Fuel cell hydrogen supply system, hydrogen supply control method and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, a hydrogen supply control method and device and electronic equipment. The hydrogen supply system comprises a plurality of flow control units; and the apertures of the air outlets of the plurality of flow control units are different. A plurality of nozzles are arranged at the air inlet end of the ejector; the nozzles are communicated with the air outlets of the flow control units, the apertures of the multiple nozzles are different, and the multiple nozzles are in one-to-one correspondence with the air outlets of the multiple flow control units. And the air inlet end of the electric pile is communicated with the air outlet end of the ejector. The control method comprises the following steps: acquiring the current pile current and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the pile; based on the current pile current, determining a corresponding hydrogen inlet pile set pressure value; and under the condition that the deviation value of the actual pressure value of the hydrogen entering the pile and the set pressure value of the hydrogen entering the pile is not within the range of the deviation threshold value, determining the adjusting quantity of the opening degree of the flow control unit according to the deviation value and the current electric pile current. The problem that the hydrogen reactor inlet flow fluctuation is large is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, a hydrogen supply control method, a device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen supply system is one of the core subsystems of the fuel cell engine. It regulates the hydrogen flow and pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack, realizes the recycling of hydrogen, and promotes the internal water balance management of the fuel cell stack. Whether the design of the hydrogen supply system is reasonable directly determines the performance and life of the fuel cell engine.

[0003] High-power fuel cell systems face the problem of regulating a wide range of hydrogen flow during use. When the power generation capacity of the fuel cell stack increases, the opening requirement of the proportional valve increases. However, since the proportional valve enters a high duty cycle frequency range after exceeding a certain opening, the accuracy and stability of hydrogen flow control are poor, and excessive overshoot is prone to occur, causing large fluctuations in the hydrogen flow and unstable hydrogen pressure at the stack inlet.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the fluctuation of hydrogen flow at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and stabilize the hydrogen pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack is an issue that the industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, a hydrogen supply control method, a device and an electronic device, which are used to solve the problems in the prior art of poor accuracy and stability of hydrogen flow control, easy occurrence of excessive overshoot, large fluctuations in hydrogen flow, and unstable hydrogen pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, comprising: A plurality of flow control units, wherein the air inlet ends of the plurality of flow control units are all used to communicate with the air outlet end of the hydrogen storage system; and the air outlets of the plurality of flow control units have different calibers; An ejector, wherein the air inlet end of the ejector has a plurality of nozzles; the nozzles are connected to the air outlet of the flow control unit, the plurality of nozzles have different calibers, and the plurality of nozzles correspond to the air outlets of the plurality of flow control units one by one; A fuel cell stack, wherein an air inlet end of the fuel cell stack is connected to an air outlet end of the ejector.

[0007] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system provided by the present invention further includes: A pressure relief valve, wherein an air inlet end of the pressure relief valve is connected to an air inlet end of the fuel cell stack, and an air outlet end of the pressure relief valve is connected to the atmosphere.

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply control method for the above-mentioned fuel cell hydrogen supply system, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method comprising: Obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure of hydrogen entering the stack; Based on the current stack current, determining a set pressure value of hydrogen inlet corresponding to the current stack current; When the deviation between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range, the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening is determined according to the deviation value and the current fuel cell stack current.

[0009] According to the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention, the step of determining the adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit according to the deviation value and the current stack current includes: Determining a first opening adjustment amount according to the deviation value; Determining a second opening adjustment amount according to the current stack current; The adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit is determined according to the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount.

[0010] According to the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention, the determining the first opening adjustment amount according to the deviation value includes: using a fuzzy PID control algorithm or an ADRC algorithm to process the deviation value to determine the first opening adjustment amount; Determining the second opening adjustment amount according to the current battery stack current includes: performing feed-forward control on the current battery stack current to determine the second opening adjustment amount.

