Distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system
By integrating multi-parameter sensors and distributed fiber systems in distributed fiber cables, combined with point sensing collectors and monitoring software, the problems of complex equipment and limited sensing parameters in the existing technology are solved, and the low Cost multi-parameter monitoring is suitable for multiple safety monitoring scenarios and has the advantages of lightweight and large-scale production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411420274.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing demodulation solutions of distributed fiber acoustic wave vibration and distributed strain monitoring equipment are complex and costly, which limit their application in multiple fields and have relatively limited sensing parameters, especially in combustible gases and hazardous chemical environments. .
A distributed fiber optic cable multi-parameter intelligent sensor optical cable system was designed, including a PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket with built-in multi-mode temperature measurement optical cable, microprocessor, strain sensor, vibration sensor and combustible gas sensor, combined with a centimeter-level distributed Fiber optic system and point sensing collector are used to process and analyze data through fiber optic cable sensing safety comprehensive monitoring software.
A single optical cable simultaneously monitors the distributed fiber ambient temperature, positioning and multi-parameter sensing function, reduces costs, expands application scenarios, has the possibility of large-scale production and lightweight, and can be discovered in multiple safety monitoring applications. Potential danger.
Smart Images
Figure CN119245731A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of distributed optical fiber sensing, and in particular relates to a distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system. Background Art
[0002] In today's era of rapid technological development, distributed fiber optic sensing technology has gradually become the focus of attention in many fields. Its development history has witnessed the gradual advancement from theoretical research to practical application.
[0003] At present, distributed fiber optic sensing technology is relatively mature, and the main sensing parameters include distributed temperature, distributed fiber optic acoustic vibration and distributed strain monitoring. However, the equipment demodulation scheme of distributed fiber optic acoustic vibration and distributed strain monitoring is complex and costly, with the average market price of a single device ranging from 200,000 to 1 million. Such high cost and system complexity limit its application in many fields. In addition, the sensing parameters of existing sensing technology are relatively limited, especially in terms of combustible gas and hazardous chemical environments. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system, comprising: PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket; The PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket has a built-in multi-mode temperature measurement optical cable; The PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket is evenly provided with a microprocessor, a strain sensor, a vibration sensor and a combustible gas sensor combination; wherein the microprocessor is connected to the strain sensor, the vibration sensor and the combustible gas sensing circuit, and the microprocessor is connected to the external device via a power line and a communication line; The external equipment includes a centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system and a point sensor collector; The centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system is used to collect temperature data of the multi-mode temperature measurement optical cable, and the point sensor collector collects data from the strain sensor, vibration sensor and combustible gas sensor transmitted by the microprocessor; The external device transmits data with the optical fiber cable type sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software.
[0006] Furthermore, the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system includes a centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature measurement host, a spectrometer, and a photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit, wherein the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature measurement host injects a scanning laser into the optical fiber, the spectrometer separates the Raman scattered light carrying temperature information from the pulse light, and the photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit receives the Raman scattered light and performs photoelectric conversion and data acquisition in sequence and uploads the data to the monitoring software, and is capable of collecting and uploading 2000 temperature point data at a temperature point of 5 cm.
[0007] Furthermore, the point sensor collector queries the sensor data of each location point in turn by sending a query code, and uploads the queried data to the optical fiber cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software after preliminary processing. The preliminary processing includes converting strain sensor data into strain values, calculating vibration sensor data into parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude, and combustible gas sensor data to determine whether there is a combustible gas leak and the concentration of the leak.
[0008] Furthermore, the fiber optic cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software processes and analyzes temperature data, including data preprocessing, temperature distribution analysis, and temperature change analysis of abnormal temperature areas.
[0009] Furthermore, the fiber optic cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software processes and analyzes the comprehensive data uploaded by the point sensor collector, including judging whether there is excessive strain in the strain sensor data and predicting the development trend, judging whether there is abnormal vibration in the vibration sensor data and predicting the development trend, and judging whether there is a combustible gas leak in the combustible gas sensor data.
[0010] Furthermore, the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system is synchronized with the point sensors, and the number and density of the point sensors are 5 meters / sensing unit.
