Frog forging die with automatic die opening function and die forging process of frog forging die

Abstract

The invention provides a frog forging die with an automatic die opening function and a die forging process of the frog forging die. The frog forging die comprises a lower base plate, a spring, a spring core, a lower die, a limiting block, an upper base plate, an upper cushion block, a guide sleeve, an upper die and a guide column. The upper and lower dies are connected with the upper and lower base plates in a positioning and fastening manner through flat keys; the upper die and the lower die are vertically guided through a guide post and a guide sleeve which are arranged at opposite angles of the base plate in a set manner; the guide sleeve and the upper base plate are installed in a vertical interference fit mode. The guide column and the lower base plate are vertically mounted in an interference fit manner; the number of the springs is four, and two of the springs are arranged on the guide columns at the diagonal positions in a sleeving mode correspondingly. The other two spring cores are sleeved on the spring cores at the diagonal positions; the spring core is vertically assembled on the lower base plate in an interference manner; the upper cushion block is fixedly mounted in the center of the upper surface of the upper cushion plate in a fastening manner. By avoiding clamp manufacturing, manufacturing and mounting of a traditional die forging die connecting die forging press and a die forging upper die clamp are avoided, finally, the die manufacturing difficulty is reduced, the die cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of railway turnouts, and in particular relates to a frog forging die with an automatic die opening function and a die forging process thereof. Background Art

[0002] The die forging process is an important production process in the forging field, and the forging die used in the die forging process is an indispensable part of it.

[0003] At present, commonly used forging dies need to be installed on a die forging press for use. The forging die must be designed with a fixture connected to the crossbeam of the die forging press to ensure that the die can complete the die opening action after forging is completed.

[0004] However, when the size and weight of the mold are relatively large, the size and weight of the fixture will also increase, and the cost of making the fixture will increase significantly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a frog forging die with automatic die opening function and a die forging process thereof, which avoids the manufacture of fixtures, thereby avoiding the manufacture and installation of the traditional die forging die connecting the die forging press and the die forging upper die fixture, and ultimately reduces the difficulty of die manufacturing, reduces the die cost, and improves work efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a frog forging die with automatic die opening function, comprising a lower pad, a spring, a spring core, a lower die, a limit block, an upper pad, an upper pad, a guide sleeve, an upper die and a guide column.

[0007] The upper die and the upper pad are positioned and fastened by a flat key; the lower die and the lower pad are positioned and fastened by a flat key.

[0008] The upper die and the lower die are vertically guided by guide pillars and guide sleeves which are designed as a set at the diagonal sides of the pad.

[0009] The guide sleeve is installed with an interference fit on the upper pad vertically; the guide column is installed with an interference fit on the lower pad vertically.

[0010] There are four springs; two of them are respectively mounted on the guide pillars at diagonal positions; the other two springs are mounted on the spring cores at diagonal positions; the spring cores are vertically interference fitted or screwed on the lower pad;

[0011] The upper pad is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper surface of the upper pad.

[0012] In the above technical scheme, as a further improvement of the present invention: the free length of the spring is 1350mm-1400mm. The diameter of the spring wire is 45mm. The middle diameter of the spring is 280mm. When the mold is open, the spring is affected by the deadweight of the upper mold, and the length of the spring is 1280mm-1320mm; when the spring is in a free compression state, the guide post penetrates at least 1 / 2 of the axial length of the guide sleeve; when the spring is in a free compression state, at least 450mm of space is left between the upper and lower molds for placing and taking out the frog blank; when the upper mold is pressed down to the final position, the compressed size of the spring cannot exceed the limit compression size of the spring, and at least 40mm of margin is left; the guide sleeve is a flange-type guide sleeve.

[0013] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: the spring stiffness is at least above 100N / mm, so that when the upper mold returns, it can not only overcome the weight of the upper mold but also provide an additional demoulding force of more than 14t.

[0014] In the above technical scheme, as a further improvement of the present invention: the lower pad and the upper pad are formed with circular spring pits for accommodating springs; the diameter of the spring pit is 5% to 10% larger than the outer diameter of the spring, and the depth of the spring pit is 10% larger than the diameter of the spring wire.

[0015] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the present invention: the spring pit of the upper pad has a diameter greater than 350 mm and a depth of 50 mm to 55 mm; the spring pit of the lower pad has a diameter greater than 350 mm and a depth of 60 to 70 mm.

[0016] Among the above technical schemes, as the preferred technical scheme of the present invention: the diameter of the spring core is between 150mm and 220mm, the length of the spring core is 560mm to 600mm, the spring core is threadedly matched with the lower pad, and the diameter of the threaded matching part is 90mm, and the axial length is 125mm; the length of the spring core guide part is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the free length of the spring.

[0017] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: when the mold is closed, the upper surface of the guide pillar cannot exceed the upper surface of the upper pad.

[0018] In the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the thickness of the upper pad is greater than 60 mm.

