Coal bunker arch breaking device and method based on flexible telescopic mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal bunker arch breaking device and method based on a flexible telescopic mechanism. According to the device, a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of humidity sensors are installed at different positions of the inner side wall of a coal bunker correspondingly; the flexible telescopic arch breaking mechanism comprises a locking unit and a driving unit; the locking unit comprises a vertical baffle plate, a state conversion track and a flexible chain; the state conversion track is arranged in the pair of vertical baffles; the flexible chain is in a flexible state when being in the state conversion track, and is in a rigid state when being separated from the pair of vertical baffles; the driving unit comprises a driving chain wheel and a driving motor; the driving chain wheel is meshed with the flexible chain; the method comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring a pressure signal, a temperature signal and a humidity signal, and sending the signals to the microcontroller; and whether the arching phenomenon occurs or not is judged, and when the arching phenomenon occurs, the flexible chain is used for conveying the air cannon hose into the coal bunker for arch breaking operation. According to the device and the method, the arching phenomenon can be intelligently judged, and the arch breaking operation can be automatically carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal bunker arch breakers, and in particular relates to a coal bunker arch breaking device and an arch breaking method based on a flexible telescopic mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Coal bunkers are mainly used to store and sort coal in the mine production system and serve as a transfer point for coal transportation. Therefore, coal bunkers play an important role in ensuring coal quality and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of mines. However, due to a series of reasons such as the inner wall of the coal bunker is not smooth enough, the surface area of ​​the coal powder particles is increased, the moisture content of the coal powder after absorbing moisture from the air is high, the coal powder is stored for a long time, and the structural design defects of the coal bunker often cause the coal bunker to bulge.

[0003] At present, the traditional arch breaking methods commonly used include manual arch breaking method and blasting vibration arch breaking method. The manual arch breaking method has the disadvantages of high labor cost and high risk. Therefore, some new arch breaking methods have gradually emerged. Although the new arch breaking methods have improved the arch breaking effect to a certain extent, they still have disadvantages such as low precision and weak stability.

[0004] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the traditional coal bunker arch breaking method has the disadvantages of high risk and high labor cost, while the existing new coal bunker arch breaking method has the disadvantages of low accuracy and weak stability. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a new arch breaking device and method with good safety factor, high control accuracy and strong stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a coal bunker arch breaking device and arch breaking method based on a flexible telescopic mechanism. The device has high reliability, good stability and a high degree of automation. It can not only conveniently and efficiently determine the arching phenomenon, but also conveniently and efficiently transport the air cannon hose to a predetermined arch breaking position for arch breaking operations through the rigid-flexible conversion characteristics of the flexible chain. The implementation process of the method is simple and the degree of automation is high. It can intelligently determine the arching phenomenon and automatically perform arch breaking operations, which can significantly reduce labor costs and at the same time improve the safety factor during the operation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, comprising a coal bunker, an arch monitoring mechanism, a flexible telescopic arch breaking mechanism, an air cannon hose and a control unit;

[0007] The coal bunker suspended support is arranged on the ground, and the arch monitoring mechanism comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of humidity sensors and a controller, wherein the plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of humidity sensors are respectively installed at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker;

[0008] The flexible telescopic arch-breaking mechanism comprises a locking unit and a driving unit;

[0009] The locking unit includes a vertical baffle, a state conversion track and a flexible chain;

[0010] A pair of vertical baffles are supported at intervals below the coal bunker, and a flat accommodating cavity is formed between the two. At the same time, a pair of axial holes are opened in the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles on the right side of the coal bunker; a state conversion track distributed around the pair of axial holes is arranged between the pair of vertical baffles; the state conversion track includes a pair of guide chutes 1 and a pair of guide chutes 2 which are relatively opened on the inner side surfaces of the pair of vertical baffles, the pair of guide chutes 1 are located on the inner side of the pair of guide chutes 2, and are parallel to the pair of guide chutes 2; the pair of guide chutes 1 include an upper horizontal section 1 located at the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles, a lower horizontal section 1 located at the lower part of the pair of vertical baffles, and a second horizontal section 1 which smoothly transitions and connects the right end of the upper horizontal section 1 and the right end of the lower horizontal section 1. An arc section A, a vertical section 1 located below the coal bunker, and a first arc section B that smoothly transitions and connects a lower end of the vertical section with a left end of a lower horizontal section 1, wherein the left end of the upper horizontal section 1 forms a limit end, and the upper end of the vertical section 1 extends to the upper end of a pair of vertical baffles; a pair of guide chutes 2 include an upper horizontal section 2 located at the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles, a lower horizontal section 2 located at the lower part of the pair of vertical baffles, a second arc section A that smoothly transitions and connects the right end of the upper horizontal section 2 and the right end of the lower horizontal section 2, a vertical section 2 located below the coal bunker, and a second arc section B that smoothly transitions and connects the lower end of the vertical section 2 with the left end of the lower horizontal section 2, wherein the left end of the upper horizontal section 2 forms a limit end, and the upper end of the vertical section 2 extends to the upper end of the pair of vertical baffles;