[0011] The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention further includes: When the deviation value is within the deviation threshold range, the current opening degree of the flow control unit is maintained.

[0012] According to the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention, before determining the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current, the method further includes: Based on the change in the amount of hydrogen delivered or the change in the stack current, the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted is determined.

[0013] According to the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention, the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted is determined based on the change in the amount of hydrogen delivered or the change in the stack current, including: When the amount of hydrogen delivered increases or the current of the fuel cell stack increases, the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted is determined in order of the diameter of the gas outlet from small to large; When the amount of hydrogen delivered decreases or the current of the fuel cell stack decreases, the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted is determined in order of the diameter of the gas outlet from large to small.

[0014] A third aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply control device, comprising: The acquisition module is used to obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack; A first determination module is used to determine, based on the current fuel cell stack current, a set pressure value of hydrogen gas entering the fuel cell stack corresponding to the current fuel cell stack current; The second determination module is used to determine the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current fuel cell current when the deviation value between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range.

[0015] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, a fuel cell hydrogen supply control method as described in any one of the above items is implemented.

[0016] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system provided by the present invention, by providing a plurality of flow control units with different calibers of the gas outlets, by providing a plurality of nozzles with different calibers, and the nozzles correspond to the flow control units one by one, can adjust the pressure and flow of the hydrogen entering the stack by adjusting the opening of each flow control unit, thereby ensuring that the fluctuation degree of the hydrogen entering the stack flow is small under different operating points, and the entering stack pressure is relatively stable, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art of poor accuracy and stability of hydrogen flow control, easy occurrence of excessive overshoot, large fluctuation of hydrogen flow, and unstable hydrogen pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack.

[0017] The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method of the present invention, when the deviation value between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range, determines the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current fuel cell stack current, which not only avoids over-reliance on experience, but also realizes online adjustment, so that the adjustment of the flow control unit opening is more timely and accurate, and can ensure that the actual pressure follows the target pressure change in time, and can ensure that the fluctuation degree of the hydrogen inlet flow rate is small under different operating points, and the inlet pressure is relatively stable, thereby solving the problems in the prior art of poor accuracy and stability of hydrogen flow control, easy occurrence of excessive overshoot, large fluctuation of hydrogen flow, and unstable hydrogen pressure at the fuel cell stack inlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is one of the flow charts of the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the second flow chart of the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen inlet pressure fluctuation curve using the traditional hydrogen supply control method.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen inlet pressure fluctuation curve of the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 100, flow control unit; 110, first proportional valve; 120, second proportional valve; 130, third proportional valve; 200, ejector; 300, fuel cell stack; 400, water vapor separator; 500, pressure relief valve; 610, first pressure detection component; 620, second pressure detection component; 630, third pressure detection component; 700, switch valve; 800, heat exchanger; 900, muffler; 810, processor; 820, communication interface; 830, memory; 840, communication bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present invention, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B may be singular or plural. In the textual description of the present invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. In addition, it should be noted that the serial numbers themselves, such as "first", "second", etc., used to distinguish the objects described in the present invention are only used to distinguish the objects described, and do not have any order or technical meaning.

[0029] In the related art, the hydrogen supply system of the fuel cell engine has one of the following problems. The single ejector has a narrow working range during application, poor ejection effect in the low-power working area, and poor working stability, and is not suitable for high-power fuel cell systems. At the moment when the two proportional valves start working at the same time, the single ejector affects each other, and the hydrogen flow rate fluctuates greatly. The pressure fluctuation caused by the opening of the exhaust valve is not taken into account, which is likely to cause a large static error during steady-state operation, and the hydrogen inlet pressure overshoot is more serious during load changes. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, a hydrogen supply control method, a device and an electronic device.

