503) or the end connector (40), a flow regulating valve (506) is provided on the breathing hose (505), and the flow regulating valve is connected to the breathing hose (505); the flow regulating valve (506) is also connected to the pressure monitoring unit (60) in communication, and a flow regulating valve (506) opening state signal is fed back to the pressure monitoring unit (60).

[0016] Further preferably, the terminal joint (40) is provided with a plurality of independent air supply ports (100).

[0017] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the air supply pipeline (30) is arranged linearly, in a tree-like arrangement or in a ring-like arrangement; the end connectors (40) are arranged at intervals on the linearly arranged and ring-like arranged air supply pipelines (30), or are arranged on each branch of the tree-like arranged air supply pipeline (30).

[0018] In another aspect, the present invention provides an air supply method for a compressed air breathing system of a ship, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: Equipped with the above-mentioned ship compressed air breathing system;

[0020] S2: Before the compressed air breathing system of the ship is used, the air supply pipeline (30) is tested for leak tightness; if the leak tightness test result is qualified, step S3 is executed; if the leak tightness test result is unqualified, the compressed air breathing system of the ship is deactivated and an alarm signal is issued;

[0021] S3: Construct the relationship between the air supply pressure and air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system;

[0022] S4: The pressure monitoring unit (60) monitors the number of breathing devices (50) connected to the air supply pipeline (30), confirms whether the air supply flow rate meets the demand, and adaptively adjusts the size of the air supply flow rate.

[0023] Preferably, the sealing test of the air supply pipeline (30) described in step S2 is to turn on the compressed air source (10) and the air treatment device (20), and the plurality of terminal connectors (40) are not connected to any breathing device (50). The compressed air source (10) provides a certain volume of air to the air supply pipeline (30), and the pressure monitoring unit (60) periodically obtains the pressure status of the air supply pipeline (30); if the pressure in the air supply pipeline (30) is lower than the set threshold for a certain period of time within the set detection time period, it indicates that there is a leak in the air supply pipeline (30), and the ship's compressed air breathing system is not suitable for emergency use and needs to be repaired; if the pressure in the air supply pipeline (30) is always greater than the set threshold within the set detection time period, it indicates that the sealing of the air supply pipeline (30) is reliable.

[0024] Preferably, the content of step S3 is:

[0025] (1) Let the static set pressure of the air handling device (20) be P 1 , the dynamic opening pressure of the air handling device (20) is P 2 , satisfying the following relationship P 2 ≥90%P 1 ;

[0026] (2) Let the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system be Q 2 The minimum air supply flow rate of the air handling device (20) at the dynamic opening time is Q 1 , Q 1 ≤2%Q 2 ;

[0027] (3) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is [0, Q 1 ) interval, the gas supply pressure changes from P 1 Down to P 2 ;

[0028] (4) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is [Q 1 , Q 2 ) interval, the gas supply pressure and gas supply flow rate satisfy the following linear relationship: P 2 =A-BQ 2 , A is the maximum air supply pressure, B is the influence coefficient of air supply flow on air supply pressure, where A = A 0 -k 1 (DD 0 )+k 2 (TT 0 ), A 0 is the maximum gas supply pressure at the default pipe diameter and default ambient temperature, k 1 and k 2is the adjustment coefficient, D is the average diameter of the gas supply pipeline (30), and D 0 is the default diameter of the gas supply pipeline (30), T is the current ambient temperature, T 0 is the default ambient temperature; B=B 0 +k 3 (DD 0 )+k 4 (TT 0 )+k 5 (L / D), B 0 k is the influence coefficient of gas flow rate on gas supply pressure under default pipe diameter and default ambient temperature, 3 , k 4 and k 5 is the adjustment coefficient, L is the length of the gas supply pipeline (30);

[0029] (5) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is [Q 2 , Q 3 ] interval, the gas supply pressure remains P 2 No change, Q 3 =110%Q 2 ;

[0030] (6) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is greater than Q 3 When the gas supply pressure is less than P 2 .

