Variable-friction-coefficient sliding limiting seismic isolation support and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a variable-friction-coefficient sliding limiting seismic isolation support and an operation method thereof. The variable-friction-coefficient sliding limiting seismic isolation support comprises an upper cover plate and a lower connecting plate, and an upper connecting hole is formed in the top of the upper cover plate and used for being connected with an upper structure of the upper cover plate; the lower connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole used for being connected with a lower structure of the lower connecting plate. Variable friction coefficient layers are arranged on the opposite sides of the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate and comprise two areas with obvious friction coefficient difference, namely a low friction coefficient material area 1 and a low friction coefficient material area 2 surrounding the periphery of the low friction coefficient material area 1; the friction coefficient of the first low-friction-coefficient material area is smaller than that of the second low-friction-coefficient material area. The sliding block is located between the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the sliding block are each provided with a low-friction-coefficient material layer; and a limiting layer. The support is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, convenient to construct and install and wide in application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seismic isolation and energy dissipation of building structures, and in particular to a variable friction coefficient sliding limit seismic isolation support and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Earthquakes often cause varying degrees of damage to buildings. Traditional earthquake-resistant concepts can no longer meet people's requirements for building safety. With the development of economy and technology, seismic isolation technology has begun to be widely developed. Seismic isolation technology sets up seismic isolation layers between buildings to prevent the transmission of seismic effects. The seismic isolation layer generally achieves the purpose of seismic isolation and energy dissipation by setting up seismic isolation devices and damping devices. Seismic isolation devices generally include rubber seismic isolation bearings, sliding seismic isolation bearings, rolling seismic isolation bearings, etc. Although seismic isolation bearings have been used in actual construction, there are still many problems and shortcomings that need to be solved. It is necessary to isolate seismic effects by setting up seismic isolation bearings, and to consume the energy generated by seismic effects in the process of isolating seismic effects. Therefore, rubber bearings are generally set up with bearings containing lead core structures to achieve the purpose of shock absorption and energy dissipation. The skateboard bearings achieve the purpose of consuming seismic energy by setting up friction pairs through friction materials. However, too much friction will produce greater damping, while too little friction will produce a large displacement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] A variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing, comprising:

[0006] An upper cover plate and a lower connecting plate, wherein the top is provided with an upper connecting hole for connecting with the upper structure thereof; the lower connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole for connecting with the lower structure thereof; and a variable friction coefficient layer is provided on opposite sides of the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, wherein the variable friction coefficient layer includes two regions with obvious differences in friction coefficients, namely, a low friction coefficient material region 1 and a low friction coefficient material region 2 surrounding the low friction coefficient material region 1, and the friction coefficient of the low friction coefficient material region 1 is less than the friction coefficient of the low friction coefficient material region 2;

[0007] A slider, which is located between the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are both provided with a low friction coefficient material layer, wherein the low friction coefficient material layer respectively forms a friction pair with the low friction coefficient material area 1 and the low friction coefficient material area 2 in the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, and the friction coefficient of the friction pair formed by the low friction coefficient material area 1 and the low friction material layer is smaller than that of the friction pair formed by the low friction coefficient material area 2 and the low friction material layer; and

[0008] The limiting layer is located at the outermost sides of the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate and is used to limit the maximum displacement of the slider to prevent it from falling out.

[0009] Optionally, the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the sliding block are provided with grooves, and the low friction coefficient material layer is fixed in the grooves.

[0010] Optionally, the limiting layer, the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate are an integrated structure, and the thickness of the limiting layer is greater than that of the variable friction coefficient layer.

[0011] Optionally, the variable friction coefficient layers provided on the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate are both set to be circular in shape.

[0012] Optionally, the limiting layer is arranged in a ring shape.

[0013] Optionally, the upper cover plate is provided with connecting bolt holes, and connecting anchor bars are installed through bolts and sleeves, and the connecting anchor bars are connected to the upper structure and concrete is poured throughout.

[0014] Optionally, the low friction coefficient material zone 1 is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene plate and is adhered to the surface of the upper cover plate.