[0019] The present invention also claims protection for a die forging process of a frog forging die with an automatic die opening function, the die forging process is implemented by any of the frog forging dies with an automatic die opening function, and comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1. Put in the blank: first heat the blank to 1100℃, then use the robot arm to clamp the frog blank and send it into the lower mold cavity. At this time, the mold is in the open mold state, the distance between the upper and lower molds is 480mm, and there is enough operating space.

[0021] S2. The upper die starts to move downward forging: During forging, the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper pad downward, causing the entire upper die and its connecting parts to move downward until the upper die contacts the blank, and then the upper die continues to move downward. During this process, the blank is compressed and deformed, gradually filling the cavity.

[0022] S3, the upper die reaches the final position and forging is completed: when the blank is gradually filled, the upper die gradually moves down to the final position. At this time, the upper die is pressed on the limit block, and the limit block bears the full pressure of the press, so that the upper die no longer moves down until the filling is completed and the forging is completed; at this time, the spring is in the maximum compression state and accumulates elastic potential energy.

[0023] S4, upper die return: after metal filling, the free forging press anvil moves upward in a return motion. At this time, the spring in the compressed state releases its elastic potential energy, and lifts the upper pad together with the upper die upward to complete the demoulding of the blank and the upper die; after demoulding, the upper pad is lifted to the set position by the spring and returns to the open die state, the free forging press anvil is separated from the upper pad, and the forging is completed; the forged frog is then clamped by the manipulator to complete the demoulding of the forging and the lower die.

[0024] Among the above technical solutions, as the preferred technical solution of the present invention: the free forging press is a 5000T free forging press; the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper pad downward at a speed of 10 mm / s.

[0025] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0026] 1. The present invention can avoid the manufacture and installation of the clamp for connecting the traditional die forging die to the die forging press and the upper die of the forging die, reduce the difficulty of die manufacturing, reduce costs, and improve work efficiency; the present invention does not need to design and manufacture the upper die clamp, so the structure is relatively simple, the installation is quick, the cost is saved, the working method is flexible, and the application range is wide; after the forging is completed, the upper die will be lifted up by the spring, the action is relatively coherent, and the work efficiency is high.

[0027] 2. The present invention is generally assembled by means of interference fit pre-tightening, which can reduce the internal stress of the mold during the forming process to a certain extent and increase the service life of the mold.

[0028] 3. The guide pins and guide sleeves of the present invention are arranged at diagonal positions and are used to realize the guiding function of the mold. Compared with the guiding function arranged at the four corners, the diagonal arrangement can save the space occupied by the mold, making the overall structure of the mold more compact, which is beneficial to improving production efficiency and equipment utilization; the diagonal arrangement can ensure the precise positioning of the mold during the mold closing process, reduce the error caused by inaccurate positioning, and improve the processing accuracy of the product; the contact area and friction path of the diagonally arranged guide pins and guide sleeves are optimized during the opening and closing process of the mold, which helps to reduce friction and wear, thereby extending the service life of the guide pins and guide sleeves; since the diagonal arrangement improves the wear resistance of the guide pins and guide sleeves, the frequency of replacement due to wear is reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the mold; the diagonally arranged guide pins and guide sleeves are relatively simple to install, without the need for complicated positioning and debugging processes, which helps to shorten the installation cycle and debugging time of the mold.

[0029] 4. The double fixing method of the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower pads of the present invention is connected by a flat key positioning and fastening method, which provides double fixation; this double fixing method significantly improves the strength and stability of the connection; the key connection ensures the relative position accuracy through the precise cooperation of the keyway and the key; the key connection usually has high rigidity and can resist deformation or displacement caused by external force, thereby maintaining the overall stability and positioning accuracy of the mold; the fixing method of keys and screws helps to disperse stress between the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower pads, reducing the risk of fatigue cracks or fractures caused by stress concentration, which helps to extend the service life of the mold.

[0030] 5. The parameters of the spring in the mold of the present invention are reasonably set, which not only ensures the normal operation of the mold, but also takes into account the operating space and safety margin; and the flange guide sleeve has been widely used in the mold due to its advantages of stable structure, easy installation, and firm connection.

[0031] 6. The tiny gap between the spring and the spring pit of the present invention allows the spring to be accurately centered during installation, avoiding deviation or tilting caused by improper installation, thereby enhancing the stability of the spring. The appropriate gap reduces the direct contact area between the spring and the spring pit, reduces the wear caused by friction, and extends the service life of the spring; the depth of the spring pit is 10% larger than the diameter of the steel wire of the spring, which provides a certain pre-compression space for the spring; by adjusting the pre-compression amount of the spring in the spring pit, the preload force of the spring can be accurately controlled to meet different working requirements; the appropriate depth design ensures that the spring can evenly distribute stress when subjected to force, thereby improving the reliability of the overall structure; the circular spring pit design makes the spring assembly process simple and quick; the design of the spring pit makes the entire structure more compact; it makes full use of the space between the upper and lower pads, and no additional fixings or structures are required to support the spring, thereby saving space occupied by the overall structure.