[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: solving the function of a single composite low-voltage DC optical cable to simultaneously monitor the distributed optical fiber ambient temperature, positioning and temperature sensing, and point sensing solves the problem of strain, vibration and combustible gas safety monitoring; The size of the composite cable can be controlled within 15mm. With the development of integrated circuits in the future, it can be controlled within 10mm, which is thinner and lighter, and has the possibility of large-scale production. Through a relatively low-cost sensor system, combined with a composite sensor optical cable, the above sensing parameters can be monitored simultaneously. In multiple safety monitoring application scenarios, it will be more widely used, and can prevent dangers before they happen, detect dangers in their infancy, and nip them in the bud; Cable-type sensors have the advantages of large-scale production, convenient transportation, and easy on-site construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system; Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of data collection and transmission in centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, the structural diagram of a distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system of the present invention includes a PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket, a microprocessor + strain sensor + vibration sensor + combustible gas sensor combination, a centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system, a point sensor collector, and an optical fiber cable sensing safety comprehensive monitoring software. The specific system installation, data collection and transmission, data processing and analysis are described as follows.
[0015] 1. System Installation 1) Optical cable jacket and cable preparation First, choose PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket. PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket has good flexibility, electrical insulation and corrosion resistance.
[0016] Before installation, perform a visual inspection on the optical cable to ensure that there are no scratches, damage or other defects on the surface of the cable to avoid affecting the transmission of light.
[0017] 2) Sensor combination placement Accurately place the microprocessor + strain sensor + vibration sensor + combustible gas sensor combination at intervals of 5 meters. First, mark the position points every 5 meters on the optical cable jacket. For the microprocessor, install it in a relatively stable position to avoid external vibration and impact. Use the mounting bracket to fix the microprocessor on the inner wall of the optical cable jacket to ensure that it is well connected to the power line and communication line.
[0018] The strain sensor should be installed tightly on the surface of the optical cable jacket or on the optical cable inside. The specific installation method depends on the type of strain sensor. For example, if it is a strain gauge sensor, use glue to stick it on the surface of the optical cable jacket, making sure it is firmly glued without bubbles. During the gluing process, pay attention to the direction of the strain gauge so that it can accurately measure the axial strain of the cable.
[0019] The vibration sensor is installed at key locations on the optical cable jacket, such as the cable joints or locations prone to vibration. During installation, ensure that the vibration sensor is in close contact with the optical cable jacket and perform shock absorption to prevent external vibration from interfering with its measurement results. For example, a shock-absorbing material such as a rubber pad is used to separate the vibration sensor from the optical cable jacket while ensuring that it can accurately detect the vibration of the cable.
[0020] The combustible gas sensor is installed on the surface of the optical cable jacket and close to the parts where gas leakage may occur, such as the sealing joints of the cable. During the installation process, ensure that the air inlet of the combustible gas sensor is unobstructed and avoid contamination by external impurities such as dust and moisture. Use protective measures such as protective covers to protect the air inlet of the combustible gas sensor.
[0021] 3) Line connection Connect the four-wire power supply line and RS485 communication line of the low-power microprocessor to ensure normal communication and power supply with external devices. For the power supply line, select wires of appropriate specifications according to the power requirements of the microprocessor. For the RS485 communication line, select twisted pair with good shielding performance.
[0022] 2. Data Collection and Transmission 1) Centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system data collection and transmission like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system is used to collect temperature data of the multimode temperature measurement optical cable. When the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system is started, the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature measurement host will scan the laser to inject into the optical fiber. Before injecting the laser, the wavelength, power and other parameters of the laser need to be accurately set.
[0023] During the propagation of pulsed light, a series of operations such as the spectrometer, photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit are used to collect and upload 2,000 temperature point data to the monitoring software. The function of the spectrometer is to separate the Raman scattered light carrying temperature information from the pulsed light. After receiving the Raman scattered light, the photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit first performs photoelectric conversion. Then, data is collected on the converted electrical signal.
[0024] The collected data must be uploaded to the fiber optic cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software via wireless communication.