[0030] Combine the following Figures 1 to 7 The fuel cell hydrogen supply system, hydrogen supply control method, device and electronic device of the present invention are described in detail. The executor of the hydrogen supply control method is a controller or a server. The server may refer to a single server, or a server cluster, a cloud server, etc. composed of multiple servers. The electronic device may be a personal computer (PC), a portable device, a laptop computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a portable wearable device and other devices. The present invention does not specifically limit the specific form of the electronic device or server. Furthermore, the hydrogen supply control method can also be applied to a fuel cell hydrogen supply control device provided in an electronic device or a server, and the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of the two. The following describes the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method by taking the executor of the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method as an example.

[0031] In order to facilitate understanding of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system and hydrogen supply control method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system and hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below through the following exemplary embodiments. It can be understood that the following exemplary embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes multiple flow control units 100, an ejector 200 and a stack 300; the air inlet ends of the multiple flow control units 100 are used to communicate with the air outlet end of the hydrogen storage system; the calibers of the air outlets of the multiple flow control units 100 are different. The air inlet end of the ejector 200 has multiple nozzles; the nozzles are connected to the air outlet of the flow control unit 100, the calibers of the multiple nozzles are different, and the multiple nozzles correspond one to one with the air outlets of the multiple flow control units 100. The air inlet end of the stack 300 is connected to the air outlet end of the ejector 200.

[0033] In this embodiment, by setting a plurality of flow control units 100 with different diameters of the gas outlets and by setting a plurality of nozzles with different diameters, and the nozzles correspond one to one with the flow control units 100, the pressure and flow rate of the hydrogen entering the stack can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of each flow control unit 100, thereby ensuring that the fluctuation degree of the hydrogen flow rate entering the stack is small under different operating points and the pressure entering the stack is relatively stable, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art of poor accuracy and stability of hydrogen flow control, easy occurrence of excessive overshoot, large fluctuations in the hydrogen flow rate, and unstable hydrogen pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack 300.

[0034] Further, the flow control unit 100 includes but is not limited to a proportional valve, a throttle valve, a speed regulating valve or a relief throttle valve. Preferably, the flow control unit 100 is a proportional valve.

[0035] Exemplarily, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes three proportional valves, which are named as the first proportional valve 110, the second proportional valve 120 and the third proportional valve 130 for the convenience of description; wherein the calibers of the gas outlets of the first proportional valve 110, the second proportional valve 120 and the third proportional valve 130 increase in sequence. Correspondingly, the air inlet of the ejector 200 is provided with three nozzles, which are named as the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the third nozzle for the convenience of description; wherein the calibers of the first nozzle, the second nozzle and the third nozzle increase in sequence. The first nozzle is connected to the gas outlet of the first proportional valve 110, the second nozzle is connected to the gas outlet of the second proportional valve 120, and the third nozzle is connected to the gas outlet of the third proportional valve 130.

[0036] Furthermore, the plurality of nozzles are coaxially arranged. In other words, the nozzle with a larger caliber is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle with a smaller caliber.

[0037] It is understandable that the fuel cell hydrogen supply system may also include two proportional valves, four proportional valves, five proportional valves, etc. In this embodiment, there is no limitation on the number of proportional valves.

[0038] Furthermore, the caliber of the nozzle is equal to the caliber of the air outlet of the corresponding proportional valve.

[0039] Furthermore, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a water vapor separator 400; the water vapor separator 400 is arranged between the gas outlet end of the fuel cell stack 300 and the return end of the ejector 200 to form a loop. When the liquid in the water vapor separator 400 reaches the upper limit, the liquid in the water vapor separator 400 is discharged through the drain valve, and the mixed gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust valve.

[0040] In some embodiments, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a pressure relief valve 500; the air inlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 is connected to the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack 300, and the air outlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 is connected to the atmosphere. When the proportional valve fails, the pressure of the pipeline between the air outlet end of the ejector 200 and the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack 300 increases, and the pressure relief valve 500 opens to play a role in safety protection.

