Vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle heating device with a smoke and dust separation function. The vehicle heating device comprises a combustion system, a smoke and dust separation system, a heat exchange system and a parameter acquisition and control system, the combustion system, the smoke dust separation system and the heat exchange system are connected in sequence, and fuel oil can be combusted in the combustion system to generate high-temperature smoke gas; the high-temperature flue gas can be subjected to smoke-dust separation by the smoke-dust separation system to form high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange system, so that the heating of the vehicle is realized; the parameter acquisition and control system is used for acquiring related temperature data and pressure data and sending a control signal to the combustion system according to the temperature data and the pressure data so as to control the combustion system; the smoke dust separation system comprises a cyclone separator, an air inlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with an air outlet of the combustion system, and an air outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with an air inlet of the heat exchange system. The problem that the efficiency of the heat exchange system is reduced due to smoke deposition of the vehicle heating device in the high-altitude extremely cold environment can be solved, and stable and efficient heating of the vehicle is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle heating, and in particular relates to a vehicle heating device with a smoke and dust separation function. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing requirements for full-domain adaptability, heavy-duty vehicles have encountered problems such as difficulty in starting the diesel power system and increased resistance in the transmission system in high-altitude and extremely cold environments. The vehicle heating device generates high-temperature gas through the combustion system. The high-temperature gas transfers heat to the engine coolant flowing through it through heat exchange in the heat exchange system, heating the vehicle power, transmission system and other parts to meet the needs of rapid vehicle starting in low-temperature and low-pressure environments.

[0003] The current vehicle heating device operates in a low-temperature and low-pressure environment, resulting in problems such as insufficient fuel atomization and fragmentation and incomplete combustion reaction, which leads to an increase in the content of soot particles and unburned volatile hydrocarbons in the high-temperature gas generated by the combustion system. These substances will be deposited on the surface of the heat exchanger pipes and fins of the heat exchange system, causing the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange system to decrease, the flow area to decrease, the flow resistance to increase, and even block the flow channel.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the problem of reduced efficiency of the heat exchange system caused by smoke deposition in the vehicle heating device in the extremely cold environment at high altitude, it is necessary to propose a vehicle heating device with a smoke separation function. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle heating device with a smoke separation function, which can solve the problem of reduced efficiency of the heat exchange system caused by smoke deposition in the vehicle heating device in an extremely cold environment at high altitudes, and ensure stable and efficient heating of the vehicle.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vehicle heating device with a smoke separation function, comprising: a combustion system, a smoke separation system, a heat exchange system and a parameter acquisition and control system;

[0008] The combustion system, smoke separation system, and heat exchange system are connected in sequence. The fuel can be burned in the combustion system to generate high-temperature smoke. The high-temperature smoke can be separated from the smoke by the smoke separation system to form high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange system to achieve vehicle heating.

[0009] The parameter acquisition and control system is used to collect relevant temperature data and pressure data, and send control signals to the combustion system according to the temperature data and pressure data to control the combustion system;

[0010] The smoke separation system comprises a cyclone separator, the air inlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the air outlet of the combustion system, and the air outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the air inlet of the heat exchange system.

[0011] Furthermore, the smoke separation system also includes a gas passage switching valve and a gas backup passage;

[0012] The gas path switching valve is arranged between the gas outlet of the combustion system and the gas inlet of the cyclone separator. The gas path switching valve is provided with three interfaces, namely, interface I, interface II and interface III;

[0013] Interface I is connected to the gas outlet of the combustion system, interface II is connected to the gas inlet of the cyclone separator, and interface III is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchange system through a fuel gas backup passage;

[0014] A passage Ⅰ is formed between the interface Ⅰ and the interface Ⅱ of the gas passage switching valve, and a passage Ⅱ is formed between the interface Ⅰ and the interface Ⅲ;

[0015] The parameter acquisition and control system can control the opening and closing of passage Ⅰ and passage Ⅱ of the gas passage switching valve; when passage Ⅰ is opened and passage Ⅱ is closed, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion system can be purified by the cyclone separator and then transported to the heat exchange system;

[0016] When passage II is open, passage I is closed, and no fuel combustion occurs in the combustion system, air can be directly delivered to the heat exchange system through the combustion system to purge the heat exchange system;