[0031] The compressed air breathing system and air supply method for ships provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0032] (1) The present invention adopts a centralized compressed air source to supply air, and the air supply is stable and reliable, which is suitable for the long-term, stable and reliable breathing needs of crew members during emergency breathing; since the air supply pressure and air supply flow are constrained, the flow can be adjusted adaptively to pressure changes, thereby adapting to the air supply needs of the number of people connected to the air supply pipeline and adaptively adjusting the air supply flow;

[0033] (2) The breathing device can not only be directly connected to the air supply pipeline, but also serve as an extended output interface to provide a breathing device interface for adjacent crew members, simplifying the interface layout; the connected breathing device will feedback the opening status signal to the pressure monitoring unit, and can also achieve quick plug-in. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a compressed air breathing system and air supply method for a ship of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a compressed air breathing system and air supply method for a ship of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a compressed air breathing system and air supply method for a ship of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an air processing device of a compressed air breathing system and air supply method for a ship according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a breathing device of a ship compressed air breathing system and an air supply method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 The present invention discloses a curve showing the relationship between the air supply flow rate and the air supply pressure of a breathing device of a compressed air breathing system and an air supply method for a ship.

[0041] 1. Air supply port; 2. Air handling device; 3. Air supply line; 4. End connector; 5. Breathing device; 6. Pressure monitoring unit; 2. Pressure reducing unit; 2. Filter unit; 2. Pressure gauge; 2. First isolating valve; 2. Pressure regulator; 2. Safety valve; 2. Second isolating valve 2.1; 2. First particulate purifier; 2. Second particulate purifier; 2. Gas purifier 2.2; 10. Air supply port; 5. First quick connector; 5. Telescopic hose; 5. Second quick connector; 5. Extension connector; 5. Breathing hose; 5. Flow regulating valve; 5. Mask body; 2. Extension connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Emergency breathing equipment installed on ships usually has the following shortcomings: chemical oxygen production is often an exothermic reaction, and personnel are not comfortable wearing emergency breathing equipment; the number of chemical agents stored in emergency breathing equipment is limited, the time that can maintain breathing is short, and it cannot be used continuously; emergency breathing equipment can only be used by one person.

[0044] In view of this, on the one hand, the present invention provides a ship compressed air breathing system, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0045] The compressed air source 10 is used to provide high-pressure air;

[0046] The air treatment device 20 is connected to the output end of the compressed air source 10 and is used for reducing pressure and filtering the high-pressure air;

[0047] The air supply pipeline 30 is connected to the output end of the air treatment device 20 and is used to transport the filtered and decompressed air;

[0048] The end connector 40 is arranged along the extension direction of the gas supply pipeline 30 and is connected to the gas supply pipeline 30;

[0049] A plurality of breathing devices 50 are detachably connected to the end connector 40;

[0050] The pressure monitoring unit 60 is disposed on the air supply pipeline 30 and connected to the compressed air source 10 , and monitors the pressure of the air supply pipeline 30 in real time, and maintains or changes the air delivery flow of the compressed air source 10 .

[0051] Usually, before the compressed air source 10 meets the maximum air supply capacity, the change in air supply pressure has a linear relationship with the change in air supply flow rate. The pressure monitoring unit 60 monitors the pressure change in the air supply pipeline 30, appropriately adjusts the air supply flow rate, meets the air supply demand, and makes the compressed air source 10 work at a reasonable load state.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the air treatment device 20 includes a decompression unit 21 and a filter unit 22 which are arranged in sequence, the input end of the decompression unit 21 is connected to the output end of the compressed air source 10, the output end of the decompression unit 21 is connected to the input end of the filter unit 22, and the output end of the filter unit 22 is connected to the air supply pipeline 30.

[0053] The pressure reducing unit 21 includes a first isolation valve 211, a pressure regulator 212, a safety valve 213 and a second isolation valve 214 which are arranged in sequence; the filtering unit 22 includes a first particulate matter purifier 221, a second particulate matter purifier 222 and a gas purifier 223 which are arranged in sequence; the input end of the first isolation valve 211 is connected to the output end of the compressed air source 10, the output end of the first isolation valve 211 is connected to the input end of the first particulate matter purifier 221, and the output end of the first particulate matter purifier 221 is connected to the pressure regulator 21 2, the output end of the pressure regulator 212 is respectively connected to the input end of the safety valve 213 and the input end of the second particulate matter purifier 222, the output end of the second particulate matter purifier 222 is connected to the input end of the gas purifier 223, the output end of the gas purifier 223 is connected to the input end of the second isolation valve 214, and the output end of the second isolation valve 214 is connected to the gas supply pipeline 30; the input end and the output end of the pressure regulator 212 are both provided with a pressure gauge 23, and the pressure gauge 23 is communicatively connected to the pressure monitoring unit 60.