[0011] The flexible chain is composed of a plurality of chain block monomers connected in sequence, and the chain block monomers include an inner chain plate, a connecting pin shaft, an outer chain plate, a locking sleeve, an elastic locking pin shaft, a locking slider and a compression spring; a pair of inner chain plates are relatively distributed at a certain distance, and two pairs of inner mounting holes are spaced apart at the left and right ends of the top, and at the same time, a pair of positioning holes are relatively opened in the central area of ​​the pair of inner chain plates, and each positioning hole is composed of two arc holes that are symmetrical and interconnected with each other; a pair of outer chain plates are relatively distributed on the outer sides of the pair of inner chain plates, and Two outer mounting holes are provided at intervals on the left and right ends of the top, and the pair of outer mounting holes on the right side are aligned with the pair of inner mounting holes on the left side of the pair of inner link plates. At the same time, two pairs of arc-shaped notches are provided in the middle sections of the side ends of the pair of outer link plates, each pair of arc-shaped notches is matched with a pair of arc-shaped holes, and the inner diameter of the open end of the arc-shaped notch is smaller than the inner diameter of the closed end thereof; two connecting pins are respectively connected to the two outer mounting holes on the pair of outer link plates, and a connecting pin on the right side simultaneously passes through the pair of inner mounting holes on the left side of the pair of inner link plates, so as to form A pair of outer link plates and a pair of inner link plates are connected; the portion of the connecting pin between the pair of inner link plates has a section of annular step; the two ends of the annular step are respectively matched with the pair of inner link plates; the locking sleeve is located between the pair of positioning holes, and its two ends are respectively abutted against the pair of inner link plates, and at the same time, two annular recesses are provided on the inner side of its two end portions on the outer side of its inner cavity; a pair of elastic locking pins are relatively inserted into the pair of positioning holes, and the end close to each other is slidably inserted into the locking sleeve; the shape of the locking slider is similar to The shapes of the positioning holes are adapted, and a connecting hole adapted to the elastic locking pin is opened in the center thereof; a pair of locking sliders are relatively distributed on both sides of the outside of the locking sleeve, and are respectively fixedly sleeved on the pair of elastic locking pins through the connecting holes; a pair of compression springs are relatively sleeved on the outside of the pair of elastic locking pins, and the ends thereof close to each other are respectively fixedly inserted in the two annular concave platforms, and the ends thereof far away are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side surfaces of the two locking sliders; a pair of outer chain plates and a pair of inner chain plates in adjacent chain block monomers are connected by connecting pins;

[0012] The flexible chain is arranged in a flat accommodating cavity between a pair of vertical baffles along the track of the state conversion track, and a section of the flexible chain extends vertically from the vertical section of the state conversion track and extends to the discharge port of the coal bunker; at the same time, the two ends of multiple connecting pins in the flexible chain are respectively slidably set in a pair of guide slide grooves 1, and the two ends of multiple pairs of elastic locking pins in the flexible chain are respectively slidably set in a pair of guide slide grooves 2; when the two ends of multiple pairs of elastic locking pins in the flexible chain are slidably set in a pair of guide slide grooves 2, the multiple pairs of locking sliders on the multiple pairs of elastic locking pins are completely embedded in the corresponding pair of positioning holes, and when the two ends of multiple pairs of elastic locking pins in the flexible chain reach the outside of a pair of vertical baffles, the multiple pairs of locking sliders on the multiple pairs of elastic locking pins are simultaneously embedded in the corresponding pair of positioning holes and arc-shaped notches to relatively lock the inner chain plate and the outer chain plate;

[0013] The driving unit comprises a driving sprocket and a driving motor;

[0014] The driving sprocket is rotatably arranged in a flat accommodating cavity between a pair of vertical baffles, and the short shafts at both ends thereof are rotatably connected to a pair of shaft holes through bearings. At the same time, the driving sprocket is meshed with the middle sections of a plurality of connecting pins in the flexible chain; the driving motor is installed on the outside of the pair of vertical baffles, and its output shaft is connected to the short shaft at one end of the driving sprocket;

[0015] The air cannon hose is installed inside the flexible chain, and its outlet end is flush with one end of the flexible chain extending into the coal bunker discharge port, and its other end extends from the other end of the flexible chain and is connected to the high-pressure air pump;

[0016] The control unit includes an alarm and a microcontroller. The alarm is installed outside the coal bunker; the microcontroller is installed outside the coal bunker and is respectively connected to the alarm, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, drive motor and high-pressure air pump.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the installation of the air cannon hose, the flexible chain is provided with an air cannon mounting plate between the multiple pairs of inner chain plates, and the air cannon hose is mounted on the air cannon mounting plate.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, a microcontroller mounting plate is installed on the outside of the coal bunker, and the microcontroller is installed inside the microcontroller mounting plate.

[0019] As a preference, the chain block monomer is in a box-shaped structure as a whole.

[0020] Furthermore, in order to automatically adjust the size of the air cannon shock wave so that the arch breaking operation can be performed by a suitable shock wave, thereby avoiding damage to the coal bunker due to excessive shock waves, a flow valve is also included. The flow valve is serially connected to the air cannon hose and is connected to the microcontroller.