[0017] When passage II is opened and passage I is closed, when fuel combustion occurs in the combustion system, high-temperature flue gas can be directly transported to the heat exchange system through passage II.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer shell of the cyclone separator may be made entirely or partially of thermoelectric material.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer shell of the cyclone separator is formed by butting a cylindrical tubular structure with an open end and an air outlet at the other end and a truncated cone tubular structure, the cylindrical tubular structure is located at the top of the truncated cone tubular structure, the large diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure is butted with the open end of the cylindrical tubular structure, and the maximum diameter of the large diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure is the same as the maximum diameter of the cylindrical tubular structure;

[0020] The side wall of the cylindrical tubular structure is formed by a number of arc-shaped sheets arranged and spliced ​​along the circumference. The arc-shaped sheets are made of thermoelectric materials, the concave side is the high-temperature side, and the convex side is the low-temperature side. A voltage difference is formed between the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side.

[0021] Furthermore, the smoke separation system also includes a smoke collector, which is detachably connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator.

[0022] Further, the combustion system includes a combustion chamber, a post-combustion hole, a mixing hole, a head vortex finder, a fuel supply nozzle, an air supply fan and an igniter;

[0023] The combustion chamber is a shell structure with one end open and the other end closed. The open end of the combustion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone separator. The closed end of the combustion chamber is provided with a central hole. The vortex finder is arranged outside the closed end of the combustion chamber. The oil supply nozzle is arranged in the vortex finder, and the oil outlet end is arranged through the central hole. The oil supply nozzle is connected to an external oil supply pump.

[0024] The cross section of the combustion chamber is rectangular, and the sections from the closed end to the open end are respectively a large chamber section, a contraction section and a small chamber section. The two afterburning holes are respectively arranged on two opposite walls of the large chamber section and are opposite to each other; the two mixing holes are arranged adjacent to each other and are opposite to each other; the afterburning holes are closer to the closed end of the combustion chamber than the mixing holes; the igniter is arranged on the wall of the large chamber section and is closer to the closed end of the combustion chamber than the afterburning holes;

[0025] The air supply fan is arranged outside the combustion chamber and opposite to the closed end of the combustion chamber;

[0026] The parameter acquisition and control system can control the opening and closing of the air supply fan and its speed, the opening and closing of the oil supply pump, and the opening and closing of the igniter.

[0027] Furthermore, the heat exchange system is a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger includes fin tubes and a heat exchanger shell;

[0028] The heat exchanger shell has openings at both ends, one end is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator, and the other end is an exhaust channel, which is connected to the external environment;

[0029] The finned tube comprises a plurality of fins and a plurality of heat exchange tubes;

[0030] A plurality of fins are arranged in parallel in the heat exchanger housing, and the gaps between adjacent fins are along the direction of air intake, so that the gas blown in by the cyclone separator can pass through the gaps and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel;

[0031] The fins are provided with a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged on the fins in a one-to-one corresponding staggered row and are commonly connected with an external main pipeline and a water pump, and the heat exchange tubes are filled with engine coolant.

[0032] Furthermore, the heat exchange system is a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger includes fin tubes and a heat exchanger shell;

[0033] The heat exchanger shell has openings at both ends, one end is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator, and the other end is an exhaust channel, which is connected to the external environment;

[0034] The finned tube comprises a plurality of fins and a plurality of heat exchange tubes;

[0035] A plurality of fins are arranged in parallel in the heat exchanger housing, and the gaps between adjacent fins are along the direction of air intake, so that the gas blown in by the cyclone separator can pass through the gaps and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel;

[0036] The fins are provided with a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged on the fins in a one-to-one corresponding staggered row and are commonly connected with an external main pipeline and a water pump, and the heat exchange tubes are filled with engine coolant.

[0037] Furthermore, the heat exchange system further comprises a plurality of baffles, which are arranged in the heat exchanger housing and are located upstream of the fins. The plurality of baffles are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the fins, and each baffle can be lifted or lowered under the control of the parameter acquisition and control system; when the baffle is lifted into place, the baffle is parallel to the gas flow direction; when the baffle is lowered into place, the baffle is perpendicular to the gas flow direction;

[0038] When the vehicle is heated using the heat exchange system, all baffles are raised;

[0039] When air is used to purge the heat exchange system, part of the baffles falls and other parts of the baffles rise.