[0032] 7. The diameter of the spring core of the present invention is between 150 mm and 220 mm, and the length is between 560 mm and 600 mm. Such a size design ensures that the spring core has sufficient structural strength and rigidity to withstand the expected load without deformation or failure. At the same time, the longer length also provides better stability and bending resistance. The spring core is connected to the lower pad by threaded fitting, and the diameter of the threaded fitting part is 90 mm and the axial length is 125 mm. This design ensures the accuracy and reliability of the connection. The larger thread diameter and sufficient axial length provide a stronger connection force to prevent loosening or falling off due to vibration or impact. The length of the guide part of the spring core is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the free length of the spring. This design optimizes the guiding effect of the spring core on the spring. The guide part is long enough to ensure that the spring maintains the correct direction during compression or extension, reducing the performance degradation caused by offset or tilt. At the same time, the guide part will not be too long, thereby avoiding unnecessary material waste and weight increase. The threaded connection design makes the assembly and disassembly of the spring core simple and quick. When the spring core or spring needs to be replaced, the threaded connection and reasonable guide part design make it easy to remove the old part and install the new part, reducing maintenance costs and time. The design range of the spring core diameter, length and guide part length has a certain degree of adjustability, which can be adjusted according to different application requirements and working environments. This flexibility makes the design suitable for a variety of occasions and conditions.

[0033] 8. The guide post of the present invention serves as a guiding element during the opening and closing process of the mold. The relative position of its upper surface and the upper surface of the upper pad directly affects the closing accuracy of the mold. When the upper surface of the guide post does not exceed the upper pad, it can ensure that the mold can be accurately aligned during the closing process to avoid mold damage or product defects caused by position deviation. If the upper surface of the guide post protrudes above the upper pad, during the closing process of the mold, the guide post may make unnecessary contact or collision with other parts of the mold, resulting in wear or damage. Keeping the upper surface of the guide post not exceeding the upper surface of the upper pad can effectively avoid such situations and extend the service life of the mold. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is the assembly front view of the mold of the present invention in the mold opening state;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an assembly front view of the mold of the present invention in a closed mold state;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional axonometric diagram of the mold of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1-lower pad, 2-spring, 3-spring core, 4-lower die, 5-limit block, 6-upper pad, 7-upper pad, 8-guide sleeve, 9-upper die, 10-guide column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the attached embodiment of the present invention Figure 1-3 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] (like Figures 1 to 3 A frog forging die with an automatic die opening function is shown in the figure, comprising a lower pad 1, a spring 2, a spring core 3, a lower die 4, a limit block 5, an upper pad 6, an upper pad 7, a guide sleeve 8, an upper die 9, and a guide column 10; it should be noted that the forging die of the present invention removes the necessary fasteners, and the forging die of the present invention is composed of only the above ten components, so the structure is simplified.

[0040] In addition, the upper mold 9 is connected to the upper pad 6 by a flat key positioning and fastening connection; the lower mold 4 is connected to the lower pad 1 by a flat key positioning and fastening connection. First position by a flat key, then fasten by a hexagonal screw. The double fixing method of the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower pads of the present invention by a flat key positioning and fastening connection provides double fixation; this double fixing method significantly improves the strength and stability of the connection; the key connection ensures the relative position accuracy through the precise cooperation of the keyway and the key; the key connection usually has high rigidity and can resist deformation or displacement caused by external forces, thereby maintaining the overall stability and positioning accuracy of the mold; the fixing method of keys and screws helps to disperse stress between the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower pads, reducing the risk of fatigue cracks or fractures caused by stress concentration, which helps to extend the service life of the mold.

[0041] The upper mold 9 and the lower mold 4 realize vertical guidance of the upper and lower molds 9 and 4 through the guide pillars 10 and guide sleeves 8 designed as a set at the diagonal of the pad. The guide pillars 10 and guide sleeves 8 of the present invention are set at diagonal positions and are used to realize the guiding function of the mold. Compared with the guiding function set at the four corners, the diagonal setting can save the space occupied by the mold, making the overall structure of the mold more compact, which is conducive to improving production efficiency and equipment utilization; the diagonal setting can ensure the precise positioning of the mold during the mold closing process, reduce the error caused by inaccurate positioning, and improve the processing accuracy of the product; the contact area and friction path of the diagonally arranged guide pillars 10 and guide sleeves 8 are optimized during the opening and closing process of the mold, which helps to reduce friction and wear, thereby extending the service life of the guide pillars 10 and guide sleeves 8; because the diagonal setting improves the wear resistance of the guide pillars 10 and guide sleeves 8, the frequency of replacement due to wear is reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the mold; the diagonally arranged guide pillars 10 and guide sleeves 8 are relatively simple to install, without the need for complex positioning and debugging processes, which helps to shorten the installation cycle and debugging time of the mold.