[0021] In the present invention, by arranging a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of humidity sensors at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker, it is convenient to collect the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker in real time, and then the arching phenomenon can be accurately determined according to the abnormal conditions of the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data. The flexible chain is composed of a plurality of chain block monomers connected in sequence, and at the same time, a pair of outer chain plates in each chain block monomer are movably connected to a pair of inner chain plates through a connecting pin shaft, so that the pair of inner chain plates can rotate at a certain angle relative to the pair of outer chain plates around the connecting pin shaft. A pair of positioning holes are opened in the central area of ​​a pair of inner link plates, and at the same time, a locking sleeve is arranged in the pair of positioning holes, and then two elastic locking pins are slidably inserted in the opposite ends of the locking sleeve. At the same time, two locking sliders corresponding to the pair of positioning holes are mounted on the two elastic locking pins, and an arc-shaped notch is opened on the side end of the outer link plate. When the two locking sliders are fully embedded in the pair of positioning holes, the pair of inner link plates in each chain block monomer can have a certain rotation angle relative to the pair of outer link plates. In addition, when the two locking sliders are embedded in the pair of positioning holes and the arc-shaped notch at the same time, the locking slider can be used to lock the connection state of the pair of outer link plates and the pair of outer link plates, so that the pair of inner link plates and the pair of outer link plates are converted into a fixed connection state. As a result, the flexible chain can be in a flexible state or a rigid state, meeting the requirements of different working conditions. A pair of guide slots 1 and 2 are provided between a pair of vertical baffles. The pair of guide slots 2 can be used to provide guide tracks for multiple connecting pins on the flexible chain, so that the flexible chain can move along the track of the guide slots between the pair of vertical baffles. At the same time, the pair of guide slots 2 can be used to limit the relative distance between multiple pairs of elastic locking pins on the flexible chain, so that when the flexible chain is between the pair of vertical baffles, the pair of locking sliders on each pair of elastic locking pins are completely embedded in the pair of positioning holes, so that the pair of inner chain plates in each chain block monomer can have a certain rotation angle relative to the pair of outer chain plates. In this way, the flexible chain can maintain a flexible state between the pair of vertical baffles and can move along the direction of the guide slots, thereby reducing the occupied space. A pair of compression springs are sleeved on each pair of elastic locking pins, and at the same time, one end of the compression spring is connected to the locking sleeve, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the locking slider, that is, the compression spring can be used to provide elastic force to the locking slider, so that when the flexible chain leaves the pair of vertical baffles, the pair of locking sliders can be pushed outward and embedded in the pair of positioning holes and arc-shaped notches at the same time, so as to realize the conversion of the flexible chain from a flexible state to a rigid state. At the same time, the pair of compression springs can also limit the displacement of the pair of locking sliders relative to the pair of outer chain plates, thereby ensuring that the maximum displacement state of the pair of locking sliders to the outside is the state of being embedded in the pair of positioning holes and arc-shaped notches at the same time.A pair of shaft holes are provided on a pair of vertical baffles, and the state conversion track is arranged around the pair of shaft holes, so that the drive sprocket can be installed in the pair of shaft holes. In this way, the drive sprocket can be driven by the drive motor, and then the drive motor can be used to drive the extension and retraction of the flexible chain. The air cannon hose is installed in the flexible chain, so that the air cannon hose can move with the movement of the flexible chain, and can also change with the change of the state of the flexible chain, which is conducive to the air cannon hose to move synchronously with the flexible chain, and then it is convenient to use the air cannon hose to perform arch breaking operations. Through the setting of the microcontroller, it is convenient to automatically determine whether the arching phenomenon occurs, and it is also convenient to automatically control the depth of the flexible chain extending into the coal bunker, so that it is convenient to use compressed air to perform convenient and efficient arch breaking operations.

[0022] The device has high reliability, good stability and a high degree of automation. It can not only conveniently and efficiently determine whether arching has occurred, but also conveniently and efficiently transport the air cannon hose to the predetermined arch breaking position for arch breaking operations through the rigid-flexible conversion characteristics of the flexible chain.

[0023] The present invention also provides a coal bunker arch breaking method based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, which uses a coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, and includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: using multiple pressure sensors to collect pressure signals at different positions inside the coal bunker and send them to the microcontroller; using multiple temperature sensors to collect temperature signals at different positions inside the coal bunker and send them to the microcontroller; using multiple humidity sensors to collect humidity signals at different positions inside the coal bunker and send them to the microcontroller;

[0025] Step 2: The microcontroller obtains pressure data at different positions in the coal bunker according to pressure signals at different positions in the coal bunker, obtains temperature data at different positions in the coal bunker according to temperature signals at different positions in the coal bunker, and obtains humidity data at different positions in the coal bunker according to humidity signals at different positions in the coal bunker;

[0026] A comprehensive analysis is performed on the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data at different positions. When any one of the pressure data is significantly higher than the normal pressure range, and at the same time, any one of the temperature data is significantly higher than the normal temperature range, or any one of the humidity data is significantly higher than the normal humidity range, it is determined that an arching phenomenon occurs in the coal bunker, and the microcontroller controls the alarm to sound an alarm. At the same time, the drive motor is controlled to start and work forward for a set time, so as to drive the end of the flexible chain to extend vertically into the coal bunker discharge port through the drive sprocket, and then the high-pressure air pump is controlled to start working, so as to output a high-pressure airflow through the air cannon hose to play a role in breaking the arch;

[0027] Step three: When the pressure data returns to the normal pressure range, the temperature data returns to the normal temperature range, and the humidity data returns to the normal humidity range, it is determined that the arch breaking operation is completed. The microcontroller controls the high-pressure air pump to stop working, controls the drive motor to start, and works in reverse for a set time to drive the flexible chain to retract into the state conversion track through the drive sprocket, and make the end of the flexible chain leave the coal bin discharge port.