[0040] Furthermore, the baffles are lifted one by one, and only one baffle is in a lifted state at a time.

[0041] Beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) The present invention provides a vehicle heating device with a smoke separation function, which uses a cyclone separator to process the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion system, separates carbon soot particles and gases, so as to reduce the content of smoke such as carbon soot particles in the high-temperature flue gas flowing through the heat exchange system, thereby effectively reducing the deposition of materials on the heat exchange surface, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0043] (2) The present invention provides a gas passage switching valve and a gas backup passage. On the one hand, air can be directly delivered to the heat exchange system to purge the heat exchange system, thereby achieving the effect of removing smoke and dust deposited on the heat exchange surface; on the other hand, in the face of insufficient upstream pressure in a low-pressure plateau environment and emergency heating in an extremely cold environment, when the pressure data reaches the set value, the gas can reach the heat exchange system through the gas backup passage, avoiding excessive pressure loss and heat loss caused by passing through the cyclone separator, thereby improving the environmental adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0044] (3) The outer shell of the cyclone separator of the present invention can be made of thermoelectric materials in whole or in part. The outer shell of the cyclone separator can be made of thermoelectric materials in whole or in part. The use of thermoelectric materials can utilize the heat of the high-temperature flue gas of the combustion system that directly enters the cyclone separator to construct a high and low temperature difference on both sides of the thermoelectric conversion material, and form a voltage difference. The voltage difference is then used to output electrical energy to assist in powering the power-consuming components in the vehicle heating device, thereby making full use of the heat of the gas, converting the heat into electrical energy at a certain ratio, and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy.

[0045] (4) The smoke collector of the present invention can be detachably connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator, so as to facilitate the function of dumping smoke.

[0046] (5) The combustion system of the present invention is provided with an air supply fan, which can directly utilize the external environment to provide air to the combustion chamber.

[0047] (6) The heat exchange system of the present invention is also provided with baffles. When the heat exchange system is purged with air, part of the baffles fall down and the other part of the baffles rise up, so that the air flow flows through part of the heat exchanger fin channels at a high flow rate, thereby achieving the effect of removing smoke and dust deposited on the heat exchange surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cyclone separator structure;

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric material on the outer wall of the cyclone separator cylinder;

[0051] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combustion system;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange system structure;

[0053] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smoke separation system (with a gas passage switching valve);

[0054] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of gas flow in the operating state mode;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gas flow in the purge state mode;

[0056] Among them, 1-combustion system, 1-1-combustion chamber, 1-2-afterburning hole, 1-3-mixing hole, 1-4-head vortex finder, 1-5-fuel nozzle, 1-6-air supply fan, 1-7-igniter;

[0057] 2-smoke and dust separation system, 2-1-cyclone separator, 2-2-smoke and dust collector, 2-3-gas passage switching valve, 2-4-gas standby passage, 2-11-housing, 2-111-high temperature side, 2-112-low temperature side;

[0058] 3-heat exchange system, 3-1-heat exchanger, 3-2-baffle, 3-3-exhaust channel, 3-11-fin, 3-12-heat exchange tube;

[0059] 4-Parameter acquisition and control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0061] Embodiment 1:

[0062] This embodiment provides a vehicle heating device with a smoke and dust separation function. Figure 1 , including a combustion system 1, a smoke separation system 2, a heat exchange system 3 and a parameter acquisition and control system 4;

[0063] The combustion system 1, the smoke separation system 2, and the heat exchange system 3 are connected in sequence. The fuel can be burned in the combustion system 1 to generate high-temperature smoke. The high-temperature smoke can be separated from the smoke by the smoke separation system 2 to form high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange system 3, thereby achieving vehicle heating.

[0064] The parameter acquisition and control system 4 is used to acquire relevant temperature data and pressure data, and send a control signal to the combustion system 1 according to the temperature data and pressure data to control the combustion system 1;

[0065] The smoke separation system 2 includes a cyclone separator 2 - 1 , an air inlet of the cyclone separator 2 - 1 is connected to an air outlet of the combustion system 1 , and an air outlet of the cyclone separator 2 - 1 is connected to an air inlet of the heat exchange system 3 .

