Capacitor electrode and decoupling electrolytic water hydrogen production square electrolytic cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a capacitor electrode and a decoupling water electrolysis hydrogen production square electrolytic bath, and by means of the design of gas and liquid flow channels of the capacitor electrode and the decoupling water electrolysis hydrogen production square electrolytic bath, hydrogen and oxygen can be isolated in water electrolysis reaction; the high cost of the ion exchange membrane is saved, and the limitation of the diaphragm is broken through, so that the working pressure of the electrolytic cell can reach 5MPa or even higher; by arranging the electrolytic cell limiting mechanism, the small electrolysis chambers can be prevented from falling, so that leakage of electrolyte is prevented, and meanwhile, due to the modular skid-mounted design, distributed moving and mounting are facilitated, and overhauling and maintenance during faults are facilitated; by means of the unique design of the square flow field, the square alkali liquor inlet and outlet and the square hydrogen / oxygen outlet, it can be ensured that the flow speed of an electrolyte flow channel is uniform, gas is exhausted in time, energy loss is reduced, and the electrolysis efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a capacitor electrode and a square electrolytic cell for decoupled water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. Background Art

[0002] At present, alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) is the most mature water electrolysis hydrogen production technology on the market. In the alkaline water electrolysis method, the oxygen evolution reaction (HER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (OER) occurring at the anode and cathode are coupled in time and space. It relies on a diaphragm to separate the hydrogen evolution chamber and the oxygen evolution chamber. The main structural shapes are circular and square, with circular being the most common.

[0003] In recent years, researchers have reported a decoupled water electrolysis scheme that replaces the traditional alkaline electrolyzer diaphragm by introducing a soluble or solid redox medium to achieve decoupled water electrolysis operation. This scheme couples the reduction reaction on the medium with the OER occurring in water electrolysis to produce hydrogen (OER step), and couples the oxidation reaction on the medium with the OER occurring in water electrolysis to produce hydrogen (HER step), thereby achieving the independence of HER and OER in water electrolysis to produce hydrogen in time or space.

[0004] China Publication No. CN111074291A discloses a two-step water electrolysis hydrogen production device and method. The high and low temperature electrolytes must be switched between the two steps, which is cumbersome to operate, and the high temperature chemical oxygen production takes a long time, which is difficult to meet the needs of high current density hydrogen production; China Publication No. CN105420748A also discloses a two-step water electrolysis hydrogen production device and method, but it cannot produce hydrogen and oxygen at the same time, affecting production efficiency. At the same time, in recent years, major manufacturers have gradually introduced square-structured electrolyzers, and Chinese patents CN 116445942 A, CN 116463657 A, CN 118048640 B, CN118028847 A, etc. also disclose square electrolyzer devices.

[0005] In summary, in practical applications, conventional alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen mainly has the following problems: During the hydrogen production process, the volume of hydrogen produced at the cathode is twice the volume of oxygen produced at the anode, resulting in a pressure imbalance on both sides of the diaphragm, which accelerates the mutual penetration of hydrogen and oxygen. Especially at low current density, the amount of gas produced in the hydrogen evolution chamber and the oxygen evolution chamber is insufficient and the bubbles are small, making it easier for hydrogen and oxygen to penetrate the diaphragm and cross-diffusion occur. This is also a major drawback of the currently commercialized diaphragms.

[0006] The uneven flow rate of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell will lead to uneven temperature in the electrolytic cell. At the same time, the hydrogen / oxygen produced by electrolysis cannot be discharged smoothly, which can easily lead to diaphragm perforation and mechanical damage. When the input power fluctuates, the reaction time of the electrolytic cell is longer, and the electrolysis efficiency is lower under low load conditions.

[0007] Due to principle and material limitations, the current working pressure of square electrolyzers is mostly at normal pressure. In terminal application scenarios, this will increase the comprehensive energy consumption of gas compression and the investment cost of compressors and other equipment.