[0028] The implementation process of the present invention is simple and has a high degree of automation. It can intelligently determine whether an arching phenomenon occurs and can automatically perform an arch breaking operation, which significantly reduces labor costs and improves the safety factor during the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure after removing the vertical baffle on one side;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical baffle in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chain block monomer in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of two adjacent chain block monomers in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1, coal bunker, 2, pressure sensor, 3, temperature sensor, 4, humidity sensor, 5, drive motor, 6, drive sprocket, 7, locking slider, 8, locking sleeve, 9, elastic locking pin, 10, compression spring, 11, vertical baffle, 12, flexible chain, 13, outer chain plate, 14, inner chain plate, 15, connecting pin, 16, annular step, 17, arc notch, 18, positioning hole, 19, annular concave platform, 20, guide slide groove one, 21, guide slide groove two, 22, upper horizontal section one, 23, lower horizontal section one, 24, first arc section A, 25, vertical section one, 26, first arc section B, 27, upper horizontal section two, 28, lower horizontal section two, 29, second arc section A, 30, vertical section two, 31, second arc section B, 32, shaft hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, comprising a coal bunker 1, an arch monitoring mechanism, a flexible telescopic arch breaking mechanism, an air cannon hose and a control unit;

[0037] The coal bunker 1 is suspended on the ground, and the arch monitoring mechanism includes a plurality of pressure sensors 2, a plurality of temperature sensors 3, a plurality of humidity sensors 4 and a controller. The plurality of pressure sensors 2, a plurality of temperature sensors 3 and a plurality of humidity sensors 4 are respectively installed at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker 1;

[0038] The flexible telescopic arch-breaking mechanism comprises a locking unit and a driving unit;

[0039] The locking unit includes a vertical baffle 11, a state conversion track and a flexible chain 12;

[0040] A pair of vertical baffles 11 are supported at intervals below the coal bunker 1, and a flat accommodating cavity is formed between the two. At the same time, a pair of axial holes 32 are opened in the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles 11 on the right side of the coal bunker 1; a state conversion track distributed around the pair of axial holes 22 is arranged between the pair of vertical baffles 11; the state conversion track includes a pair of guide chutes 1 20 and a pair of guide chutes 2 21 which are relatively opened on the inner side surfaces of the pair of vertical baffles 11, and the pair of guide chutes 1 20 are located on the inner side of the pair of guide chutes 2 21 and are parallel to the pair of guide chutes 2 21; the pair of guide chutes 1 20 include an upper horizontal section 1 22 located at the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles 11, a lower horizontal section 1 23 located at the lower part of the pair of vertical baffles 11, and a first arc section A which smoothly transitions and connects the right end of the upper horizontal section 1 22 and the right end of the lower horizontal section 1 23. 24. A vertical section 25 located below the coal bunker 1, a first arc section B26 smoothly transitioning and connecting the lower end of the vertical section 25 and the left end of the lower horizontal section 23, wherein the left end of the upper horizontal section 22 forms a limit end, and the upper end of the vertical section 25 extends to the upper end of a pair of vertical baffles 11; a pair of guide chutes 21 include an upper horizontal section 27 located at the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles 11, a lower horizontal section 28 located at the lower part of the pair of vertical baffles 11, a second arc section A29 smoothly transitioning and connecting the right end of the upper horizontal section 27 and the right end of the lower horizontal section 28, a vertical section 230 located below the coal bunker 1, and a second arc section B31 smoothly transitioning and connecting the lower end of the vertical section 230 and the left end of the lower horizontal section 28, wherein the left end of the upper horizontal section 27 forms a limit end, and the upper end of the vertical section 230 extends to the upper end of the pair of vertical baffles 11;

[0041] The flexible chain 12 is composed of a plurality of chain block monomers connected in sequence, and the chain block monomers include an inner chain plate 14, a connecting pin shaft 15, an outer chain plate 13, a locking sleeve 8, an elastic locking pin shaft 9, a locking slider 7 and a compression spring 10; a pair of inner chain plates 14 are relatively distributed at a certain distance, and two pairs of inner mounting holes are opened at intervals on the left and right ends of the top, and at the same time, a pair of positioning holes 18 are relatively opened in the central area of ​​the pair of inner chain plates 14, and each positioning hole 18 is composed of two arc holes that are symmetrical and interconnected with each other; a pair of outer chain plates 13 are relatively distributed on the outside of a pair of inner chain plates 14, and two outer mounting holes are opened at intervals on the left and right ends of the top, and a pair of The outer mounting holes are aligned with a pair of inner mounting holes on the left side of a pair of inner link plates 14. At the same time, two pairs of arc-shaped notches 17 are relatively opened in the middle sections of the side ends of the pair of outer link plates 13. Each pair of arc-shaped notches 17 is adapted to a pair of arc-shaped holes, and the inner diameter of the open end of the arc-shaped notch 17 is smaller than the inner diameter of its closed end. In this way, when the locking slider 7 enters the arc-shaped notch 17, the locking slider 7 can be limited by the open end of the arc-shaped notch 17 with a smaller inner diameter to prevent the locking slider 7 from escaping from the opening of the arc-shaped notch 17; the two connecting pins 15 are respectively connected to the two outer mounting holes on the pair of outer link plates 13, and the connecting pin 15 on the right side passes through the left and right sides of the pair of inner link plates 14 at the same time. A pair of inner mounting holes on the side are provided to establish a movable connection between a pair of outer link plates 13 and a pair of inner link plates 14; the portion of the connecting pin shaft 15 between the pair of inner link plates 14 has a section of annular step 16; the two ends of the annular step 16 are respectively limitedly matched with the pair of inner link plates 14; the locking sleeve 8 is located between a pair of positioning holes 18, and its two ends are respectively abutted against the pair of inner link plates 14, and at the same time, two annular recesses 19 are provided on the inner side of its two end portions on the outer side of its inner cavity; a pair of elastic locking pin shafts 9 are relatively inserted into the pair of positioning holes 18, and the end close to each other is slidably inserted into the locking sleeve 8; the shape of the locking slider 7 is adapted to the shape of the positioning hole 18, A connecting hole adapted to the elastic locking pin 9 is provided in the center thereof; a pair of locking sliders 7 are relatively distributed on both sides of the outside of the locking sleeve 8, and are fixedly sleeved on the pair of elastic locking pins 9 through the connecting holes. When the pair of locking sliders 7 are completely embedded in the pair of positioning holes 18, the corresponding pair of elastic locking pins 9 have clearance fit at the ends close to each other; a pair of compression springs 10 are relatively sleeved on the outside of the pair of elastic locking pins 9, and the ends close to each other are fixedly inserted in the two annular concave platforms 19, and the ends far away from each other are fixedly connected to the inner side surfaces of the two locking sliders 7; a pair of outer chain plates 13 and a pair of inner chain plates 14 in adjacent chain block monomers are connected by connecting pins 15;