[0042] The guide sleeve 8 is installed with a vertical interference fit on the upper pad 6; the guide column 10 is installed with a vertical interference fit on the lower pad 1; the present invention is generally assembled in a pre-tightening manner by interference fit, which can reduce the internal stress of the mold during the forming process to a certain extent and increase the service life of the mold.

[0043] There are four springs 2; two of them are respectively mounted on the guide pillars 10 at the diagonal positions; the other two springs 2 are mounted on the spring cores 3 at the diagonal positions; the spring cores 3 are vertically interference fitted or screwed on the lower pad 1; the spring cores 3 are similar to the guide pillars 10, and the spring cores 3 are screwed on the lower pad 1. By installing the four springs 2 on the guide pillars 10 and the spring cores 3 at the diagonal positions, this layout helps to evenly disperse the force of the entire structure. When subjected to external pressure or vibration, the four springs can work together to provide stable support and buffering effects, reducing the risk of damage caused by excessive force on a single point. The design of the spring core 3 allows for a more flexible assembly method such as screwing, which makes it easy to disassemble and replace these components when necessary, reducing maintenance costs and time, and improving the availability and production efficiency of the equipment. The spring core 3 is vertically interference fitted on the lower pad 1 or fixed by threaded connection. This design is not only convenient for installation and adjustment, but also increases the adaptability of the structure. The guide post 10 is used as a guiding element in combination with the spring 2 to ensure high-precision positioning of the entire structure during movement or deformation. This design helps to reduce errors caused by position offset or shaking and improve the stability and accuracy of the overall structure.

[0044] The upper pad 7 is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper surface of the upper pad 6, and is specifically fastened by a hexagon socket screw. The upper pad 7 design does not require the design and manufacture of an upper die fixture, so the structure is relatively simple, the installation is quick, the cost is saved, the working method is flexible, and the application range is wide; after the forging is completed, the upper die will be lifted up by the spring, the action is relatively coherent, and the working efficiency is high.

[0045] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: first, the blank is heated to 1100°C, and then the frog blank is clamped by a mechanical arm and sent into the mold, at which time the mold is in an open mold state. After the blank is sent in, it is forged by a 5000T free forging press. During forging, the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper pad 7 downward at a speed of 10mm / s, and the upper pad 7 presses the upper die seat 8 so that it drives the upper die 9 to move downward along the guide column 10. The blank is compressed and deformed in this process, and the cavity is gradually filled. When the upper die 9 moves downward to the set position, the lower surface of the upper die 9 contacts the upper surface of the limit block 5. At this time, the limit block 5 withstands the pressure of the free forging press, so that the mold no longer moves downward. At the same time, the guide column 10 extends out of the upper pad 8, but the head of the guide column 10 does not exceed the upper surface of the upper pad 7. At this time, the spring 2 is in a compressed state. After the metal is filled, the anvil of the free forging press moves upward and returns. At this time, the spring 2 in the compressed state releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the upper pad 8 together with the upper die 9 upward to complete the demoulding of the blank and the upper die 9. After demoulding, the upper pad 8 is pushed up to the set position by the spring 2 and returns to the open die state. The anvil of the free forging press continues to move upward until it is separated from the upper pad 7, completing the forging. The forged frog is then clamped by the manipulator to complete the demoulding with the lower die.

[0046] In the above embodiment, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: the free length of the spring 2 is 1350 mm to 1400 mm, which is the natural length of the spring when not affected by external force.

[0047] The steel wire diameter of spring 2 is 45 mm, which determines the strength and stiffness of spring 2.

[0048] The middle diameter of spring 2 is 280mm; this is the average value of the inner diameter and outer diameter of spring 2, and also affects the performance of spring 2.

[0049] In the mold opening state (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the spring 2 is affected by the deadweight of the upper die 9, and the length of the spring 2 is 1280 mm to 1320 mm; this indicates that the spring has a certain amount of pre-compression to balance the deadweight of the upper die.

[0050] When the spring 2 is in a free compression state, the guide post 10 penetrates at least 1 / 2 of the axial length of the guide sleeve 8; this is to ensure that the guide post 10 and the guide sleeve 8 can be accurately aligned during the mold closing process to avoid mold misalignment or damage.

[0051] When the spring 2 is in a free compression state, a space of at least 450 mm is reserved between the upper and lower dies (9, 4) for placing and removing the frog blank; this is to place and remove the frog blank and ensure sufficient operating space.

[0052] When the upper die 9 is pressed down to the final position (such as Figure 2 As shown), the compressed size of the spring 2 cannot exceed the maximum compression size of the spring 2, and a margin of at least 40 mm is left; this is to prevent the spring from being over-compressed and losing its elasticity, or even permanently deforming or breaking.

[0053] The guide sleeve 8 is a flange-type guide sleeve. The flange-type guide sleeve has a stable structure and can withstand large lateral forces and impact forces, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the mold during mold closing and mold opening. The flange-type guide sleeve is easy to install and disassemble, which is convenient for mold maintenance. The flange-type guide sleeve is firmly and reliably connected to the mold, which can effectively prevent the guide sleeve from loosening or falling off during mold operation.