[0025] 2) Data collection and transmission of point sensor collectors The point sensor collector collects data from strain sensors, vibration sensors, and combustible gas sensors transmitted by the microprocessor. The point sensor collector queries the sensor data of each location point in turn by sending a query code, and uploads it to the fiber optic cable sensor safety integrated monitoring software. Before sending the query code, the format and encoding method of the query code need to be set. The format of the query code must comply with the communication protocol requirements of the sensor, and the encoding method must be able to uniquely identify the location and type of each sensor.
[0026] After the sensor data is queried, the data needs to be processed preliminarily. For the data of the strain sensor, it needs to be converted into strain values. In a possible implementation, if the strain sensor is based on the principle of strain gauge, then according to the relationship formula between the resistance change of the strain gauge and the strain, the collected data is converted into strain values. For the data of the vibration sensor, it needs to be calculated into parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude. In a possible implementation, if the vibration sensor is based on the principle of accelerometer, then according to the relationship formula between acceleration and vibration frequency and amplitude, the collected data is calculated into parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude. For the data of the combustible gas sensor, it needs to be determined whether there is a combustible gas leak and the concentration of the leak. In a possible implementation, if the combustible gas sensor is based on the principle of gas sensitive element, then according to the relationship formula between the resistance change of the gas sensitive element and the gas concentration, the collected data is used to determine whether there is a combustible gas leak and the concentration of the leak.
[0027] The data after preliminary processing shall be uploaded to the fiber optic cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software via wireless communication.
[0028] 3. Data processing and analysis 1) Temperature data processing and analysis After receiving data from the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system, the fiber optic cable sensor safety integrated monitoring software processes and analyzes the temperature data. First, the data must be preprocessed, including data cleaning, data completion and other operations. Then, the temperature distribution analysis must be performed on the preprocessed temperature data. In one possible implementation, a temperature distribution graph is drawn to observe the distribution of temperature on the optical fiber. Through the temperature distribution graph, it is possible to intuitively see whether there is an abnormal temperature area. Then, by analyzing the data points around the abnormal temperature area and combining the cable's operating history data, the cause of the abnormal temperature area can be inferred.
[0029] For temperature abnormality areas, a detailed temperature change analysis should be conducted. It is necessary to observe the temperature changes over time in the temperature abnormality area and predict the future development trend of the temperature abnormality area by establishing a temperature change model. Time series analysis methods, such as the ARIMA model, can be used to establish a temperature change model. According to the model prediction results, if the temperature in the temperature abnormality area continues to rise, it may cause cable damage, and timely measures should be taken to deal with it. For example, measures such as reducing cable load and repairing cable faults can be taken.
[0030] 2) Comprehensive data processing and analysis The fiber optic cable sensing safety integrated monitoring software receives data from strain sensors, vibration sensors and combustible gas sensors at the same time, and then comprehensively processes and analyzes these data. For the data from the strain sensor, it is necessary to determine whether the cable has excessive strain. If the strain is too large, it may cause the mechanical properties of the cable to deteriorate or even break. By analyzing the changing trend of the strain data, the strain development trend of the cable can be predicted so that timely measures can be taken to deal with it. For example, the changing trend of the strain data can be analyzed by a linear regression analysis method, and the strain development trend of the cable can be predicted based on the trend. If the prediction results show that the strain will exceed a certain critical value, then measures can be taken, such as increasing cable support, adjusting cable tension, etc.
[0031] For the data of the vibration sensor, it is necessary to determine whether the cable has abnormal vibration. Abnormal vibration may be caused by the cable being affected by external vibration sources, such as vibrations of fans, pumps and other equipment. By analyzing the changing trend of the vibration data, the vibration development trend of the cable can be predicted so that timely measures can be taken to deal with it. For example, the changing trend of the vibration data can be analyzed by the spectrum analysis method, and the vibration development trend of the cable can be predicted based on the trend. If the prediction result shows that the vibration will exceed a certain critical value, then measures can be taken, such as installing shock absorbers, adjusting the distance between the vibration source and the cable, etc.