[0042] The flexible chain 12 is arranged in a flat accommodating cavity between a pair of vertical baffles 11 along the track of the state conversion track, and a section of the flexible chain 12 extends vertically from the vertical section of the state conversion track and extends to the discharge port of the coal bunker 1; at the same time, the two ends of the multiple connecting pins 15 in the flexible chain 12 are respectively slidably arranged in a pair of guide grooves 1 20, and the two ends of the multiple pairs of elastic locking pins 9 in the flexible chain 12 are respectively slidably arranged in a pair of guide grooves 21; when the multiple pairs of elastic locking pins 9 in the flexible chain 12 are When the two ends of the flexible chain 12 are slidably arranged in a pair of guide slots 21, the multiple pairs of locking sliders 7 on the multiple pairs of elastic locking pin shafts 9 are completely embedded in the corresponding pair of positioning holes 18 to form a chain in a flexible state. When the two ends of the multiple pairs of elastic locking pin shafts 9 in the flexible chain 12 reach the outside of a pair of vertical baffles 11, the multiple pairs of locking sliders 7 on the multiple pairs of elastic locking pin shafts 9 are simultaneously embedded in the corresponding pair of positioning holes 18 and arc-shaped notches 17 to relatively lock the inner link plate 14 and the outer link plate 13 to form a chain in a rigid state.

[0043] The driving unit includes a driving sprocket 6 and a driving motor 5;

[0044] The driving sprocket 6 is rotatably arranged in a flat accommodating cavity between a pair of vertical baffles 11, and the short shafts at both ends thereof are rotatably connected to a pair of shaft holes 32 through bearings. At the same time, the driving sprocket 6 is meshed with the middle sections of a plurality of connecting pins 15 in the flexible chain 12; the driving motor 5 is installed on the outside of the pair of vertical baffles 11, and its output shaft is connected to the short shaft at one end of the driving sprocket 6;

[0045] The air cannon hose is installed inside the flexible chain 12, and its outlet end is flush with one end of the flexible chain 12 extending into the discharge port of the coal bunker 1, and its other end extends from the other end of the flexible chain 12 and is connected to the high-pressure air pump;

[0046] The control unit includes an alarm and a microcontroller. The alarm is installed outside the coal bunker 1; the microcontroller is installed outside the coal bunker 1 and is respectively connected to the alarm, pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, humidity sensor 4, drive motor 5 and high-pressure air pump.

[0047] In order to facilitate the installation of the air cannon hose, the flexible chain 12 is provided with an air cannon mounting plate between the multiple pairs of inner chain plates 14, and the air cannon hose is installed on the air cannon mounting plate.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, a microcontroller mounting plate is installed on the outside of the coal bunker 1, and the microcontroller is installed inside the microcontroller mounting plate.

[0049] As a preference, the chain block monomer is in a box-shaped structure as a whole.

[0050] In order to automatically adjust the size of the air cannon shock wave so that the arch breaking operation can be carried out by using a suitable shock wave, thereby avoiding damage to the coal bunker due to excessive shock waves, a flow valve is also included. The flow valve is connected in series to the air cannon hose and is connected to the microcontroller.