[0066] The vehicle heating device with smoke separation function provided in this embodiment adopts a cyclone separator to process the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion system, separates the soot particles and the gas, so as to reduce the smoke content such as the soot particles in the high-temperature flue gas flowing through the heat exchange system, thereby achieving the effect of effectively reducing the deposition of materials on the heat exchange surface, improving the heat exchange efficiency, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0067] In one embodiment, the smoke separation system 2 further includes a smoke collector 2-2, which is detachably connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator 2-1 and is used to collect the separated soot particles.

[0068] In one embodiment, the outer shell 2-11 of the cyclone separator 2-1 can be made of thermoelectric materials in whole or in part. The use of thermoelectric materials can utilize the heat of the high-temperature flue gas of the combustion system that directly enters the cyclone separator to construct a high and low temperature difference on both sides of the thermoelectric conversion material, and form a voltage difference. The voltage difference is then used to output electrical energy to assist in powering the power-consuming components in the vehicle heating device. This embodiment can make full use of the heat of the gas, convert the heat into electrical energy in a certain proportion, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy.

[0069] In the specific embodiment, see the attached Figure 2 The shell 2-11 of the cyclone separator 2-1 is formed by a cylindrical tubular structure with an open end and an air outlet at the other end and a truncated cone tubular structure connected together. The cylindrical tubular structure is located at the top of the truncated cone tubular structure, and the large diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure is connected to the open end of the cylindrical tubular structure. The maximum diameter of the large diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure is the same as the maximum diameter of the cylindrical tubular structure. The smoke collector 2-2 is threadedly connected to the small diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure and can be disassembled by screwing the threads, so as to facilitate the function of dumping smoke and dust; the air inlet of the cyclone separator 2-1 is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical tubular structure, and the air inlet cross-section of the cyclone separator 2-1 is rectangular; the air outlet cross-section of the cyclone separator 2-1 is circular;

[0070] For further information, see Appendix Figure 3 The side wall of the cylindrical tubular structure is formed by a number of arc-shaped sheets arranged and spliced ​​along the circumference. The arc-shaped sheets are made of thermoelectric materials. The concave side is the high-temperature side 2-111, and the convex side is the low-temperature side 2-112. A voltage difference is formed between the high-temperature side 2-111 and the low-temperature side 2-112.

[0071] See attached Figure 4 The combustion system 1 includes a combustion chamber 1-1, a supplementary combustion hole 1-2, a mixing hole 1-3, a head vortex finder 1-4, an oil supply nozzle 1-5, an air supply fan 1-6 and an igniter 1-7;

[0072] The combustion chamber 1-1 is a shell structure with one end open and the other end closed. The open end of the combustion chamber 1-1 is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone separator 2-1. The closed end of the combustion chamber 1-1 is provided with a central hole. The vortex finder 1-4 is provided outside the closed end of the combustion chamber 1-1. The oil supply nozzle 1-5 is provided inside the vortex finder 1-4, and the oil outlet end is provided through the central hole. The oil supply nozzle 1-5 is connected to an external oil supply pump. Furthermore, the vortex finder 1-4 is an axial flow two-stage vortex finder. The oil supply nozzle 1-5 is a pressure vortex atomizing nozzle.

[0073] The cross section of the combustion chamber 1-1 is circular or rectangular. When the cross section of the combustion chamber 1-1 is rectangular, the combustion chamber 1-1 is divided into a large chamber section, a contraction section and a small chamber section from the closed end to the open end. The two afterburning holes 1-2 are respectively arranged on two opposite walls of the large chamber section and are positioned opposite to each other. The two mixing holes 1-3 are arranged one by one adjacent to the two afterburning holes 1-2 and are positioned opposite to each other. The afterburning holes 1-2 are closer to the closed end of the combustion chamber 1-1 than the mixing holes 1-3. The igniter 1-7 is arranged on the wall of the large chamber section and is closer to the closed end of the combustion chamber 1-1 than the afterburning holes 1-2. The igniter 1-7 is an electric spark type.