[0054] In summary, the parameters of spring 2 in the mold are set reasonably, which not only ensures the normal operation of the mold, but also takes into account the operating space and safety margin. The flange guide sleeve has been widely used in molds due to its advantages such as stable structure, convenient installation and firm connection.

[0055] In the above embodiment, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: the stiffness of the spring 2 is at least 100N / mm, so that when the upper mold 9 returns, it can not only overcome the self-weight of the upper mold 9, but also provide an additional demolding force of more than 14t. That is, the automatic demolding function of the mold is realized. The stiffness is the force generated by the spring 2 under unit deformation, which reflects the ability of the spring 2 to resist deformation. In this case, high stiffness means that the spring can store and release energy more effectively. When the mold is in the open mold state (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the upper die 9 sinks due to its own gravity. At this time, the spring 2 is compressed and stores energy. Due to the high stiffness of the spring 2, it can generate enough force to overcome the deadweight of the upper die 9 and ensure that the upper die can smoothly return to its initial position. In addition to overcoming the deadweight of the upper die, the spring 2 also needs to provide additional demoulding force to ensure that the frog blank can be smoothly ejected from the die. This additional demoulding force is generated by the spring when releasing the stored energy. Due to the high stiffness of the spring 2, it can generate a large force in a short stroke, thereby providing a demoulding force of at least 14t or more. The technical advantage is that through the automatic rebound of the spring 2, manual operation can be reduced, and the automation degree and production efficiency of the mold can be improved. Sufficient demoulding force can ensure that the frog blank is not damaged during the demoulding process, thereby ensuring the quality and consistency of the product. The rational use of the spring 2 can reduce the impact and wear of the mold during the mold closing and opening process, thereby extending the service life of the mold.

[0056] In the above embodiment, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: the lower pad 1 and the upper pad 6 are formed with a circular spring pit for accommodating the spring 2; the diameter of the spring pit is 5% to 10% larger than the outer diameter of the spring 2, and the depth of the spring pit is 10% larger than the diameter of the steel wire of the spring 2. Since the diameter of the spring pit is 5% to 10% larger than the outer diameter of the spring 2, this tiny gap allows the spring to be accurately centered during installation, avoiding deviation or tilting caused by improper installation, thereby enhancing the stability of the spring. The appropriate gap reduces the direct contact area between the spring and the spring pit, reduces the wear caused by friction, and prolongs the service life of the spring. The depth of the spring pit is 10% larger than the diameter of the steel wire of the spring 2, which provides a certain pre-compression space for the spring. By adjusting the pre-compression amount of the spring in the spring pit, the preload force of the spring can be accurately controlled to meet different working requirements. The appropriate depth design ensures that the spring can evenly distribute stress when subjected to force, thereby improving the reliability of the overall structure. The circular spring pit design makes the assembly process of the spring simple and quick. The design of the spring pit makes the entire structure more compact. It makes full use of the space between the upper and lower pads, and does not require additional fixtures or structures to support the springs, thus saving space occupation of the overall structure.

[0057] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the spring pit of the upper pad 6 has a diameter greater than 350 mm and a depth of 50 mm to 55 mm; the spring pit of the lower pad 1 has a diameter greater than 350 mm and a depth of 60 to 70 mm.

[0058] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the diameter of the spring core 3 is between 150mm and 220mm, the length of the spring core 3 is 560mm to 600mm, the spring core 3 is threadedly matched with the lower pad 1, and the diameter of the threaded matching part is 90mm, and the axial length is 125mm; the length of the guide part of the spring core 3 is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the free length of the spring 2.

[0059] It should be noted that the diameter of the spring core 3 is between 150 mm and 220 mm, and the length is between 560 mm and 600 mm. Such a size design ensures that the spring core has sufficient structural strength and rigidity to withstand the expected load without deformation or failure. At the same time, the longer length also provides better stability and bending resistance. The spring core 3 is connected to the lower pad 1 by threaded fitting, and the diameter of the threaded fitting part is 90 mm and the axial length is 125 mm. This design ensures the accuracy and reliability of the connection. The larger thread diameter and sufficient axial length provide a stronger connection force to prevent loosening or falling off due to vibration or impact. The length of the guide part of the spring core 3 is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the free length of the spring 2. This design optimizes the guiding effect of the spring core on the spring 2. The guide part is long enough to ensure that the spring maintains the correct direction during compression or extension, reducing the performance degradation caused by offset or tilt. At the same time, the guide part will not be too long, thereby avoiding unnecessary material waste and weight increase. The threaded connection design makes the assembly and disassembly of the spring core 3 simple and quick. When the spring core or spring needs to be replaced, the threaded connection and reasonable guide part design make it easy to remove the old part and install the new part, reducing maintenance costs and time. The design range of the diameter, length and guide part length of the spring core 3 has a certain degree of adjustability and can be adjusted according to different application requirements and working environments. This flexibility makes the design suitable for a variety of occasions and conditions.