[0008] Due to the lack of support, the traditional square electrolytic cell has the problem of the electrolysis chamber (the smallest unit for water electrolysis to generate hydrogen and oxygen, composed of cathode and anode electrodes, diaphragm and alkali solution) easily falling and causing alkali solution leakage. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a capacitor electrode and a decoupled electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen square electrolyzer, the capacitor electrode can effectively prevent the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen, the decoupled electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen square electrolyzer can prevent the electrolysis chamber from falling, through the flow channel design, the decoupled electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen square electrolyzer of the present invention can ensure the uniform flow rate of the electrolyte flow channel and the timely discharge of the gas, by cooperating with the capacitor electrode of the present invention, the working pressure of the decoupled electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen square electrolyzer of the present invention can exceed 5MPa.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a capacitor electrode, the capacitor electrode is a layered structure, which is formed by pressing two side electrode layers and a middle electrode sandwich, wherein the middle electrode sandwich is a rigid, microporous, conductive material, and the two side electrode layers are made of a three-dimensional porous conductive material, a conductive agent, and an adhesive; in electrolysis applications, the capacitor electrode is not connected to electricity and does not undergo redox reactions. It allows ions and electrons to pass through and blocks hydrogen and oxygen molecules from passing through, and the working pressure of the electrolytic cell can be greater than 5MPa.

[0011] In particular, the three-dimensional porous conductive material at least includes graphene sol, carbon nanotube sol, porous carbon, and conductive polymer film.

[0012] Particularly, the capacitor electrode has a thickness of 100 μm to 10 mm.

[0013] At the same time, the present invention also provides a decoupled electrolysis water hydrogen production square electrolytic cell, including an end plate, a polar plate, a bipolar plate, an insulating gasket, an oxygen evolution electrode, a diaphragm, a capacitor electrode, a hydrogen evolution electrode, a limiting support rod, and a compression screw. The end plates are arranged at both ends of the electrolytic cell, and polar plates are arranged on opposite sides of the end plates, and the polar plates are provided with connection terminals, and at least one bipolar plate is arranged between the left and right polar plates; There are mounting grooves inside the polar plate and the bipolar plate. After installation, the mounting grooves between the polar plate and the bipolar plate or between the bipolar plates will form a closed installation space, and the installation space is installed with insulating gaskets, oxygen evolution electrodes, diaphragms, capacitor electrodes, diaphragms, and hydrogen evolution electrodes. The insulating gasket has the same profile as the polar plate and the bipolar plate, and is used to seal the installation space formed by the mounting grooves. The end plates are provided with through holes for installing limiting support rods and compression screws to achieve compression of all components (polar plates (2), bipolar plates (3), insulating gaskets (4), oxygen evolution electrodes (5), diaphragms (6), capacitor electrodes (7) and hydrogen evolution electrodes (8)) between the two end plates.

[0014] Furthermore, an electrode support is provided in the installation groove for supporting the oxygen evolution electrode and the hydrogen evolution electrode to form an oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution space.

[0015] In particular, the pole plates and bipolar plates are provided with upper limit supports and lower limit supports, which cooperate with the limit support rods to prevent the pole plates, bipolar plates and their internal components (electrolysis chambers) from falling.

[0016] In particular, the polar plate and the bipolar plate are respectively provided with a hydrogen channel, a cathode alkali liquid channel, an oxygen channel, and an anode alkali liquid channel, wherein the hydrogen channel and the cathode alkali liquid channel are connected to the mounting groove on one side of the polar plate and the bipolar plate, and the oxygen channel and the anode alkali liquid channel are connected to the mounting groove on the other side of the polar plate and the bipolar plate; After coordinated installation, all hydrogen channels are connected with the corresponding hydrogen outlets on the end plates to form hydrogen flow channels; all oxygen channels are connected with the corresponding oxygen outlets on the end plates to form oxygen flow channels; all cathode alkali liquid channels are connected with the corresponding cathode alkali liquid ports on the end plates to form cathode alkali liquid flow channels; all anode alkali liquid channels are connected with the corresponding anode alkali liquid ports on the end plates to form anode alkali liquid flow channels.

[0017] In particular, the capacitor electrode can prevent the mixing of oxygen evolved by the oxygen evolution electrode and hydrogen evolved by the hydrogen evolution electrode.