[0074] The air supply fan 1-6 is arranged outside the combustion chamber 1-1 and is arranged opposite to the closed end of the combustion chamber 1-1; the air supply fan 1-6 is an axial flow type, and the speed can be adjusted steplessly and automatically;

[0075] See attached Figure 5 , the heat exchange system 3 is a heat exchanger 3-1; the heat exchanger 3-1 includes fin tubes and a heat exchanger shell;

[0076] The heat exchanger shell has openings at both ends, one end is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator 2-1, and the other end is an exhaust channel 3-3, which is connected to the external environment;

[0077] The finned tube includes a plurality of fins 3-11 and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 3-12;

[0078] A plurality of fins 3-11 are arranged in parallel in the heat exchanger housing, and the gaps between adjacent fins 3-11 are along the direction of air intake, so that the gas blown in by the cyclone separator 2-1 can pass through the gaps and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel 3-3; a plurality of through holes (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the fins 3-11, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 3-12 are arranged on the fins 3-11 in a one-to-one corresponding staggered row, and are commonly connected to the external main pipeline and water pump, and the heat exchange tubes 3-12 are filled with engine coolant; the fins 3-11 and the heat exchange tubes 3-12 can be welded or integrally formed;

[0079] In a specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 3-12 is 10-15 mm, the thickness of each fin 3-11 is 0.15-0.3 mm, and the spacing between adjacent fins 3-11 is 5-10 mm;

[0080] The parameter acquisition and control system 4 includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an integrated controller;

[0081] The temperature sensor is used to measure temperature data, including the temperature of the engine coolant, the temperature of the vehicle's oil tank oil, the temperature of the vehicle's transmission lubricant oil, and the temperature of the external environment;

[0082] The pressure sensor is used to measure pressure data, including the pressure of the combustion chamber inlet (i.e., downstream of the air supply fan 1-6 and upstream of the combustion chamber 1-1), the combustion chamber outlet, the heat exchanger inlet, the heat exchanger outlet and the external environment;

[0083] The integrated controller is used to control the opening and closing and speed of the air supply fan 1-6, the opening and closing of the oil supply pump, and the opening and closing of the igniter 1-7 according to the temperature data and pressure data collected above.

[0084] Working principle:

[0085] The integrated controller of the parameter acquisition and control system 4 controls the fuel supply pump. Under the action of the fuel supply pump, the fuel supply nozzle 1-5 supplies fuel to the combustion chamber 1-1; air is added to the combustion chamber 1-1 through the supplementary combustion hole 1-2 to adjust the air-fuel ratio; mixing air is introduced through the mixing hole to quickly and evenly mix the fuel and the mixing air. The integrated controller controls the igniter 1-7 to ignite and generate high-temperature flue gas, which is discharged into the cyclone separator 2-1 through the small chamber section of the combustion chamber 1-1; the cyclone separator 2-1 separates the carbon soot particles and gas in the high-temperature flue gas, and the separated high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange system 3 through the outlet of the cyclone separator 2-1. After the high-temperature gas exchanges heat with the fins 3-11 and the heat exchange tubes 3-12, it is discharged to the external environment through the exhaust channel 3-3; the fins 3-11 and the heat exchange tubes 3-12 heat the vehicle.

[0086] Embodiment 2:

[0087] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, see attached Figure 6 , the smoke separation system 2 also includes a gas passage switching valve 2-3 and a gas standby passage 2-4;

[0088] The gas path switching valve 2-3 is arranged between the gas outlet of the combustion system 1 and the gas inlet of the cyclone separator 2-1, and the gas path switching valve 2-3 is provided with three interfaces, namely, interface I, interface II and interface III;

[0089] Interface I is connected to the gas outlet of the combustion system 1, interface II is connected to the gas inlet of the cyclone separator 2-1, and interface III is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchange system 3 through the gas backup passage 2-4;

[0090] A passage Ⅰ is formed between the interface Ⅰ and the interface Ⅱ of the gas passage switching valve 2-3, and a passage Ⅱ is formed between the interface Ⅰ and the interface Ⅲ;