[0060] In the above embodiment, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: when the mold is closed, the upper surface of the guide pillar 10 cannot exceed the upper surface of the upper pad 7. In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the thickness of the upper pad 7 is greater than 60 mm.

[0061] The guide post 10 serves as a guiding element during the opening and closing process of the mold. The relative position of its upper surface and the upper surface of the upper pad 7 directly affects the closing accuracy of the mold. When the upper surface of the guide post 10 does not exceed the upper pad 7, it can ensure that the mold can be accurately aligned during the closing process to avoid mold damage or product defects caused by position deviation. If the upper surface of the guide post 10 protrudes above the upper pad 7, during the closing process of the mold, the guide post may make unnecessary contact or collision with other parts of the mold, resulting in wear or damage. Keeping the upper surface of the guide post not exceeding the upper surface of the upper pad can effectively avoid such situations and extend the service life of the mold.

[0062] In the specific implementation of the present invention: the outer dimensions of the upper die 9 are 770 mm×820 mm×350 mm, the shape of the internal cavity is CNC machined according to the shape of the forging, and the cavity depth is 40 mm.

[0063] The outer dimensions of the upper pad 6 are 1600mm×1100mm×150mm. In addition to the guide sleeve hole of φ180mm, the upper pad 7 also needs to be designed with four spring pits of φ355mm×60mm.

[0064] The outer dimensions of the lower die are 770mm×1100mm×350mm, and the internal cavity is CNC machined according to the shape of the forging, and the cavity depth is 90mm.

[0065] The guide column has a size of φ150mm×1290mm, and a length of the introduction section of 450mm.

[0066] The guide sleeve 8 is a flange type guide sleeve with an inner diameter of 150 mm, an outer diameter of the flange section of 205 mm and a length of 210 mm, and an outer diameter of the introduction section of 180 mm and a length of 90 mm.

[0067] The spring core 3 has a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 560 mm, and is threadedly matched with the lower pad 1 , with the threaded portion having a diameter of 90 mm and a length of 125 mm.

[0068] The spring 2 is a non-standard spring, the free length of the spring 2 is 1380 mm, the center diameter is 280 mm, the steel wire diameter is 45 mm, and the stiffness of the spring 2 is 127 N / m.

[0069] The present invention also claims protection for a die forging process of a frog forging die with an automatic die opening function, the die forging process is implemented by any of the frog forging dies with an automatic die opening function, and comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step S1, placing the blank: first heat the blank to 1100° C., then use a mechanical arm to clamp the frog blank and send it into the lower mold cavity. At this time, the mold is in an open mold state, and the distance between the upper and lower molds (9, 4) is 480 mm, so there is sufficient operating space.

[0071] Step S2, the upper die 9 starts to descend forging: During forging, the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper pad 7 downward, so that the entire upper die 9 and its connecting parts descend until the upper die 9 contacts the blank, and then the upper die 9 continues to descend. The blank is compressed and deformed in this process, and gradually fills the cavity.

[0072] Step S3, the upper die 9 reaches the final position and the forging is completed: when the blank is gradually filled, the upper die 9 gradually moves down to the final position. At this time, the upper die 9 presses on the limit block 5, and the limit block 5 withstands the full pressure of the press, so that the upper die 9 no longer moves down until the filling is completed and the forging is completed; at this time, the spring 2 is in the maximum compression state and accumulates elastic potential energy.

[0073] Step S4, upper die return: After metal filling, the free forging press anvil moves upward in a return motion. At this time, the spring 2 in the compressed state releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the upper pad 6 together with the upper die 9 upward to complete the demoulding of the blank and the upper die 9; after demoulding, the upper pad 6 is pushed up to the set position by the spring 2 and returns to the open die state, the free forging press anvil is separated from the upper pad 7, and the forging is completed; the forged frog is then clamped by the manipulator to complete the demoulding of the forging and the lower die 4.

[0074] In the above embodiment, as the preferred technical solution of the present invention: the free forging press is a 5000T free forging press; the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper pad 7 downward at a speed of 10 mm / s.

[0075] From the above description, it can be found that the present invention can avoid the manufacture and installation of the clamp for connecting the traditional die forging die to the die forging press and the upper die of the forging die, thereby reducing the difficulty of die manufacturing, reducing costs and improving work efficiency.

[0076] The present invention does not need to design and manufacture the upper die fixture, so the structure is relatively simple, the installation is quick, the cost is saved, the working method is flexible, and the application range is wide; after the forging is completed, the upper die will be lifted up by the spring, the action is relatively coherent, and the working efficiency is high.

[0077] The present invention is generally assembled in a pre-tightening manner by interference fit, which can reduce the internal stress of the mold during the forming process to a certain extent and increase the service life of the mold.