[0041] In some embodiments, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a pressure detection unit; the pressure detection unit includes a first pressure detection component 610; the first pressure detection component 610 is disposed at the air inlet end of the fuel cell stack 300, and is used to detect the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack.

[0042] Specifically, the first pressure detecting member 610 may include a pressure sensor.

[0043] Furthermore, the pressure detection unit further includes a plurality of second pressure detection members 620; the second pressure detection members 620 are used to detect the pressure at the outlet of the flow control unit 100; the plurality of second pressure detection members 620 correspond one to one with the plurality of flow control units 100. The second pressure detection members 620 are used to monitor the pressure at the outlet of the flow control unit 100.

[0044] Furthermore, the pressure detection unit also includes a third pressure detection component 630 ; the third pressure detection component 630 is disposed at the gas outlet end of the fuel cell stack 300 , and is used to monitor the pressure at the gas outlet end of the fuel cell stack 300 .

[0045] In some embodiments, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a switch valve 700 ; the air inlet end of the switch valve 700 is used to communicate with the hydrogen storage system, and the air outlet end of the switch valve 700 is communicated with the air inlet end of the flow control unit 100 .

[0046] In some embodiments, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a heat exchanger 800; the heat exchanger 800 is disposed at the air inlet end of the switch valve 700. The temperature of the hydrogen entering the flow control unit 100 can be adjusted by disposing the heat exchanger 800.

[0047] In some embodiments, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a muffler 900 ; the muffler 900 is disposed at the outlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 to reduce the sound of exhaust gas from the outlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 .

[0048] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system of the present invention is described in detail below by taking the fuel cell hydrogen supply system including the first proportional valve 110 , the second proportional valve 120 and the third proportional valve 130 as an example.

[0049] The air inlet of the switch valve 700 is connected to the hydrogen storage system through the heat exchanger 800, and the air outlet of the switch valve 700 is connected to the air inlet of the first proportional valve 110, the air inlet of the second proportional valve 120, and the air inlet of the third proportional valve 130. The air outlet of the first proportional valve 110 is connected to the first nozzle, the air outlet of the second proportional valve 120 is connected to the second nozzle, and the third proportional valve 130 is connected to the third nozzle; wherein the calibers of the air outlets of the first proportional valve 110, the second proportional valve 120, and the third proportional valve 130 increase in sequence. The caliber of the air outlet of the first proportional valve 110 is the same as that of the first nozzle, the caliber of the air outlet of the second proportional valve 120 is the same as that of the second nozzle, and the caliber of the air outlet of the third proportional valve 130 is the same as that of the third nozzle. The outlet end of the ejector 200 is connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 300, and the outlet end of the fuel cell stack 300 is connected to the reflux end of the ejector 200 through the water vapor separator 400 to form a loop. The inlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 is connected to the inlet end of the fuel cell stack 300, and the outlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 is connected to the atmosphere, and the outlet end of the pressure relief valve 500 is provided with a muffler 900, and the muffler is used to reduce or even eliminate the sound of exhaust from the outlet end of the pressure relief valve 500. The hydrogen supply system using this embodiment can realize adaptive real-time adjustment of the proportional valve opening under all working conditions, greatly improve the steady-state accuracy of the hydrogen inlet pressure control through the switching adjustment of the three-stage proportional valve, and achieve the goal of accurate and rapid response to the target pressure.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply control method. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method can adopt the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of any of the above embodiments. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method includes the following steps.

[0051] S100, obtaining the current stack current and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack.

[0052] Specifically, an ammeter may be used to collect the current stack current, and a first pressure detection component may be used to collect the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control device obtains the current stack current from the ammeter and obtains the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack from the first pressure detection component.

[0053] S200 , based on the current fuel cell stack current, determining a set hydrogen inlet pressure value corresponding to the current fuel cell stack current.

[0054] Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device can determine the corresponding hydrogen inlet pressure setting value based on the current stack current and the corresponding relationship between the stack current and the hydrogen inlet pressure setting value.