[0051] In the present invention, by arranging a plurality of pressure sensors, a plurality of temperature sensors and a plurality of humidity sensors at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker, it is convenient to collect the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker in real time, and then the arching phenomenon can be accurately determined according to the abnormal conditions of the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data. The flexible chain is composed of a plurality of chain block monomers connected in sequence, and at the same time, a pair of outer chain plates in each chain block monomer are movably connected to a pair of inner chain plates through a connecting pin shaft, so that the pair of inner chain plates can rotate at a certain angle relative to the pair of outer chain plates around the connecting pin shaft. A pair of positioning holes are opened in the central area of ​​a pair of inner link plates, and at the same time, a locking sleeve is arranged in the pair of positioning holes, and then two elastic locking pins are slidably inserted in the opposite ends of the locking sleeve. At the same time, two locking sliders corresponding to the pair of positioning holes are mounted on the two elastic locking pins, and an arc-shaped notch is opened on the side end of the outer link plate. When the two locking sliders are fully embedded in the pair of positioning holes, the pair of inner link plates in each chain block monomer can have a certain rotation angle relative to the pair of outer link plates. In addition, when the two locking sliders are embedded in the pair of positioning holes and the arc-shaped notch at the same time, the locking slider can be used to lock the connection state of the pair of outer link plates and the pair of outer link plates, so that the pair of inner link plates and the pair of outer link plates are converted into a fixed connection state. As a result, the flexible chain can be in a flexible state or a rigid state, meeting the requirements of different working conditions. A pair of guide slots 1 and 2 are provided between a pair of vertical baffles. The pair of guide slots 2 can be used to provide guide tracks for multiple connecting pins on the flexible chain, so that the flexible chain can move along the track of the guide slots between the pair of vertical baffles. At the same time, the pair of guide slots 2 can be used to limit the relative distance between multiple pairs of elastic locking pins on the flexible chain, so that when the flexible chain is between the pair of vertical baffles, the pair of locking sliders on each pair of elastic locking pins are completely embedded in the pair of positioning holes, so that the pair of inner chain plates in each chain block monomer can have a certain rotation angle relative to the pair of outer chain plates. In this way, the flexible chain can maintain a flexible state between the pair of vertical baffles and can move along the direction of the guide slots, thereby reducing the occupied space. A pair of compression springs are sleeved on each pair of elastic locking pins, and at the same time, one end of the compression spring is connected to the locking sleeve, and the other end of the compression spring is connected to the locking slider, that is, the compression spring can be used to provide elastic force to the locking slider, so that when the flexible chain leaves the pair of vertical baffles, the pair of locking sliders can be pushed outward and embedded in the pair of positioning holes and arc-shaped notches at the same time, so as to realize the conversion of the flexible chain from a flexible state to a rigid state. At the same time, the pair of compression springs can also limit the displacement of the pair of locking sliders relative to the pair of outer chain plates, thereby ensuring that the maximum displacement state of the pair of locking sliders to the outside is the state of being embedded in the pair of positioning holes and arc-shaped notches at the same time.A pair of shaft holes are provided on a pair of vertical baffles, and the state conversion track is arranged around the pair of shaft holes, so that the drive sprocket can be installed in the pair of shaft holes. In this way, the drive sprocket can be driven by the drive motor, and then the drive motor can be used to drive the extension and retraction of the flexible chain. The air cannon hose is installed in the flexible chain, so that the air cannon hose can move with the movement of the flexible chain, and can also change with the change of the state of the flexible chain, which is conducive to the air cannon hose to move synchronously with the flexible chain, and then it is convenient to use the air cannon hose to perform arch breaking operations. Through the setting of the microcontroller, it is convenient to automatically determine whether the arching phenomenon occurs, and it is also convenient to automatically control the depth of the flexible chain extending into the coal bunker, so that it is convenient to use compressed air to perform convenient and efficient arch breaking operations.

[0052] The device has high reliability, good stability and a high degree of automation. It can not only conveniently and efficiently determine whether arching has occurred, but also conveniently and efficiently transport the air cannon hose to the predetermined arch breaking position for arch breaking operations through the rigid-flexible conversion characteristics of the flexible chain.

[0053] The present invention also provides a coal bunker arch breaking method based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, which uses a coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, and includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: The pressure signals at different positions inside the coal bunker 1 are collected by multiple pressure sensors 2, and sent to the microcontroller; the temperature signals at different positions inside the coal bunker 1 are collected by multiple temperature sensors 3, and sent to the microcontroller; the humidity signals at different positions inside the coal bunker 1 are collected by multiple humidity sensors 4, and sent to the microcontroller;

[0055] Step 2: The microcontroller obtains pressure data at different positions in the coal bunker 1 according to pressure signals at different positions in the coal bunker 1, obtains temperature data at different positions in the coal bunker 1 according to temperature signals at different positions in the coal bunker 1, and obtains humidity data at different positions in the coal bunker 1 according to humidity signals at different positions in the coal bunker 1;

[0056] A comprehensive analysis is performed on the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data at different positions. When any one of the pressure data is significantly higher than the normal pressure range, and at the same time, any one of the temperature data is significantly higher than the normal temperature range, or any one of the humidity data is significantly higher than the normal humidity range, it is determined that an arching phenomenon occurs in the coal bunker 1, and the microcontroller controls the alarm to sound an alarm. At the same time, the drive motor 5 is controlled to start and work forward for a set time, so as to drive the end of the flexible chain 12 to extend vertically into the coal bunker 1 discharge port through the drive sprocket 6, and then the high-pressure air pump is controlled to start working, so as to output a high-pressure airflow through the air cannon hose to play a role in breaking the arch;

[0057] Step three: When the pressure data returns to the normal pressure range, the temperature data returns to the normal temperature range, and the humidity data returns to the normal humidity range, it is determined that the arch breaking operation is completed, and the microcontroller controls the high-pressure air pump to stop working, controls the drive motor 5 to start, and reverses the work for a set time to drive the flexible chain 12 to retract into the state conversion track through the drive sprocket 6, and makes the end of the flexible chain 12 leave the discharge port of the coal bin 1.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the height of each pressure sensor 2 relative to the discharge port of the coal bin 1 can be recorded in the microcontroller in advance. In this way, when the microcontroller determines that the arching phenomenon occurs, it can accurately determine the arching position according to the height of the pressure sensor 2 where the abnormal pressure occurs, and then accurately control the rotation angle of the drive motor 5 to accurately control the depth of the flexible chain extending into the coal bin 1. This can not only facilitate the precise positioning of the arching position, but also realize the precise arch breaking operation at the predetermined position.