[0032] For the data of the combustible gas sensor, it is necessary to determine whether there is a combustible gas leak and the concentration of the leak. If there is a combustible gas leak, timely measures should be taken to deal with it to avoid dangerous accidents such as fire or explosion. By comparing the measured value of the combustible gas sensor with the safety threshold, it can be determined whether there is a combustible gas leak and the concentration of the leak. If the measured value exceeds the safety threshold, measures can be taken, such as shutting down related equipment, ventilation, etc.
[0033] The centimeter-level distributed fiber optic temperature sensing system is completely distributed and not limited by spatial location. Every 5 cm is used as a temperature point, which is the scale of the entire system. Point sensors are point-distributed and are limited by the transmission distance and quantity of sensors. The quantity and density are designed to be 5 meters / sensing unit (including strain, vibration, and combustible gas), but they are still synchronized with the distributed sensing system, and the density of sensor distribution is different. Centimeter-level temperature sensing can easily locate accurately. Through this positioning point, the sensing data of the nearest point sensing units on the left and right sides are used as the decision unit through the fiber optic cable sensing safety comprehensive monitoring software. Different from the traditional solution, it makes full use of the special and accurate positioning accuracy of centimeter-level distributed fiber optic sensing data, and fuses the traditional point sensor data as a whole acquisition data source unit to form an edge computing host, and jointly participate in improving the field sensing demodulation capability. It is not a simple function superposition, but a deep data fusion, and innovatively uses the characteristics of centimeter-level distributed fiber optic sensing and the overall cable-type linear structure. It is a new type that can solve the pain points of safety monitoring in large-scale warehouses of hazardous chemicals, coal mines, and oil and gas storage and transportation processes, and has high commercial value.
[0034] The basic principles of the present application are described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, strengths, effects, etc. are required by each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustration and ease of understanding, not for limitation, and the above details do not limit the present application to being implemented by adopting the above specific details.
[0035] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in this application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagram. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open words, referring to "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them. The words "or" and "and" used here refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with them, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The words "such as" used here refer to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with them.
[0036] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. Such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.
[0037] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present invention.
[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system, characterized in that: include: PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket; The PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket has a built-in multi-mode temperature measurement optical cable; The PVC flexible DC optical cable jacket is evenly provided with a microprocessor, a strain sensor, a vibration sensor and a combustible gas sensor combination; wherein the microprocessor is connected to the strain sensor, the vibration sensor and the combustible gas sensing circuit, and the microprocessor is connected to the external device via a power line and a communication line; The external equipment includes a centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system and a point sensor collector; The centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system is used to collect temperature data of the multi-mode temperature measurement optical cable, and the point sensor collector collects data from the strain sensor, vibration sensor and combustible gas sensor transmitted by the microprocessor; The external device transmits data with the optical fiber cable type sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software.
2. A distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centimeter-level distributed optical fiber system includes a centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature measurement host, a splitter, and a photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit, wherein the centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature measurement host injects a scanning laser into the optical fiber, the splitter separates the Raman scattered light carrying temperature information from the pulse light, and the photoelectric conversion and data acquisition unit receives the Raman scattered light and performs photoelectric conversion and data acquisition in sequence and uploads the data to the monitoring software, and can collect and upload 2000 temperature point data at a temperature point of 5 cm.
3. A distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The point sensor collector queries the sensor data of each location point in turn by sending a query code, and uploads the queried data to the optical fiber cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software after preliminary processing. The preliminary processing includes converting strain sensor data into strain values, calculating vibration sensor data into parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude, and combustible gas sensor data to determine whether there is a combustible gas leak and the concentration of the leak.
4. A distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software processes and analyzes temperature data, including data preprocessing, temperature distribution analysis, and temperature change analysis in abnormal temperature areas.
5. A distributed optical fiber cable multi-parameter intelligent sensing optical cable system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fiber optic cable sensor safety comprehensive monitoring software processes and analyzes the comprehensive data uploaded by the point sensor collector, including judging whether there is excessive strain in the strain sensor data and predicting the development trend, judging whether there is abnormal vibration in the vibration sensor data and predicting the development trend, and judging whether there is a combustible gas leak in the combustible gas sensor data.
6. The point sensor collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The centimeter-level distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system is synchronized with point sensors, and the number and density of point sensors are 5 meters / sensing unit.