[0054] The air handling device 20 is an independent entity, which has the function of regulating and purifying the compressed air. When the air handling device 20 fails or the filter element of each purifier needs to be replaced, the first isolation valve 211 and the second isolation valve 214 can be closed. The isolation valve can be a two-state valve, and the isolation valve also has a certain flow regulation function. The air handling device 20 adopts mechanical filtration, and the first particulate matter purifier 221 preliminarily removes particulate matter in the compressed air to meet the working medium requirements of the pressure regulator 212, protect the pressure regulator 212, and prevent pollutants from causing the pressure regulator 212 to fail. The low-pressure air output by the pressure regulator is further removed by the second particulate matter purifier 222 to remove particulate matter in the air, and then passes through the gas purifier 223 to purify the organic and inorganic harmful gases in the air. Generally, the gas treated by the air handling device 20 is not affected by the air pressure changes in the cabin. The pressure gauge 23 is used to obtain the pressure conditions before and after the air handling device 20 regulates the compressed air. The overpressure gas will be discharged through the safety valve 213 to ensure the safety of subsequent pipeline users. The low-pressure air processed by the air treatment device 20 is sent to the air supply pipeline 30. To ensure the stability of the system, two air treatment devices 20 can be used, and a parallel pipeline setting of one for use and one for backup can be adopted.

[0055] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a plurality of independent air supply ports 100 are arranged on the terminal joints 40. The air supply pipelines 30 are arranged linearly, in a tree shape or in an annular shape; the terminal joints 40 are arranged at intervals on the air supply pipelines 30 arranged linearly and in an annular shape, or on each branch of the air supply pipelines 30 arranged in a tree shape. Figure 1 The air supply pipeline 30 is a linear structure. Figure 2 The air supply pipeline 30 is arranged in a tree shape. Figure 3 The air supply pipeline 30 is arranged in a ring shape.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, each of the end connectors 40 has four independent air supply ports 100. In order to ensure that cabin personnel can conveniently connect to the air supply ports 100, in addition to using the air supply ports 100 of the air supply pipeline 30 to connect to the breathing device 50, in order to facilitate pipeline routing and expansion, an extension connector 200 can be further used to extend the air supply pipeline to any length, so that personnel far away from the air supply pipeline can conveniently access it. At the same time, the extension connector 200 provides additional air supply ports 100, which is convenient for improving the air supply capacity of a single end connector 40 and meeting the emergency breathing needs of more cabin personnel.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, several breathing devices 50 all include a first quick connector 501, a telescopic hose 502, a second quick connector 503, an extension connector 504, a breathing hose 505, a flow regulating valve 506 and a mask body 507; the first quick connector 501 is connected to an air supply port 100 of the terminal connector 40, and the first quick connector 501 is also connected to the second quick connector 503 through the telescopic hose 502; the output end of the extension connector 504 is connected to the mask body 507 through the breathing hose 505, and the input end of the extension connector 504 is connected to the second quick connector 503 or the terminal connector 40, and a flow regulating valve 506 is provided on the breathing hose 505, and the flow regulating valve is connected to the breathing hose 505; the flow regulating valve 506 is also connected to the pressure monitoring unit 60 for communication, and the opening state signal of the flow regulating valve 506 is fed back to the pressure monitoring unit 60.