[0059] The implementation process of the present invention is simple and has a high degree of automation. It can intelligently determine whether an arching phenomenon occurs and can automatically perform an arch breaking operation, which significantly reduces labor costs and improves the safety factor during the operation.

Claims

1. A coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, comprising a coal bunker (1), wherein the coal bunker (1) is suspended on the ground, and is characterized in that: It also includes an arching monitoring mechanism, a flexible telescopic arch breaking mechanism, an air cannon hose and a control unit; The arch monitoring mechanism comprises a plurality of pressure sensors (2), a plurality of temperature sensors (3), a plurality of humidity sensors (4) and a controller, wherein the plurality of pressure sensors (2), the plurality of temperature sensors (3) and the plurality of humidity sensors (4) are respectively installed at different positions of the inner wall of the coal bunker (1); The flexible telescopic arch-breaking mechanism comprises a locking unit and a driving unit; The locking unit comprises a vertical baffle (11), a state conversion track and a flexible chain (12); A pair of vertical baffles (11) are supported at intervals below the coal bunker (1) to form a flat accommodating cavity between the two. At the same time, a pair of axial holes (32) are opened on the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles (11) on the right side of the coal bunker (1); a state conversion track is arranged between the pair of vertical baffles (11) and is distributed around the pair of axial holes (22); the state conversion track includes a pair of guide grooves (20) and a pair of guide grooves (20) which are relatively opened on the inner side surfaces of the pair of vertical baffles (11). The pair of guide slide grooves 2 (21), the pair of guide slide grooves 1 (20) are located inside the pair of guide slide grooves 2 (21) and are parallel to the pair of guide slide grooves 2 (21); the pair of guide slide grooves 1 (20) include an upper horizontal section 1 (22) located above the pair of vertical baffles (11), a lower horizontal section 1 (23) located below the pair of vertical baffles (11), a first arc section A (24) smoothly transitioning and connecting the right end of the upper horizontal section 1 (22) and the right end of the lower horizontal section 1 (23), A vertical section 1 (25) located below the coal bunker (1), a first arc section B (26) smoothly transitioning and connecting the lower end of the vertical section 1 (25) and the left end of the lower horizontal section 1 (23), wherein the left end of the upper horizontal section 1 (22) forms a limit end, and the upper end of the vertical section 1 (25) extends to the upper end of a pair of vertical baffles (11); a pair of guide chutes 2 (21) including an upper horizontal section 2 (27) located at the upper part of the pair of vertical baffles (11), and a lower horizontal section 2 (28) located at the lower part of the pair of vertical baffles (11). a lower horizontal section 2 (28), a second arc section A (29) smoothly transitioning and connecting the right end of the upper horizontal section 2 (27) and the right end of the lower horizontal section 2 (28), a vertical section 2 (30) located below the coal bunker (1), and a second arc section B (31) smoothly transitioning and connecting the lower end of the vertical section 2 (30) and the left end of the lower horizontal section 2 (28), wherein the left end of the upper horizontal section 2 (27) forms a limit end, and the upper end of the vertical section 2 (30) extends to the upper ends of a pair of vertical baffles (11); The flexible chain (12) is composed of a plurality of chain block monomers connected in sequence, wherein the chain block monomers include an inner chain plate (14), a connecting pin shaft (15), an outer chain plate (13), a locking sleeve (8), an elastic locking pin shaft (9), a locking slider (7) and a compression spring (10); a pair of inner chain plates (14) are relatively distributed at a certain distance, and two pairs of inner mounting holes are spaced apart at the left and right ends of the top; at the same time, a pair of positioning holes (18) are relatively opened in the central area of ​​the pair of inner chain plates (14), and each positioning hole (18) is composed of two arc-shaped holes that are symmetrical and interconnected with each other; a pair of outer chain plates (13) are relatively distributed on the pair of inner chain plates (14) The outer side of the pair of outer link plates (13) is provided with two outer mounting holes at intervals on the left and right ends of the top, and the pair of outer mounting holes on the right side is aligned with the pair of inner mounting holes on the left side of the pair of inner link plates (14). At the same time, two pairs of arc-shaped notches (17) are relatively opened in the middle sections of the side edges of the pair of outer link plates (13), and each pair of arc-shaped notches (17) is matched with a pair of arc-shaped holes, and the inner diameter of the open end of the arc-shaped notch (17) is smaller than the inner diameter of the closed end thereof; two connecting pins (15) are respectively connected to the two outer mounting holes on the pair of outer link plates (13), and the connecting pin (15) on the right side simultaneously passes through the pair of inner mounting holes on the left side of the pair of inner link plates (14) to establish a pair of outer link plates (13). The connecting pin (15) is provided with a ring step (16) between the pair of inner link plates (14); the two ends of the ring step (16) are respectively matched with the pair of inner link plates (14); the locking sleeve (8) is located between the pair of positioning holes (18), and the two ends thereof are respectively abutted with the pair of inner link plates (14), and at the same time, two ring concave platforms (19) are provided on the inner side of the two ends thereof and on the outer side of the inner cavity thereof; a pair of elastic locking pins (9) are relatively inserted into the pair of positioning holes (18), and the end close to each other is slidably inserted into the locking sleeve (8); the locking slider (7 ) is adapted to the shape of the positioning hole (18), and a connecting hole adapted to the elastic locking pin shaft (9) is opened in the center thereof; a pair of locking sliders (7) are relatively distributed on both sides of the outside of the locking sleeve (8), and are respectively fixedly sleeved on the pair of elastic locking pin shafts (9) through the connecting holes; a pair of compression springs (10) are relatively sleeved on the outside of the pair of elastic locking pin shafts (9), and their ends close to each other are respectively fixedly inserted in the two annular recesses (19), and their ends far away from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side surfaces of the two locking sliders (7); a pair of outer chain plates (13) and a pair of inner chain plates (14) in adjacent chain block monomers are connected through a connecting pin shaft (15); The flexible chain (12) is arranged in a flat accommodating cavity between a pair of vertical baffles (11) along the track of the state conversion track, and a section of the flexible chain (12) extends vertically from the vertical section of the state conversion track and extends to the discharge port of the coal bunker (1); at the same time, the two ends of multiple connecting pins (15) in the flexible chain (12) are respectively slidably arranged in a pair of guide slide grooves (20), and the two ends of multiple pairs of elastic locking pins (9) in the flexible chain (12) are respectively slidably arranged in a pair of guide slide grooves (21); when the multiple pairs of elastic locking pins (9) in the flexible chain (12) are When both ends of the elastic locking pin shaft (9) are slidably arranged in a pair of guide slots (21), the multiple pairs of locking sliders (7) on the multiple pairs of elastic locking pin shafts (9) are completely embedded in the corresponding pair of positioning holes (18); when both ends of the multiple pairs of elastic locking pin shafts (9) in the flexible chain (12) reach the outside of a pair of vertical baffles (11), the multiple pairs of locking sliders (7) on the multiple pairs of elastic locking pin shafts (9) are simultaneously embedded in the corresponding pair of positioning holes (18) and the arc-shaped notch (17) to relatively lock the inner chain plate (14) and the outer chain plate (13); The driving unit comprises a driving sprocket (6) and a driving motor (5); The driving sprocket (6) is rotatably arranged in a flat accommodating cavity between a pair of vertical baffles (11), and the short shafts at both ends are rotatably connected to a pair of shaft holes (32) through bearings. At the same time, the driving sprocket (6) is meshed with the middle sections of a plurality of connecting pins (15) in the flexible chain (12); the driving motor (5) is installed on the outside of the pair of vertical baffles (11), and its output shaft is connected to the short shaft at one end of the driving sprocket (6); The air cannon hose is installed inside the flexible chain (12), the outlet end of which is flush with one end of the flexible chain (12) extending into the discharge port of the coal bunker (1), and the other end of which extends from the other end of the flexible chain (12) and is connected to the high-pressure air pump; The control unit comprises an alarm and a microcontroller, wherein the alarm is installed outside the coal bunker (1); the microcontroller is installed outside the coal bunker (1) and is respectively connected to the alarm, the pressure sensor (2), the temperature sensor (3), the humidity sensor (4), the drive motor (5) and the high-pressure air pump.