[0055] It can be understood that the corresponding relationship between the stack current and the set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is preset in advance in the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device.

[0056] S300: When the deviation between the actual pressure of hydrogen entering the stack and the set pressure of hydrogen entering the stack is not within the deviation threshold range, determine the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation and the current stack current.

[0057] Specifically, when the deviation between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device determines the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current.

[0058] The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method of the present embodiment, when the deviation value between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range, determines the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current fuel cell stack current. This can not only avoid over-reliance on experience, but also achieve online adjustment, so that the adjustment of the flow control unit opening is more timely and accurate, and can ensure that the actual pressure follows the target pressure change in time, and can ensure that the fluctuation degree of the hydrogen inlet flow rate is small under different operating points, and the inlet pressure is relatively stable, which solves the problems in the prior art of poor accuracy and stability of hydrogen flow control, easy occurrence of excessive overshoot, large fluctuation of hydrogen flow, and unstable hydrogen pressure at the fuel cell stack inlet.

[0059] It can be understood that the change in the amount of hydrogen delivered includes an increase in the amount of hydrogen delivered and a decrease in the amount of hydrogen delivered. The change in the stack current includes an increase in the stack current and a decrease in the stack current.

[0060] It should be noted that an increase in the amount of hydrogen delivered or an increase in the stack current indicates that the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is in a load-up process. A decrease in the amount of hydrogen delivered or a decrease in the stack current indicates that the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is in a load-down process.

[0061] It should be noted that the deviation threshold range is preset in advance in the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control device can compare the deviation value with the deviation threshold range to determine whether the deviation value is within the deviation threshold range.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the deviation value is within the deviation threshold range, the current opening degree of the flow control unit is maintained.

[0063] Specifically, when the deviation value is within the deviation threshold range, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device is used to maintain the current opening of all proportional valves, which means that the opening of the proportional valve does not need to be adjusted at this time.

[0064] In some embodiments, determining the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current includes: Determining a first opening adjustment amount according to the deviation value; Determining a second opening adjustment amount according to the current stack current; The adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit is determined according to the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount.

[0065] Specifically, the deviation value is processed by a fuzzy PID control algorithm or an ADRC algorithm to determine a first opening adjustment amount; the current stack current is feed-forward controlled to determine a second opening adjustment amount; and the sum of the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount is used as the opening adjustment amount of the flow control unit.

[0066] This embodiment adopts a hydrogen pressure control algorithm that combines current feedforward control with fuzzy PID control of pressure feedback, which has a strong ability to suppress disturbances caused by load current changes and exhaust valve opening and closing, so that the hydrogen pressure tracking control is accurate and fast.

[0067] In some implementations, before determining the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current, the method further includes: Based on the changes in the amount of hydrogen delivered or the changes in the stack current, determine the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted.

[0068] Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device determines the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted based on the change in the amount of hydrogen delivered or the change in the stack current. This can further refine the prerequisite for determining the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening, so that the adjustment of the flow control unit opening is more in line with the actual working conditions, and can further refine the change in hydrogen flow and pressure into the stack, which can ensure that the fluctuation of the hydrogen flow into the stack is smaller and the pressure is more stable.

[0069] Further, based on the change of the amount of hydrogen delivered or the change of the stack current, determining the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted includes: When the amount of hydrogen delivered increases or the stack current increases, the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted is determined in the order of the diameter of the gas outlet from small to large; When the amount of hydrogen delivered decreases or the stack current decreases, the flow control unit needs to be adjusted in the order of the outlet diameter from large to small. The flow control unit can be adjusted step by step under different working conditions to further stabilize the flow and pressure of hydrogen entering the stack.