[0058] Combined with Figure 1-3 It can be seen that in the breathing device 50 provided in this embodiment, the mask body 507 is a face-fitting mask. When working, the mask body 507 maintains a slight positive pressure inside, and the flow regulating valve 506 is opened to meet the breathing needs of the cabin personnel. The breathing hose 505 is about 0.5 meters long, and the expansion joint 504 can be configured to have a one-in and two-out mode. The expansion joint 504 can be externally connected to another breathing device 50 to achieve on-site expansion without reconfiguring the pipeline. When in use, the mask body 507 is fixed to the user's head through a headband, and the other end is worn on the user's waist through a buckle. The telescopic hose 502 can be stretched and extended to several meters so as to be connected to the air supply port 100 or the expansion joint 504 of another breathing device 50, ensuring that the user has a certain range of activities or operations after wearing it. The mask body 507 is made of a material that is non-irritating to the skin.

[0059] In another aspect, the present invention provides an air supply method for a compressed air breathing system of a ship, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Equipped with the above-mentioned ship compressed air breathing system.

[0061] S2: Before the ship's compressed air breathing system is used, the air supply pipeline 30 is tested for leak tightness; if the leak tightness test result is qualified, step S3 is executed; if the leak tightness test result is unqualified, the ship's compressed air breathing system is disabled and an alarm signal is issued.

[0062] The sealing test here is to turn on the compressed air source 10 and the air treatment device 20, and several end connectors 40 are not connected to any breathing device 50. The compressed air source 10 provides a certain volume of air to the air supply pipeline 30, and the pressure monitoring unit 60 periodically obtains the pressure status of the air supply pipeline 30; if within the set detection time period, the pressure in the air supply pipeline 30 is lower than the set threshold for a certain period of time or the pressure change threshold exceeds the set threshold for a certain period of time, it indicates that there is a leak in the air supply pipeline 30, and the ship's compressed air breathing system is not suitable for emergency use and needs to be repaired; if within the set detection time period, the pressure in the air supply pipeline 30 is always greater than the set threshold, it indicates that the sealing of the air supply pipeline 30 is reliable.

[0063] For the first case, the threshold is set to 90 kPa and the time period is set to more than 10 seconds; for the second case, the time period can be set to more than 10 seconds and the pressure change threshold is set to 1 kPa / s.

[0064] S3: Construct the relationship between the air supply pressure and air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system.

[0065] The specific contents are:

[0066] (1) Let the static set pressure of the air handling device 20 be P 1 , the dynamic opening pressure of the air handling device 20 is P 2 , satisfying the following relationship P 2 ≥90%P 1 ;

[0067] (2) Let the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system be Q 2 , the minimum air supply flow rate of the air handling device 20 at the dynamic opening time is Q 1 , Q 1 ≤2%Q 2 Further preferably, the static set pressure P of the air treatment device 20 1 The air supply flow rate Q of the ship's compressed air breathing system is 0.7 MPa. 2 Not less than 180m 3 / h.

[0068] (3) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is [0, Q 1 ) interval, the gas supply pressure changes from P 1Down to P 2 ;

[0069] (4) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is [Q 1 , Q 2 ) interval, the gas supply pressure and gas supply flow rate satisfy the following linear relationship: P 2 =A-BQ 2 , A is the maximum air supply pressure, B is the influence coefficient of air supply flow on air supply pressure, where A = A 0 -k 1 (DD 0 )+k 2 (TT 0 ), A 0 is the maximum gas supply pressure at the default pipe diameter and default ambient temperature, k 1 and k 2 is the adjustment coefficient, D is the average diameter of the gas supply pipeline 30, and the average diameter is obtained by dividing the actual internal volume of the pipeline by the length of the gas supply pipeline 30; D 0 is the default diameter of the gas supply pipeline 30, T is the current ambient temperature, T 0 is the default ambient temperature; B=B 0 +k 3 (DD 0 )+k 4 (TT 0 )+k 5 (L / D), B 0 k is the influence coefficient of gas flow rate on gas supply pressure under default pipe diameter and default ambient temperature, 3 , k 4 and k 5 is the adjustment coefficient, L is the length of the gas supply line 30;

[0070] (5) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is [Q 2 , Q 3 ] interval, the gas supply pressure remains P 2 No change, Q 3 =110%Q 2 ;

[0071] (6) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is greater than Q 3 When the gas supply pressure is less than P 2 .

[0072] The relationship between gas supply flow and gas supply pressure is shown in the attached Figure 6 curve.