[0015] Optionally, the low friction coefficient material zone 2 is made of a stainless steel plate, which is welded inside the upper cover plate and is located at the same horizontal plane as the polytetrafluoroethylene plate.

[0016] An operating method of a variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Installation preparation: Connect the upper cover plate to the upper structure through the upper connection hole, and use bolts and sleeves to cooperate with anchor bars to stabilize the upper structure; tightly connect the lower connection plate to the pre-buried positioning connection plate of the lower structure through the bolt holes;

[0018] Step 2: Adjust the position of the slider: During the installation process, ensure that the slider is in the initial static state and is located in the low friction coefficient material area 1 between the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate;

[0019] Step 3: Small vibration response: When the local vibration is small, the slider only slides in the low friction coefficient material area 1, using the low friction pair to slow down the vibration transmission and achieve the foundation isolation effect;

[0020] Step 4: Large vibration response: When the local vibration exceeds the set threshold, the slider enters the low friction coefficient material zone 2, increases the friction resistance, consumes the seismic energy through the high friction pair, reduces the structural displacement, and enhances the seismic isolation performance;

[0021] Step 5: Displacement limitation: When the slider approaches the limit of its travel, the limiting layer intervenes to prevent sliding beyond the predetermined range and ensure that the support and the structure are not separated;

[0022] Step 6. Maintenance inspection: Regularly inspect the slider, variable friction coefficient layer and connecting parts to ensure the normal operation of each part, replace worn parts in time, and keep the seismic isolation system in good condition.

[0023] Optionally, when installing the slider, it is necessary to ensure that the layer of low-friction material in the slot is accurate to ensure smooth sliding and effective function of the low-friction material.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) Different friction pairs with variable friction coefficients are used to make the isolation system reach a reasonable damping range. On the one hand, it can reduce shock and dissipate energy, and on the other hand, it can prevent excessive displacement response. When an earthquake occurs, the displacement generated by the isolation bearing and the energy consumed are within a more reasonable range.

[0026] (2) The friction surface of the bearing of the present invention is a circular area, which can be fully isolated in the horizontal direction and can withstand earthquakes in different directions, thereby increasing the practical scope of the isolation bearing.

[0027] (3) The upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate of the support are provided with a limiting layer to prevent the slider from detaching from the building structure during a strong earthquake, thereby increasing the stability of the building structure.

[0028] (4) The present invention has a simple structure, low additional cost, simple manufacturing, construction and installation, is easy to promote in engineering, and has a wide range of application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The elevation view and cross-sectional view of the variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a top view of the upper cover;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the upper cover;

[0032] Figure 4 is a top view of the lower connecting plate;

[0033] Figure 5 is the cross-sectional view of the support;

[0034] Figure 6 This is the connection diagram between the support and the structure.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Upper cover plate; 2. Low friction coefficient material zone 1; 3. Low friction coefficient material zone 2; 4. Upper connecting hole; 5. Slider; 6. Limiting layer; 7. Low friction coefficient material layer; 8. Lower connecting plate; 9. Lower connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing provided in the present invention is referred to Figure 1-Figure 6 , an upper cover plate 1 and a lower connecting plate 8, an upper connecting hole 4 is provided on the top for connecting with its upper structure; the lower connecting plate 8 is provided with a bolt hole for connecting with its lower structure; and a variable friction coefficient layer is provided on the opposite sides of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8, and the variable friction coefficient layer includes two areas with obvious differences in friction coefficients, namely, a low friction coefficient material area 1 2 and a low friction coefficient material area 2 3 surrounding the low friction coefficient material area 1 2, and the friction coefficient of the low friction coefficient material area 1 2 is less than the friction coefficient of the low friction coefficient material area 2 3;

[0041] A slider 5 is located between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8. The upper and lower surfaces of the slider 5 are provided with a low friction coefficient material layer 7. The low friction coefficient material layer 7 and the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 and the low friction coefficient material 2 area 3 in the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8 respectively form a friction pair, and the friction coefficient of the friction pair formed by the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 and the low friction material layer is smaller than that of the friction pair formed by the low friction coefficient material 2 area 3 and the low friction material layer; and

[0042] The limiting layer 6 is located at the outermost sides of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8 and is used to limit the maximum displacement of the slider 5 to prevent it from falling out.