[0018] In particular, the upper limit support and the lower limit support are made of insulating engineering plastics.

[0019] Particularly, the hydrogen channel, cathode alkali solution channel, oxygen channel and anode alkali solution channel are all square holes.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a capacitor electrode that can block the mixing of H2 and O2, greatly reducing the risk of gas permeation and mixing, while avoiding the use of expensive and difficult-to-maintain ion exchange membranes. In addition, it breaks through the diaphragm limitation, allowing the working pressure of the electrolyzer to reach 5MPa or even higher, greatly reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of gas compression and the investment cost of compressors and other equipment.

[0021] The unique square flow field design, square alkali solution inlet and outlet, and square hydrogen / oxygen outlet of the electrolytic cell ensure uniform flow velocity of the electrolyte flow channel and timely discharge of gas, making the alkali solution temperature more evenly distributed, reducing energy loss and improving electrolysis efficiency.

[0022] By designing limit supports and flexible screw installation methods, the electrolytic cell chambers can be prevented from falling. At the same time, the modular skid-mounted design facilitates decentralized movement and installation, reduces the difficulty of installation, and can increase or decrease the number of chambers according to different usage scenarios. When a chamber fails, inspection and maintenance are also more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the square electrolytic cell structure for decoupling water electrolysis to produce hydrogen in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the square electrolytic cell structure for decoupling water electrolysis to produce hydrogen in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a front view of the polar plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a rear view of the electrode plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the bipolar plate of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the capacitor electrode structure of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a process application of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1, end plate; 2, polar plate; 3, bipolar plate; 4, insulating gasket; 5, oxygen evolution electrode; 6, diaphragm; 7, capacitor electrode; 701, electrode layer; 702, electrode interlayer; 8, hydrogen evolution electrode; 9, limit support rod; 10, pressing screw; 11, oxygen outlet; 12, anode alkali liquid outlet; 13, hydrogen outlet; 14, cathode alkali liquid outlet; 15, terminal; 16, upper limit support; 17, lower limit support; 18, hydrogen channel; 19, cathode alkali liquid channel; 20, electrode support; 21, mounting groove; 22, oxygen channel; 23, anode alkali liquid channel; 101. Constant current regulated power supply; 102. Electrolyzer; 103. Hydrogen gas-liquid separation and dripping device; 104. Oxygen gas-liquid separation and dripping device; 105. Water pump; 106. Pure water tank; 107. Alkali liquid tank; 108. Heat exchanger; 109. Alkali liquid circulation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a square electrolytic cell 102 for decoupled water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. The electrolytic cell 102 uses a capacitor electrode 7 proposed by the present invention. The capacitor electrode 7 is a layered structure, such as Figure 6 As shown, a microporous, conductive, rigid electrode interlayer 702 is arranged in the middle to prevent the mixing of hydrogen and oxygen. The two sides of the capacitor electrode 7 are electrode layers 701, which are made of three-dimensional porous conductive materials with added conductive agents and adhesives. The three-dimensional porous conductive materials include but are not limited to graphene sol, carbon nanotube sol, porous carbon, conductive polymer film, and composite film. The thickness of the capacitor electrode 7 is 100 microns to 10 mm.