[0091] The parameter acquisition and control system 4 can control the opening and closing of the passage I and passage II of the gas passage switching valve 2-3; when passage I is opened and passage II is closed, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion system 1 can be purified by the cyclone separator 2-1 and then transported to the heat exchange system 3 to effectively reduce smoke deposition;

[0092] When passage II is opened and passage I is closed, when no fuel combustion occurs in the combustion system 1, air can be directly delivered to the heat exchange system 3 through the combustion system 1 to purge the heat exchange system 3;

[0093] When passage II is opened and passage I is closed, when fuel combustion occurs in the combustion system 1, high-temperature flue gas can be directly transported to the heat exchange system 3 through passage II.

[0094] The present embodiment provides a vehicle heating device with a smoke separation function. By setting a gas passage switching valve and a gas backup passage, on the one hand, air can be directly delivered to the heat exchange system 3 to purge the heat exchange system 3, so as to achieve the effect of removing smoke deposited on the heat exchange surface; on the other hand, in the face of insufficient upstream pressure in a plateau low-pressure environment and emergency heating in an extremely cold environment, when the pressure data reaches the set value, the gas can reach the heat exchange system 3 through the gas backup channel, avoiding excessive pressure loss and heat loss caused by passing through the cyclone separator, thereby improving the environmental adaptability and reliability of the system.

[0095] The heat exchange system 3 also includes a plurality of baffles, wherein the plurality of baffles 3-2 are arranged in the heat exchanger housing and are located upstream of the fins 3-11. The plurality of baffles 3-2 are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the fins 3-11, and each baffle can be lifted or lowered under the control of the parameter acquisition and control system 4; when the baffle 3-2 is lifted into place, the baffle 3-2 is parallel to the gas flow direction; when the baffle 3-2 is lowered into place, the baffle 3-2 is perpendicular to the gas flow direction;

[0096] See attached Figure 7 , when the vehicle is heated by the heat exchange system 3, all baffles 3-2 are lifted;

[0097] See attached Figure 8 When the heat exchange system is purged with air, part of the baffles 3-2 fall down, and the other part of the baffles 3-2 are lifted up to increase the air velocity of the flow and improve the purging efficiency. In a specific embodiment, the baffles 3-2 are lifted up one by one, and only one baffle 3-2 is lifted up at the same time.

[0098] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function, characterized in that: include: Combustion system, smoke separation system, heat exchange system and parameter acquisition and control system; The combustion system, smoke separation system, and heat exchange system are connected in sequence. The fuel can be burned in the combustion system to generate high-temperature smoke. The high-temperature smoke can be separated from the smoke by the smoke separation system to form high-temperature gas. The high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange system to achieve vehicle heating. The parameter acquisition and control system is used to collect relevant temperature data and pressure data, and send control signals to the combustion system according to the temperature data and pressure data to control the combustion system; The smoke separation system comprises a cyclone separator, the air inlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the air outlet of the combustion system, and the air outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the air inlet of the heat exchange system.

2. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke and dust separation system also includes a gas passage switching valve and a gas backup passage; The gas path switching valve is arranged between the gas outlet of the combustion system and the gas inlet of the cyclone separator. The gas path switching valve is provided with three interfaces, namely, interface I, interface II and interface III; Interface I is connected to the gas outlet of the combustion system, interface II is connected to the gas inlet of the cyclone separator, and interface III is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchange system through a fuel gas backup passage; A passage Ⅰ is formed between the interface Ⅰ and the interface Ⅱ of the gas passage switching valve, and a passage Ⅱ is formed between the interface Ⅰ and the interface Ⅲ; The parameter acquisition and control system can control the opening and closing of passage Ⅰ and passage Ⅱ of the gas passage switching valve; when passage Ⅰ is opened and passage Ⅱ is closed, the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the combustion system can be purified by the cyclone separator and then transported to the heat exchange system; When passage II is open, passage I is closed, and no fuel combustion occurs in the combustion system, air can be directly delivered to the heat exchange system through the combustion system to purge the heat exchange system; When passage II is opened and passage I is closed, when fuel combustion occurs in the combustion system, high-temperature flue gas can be directly transported to the heat exchange system through passage II.

3. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The casing of the cyclone separator can be made entirely or partially of thermoelectric material.

4. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer shell of the cyclone separator is formed by butting a cylindrical tubular structure with an open end and an air outlet at the other end and a truncated cone tubular structure. The cylindrical tubular structure is located at the top of the truncated cone tubular structure. The large diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure is butted with the open end of the cylindrical tubular structure. The maximum diameter of the large diameter end of the truncated cone tubular structure is the same as the maximum diameter of the cylindrical tubular structure. The side wall of the cylindrical tubular structure is formed by a number of arc-shaped sheets arranged and spliced ​​along the circumference. The arc-shaped sheets are made of thermoelectric materials, the concave side is the high-temperature side, and the convex side is the low-temperature side. A voltage difference is formed between the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side.

5. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The smoke and dust separation system also includes a smoke and dust collector, which is detachably connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator.

6. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The combustion system includes a combustion chamber, a supplementary combustion hole, a mixing hole, a head vortexer, a fuel supply nozzle, an air supply fan and an igniter; The combustion chamber is a shell structure with one end open and the other end closed. The open end of the combustion chamber is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone separator. The closed end of the combustion chamber is provided with a central hole. The vortex finder is arranged outside the closed end of the combustion chamber. The oil supply nozzle is arranged in the vortex finder, and the oil outlet end is arranged through the central hole. The oil supply nozzle is connected to an external oil supply pump. The cross section of the combustion chamber is rectangular, and the sections from the closed end to the open end are respectively a large chamber section, a contraction section and a small chamber section. The two afterburning holes are respectively arranged on two opposite walls of the large chamber section and are opposite to each other; the two mixing holes are arranged adjacent to each other and are opposite to each other; the afterburning holes are closer to the closed end of the combustion chamber than the mixing holes; the igniter is arranged on the wall of the large chamber section and is closer to the closed end of the combustion chamber than the afterburning holes; The air supply fan is arranged outside the combustion chamber and opposite to the closed end of the combustion chamber; The parameter acquisition and control system can control the opening and closing of the air supply fan and its speed, the opening and closing of the oil supply pump, and the opening and closing of the igniter.

7. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange system is a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger includes fin tubes and a heat exchanger shell; The heat exchanger shell has openings at both ends, one end is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator, and the other end is an exhaust channel, which is connected to the external environment; The finned tube comprises a plurality of fins and a plurality of heat exchange tubes; A plurality of fins are arranged in parallel in the heat exchanger housing, and the gaps between adjacent fins are along the direction of air intake, so that the gas blown in by the cyclone separator can pass through the gaps and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel; The fins are provided with a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged on the fins in a one-to-one corresponding staggered row and are commonly connected with an external main pipeline and a water pump, and the heat exchange tubes are filled with engine coolant.

8. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The heat exchange system is a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger includes fin tubes and a heat exchanger shell; The heat exchanger shell has openings at both ends, one end is connected to the air outlet of the cyclone separator, and the other end is an exhaust channel, which is connected to the external environment; The finned tube comprises a plurality of fins and a plurality of heat exchange tubes; A plurality of fins are arranged in parallel in the heat exchanger housing, and the gaps between adjacent fins are along the direction of air intake, so that the gas blown in by the cyclone separator can pass through the gaps and then be discharged to the outside through the exhaust channel; The fins are provided with a plurality of through holes, and a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged on the fins in a one-to-one corresponding staggered row and are commonly connected with an external main pipeline and a water pump, and the heat exchange tubes are filled with engine coolant.

9. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The heat exchange system also includes a plurality of baffles, which are arranged in the heat exchanger shell and located upstream of the fins. The plurality of baffles are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the fins, and each baffle can be lifted or lowered under the control of the parameter acquisition and control system; when the baffle is lifted into place, the baffle is parallel to the gas flow direction; when the baffle is lowered into place, the baffle is perpendicular to the gas flow direction; When the vehicle is heated using the heat exchange system, all baffles are raised; When air is used to purge the heat exchange system, part of the baffles falls and other parts of the baffles rise.

10. A vehicle heating device with smoke and dust separation function as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The baffles are lifted one by one, and only one baffle is in the lifted state at the same time.

Images