[0070] Specifically, when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is in the process of increasing the load, the control device first determines whether the opening of the small-diameter proportional valve reaches the upper opening threshold. When the opening of the small-diameter proportional valve reaches the upper opening threshold, the control device determines the adjustment amount of the large-diameter proportional valve opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current. When the opening of the small-diameter proportional valve does not reach the upper opening threshold, the control device determines the adjustment amount of the small-diameter proportional valve opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current. The hierarchical control of the hydrogen flow rate into the stack can be achieved, so that the hydrogen flow rate into the stack increases step by step, and the hydrogen flow rate and pressure into the stack are stabilized.

[0071] When the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is in the process of load reduction, the control device first determines whether the opening of the large-diameter proportional valve reaches the upper opening threshold. When the opening of the large-diameter proportional valve reaches the lower opening threshold, the control device determines the adjustment amount of the small-diameter proportional valve opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current. When the opening of the large-diameter proportional valve does not reach the lower opening threshold, the control device determines the adjustment amount of the large-diameter proportional valve opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current. The hierarchical control of the hydrogen flow rate into the stack can be achieved, so that the hydrogen flow rate into the stack is reduced step by step, and the hydrogen flow rate and pressure into the stack are stabilized.

[0072] by Figure 1 The fuel cell hydrogen supply system shown in the figure is taken as an example to explain the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method of the present invention in detail.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S100, obtaining the current stack current and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack.

[0074] S200 , determining a corresponding set pressure value for hydrogen gas entering the stack based on a current stack current and a corresponding relationship between the current stack current and a set pressure value for hydrogen gas entering the stack.

[0075] S310, judging whether the deviation between the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack and the set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is within the deviation threshold range; if so, maintaining the current opening of the proportional valve. If not, proceeding to S320.

[0076] S320, determine whether the hydrogen supply system is in the process of loading; if so, proceed to S331; if not, proceed to S341.

[0077] S331, determine whether the diameter of the air outlet of the first proportional valve reaches the upper opening threshold, if yes, proceed to S332; if not, proceed to S351; S332, determine whether the diameter of the air outlet of the second proportional valve reaches the upper opening threshold, if yes, proceed to S333; if not, proceed to S352; S333, determine whether the diameter of the air outlet of the third proportional valve reaches the upper opening threshold. If so, the system alarms and shuts down, indicating that the front-end air source pressure is insufficient; if not, proceed to S353.

[0078] S341, determine whether the diameter of the air outlet of the third proportional valve reaches the lower limit opening threshold, if so, proceed to S342; if not, proceed to S353.

[0079] S342, determine whether the diameter of the air outlet of the second proportional valve reaches the lower limit opening threshold, if so, proceed to S343; if not, proceed to S352.

[0080] S343, determine whether the diameter of the air outlet of the first proportional valve reaches the lower limit opening threshold, if so, the system shuts down; if not, proceed to S351.

[0081] S351. Determine the adjustment amount of the first proportional valve opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current. Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device uses a fuzzy PID control algorithm or an ADRC algorithm to process the deviation value to determine the first opening adjustment amount. The control device uses a feedforward controller to process the current stack current to determine the second opening adjustment amount. Finally, the control device uses the sum of the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount as the adjustment amount of the second proportional valve opening.

[0082] S352. Determine the adjustment amount of the second proportional valve opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current. Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device uses a fuzzy PID control algorithm or an ADRC algorithm to process the deviation value to determine the first opening adjustment amount. The control device uses a feedforward controller to process the current stack current to determine the second opening adjustment amount. Finally, the control device uses the sum of the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount as the adjustment amount of the second proportional valve opening.

[0083] S353. Determine the adjustment amount of the opening of the third proportional valve according to the deviation value and the current stack current. Specifically, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control device uses a fuzzy PID control algorithm or an ADRC algorithm to process the deviation value to determine the first opening adjustment amount. The control device uses a feedforward controller to process the current stack current to determine the second opening adjustment amount. Finally, the control device uses the sum of the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount as the adjustment amount of the opening of the third proportional valve.