[0027] In terms of structural composition, in the decoupled electrolysis water hydrogen production square electrolyzer 102 of the present invention, the electrode plate 2 and the adjacent bipolar plate 3 or the bipolar plate 3 and another adjacent bipolar plate 3 form an electrolysis chamber, and installation grooves 21 are respectively opened on both sides of the electrode plate 2 and the bipolar plate 3, and electrode supports 20 are arranged in the grooves. After installation, a closed space can be formed, and an insulating gasket 4, an oxygen evolution electrode 5, a diaphragm 6, a capacitor electrode 7, a diaphragm 6, and a hydrogen evolution electrode 8 are sequentially installed in the closed space, thereby forming a space for electrolytic water electrolysis redox reaction, wherein the capacitor electrode 7 is used as a boundary, a hydrogen evolution reaction occurs on one side, and an oxygen evolution reaction occurs on the other side. In terms of overall composition, the square electrolytic cell 102 for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis of the present invention has end plates 1 on both sides, and a plate 2 is installed inside each end plate 1. Electrolytic chambers are installed between the plates 2. The number of electrolytic chambers can be flexibly set. When there are at least electrolytic chambers, the end plates 1, plates 2, electrolytic chamber internal components, bipolar plates 3, electrolytic chamber internal components, plates 2, and end plates 1 are installed from left to right, wherein the electrolytic chamber internal components are: insulating gasket 4, oxygen evolution electrode 5, diaphragm 6, capacitor electrode 7, diaphragm 6, hydrogen evolution electrode 8. When the number of electrolytic chambers needs to be increased, the bipolar plate 3 and the electrolytic chamber internal components are added in sequence at the front end of the rightmost plate 2.

[0028] The structure of the plate 2 is as follows Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the electrode plate 2 is provided with a terminal 15 for connecting electricity to the electrolytic reaction, and the upper and lower ends of each side of the electrode plate 2 are provided with a square opening, the upper opening is a gas passage opening, and the lower opening is a liquid passage opening. Figure 3 As shown, a square liquid channel opening is provided at the lower left corner of the viewing surface of the electrode plate 2, and a square gas channel opening is provided at the upper right corner. The liquid channel opening and the gas channel opening are connected to the mounting groove 21 of this side. Therefore, when an electrolytic reaction (such as a reduction reaction) occurs on this side, the gas (hydrogen) flows out from the upper gas channel opening, and the liquid (cathode alkali liquid) flows out from the lower liquid channel opening. The corresponding other side has a similar structure, and another polar reaction (oxidation reaction) in the electrolytic reaction occurs, and the generated gas (oxygen) flows out from the upper gas channel opening, and the liquid (anode alkali liquid) flows out from the lower liquid channel opening. Correspondingly, the bipolar plate 3 has a similar structure to the electrode plate 2 (without the wiring terminal 15), as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown. The plate 2 and the bipolar plate 3 have similar structures. When they are assembled and connected, all the upper left channel openings in the same direction are connected to form a gas channel, and the right channel openings are connected to form another gas channel. All the lower left channel openings are connected to form a liquid channel, and the right channel openings are connected to form another liquid channel. Among them, a reduction reaction occurs on one side of the plate 2 or the bipolar plate 3 that is connected to the hydrogen evolution electrode 8, and the corresponding gas channel opening is the hydrogen channel 18, and the liquid channel opening is the cathode alkaline liquid channel 19. An oxidation reaction occurs on one side of the plate 2 or the bipolar plate 3 that is connected to the oxygen evolution electrode 5, and the corresponding gas channel opening is the oxygen channel 22, and the liquid channel opening is the anode alkaline liquid channel 23.

[0029] Finally, the hydrogen channel 18 is connected to the hydrogen outlet 13 on the end plate 1, and the hydrogen is released and collected. The oxygen channel 22 is connected to the oxygen outlet 11 on the end plate 1, and the oxygen is released and collected. The cathode alkali liquid channel 19 is connected to the cathode alkali liquid port 14 on the end plate 1, and the cathode alkali liquid is circulated. The anode alkali liquid channel 23 is connected to the anode alkali liquid port 12 on the end plate 1, and the anode alkali liquid is circulated.

[0030] In summary, by using the decoupled water electrolysis hydrogen production square electrolytic cell 102 of the present invention, hydrogen and oxygen can flow out from different channels respectively, and the alkaline solutions at the cathode and the anode are also circulated separately. In addition, the capacitor electrode 7 of the present invention can block the passage of hydrogen and oxygen molecules, thereby achieving the decoupling of the hydrogen evolution reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction, which not only saves the high cost of using ion exchange membranes, but also greatly reduces the risk of gas permeation and mixing. Moreover, since the limitation of the diaphragm is broken, the working pressure of the electrolytic cell 102 can be 5MPa or even higher, which greatly reduces the comprehensive energy consumption of gas compression and the investment cost of compressors and other equipment. On the other hand, the unique flow field design of the electrolytic cell 102 of the present invention ensures uniform flow velocity of the electrolyte flow channel and timely discharge of gas, more uniform temperature distribution of the alkali solution, reduced energy loss, and improved electrolysis efficiency. The electrodes (including the oxygen evolution electrode 5 and the hydrogen evolution electrode 8) and the diaphragm 6 of the electrolytic cell 102 are all square structures, and no cutting is required during use, which saves costs and materials (generally, the electrodes and diaphragms 6 produced are mostly square. If a traditional circular electrolytic cell structure is used, the electrodes and diaphragms 6 need to be cut). Embodiment 2