[0043] Specifically, the upper cover plate 1 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is both light and strong. The top is provided with an upper connection hole 4 of standard size for fixing to a high-rise building or other upper structure. The upper cover plate 1 is equipped with a carefully designed variable friction coefficient layer on the side facing the slider 5. In this embodiment, the variable friction coefficient layer includes a low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 and a low friction coefficient material 2 area 3, which are distributed in a ring shape around the center to form a natural transition. In addition, the variable friction coefficient friction layer in the upper cover plate 1 is subdivided into multiple friction zones with different friction coefficients, rather than just two. The friction coefficient of each zone is carefully selected and arranged according to different working conditions and performance indicators to adapt to complex and changing environmental requirements. The low friction coefficient materials used in the multiple friction zones with different friction coefficients include but are not limited to: polytetrafluoroethylene plates, stainless steel plates, steel plates, copper plates, modified polyethylene plates or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plates, and materials with tungsten disulfide coatings or molybdenum disulfide coatings. They are reasonably selected and combined according to the friction coefficient targets of specific application fields to achieve optimal dynamic adjustment capabilities and durability. The lower connecting plate 8 is also made of a material that matches the upper cover plate 1, and is equipped with bolt holes at the bottom to facilitate anchoring to the bottom structure. Similar to the upper cover plate 1, the lower connecting plate 8 is also equipped with a consistent variable friction coefficient layer structure on the side facing the slider 5, forming a unified layout with the upper cover plate 1. The main body of the slider 5 is a wear-resistant steel part, and a thin and uniform layer of low friction coefficient material 7 is covered on the upper and lower sides. The material can be flexibly selected according to different actual application occasions, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, modified PE or steel plates with special coatings (such as molybdenum disulfide) to meet specific friction coefficient requirements. The design of the slider 5 allows it to slide freely but controlled between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8. The limiting layer 6 is made of a rigid and pressure-resistant alloy, and is placed at the edge of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8, acting as a "safety valve". When the slider 5 encounters an extreme risk of deviation, the limiting layer 6 intervenes in time to prevent the slider 5 from completely leaving the track, ensuring the overall continuity and functional integrity of the device.

[0044] When the earthquake wave or vibration is small, the slider 5 moves smoothly in the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2, ensuring that the structure only produces a slight vibration, which is conducive to saving energy and avoiding unnecessary stress accumulation; in the face of the earthquake with increased intensity, the slider 5 will gradually transition to the low friction coefficient material 2 area 3, triggering the friction pair with a higher friction coefficient. At this time, the system energy conversion rate increases sharply, dissipating kinetic energy to a great extent, limiting the displacement of the structure, and reducing the possibility of damage. Even if there is an unexpectedly violent vibration, the limiting layer 6 will immediately play a role, preventing the slider 5 from crossing the safety limit, avoiding the disintegration of the structure, and ensuring that all components are tightly connected to jointly resist the adverse conditions.

[0045] The upper and lower surfaces of the slider 5 are provided with card slots, and the low friction coefficient material layer 7 is fixed in the card slots. The low friction coefficient material layer 7 can select suitable materials according to the specific application scenarios, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, modified polyethylene, metal plates with special coatings, etc. After cutting and forming, it is directly embedded in the card slot of the slider 5 to form a stable connection.

[0046] The variable friction coefficient limiting slide plate seismic isolation support of the present invention has a low friction material layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the slider 5. The slider 5 and the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 in the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8 form the first and second friction pairs with smaller friction coefficients. The slider 5 and the low friction coefficient material 2 area 3 form the third and fourth friction pairs with larger friction coefficients.

[0047] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The limiting layer 6, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8 are an integrated structure, and the thickness of the limiting layer 6 is greater than that of the variable friction coefficient layer. The thickened limiting layer 6 has stronger rigidity and impact resistance. When the slider 5 approaches its displacement limit, it can more effectively restrain the sliding and prevent accidental detachment, providing the last line of defense for the entire system.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The variable friction coefficient layers on the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8 are both set to be circular, which helps to optimize the activity path of the slider 5. No matter in which direction the slider moves, the same level of resistance or assistance can be experienced, thereby improving the adaptability and controllability of the seismic isolation system.