[0078] The guide pins and guide sleeves of the present invention are arranged at diagonal positions and are used to realize the guiding function of the mold, saving the space occupied by the mold, making the overall structure of the mold more compact, and being beneficial to improving production efficiency and equipment utilization rate; the diagonal arrangement can ensure the precise positioning of the mold during the mold closing process, reduce the error caused by inaccurate positioning, and improve the processing accuracy of the product; the contact area and friction path of the diagonally arranged guide pins and guide sleeves are optimized during the opening and closing process of the mold, which helps to reduce friction and wear, thereby extending the service life of the guide pins and guide sleeves; since the diagonal arrangement improves the wear resistance of the guide pins and guide sleeves, the frequency of replacement due to wear is reduced, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the mold; the diagonally arranged guide pins and guide sleeves are relatively simple to install, without the need for complicated positioning and debugging processes, which helps to shorten the installation cycle and debugging time of the mold.

[0079] The double fixing method of the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower pads of the present invention is positioned and fastened by flat keys, providing double fixation; this double fixing method significantly improves the strength and stability of the connection; the key connection ensures the relative position accuracy through the precise cooperation of the keyway and the key; the key connection usually has high rigidity and can resist deformation or displacement caused by external force, thereby maintaining the overall stability and positioning accuracy of the mold; the fixing method of keys and screws helps to disperse stress between the upper and lower molds and the upper and lower pads, reducing the risk of fatigue cracks or fractures caused by stress concentration, which helps to extend the service life of the mold.

[0080] The parameters of the spring in the mold of the present invention are reasonably set, which not only ensures the normal operation of the mold, but also takes into account the operating space and safety margin; and the flange guide sleeve is widely used in the mold due to its advantages of stable structure, convenient installation, firm connection, etc.

[0081] The tiny gap between the spring and the spring pit of the present invention allows the spring to be accurately centered during installation, avoiding deviation or tilting due to improper installation, thereby enhancing the stability of the spring, and the appropriate gap reduces the direct contact area between the spring and the spring pit, reduces the wear caused by friction, and extends the service life of the spring; the depth of the spring pit provides a certain pre-compression space for the spring; by adjusting the pre-compression amount of the spring in the spring pit, the pre-tightening force of the spring can be accurately controlled to meet different working requirements; the appropriate depth design ensures that the spring can evenly distribute stress when subjected to force, thereby improving the reliability of the overall structure; the circular spring pit design makes the spring assembly process simple and quick; the design of the spring pit makes the entire structure more compact; it makes full use of the space between the upper and lower pads, and does not require additional fixings or structures to support the spring, thereby saving space occupied by the overall structure.

[0082] The diameter of the spring core of the present invention is between 150 mm and 220 mm, and the length is between 560 mm and 600 mm. Such a size design ensures that the spring core has sufficient structural strength and rigidity, and can withstand the expected load without deformation or failure. At the same time, the longer length also provides better stability and bending resistance. The spring core is connected to the lower pad by threaded matching, and the diameter of the threaded matching part is 90 mm and the axial length is 125 mm. This design ensures the accuracy and reliability of the connection. The larger thread diameter and sufficient axial length provide a stronger connection force, preventing loosening or falling off due to vibration or impact. The length of the guide part of the spring core is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the free length of the spring. This design optimizes the guiding effect of the spring core on the spring. The guide part is long enough to ensure that the spring maintains the correct direction during compression or extension, reducing the performance degradation caused by offset or tilt. At the same time, the guide part will not be too long, thereby avoiding unnecessary material waste and weight increase. The threaded connection design makes the assembly and disassembly of the spring core simple and quick. When the spring core or spring needs to be replaced, the threaded connection and reasonable guide part design make it easy to remove the old part and install the new part, reducing maintenance costs and time. The design range of the spring core diameter, length and guide part length has a certain degree of adjustability, which can be adjusted according to different application requirements and working environments. This flexibility makes the design suitable for a variety of occasions and conditions.

[0083] The guide post of the present invention serves as a guiding element during the opening and closing process of the mold, and the relative position of its upper surface and the upper surface of the upper pad directly affects the closing accuracy of the mold. When the upper surface of the guide post does not exceed the upper pad, it can ensure that the mold can be accurately aligned during the closing process, avoiding mold damage or product defects caused by position deviation. If the upper surface of the guide post protrudes above the upper pad, during the closing process of the mold, the guide post may make unnecessary contact or collision with other parts of the mold, thereby causing wear or damage. Keeping the upper surface of the guide post not exceeding the upper surface of the upper pad can effectively avoid such situations and extend the service life of the mold.

[0084] In summary, the present invention provides a frog forging die that can be used for die forging on a free forging press. Compared with the traditional die forging die, the die eliminates the need for designing, manufacturing and installing the upper die fixture, effectively reduces the forging cost and improves work efficiency. At the same time, the die is highly practical, has a wider range of applications, is simpler to use and has high versatility.

[0085] It should be understood that although the present specification is described according to an implementation method, the implementation method does not only include an independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in this embodiment can also be appropriately arranged and combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0086] The above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, so all equivalent changes made to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention; it should be noted that: the components used in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available.