[0031] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the pole plate 2 and the bipolar plate 3 are respectively provided with an upper limit support 16 and a lower limit support 17. When the entire electrolytic cell 102 assembly is arranged in sequence and compressed by the compression screw 10, the upper limit support 16 and the lower limit support 17 on the pole plate 2 and the bipolar plate 3 are respectively stuck on the limit support rod 9, thereby preventing the electrolytic chamber from falling and thus preventing the alkali solution from leaking. In addition, since the electrolytic cell 102 of the present invention adopts a modular skid-mounted design, it is convenient to move and install in a decentralized manner, reducing the difficulty of installation, and can increase or decrease the number of chambers according to different usage scenarios. When a certain chamber fails, inspection and maintenance are also more convenient.

[0032] It should be noted that the present invention simplifies the composition to facilitate clear expression of the main structure. Figure 1 , Figure 2 The middle clamping screw 10 is not fully drawn. In actual applications, the clamping screw 10 is provided at the position where the nut is drawn on the middle plate 1 to achieve the clamping of the electrolytic cell 102. Embodiment 3

[0033] like Figure 7The figure shows a schematic diagram of a process application of the present invention. In the production process, a constant current regulated power supply 101 provides electrolysis energy, and an electrolytic cell 102 uses a KOH solution with an alkali solution concentration of 27% to 32%. The hydrogen and oxygen generated therein enter the gas-liquid separation droplet catching device through different flow channels and are collected after purification. The alkali solution in the hydrogen gas-liquid separation droplet catching device 103 and the oxygen gas-liquid separation droplet catching device 104 is cooled by a heat exchanger 108 and then pumped out to the electrolytic cell 102 by an alkali solution circulation pump 109, so as to realize the alkali solution cooling circulation and maintain the alkali solution temperature in the electrolytic cell 102. At the same time, the process is provided with an alkali solution tank 107, an alkali solution circulation pump 109, a pure water tank 106 and a water pump 105 to replenish the alkali solution and pure water in time.

[0034] In terms of materials, the electrode material of the hydrogen evolution electrode 8 can be a composite of precious metals Pt, Pd and carbon materials, or a single substance or compound of transition metals Ni, Co, Cu or Fe, or a compound of rare earth elements W and Mo; the electrode material of the oxygen evolution electrode 5 can be a composite of precious metals Ru, Ir and carbon materials, or a single substance or compound of transition metals Ni, Co, Cu or Fe.

[0035] When the circuit is connected, water molecules are reduced to hydrogen gas on the hydrogen evolution electrode 8, i.e. 2H2O + e - → H2+2OH - OH - Driven by the external electric field, the capacitor electrode 7 itself is positively charged, which will promote OH - Migrate to the anode, OH - It is oxidized to oxygen on the oxygen evolution electrode 5, namely 2OH - → 1 / 2O2+ H2O + e - .

[0036] The capacitor electrode 7 itself does not undergo redox reaction and is not connected to electricity. Ions and electrons can be transferred to the hydrogen evolution electrode 8 and the oxygen evolution electrode 5 through the capacitor electrode 7 .

[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A capacitor electrode, characterized in that: The capacitor electrode (7) is a layered structure, which is formed by pressing two side electrode layers (701) and a middle electrode sandwich (702), wherein the middle electrode sandwich (702) is a rigid, microporous, conductive material, and the two side electrode layers (701) are made of a three-dimensional porous conductive material, a conductive agent, and an adhesive. In electrolysis applications, the capacitor electrode (7) is not connected to electricity and does not undergo redox reactions. It allows ions and electrons to pass through and blocks hydrogen and oxygen molecules from passing through.