[0049] The limiting layer 6 is arranged in an annular shape, and is designed to surround the slider 5 in an annular shape, and form a closed contour at the inner and outer edges. Such a structure can limit the maximum displacement range of the slider 5 in all directions, and whether it is lateral or longitudinal deviation, it can be corrected in time to ensure that the slider 5 is always in a safe area.

[0050] The upper cover plate 1 is provided with connecting bolt holes, and connecting anchor bars are installed through bolts and sleeves. The connecting anchor bars are connected to the upper structure and the concrete is poured. The connecting bolts are made of high-strength stainless steel or alloy materials, which have good corrosion resistance and load-bearing capacity. They are used to penetrate the reserved holes of the upper cover plate 1 to ensure accurate docking with subsequent components. The sleeves are usually made of the same durable material and are placed at both ends of the bolts as a transition medium between the connecting anchor bars and the upper cover plate 1 to enhance the mechanical conduction efficiency. The connecting anchor bars are steel bars of customized size, one end of which is connected to the key part of the upper structure, and the other end penetrates the upper cover plate 1 and is fixed by bolts and sleeves, and finally penetrates into the concrete to achieve three-dimensional locking.

[0051] The low friction coefficient material 1 zone 2 uses a high-performance polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plate. After fine processing, the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is directly adhered to the surface of the upper cover plate 1 to form a low friction coefficient area to ensure the smooth sliding of the slider 5 in this area.

[0052] In contrast, the low friction coefficient material zone 2 3 is made of a stainless steel plate, which is welded inside the upper cover plate 1 and ensured to be on the same level as the polytetrafluoroethylene plate to form a high friction coefficient area; stainless steel is chosen for its hardness and wear resistance, and can provide additional friction when needed to regulate the dynamic behavior of the slider 5.

[0053] If earthquake vibration or shock wave acts on the building structure in any direction and the earthquake effect is small, the lower structure of the seismic isolation layer of the building structure will begin to shake slightly. The lower connecting plate 8 of the variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing is connected to the lower structure and will shake synchronously. The slider 5 moves in the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 of the variable friction coefficient friction layer of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8. Due to the small friction coefficient, a better seismic isolation and shock absorption effect is achieved. If the earthquake reaches the fortification intensity, the bearing body will undergo a large displacement due to the strong earthquake. The lower connecting plate 8 of the variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing is connected to the lower structure and will shake synchronously. The slider 5 moves in the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 and area 2 of the variable friction coefficient friction layer of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8. The low friction coefficient material layer 7 on the upper and lower surfaces of the slider 5 and the low friction coefficient material of the variable friction coefficient friction layer form four groups of friction pairs. Since the coefficient of the low friction coefficient material 2 area 3 is relatively large, the slider 5 can dissipate a large amount of energy through sliding while acting, and produce a relatively small displacement. The upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8 are provided with a limiting layer 6 on the outside. When the slider 5 reaches the limit displacement, the displacement of the bearing body is limited by the raised limiting layer 6 to prevent the slider 5 from separating from the bearing.

[0054] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The operating method of the variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Installation preparation: Connect the upper cover plate 1 to the upper structure through the upper connection hole 4, and use bolts and sleeves to cooperate with anchor bars to stabilize the upper structure; tightly connect the lower connection plate 8 to the pre-buried positioning connection plate of the lower structure through the bolt holes;

[0056] Step 2: Adjust the position of the slider 5: During the installation process, ensure that the slider 5 is in an initial static state and is located in the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2 between the upper cover plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 8;

[0057] Step 3: Small vibration response: If the ground vibration or vibration wave acts on the building structure in any direction, when the ground vibration is small, the slider 5 only slides in the low friction coefficient material 1 area 2, and the low friction pair is used to slow down the vibration transmission to achieve the foundation isolation effect;

[0058] Step 4: Large vibration response: When the local vibration exceeds the set threshold, the slider 5 enters the low friction coefficient material 2 area 3, increases the friction resistance, consumes the seismic energy through the high friction pair, reduces the structural displacement, and enhances the seismic isolation performance;

[0059] Step 5: Displacement limitation: When the slider 5 approaches the limit of its travel, the limiting layer 6 intervenes to prevent sliding beyond the predetermined range, ensuring that the support and the structure are not separated;

[0060] Step 6. Maintenance inspection: Regularly inspect the slider 5, the variable friction coefficient layer and the connecting parts to ensure the normal operation of all parts, replace the worn parts in time, and keep the seismic isolation system in good condition.