2. A coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible chain (12) is provided with an air cannon mounting plate between a plurality of pairs of inner chain plates (14), and the air cannon hose is mounted on the air cannon mounting plate.

3. A coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A microcontroller mounting plate is installed on the outside of the coal bunker (1), and the microcontroller is installed inside the microcontroller mounting plate.

4. A coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chain block monomer is in a box-shaped structure as a whole.

5. A coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises a flow valve, which is serially connected to the air cannon hose and is connected to the microcontroller.

6. A method for breaking an arch in a coal bunker based on a flexible telescopic mechanism, using a coal bunker arch breaking device based on a flexible telescopic mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: using a plurality of pressure sensors (2) to respectively collect pressure signals at different positions inside the coal bunker (1) and send them to a microcontroller; using a plurality of temperature sensors (3) to respectively collect temperature signals at different positions inside the coal bunker (1) and send them to the microcontroller; using a plurality of humidity sensors (4) to respectively collect humidity signals at different positions inside the coal bunker (1) and send them to the microcontroller; Step 2: The microcontroller obtains pressure data at different positions in the coal bunker (1) according to pressure signals at different positions in the coal bunker (1), obtains temperature data at different positions in the coal bunker (1) according to temperature signals at different positions in the coal bunker (1), and obtains humidity data at different positions in the coal bunker (1) according to humidity signals at different positions in the coal bunker (1); A comprehensive analysis is performed on the pressure data, temperature data and humidity data at different positions. When any one of the pressure data is significantly higher than the normal pressure range, when any one of the temperature data is significantly higher than the normal temperature range, or when any one of the humidity data is significantly higher than the normal humidity range, it is determined that an arching phenomenon occurs in the coal bunker (1). The microcontroller controls the alarm to sound an alarm. At the same time, the drive motor (5) is controlled to start and work in the forward direction for a set time, so as to drive the end of the flexible chain (12) to extend vertically into the coal bunker (1) discharge port through the drive sprocket (6), and then the high-pressure air pump is controlled to start working, so as to output a high-pressure airflow through the air cannon hose to achieve the effect of breaking the arch. Step 3: When the pressure data returns to the normal pressure range, the temperature data returns to the normal temperature range, and the humidity data returns to the normal humidity range, it is determined that the arch breaking operation is completed, and the microcontroller controls the high-pressure air pump to stop working, controls the drive motor (5) to start, and reverses the work for a set time to drive the flexible chain (12) to retract into the state conversion track through the drive sprocket (6), and makes the end of the flexible chain (12) leave the coal bin (1) discharge port.

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