[0073] S4: The pressure monitoring unit 60 monitors the number of breathing devices 50 connected to the air supply pipeline 30, confirms whether the air supply flow rate meets the demand, and adaptively adjusts the size of the air supply flow rate.

[0074] The following examples are used to supplement the description of the adjustment process of the invention of this scheme.

[0075] The air supply flow rate is determined by the maximum number of cabin personnel breathing at the same time, so the air supply flow rate Q of the ship's compressed air system is 2 3m 3 / min, i.e. 180m 3 / h, the static set pressure of the air treatment device 20 is 0.7Mpa, and the air supply pressure P 2 Approximately stable.

[0076] When the air supply flow rate is 0.05m 3 / min-3m 3 / min, the gas supply pressure changes in the range of .644MPa-0.639Mpa, see the attached Figure 6 The horizontal axis of the chart [Q 1 , Q 2 ) interval image corresponding to the approximate horizontal line, the air supply pressure in this interval satisfies the following relationship: P 2 =0.644-1.7×10 -3 Q 2 .

[0077] When the air flow rate is [0, Q 1 ) interval, the gas supply pressure changes from P 1 Down to P 2 ; The relationship between gas supply pressure and gas supply flow is nonlinear, corresponding to the attached Figure 6 The beginning of the graph curve.

[0078] When the gas flow rate is [Q 2 , Q 3 ] interval, due to the existence of a certain margin, the curve in this interval still maintains an approximately linear relationship, that is, the ship's compressed air system retains a 10% margin.

[0079] When the gas flow rate is greater than Q 3 At this time, the air supply pressure drops rapidly, indicating that the air demand exceeds the guarantee capacity of the ship's compressed air system.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship compressed air breathing system, characterized in that: include: A compressed air source (10) for providing high-pressure air; An air processing device (20) is connected to the output end of the compressed air source (10) and is used for reducing pressure and filtering the high-pressure air; An air supply pipeline (30) is connected to the output end of the air treatment device (20) and is used to transport the filtered and decompressed air; A terminal connector (40) is arranged along the extension direction of the air supply pipeline (30) and is in communication with the air supply pipeline (30); A plurality of breathing devices (50) detachably connected to the end connector (40); The pressure monitoring unit (60) is arranged on the air supply pipeline (30) and connected to the compressed air source (10), and monitors the pressure of the air supply pipeline (30) in real time, and maintains or changes the air delivery flow of the compressed air source (10).

2. A ship compressed air breathing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air treatment device (20) comprises a decompression unit (21) and a filter unit (22) which are arranged in sequence, wherein the input end of the decompression unit (21) is connected to the output end of the compressed air source (10), the output end of the decompression unit (21) is connected to the input end of the filter unit (22), and the output end of the filter unit (22) is connected to the air supply pipeline (30).

3. A ship compressed air breathing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The decompression unit (21) comprises a first isolation valve (211), a pressure regulator (212), a safety valve (213) and a second isolation valve (214) which are arranged in sequence; the filtering unit (22) comprises a first particulate matter purifier (221), a second particulate matter purifier (222) and a gas purifier (223) which are arranged in sequence; the input end of the first isolation valve (211) is connected to the output end of the compressed air source (10), the output end of the first isolation valve (211) is connected to the input end of the first particulate matter purifier (221), and the output end of the first particulate matter purifier (221) is connected to the pressure regulator (212). ), the output end of the pressure regulator (212) is respectively connected to the input end of the safety valve (213) and the input end of the second particulate matter purifier (222), the output end of the second particulate matter purifier (222) is connected to the input end of the gas purifier (223), the output end of the gas purifier (223) is connected to the input end of the second isolation valve (214), and the output end of the second isolation valve (214) is connected to the gas supply pipeline (30); the input end and the output end of the pressure regulator (212) are both provided with a pressure gauge (23), and the pressure gauge (23) is communicatively connected to the pressure monitoring unit (60).