2. The capacitor electrode according to claim 1, wherein: The three-dimensional porous conductive material at least includes graphene sol, carbon nanotube sol, porous carbon and conductive polymer film.

3. The capacitor electrode according to claim 2, wherein: The thickness of the capacitor electrode (7) is 100 μm to 10 mm.

4. A square electrolyzer for decoupled water electrolysis and hydrogen production using the capacitor electrode (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising an end plate (1), a polar plate (2), a bipolar plate (3), an insulating gasket (4), an oxygen evolution electrode (5), a diaphragm (6), a capacitor electrode (7), a hydrogen evolution electrode (8), a limiting support rod (9), and a pressing screw (10), characterized in that: The end plates (1) are arranged at both ends, and polar plates (2) are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the end plates (1). The polar plates (2) are provided with connection terminals (15), and at least one bipolar plate (3) is arranged between the left and right polar plates (2); The polar plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3) have mounting grooves (21) therein. After being mounted together, the mounting grooves (21) between the polar plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3) or between the bipolar plates (3) and the bipolar plates (3) form a closed mounting space. An insulating gasket (4), an oxygen evolution electrode (5), a diaphragm (6), a capacitor electrode (7), a diaphragm (6), and a hydrogen evolution electrode (8) are sequentially mounted in the mounting space. The insulating gasket (4) has the same profile as the polar plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3) and is used to seal the mounting space formed by the mounting grooves (21). The end plate (1) is provided with a through hole for installing a limit support rod (9) and a pressing screw (10) to achieve pressing of the polar plate (2), the bipolar plate (3), the insulating gasket (4), the oxygen evolution electrode (5), the diaphragm (6), the capacitor electrode (7) and the hydrogen evolution electrode (8) between the two end plates (1).

5. The square electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: An electrode support (20) is arranged in the installation groove (21) for supporting the oxygen evolution electrode (5) and the hydrogen evolution electrode (8) to form oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution space.

6. The square electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: An upper limit support (16) and a lower limit support (17) are provided on the pole plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3), and the upper limit support (16) and the lower limit support (17) cooperate with the limit support rod (9) to prevent the pole plate (2), the bipolar plate (3) and the components inside thereof from falling.

7. The square electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The polar plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3) are respectively provided with a hydrogen channel (18), a cathode alkali liquid channel (19), an oxygen channel (22), and an anode alkali liquid channel (23) on the upper and lower sides, wherein the hydrogen channel (18) and the cathode alkali liquid channel (19) are in communication with the mounting groove (21) on one side of the polar plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3), and the oxygen channel (22) and the anode alkali liquid channel (23) are in communication with the mounting groove (21) on the other side of the polar plate (2) and the bipolar plate (3); After being installed in coordination, all hydrogen channels (18) are connected to the corresponding hydrogen outlets (13) on the end plate (1) to form hydrogen flow channels; all oxygen channels (22) are connected to the corresponding oxygen outlets (11) on the end plate (1) to form oxygen flow channels; all cathode alkali liquid channels (19) are connected to the corresponding cathode alkali liquid ports (14) on the end plate (1) to form cathode alkali liquid flow channels; and all anode alkali liquid channels (23) are connected to the corresponding anode alkali liquid ports (12) on the end plate (1) to form anode alkali liquid flow channels.

8. The square electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The capacitor electrode (7) can prevent the oxygen gas released by the oxygen release electrode (5) from mixing with the hydrogen gas released by the hydrogen release electrode (8).

9. The square electrolytic cell for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The upper limit support (16) and the lower limit support (17) are made of insulating engineering plastics.

10. The square electrolyzer for producing hydrogen by decoupling water electrolysis as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The hydrogen channel (18), the cathode alkali solution channel (19), the oxygen channel (22), and the anode alkali solution channel (23) are all square holes.

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