[0084] The control strategy in this embodiment adopts a hydrogen pressure control algorithm that combines load current feedforward control with fuzzy PID control of pressure feedback, which can not only suppress the large-scale pressure overshoot when the working condition changes by monitoring the load current change, but also adjust the proportional valve opening in real time under all working conditions through the algorithm combining fuzzy control and PID. The hydrogen pressure control algorithm that combines load current feedforward control with fuzzy PID control of pressure feedback has a strong ability to suppress the disturbance of load current change and exhaust valve opening and closing, making the hydrogen pressure follow-up control accurate and fast.

[0085] At the same time, in different power ranges, the three proportional valves correspond to different injection nozzles, and the pressure adjustment of each operating point is smoother and the fluctuation range is smaller, regardless of the hydrogen inlet fluctuation caused by load change, water and nitrogen discharge instants, and air side inlet pressure fluctuations. The three-proportional valve three-nozzle hydrogen supply system has a large working range, which can meet the use requirements of the fuel cell stack at different powers, reducing the system volume, mass and cost.

[0086] Figure 4 This is a hydrogen inlet pressure fluctuation curve diagram using the traditional fuel cell hydrogen supply control method. Figure 5 This is a hydrogen inlet pressure fluctuation curve of the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the present invention. To ensure that the system can effectively operate under the working conditions required for the operation of the fuel cell stack and meet the hydrogen pressure fluctuation requirements on the hydrogen side under different operating conditions, including the instantaneous hydrogen fluctuation caused by hydrogen supply during steady-state operation and exhaust and drainage, the actual fluctuation of the hydrogen pressure is set within ±3kPaA of its set value. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The set value of the hydrogen inlet pressure is the actual inlet pressure on the air side plus 20kPaA, so as to keep the hydrogen-air pressure difference at 20kPaA. Under the traditional PID control method, although the actual inlet pressure can be kept within the allowable range when the set value of the inlet pressure is small, as the set pressure value becomes higher, the fluctuation range becomes larger, seriously exceeding the control range of ±3kPaA. Too high a frequency of fluctuation of the actual inlet pressure will cause large fluctuations in the average voltage of the fuel cell stack, and will have a greater impact on the performance of the proton exchange membrane inside the fuel cell stack, which is not conducive to the long-term operation of the fuel-fired power system. Figure 5It can be seen that the control method provided by the present invention can ensure that the fluctuation range of the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is always within the control range of ±3 kPaA.

[0087] like Figure 6 As shown, the third aspect of the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply control device. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control device includes an acquisition module, a first determination module and a second determination module.

[0088] The acquisition module is used to obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack. Specifically, the acquisition module obtains the current stack current from the ammeter and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack from the first pressure detection component.

[0089] The first determination module is used to determine the hydrogen gas injection pressure setting value corresponding to the current fuel cell current based on the current fuel cell current. Specifically, the first determination module is used to determine the corresponding hydrogen gas injection pressure setting value according to the current fuel cell current and the corresponding relationship between the current fuel cell current and the hydrogen gas injection pressure setting value.

[0090] The second determination module is used to determine the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current when the deviation value between the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack and the set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is not within the deviation threshold range. Specifically, the second determination module is used to determine the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted in the order of the diameter of the gas outlet from small to large when the amount of hydrogen delivered increases or the current of the stack increases. The second determination module is used to determine the flow control unit that needs to be adjusted in the order of the diameter of the gas outlet from large to small when the amount of hydrogen delivered decreases or the current of the stack decreases. The second determination module is used to determine the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening according to the deviation value and the current stack current.

[0091] Figure 7 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communications interface 820, a memory 830 and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communications interface 820 and the memory 830 communicate with each other via the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call the logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method, which includes: Obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure of hydrogen entering the stack; Based on the current stack current, determine a set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack corresponding to the current stack current; When the deviation between the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack and the set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is not within the deviation threshold range, the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening is determined according to the deviation value and the current stack current.