[0061] When installing the slider 5, it is necessary to ensure that the low friction coefficient material layer 7 in the slot is accurate to ensure smooth sliding and effective function of the low friction coefficient material.

[0062] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing, characterized in that: include An upper cover plate and a lower connecting plate, wherein the top is provided with an upper connecting hole for connecting with the upper structure thereof; the lower connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole for connecting with the lower structure thereof; and a variable friction coefficient layer is provided on opposite sides of the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, wherein the variable friction coefficient layer includes two regions with obvious differences in friction coefficients, namely, a low friction coefficient material region 1 and a low friction coefficient material region 2 surrounding the low friction coefficient material region 1, and the friction coefficient of the low friction coefficient material region 1 is less than the friction coefficient of the low friction coefficient material region 2; A slider, which is located between the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the slider are both provided with a low friction coefficient material layer, wherein the low friction coefficient material layer respectively forms a friction pair with the low friction coefficient material area 1 and the low friction coefficient material area 2 in the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate, and the friction coefficient of the friction pair formed by the low friction coefficient material area 1 and the low friction material layer is smaller than that of the friction pair formed by the low friction coefficient material area 2 and the low friction material layer; and The limiting layer is located at the outermost sides of the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate and is used to limit the maximum displacement of the slider to prevent it from falling out.

2. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the sliding block are provided with clamping grooves, and the low friction coefficient material layer is fixed in the clamping grooves.

3. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The limiting layer, the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate are an integrated structure, and the thickness of the limiting layer is greater than that of the variable friction coefficient layer.

4. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable friction coefficient layers provided on the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate are both set in a circular shape.

5. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting layer is arranged in a ring shape.

6. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate is provided with connecting bolt holes, and connecting anchor bars are installed through bolts and sleeves. The connecting anchor bars are connected to the upper structure and are poured with concrete.

7. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low friction coefficient material zone 1 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene plate and is pasted on the surface of the upper cover plate.

8. The variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low friction coefficient material zone 2 is made of a stainless steel plate, which is welded inside the upper cover plate and is located at the same level as the polytetrafluoroethylene plate.

9. The method for operating a variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Installation preparation: Connect the upper cover plate to the upper structure through the upper connection hole, and use bolts and sleeves to cooperate with anchor bars to stabilize the upper structure; tightly connect the lower connection plate to the pre-buried positioning connection plate of the lower structure through the bolt holes; Step 2: Adjust the position of the slider: During the installation process, ensure that the slider is in the initial static state and is located in the low friction coefficient material area 1 between the upper cover plate and the lower connecting plate; Step 3: Small vibration response: When the local vibration is small, the slider only slides in the low friction coefficient material area 1, using the low friction pair to slow down the vibration transmission and achieve the foundation isolation effect; Step 4: Large vibration response: When the local vibration exceeds the set threshold, the slider enters the low friction coefficient material zone 2, increases the friction resistance, consumes the seismic energy through the high friction pair, reduces the structural displacement, and enhances the seismic isolation performance; Step 5: Displacement limitation: When the slider approaches the limit of its travel, the limiting layer intervenes to prevent sliding beyond the predetermined range and ensure that the support and the structure are not separated; Step 6. Maintenance inspection: Regularly inspect the slider, variable friction coefficient layer and connecting parts to ensure the normal operation of each part, replace worn parts in time, and keep the seismic isolation system in good condition.

10. The method for operating the variable friction coefficient sliding limit isolation bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: When installing the slider, make sure that the low-friction material layer in the slot is accurate to ensure smooth sliding and effective function of the low-friction material.

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