Claims

1. A frog forging die with automatic die opening function, characterized in that: It comprises a lower pad (1), a spring (2), a spring core (3), a lower die (4), a limit block (5), an upper pad (6), an upper pad (7), a guide sleeve (8), an upper die (9), and a guide post (10); The upper die (9) and the upper pad (6) are connected in a positioning and fastening manner via a flat key; the lower die (4) and the lower pad (1) are connected in a positioning and fastening manner via a flat key; The upper die (9) and the lower die (4) realize vertical guidance of the upper and lower dies (9, 4) through guide pillars (10) and guide sleeves (8) designed as a set at the diagonal of the pad; The guide sleeve (8) is installed with a vertical interference fit on the upper pad (6); the guide column (10) is installed with a vertical interference fit on the lower pad (1); There are four springs (2); two of the springs (2) are respectively mounted on guide pillars (10) at diagonal positions; the other two springs (2) are mounted on spring cores (3) at diagonal positions; the spring cores (3) are vertically interference fitted or screwed on the lower pad (1); The upper pad (7) is fixedly mounted at the center of the upper surface of the upper pad (6).

2. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free length of the spring (2) is 1350 mm to 1400 mm, the steel wire diameter of the spring (2) is 45 mm, and the middle diameter of the spring (2) is 280 mm; when the mold is in the open mold state, the spring (2) is affected by the deadweight of the upper mold (9), and the length of the spring (2) is 1280 mm to 1320 mm; when the spring (2) is in the free compression state, the guide column (10) penetrates at least 1 / 2 of the axial length of the guide sleeve (8); when the spring (2) is in the free compression state, a space of at least 450 mm is reserved between the upper and lower molds (9, 4) for placing and removing frog blanks; when the upper mold (9) is pressed down to the final position, the compressed size of the spring (2) cannot exceed the limit compression size of the spring (2), and a margin of at least 40 mm is reserved; the guide sleeve (8) is a flange-type guide sleeve.

3. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The stiffness of the spring (2) is at least 100 N / mm, so that when the upper mold (9) returns, it can not only overcome the weight of the upper mold (9) but also provide an additional demoulding force of more than 14 tons.

4. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pad (1) and the upper pad (6) are provided with circular spring pits for accommodating the spring (2); the diameter of the spring pit is 5% to 10% larger than the outer diameter of the spring (2); the depth of the spring pit is 10% larger than the diameter of the steel wire of the spring (2).

5. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spring pit of the upper pad (6) has a diameter greater than 350 mm and a depth of 50 mm to 55 mm; the spring pit of the lower pad (1) has a diameter greater than 350 mm and a depth of 60 to 70 mm.

6. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the spring core (3) is between 150 mm and 220 mm, the length of the spring core (3) is between 560 mm and 600 mm, the spring core (3) is threadedly matched with the lower pad (1), and the diameter of the threaded matching part is 90 mm, and the axial length is 125 mm; the length of the guide part of the spring core (3) is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the free length of the spring (2).

7. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the mold is closed, the upper surface of the guide pillar (10) cannot exceed the upper surface of the upper cushion block (7).

8. The frog forging die with automatic die opening function according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper pad (7) is greater than 60 mm.

9. A die forging process for a frog forging die with an automatic die opening function, characterized in that: The die forging process is implemented by the frog forging die with automatic die opening function as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprises the following steps: S1. Putting in the blank: first heat the blank to 1100°C, then use a mechanical arm to clamp the frog blank and send it into the lower mold cavity. At this time, the mold is in the open mold state, and the distance between the upper and lower molds (9, 4) is 480mm, so there is enough operating space; S2, the upper die (9) starts to move downward forging: during forging, the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper pad (7) downward, so that the entire upper die (9) and its connecting parts move downward until the upper die (9) contacts the blank, and then the upper die (9) continues to move downward. During this process, the blank is compressed and deformed, and gradually fills the cavity; S3, the upper die (9) reaches the final position and the forging is completed: when the blank is gradually filled, the upper die (9) gradually moves down to the final position, at which time the upper die (9) is pressed on the limit block (5), and the limit block (5) bears the full pressure of the press, so that the upper die (9) no longer moves down until the filling is completed and the forging is completed; at this time, the spring (2) is in the maximum compression state, and the elastic potential energy is accumulated; S4, upper die return: After metal filling, the free forging press anvil moves upward and returns. At this time, the spring (2) in the compressed state releases its elastic potential energy, and pushes the upper pad (6) together with the upper die (9) upward, completing the demoulding of the blank and the upper die (9); after demoulding, the upper pad (6) is pushed up to the set position by the spring (2), and returns to the open die state, and the free forging press anvil is separated from the upper pad (7), completing the forging; then the robot clamps the forged frog, completing the demoulding of the forging and the lower die (4).

10. The die forging process according to claim 9, characterized in that: The free forging press is a 5000T free forging press; the anvil of the free forging press presses the upper cushion block (7) downward at a speed of 10 mm / s.

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