[0092] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 830 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0093] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, the computer program can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the above methods, the method includes: Obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure of hydrogen entering the stack; Based on the current stack current, determine a set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack corresponding to the current stack current; When the deviation between the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack and the set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is not within the deviation threshold range, the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening is determined according to the deviation value and the current stack current.

[0094] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented when the computer program is executed by a processor to execute the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method provided by the above methods, the method comprising: Obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure of hydrogen entering the stack; Based on the current stack current, determine a set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack corresponding to the current stack current; When the deviation between the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack and the set pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack is not within the deviation threshold range, the adjustment amount of the flow control unit opening is determined according to the deviation value and the current stack current.

[0095] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0096] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of flow control units (100), wherein the gas inlet ends of the plurality of flow control units (100) are all used to communicate with the gas outlet end of the hydrogen storage system; and the gas outlets of the plurality of flow control units (100) have different calibers; An ejector (200), wherein the air inlet end of the ejector (200) has a plurality of nozzles; the nozzles are in communication with the air outlet of the flow control unit (100); the plurality of nozzles have different calibers; and the plurality of nozzles correspond one to one with the air outlets of the plurality of flow control units (100); A fuel cell stack (300), wherein an air inlet end of the fuel cell stack (300) is connected to an air outlet end of the ejector (200).

2. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A pressure relief valve (500), wherein an air inlet end of the pressure relief valve (500) is connected to an air inlet end of the fuel cell stack (300), and an air outlet end of the pressure relief valve (500) is connected to the atmosphere.

3. A fuel cell hydrogen supply control method, characterized in that: For the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1 or 2, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method comprises: Obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure of hydrogen entering the stack; Based on the current stack current, determining a set pressure value of hydrogen inlet corresponding to the current stack current; When the deviation between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range, the adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit (100) is determined according to the deviation value and the current fuel cell current.

4. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit (100) according to the deviation value and the current stack current comprises: Determining a first opening adjustment amount according to the deviation value; Determining a second opening adjustment amount according to the current stack current; The opening adjustment amount of the flow control unit (100) is determined according to the first opening adjustment amount and the second opening adjustment amount.

5. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining the first opening adjustment amount according to the deviation value includes: processing the deviation value using a fuzzy PID control algorithm or an ADRC algorithm to determine the first opening adjustment amount; Determining the second opening adjustment amount according to the current battery stack current includes: performing feed-forward control on the current battery stack current to determine the second opening adjustment amount.

6. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: When the deviation value is within the deviation threshold range, the current opening degree of the flow control unit (100) is maintained.

7. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: Before determining the adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit (100) according to the deviation value and the current stack current, the method further comprises: Based on the change in the amount of hydrogen delivered or the change in the stack current, the flow control unit (100) that needs to be adjusted is determined.

8. The fuel cell hydrogen supply control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The determining of the flow control unit (100) that needs to be adjusted based on the change in the amount of hydrogen delivered or the change in the stack current comprises: When the amount of hydrogen delivered increases or the current of the fuel cell stack increases, determining the flow control unit (100) that needs to be adjusted in order of the diameter of the gas outlet from small to large; When the amount of hydrogen delivered decreases or the current of the fuel cell stack decreases, the flow control unit (100) that needs to be adjusted is determined in order of the diameters of the gas outlets from large to small.

9. A fuel cell hydrogen supply control device, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the current stack current and the actual pressure value of hydrogen entering the stack; A first determination module is used to determine, based on the current fuel cell stack current, a set pressure value of hydrogen gas entering the fuel cell stack corresponding to the current fuel cell stack current; The second determination module is used to determine the adjustment amount of the opening of the flow control unit (100) according to the deviation value and the current fuel cell current when the deviation value between the actual hydrogen inlet pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is not within the deviation threshold range.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the fuel cell hydrogen supply control method according to any one of claims 3 to 8 is implemented.

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