4. A ship compressed air breathing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of breathing devices (50) each comprises a first quick connector (501), a telescopic hose (502), a second quick connector (503), an extension connector (504), a breathing hose (505), a flow regulating valve (506) and a mask body (507); the first quick connector (501) is connected to the end connector (40), and the first quick connector (501) is also connected to the second quick connector (503) through the telescopic hose (502); the output end of the extension connector (504) is connected to the mask body (507) through the breathing hose (505), the input end of the extension connector (504) is connected to the second quick connector (503) or the end connector (40), a flow regulating valve (506) is arranged on the breathing hose (505), and the flow regulating valve is connected to the breathing hose (505); the flow regulating valve (506) is also connected to the pressure monitoring unit (60) in communication, and a flow regulating valve (506) opening state signal is fed back to the pressure monitoring unit (60).

5. A ship compressed air breathing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The terminal joints (40) are each provided with a plurality of independent air supply ports (100).

6. A ship compressed air breathing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply pipeline (30) is arranged linearly, in a tree-like arrangement, or in a ring-like arrangement; the end connectors (40) are arranged at intervals on the air supply pipelines (30) arranged linearly or in a ring-like arrangement, or are arranged on each branch of the air supply pipeline (30) arranged in a tree-like arrangement.

7. A method for supplying compressed air to a ship's breathing system, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: equipped with a ship compressed air breathing system as described in any one of claims 4 to 6; S2: Before the compressed air breathing system of the ship is used, the air supply pipeline (30) is tested for leak tightness; if the leak tightness test result is qualified, step S3 is executed; if the leak tightness test result is unqualified, the compressed air breathing system of the ship is deactivated and an alarm signal is issued; S3: Construct the relationship between the air supply pressure and air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system; S4: The pressure monitoring unit (60) monitors the number of breathing devices (50) connected to the air supply pipeline (30), confirms whether the air supply flow rate meets the demand, and adaptively adjusts the size of the air supply flow rate.

8. The air supply method for a compressed air breathing system of a ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air tightness test of the air supply pipeline (30) described in step S2 is to open the compressed air source (10) and the air treatment device (20), and the plurality of terminal connectors (40) are not connected to any breathing device (50). The compressed air source (10) provides a certain volume of air to the air supply pipeline (30), and the pressure monitoring unit (60) periodically obtains the pressure status of the air supply pipeline (30); if the pressure in the air supply pipeline (30) is lower than the set threshold for a certain period of time within the set detection time period, it indicates that there is a leak in the air supply pipeline (30), and the ship's compressed air breathing system is not suitable for emergency use and needs to be repaired; if the pressure in the air supply pipeline (30) is always greater than the set threshold within the set detection time period, it indicates that the air tightness of the air supply pipeline (30) is reliable.

9. The air supply method for a compressed air breathing system of a ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The content of step S3 is: (1) The static set pressure of the air treatment device (20) is P1, and the dynamic opening pressure of the air treatment device (20) is P2, satisfying the following relationship: P2 ≥ 90% P1; (2) The air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is Q2, and the minimum air supply flow rate of the air treatment device (20) at the dynamic opening time is Q1, Q1≤2%Q2; (3) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is in the interval [0, Q1), the air supply pressure drops from P1 to P2; (4) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is in the interval [Q1, Q2), the air supply pressure and the air supply flow rate satisfy the following linear relationship: P2 = A-BQ2, A is the maximum air supply pressure, B is the influence coefficient of the air supply flow rate on the air supply pressure, wherein A = A0-k1(D-D0)+k2(T-T0), A0 is the maximum air supply pressure at the default pipe diameter and default ambient temperature, k1 and k2 are adjustment coefficients, D is the average pipe diameter of the air supply pipeline (30), D0 is the default pipe diameter of the air supply pipeline (30), T is the current ambient temperature, and T0 is the default ambient temperature; B = B0+k3(D-D0)+k4(T-T0)+k5(L / D), B0 is the influence coefficient of the air supply flow rate on the air supply pressure at the default pipe diameter and default ambient temperature, k3, k4 and k5 are adjustment coefficients, and L is the length of the air supply pipeline (30); (5) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is in the interval [Q2, Q3], the air supply pressure remains unchanged at P2, Q3 = 110% Q2; (6) When the air supply flow rate of the ship's compressed air breathing system is greater than Q3, the air supply pressure at this time is less than P2.

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