Human manure composting method

Abstract

The invention provides a human manure composting method, and belongs to the technical field of aerobic composting. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the crushed agricultural wastes are used as auxiliary materials for composting the human manure, so that the humification degree of the compost can be improved, the composting temperature can be increased, the high-temperature time can be prolonged, the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose can be promoted, the structure and composition of a microbial community can be changed, the positive interaction of microorganisms can be promoted, and the composting efficiency and the composting quality can be improved. The crushed agricultural wastes and the human manure are mixed according to a C / N ratio of 20, so that the growth and metabolic activity of microorganisms can be ensured, and the compost decomposition speed is further ensured. In addition, the moisture content of the mixture is adjusted to be 50%-70%, so that microbial activity is facilitated, organic matter decomposition is accelerated, and the composting efficiency and effect are improved. According to the method, through reasonable arrangement, resource utilization of agricultural waste is achieved while high-efficiency composting is achieved, and the method has the advantages of being easy to operate, wide in raw material source and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aerobic composting, and in particular to a method for composting human feces. Background Art

[0002] Untreated human feces can pollute the environment. Using appropriate technologies to treat and utilize human feces can protect the environment and benefit human health. Composting, as an ecological and economical method of organic waste treatment, can convert human feces into fertilizer or organic amendments. However, the composting time of human feces is long and the composting efficiency needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for composting human feces, and the method of the present application has high composting efficiency.

[0004] The present application provides a method for composting human feces, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0005] Agricultural waste fragments with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm and human feces are mixed at a C / N ratio of 20 to obtain a mixture; a mixed solution of EM bacterial agent and water is used to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 50% to 70% to obtain a pile; the pile is piled and aerobic composting is performed; during the aerobic composting process, the pile is turned regularly until the temperature of the pile drops to 20 to 30° C. 4 to 5 days later, the turning of the pile is stopped, and aerobic composting is completed; the aerobic composting time is ≤32 days.

[0006] Preferably, the agricultural waste includes one or more of straw, rice husk and wood chips.

[0007] Preferably, the moisture content of the straw is less than 5%; the C / N of the straw is 60-80; the moisture content of the human feces is 75%-85%; and the C / N of the human feces is 8-12.

[0008] Preferably, the wet weight ratio of the agricultural waste fragments to human feces is 2:5.

[0009] Preferably, the added amount of the EM bacterial agent is 1 / 10000 of the dry weight of the mixture; the concentration of the effective live bacteria in the EM bacterial agent is ≥10 billion / g.

[0010] Preferably, piling the pile of materials includes placing the pile of materials into a box or piling them into a cone shape.

[0011] Preferably, the stages of aerobic composting include: a heating stage, a continuous high temperature stage and a cooling stage in sequence; the heating stage lasts for 1 to 3 days; the temperature of the continuous high temperature stage is higher than 50°C; the continuous high temperature stage lasts for more than 3 days; and the cooling stage lasts for 6 to 8 days.

[0012] The present invention also provides the use of the aerobic compost product obtained by the method described in the above scheme in the preparation of soil conditioner, matrix nutrient soil, fertilizer or seed soaking agent.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a seed soaking agent, comprising the following steps:

[0014] The method of the above scheme is adopted to obtain an aerobic composting product; the aerobic composting product is mixed with water and extracted to obtain an extraction product; the extraction product is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the liquid component is collected to obtain a seed soaking agent.

[0015] The present invention also provides the use of the aerobic compost product obtained by the method described in the above scheme or the seed soaking agent prepared by the preparation method in promoting the germination of plant seeds.

[0016] The present application provides a method for composting human feces, comprising the following steps: mixing agricultural waste fragments with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm and human feces at a C / N ratio of 20 to obtain a mixture; adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 50% to 70% by using a mixed solution of EM bacterial agent and water to obtain a pile; aerobic composting the pile after piling; during the aerobic composting process, turning the pile regularly until the temperature of the pile drops to 20 to 30°C 4 to 5 days later, stopping turning the pile to complete aerobic composting; the aerobic composting time is ≤32 days. The present application uses agricultural waste fragments with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm as auxiliary materials for human feces composting, which can improve the degree of compost humification, increase the composting temperature, prolong the high temperature time, promote the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, change the structure and composition of microbial communities, promote the positive interaction of microorganisms, improve composting efficiency and composting quality, and also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases from composting. The present application mixes agricultural waste fragments and human feces at a C / N ratio of 20, which can ensure the effective utilization of nitrogen, the growth and metabolic activity of microorganisms, and thus the speed of composting decomposition. In addition, the present application adjusts the moisture content of the mixture to 50% to 70%, which is conducive to microbial activity, accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, and improves the efficiency and effect of composting. It can be seen that the human feces composting method of the present application is reasonably set up, and while achieving high-efficiency composting, it also realizes the resource utilization of agricultural waste, and has the advantages of simple operation, wide range of raw materials and low cost. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application provides a method for composting human feces, comprising the following steps: mixing agricultural waste fragments with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm and human feces at a C / N ratio of 20 to obtain a mixture; adjusting the moisture content of the mixture to 50% to 70% by using a mixed solution of EM bacterial agent and water to obtain a pile; aerobic composting is performed on the pile after piling; during the aerobic composting process, the pile is turned regularly until the temperature of the pile drops to 20 to 30° C. 4 to 5 days later, the turning of the pile is stopped, and aerobic composting is completed; the aerobic composting time is ≤32 days.

[0018] Due to the wide distribution range and strong dispersion of rural manure and sewage, the composting method of this application has more flexible requirements on composting sites and conditions.

[0019] The present application firstly mixes agricultural waste fragments with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm and human feces at a C / N ratio of 20 to obtain a mixture.

[0020] In the present application, the agricultural waste includes one or more of straw, rice husk and sawdust. In the specific implementation process of the present application, the agricultural waste is straw or sawdust; the straw is corn straw or wheat straw. In the present application, the moisture content of the straw is preferably <5%; the C / N of the straw is preferably 60-80. In the present application, the agricultural waste crushed material is preferably obtained by crushing the agricultural waste into crushed particles. The method of the present application can be adjusted according to the types and characteristics of local agricultural waste, and has strong adaptability. At the same time, the raw materials selected in the present application are all agricultural waste, which is low in cost and easy to promote in rural areas. The present application uses agricultural waste as an auxiliary material for human feces composting, which can eventually be converted into soil conditioners, matrix nutrient soil, organic fertilizers and seed soaking agents, etc., while realizing the effective treatment of rural pollutants by resource utilization of agricultural waste and human feces.

[0021] In the present application, the water content of the human feces is preferably 75% to 85%, and in the specific implementation of the present application, the water content of the human feces is 80%; the C / N of the human feces is preferably 8 to 12, and in the specific implementation of the present application, the C / N of the human feces is 10; before the human feces are mixed with agricultural waste, the human feces are also treated to remove debris; the debris includes toilet paper and cigarette butts.

[0022] In the specific implementation of this application, the wet weight ratio of the agricultural waste fragments and human feces is 2:5.

[0023] After obtaining the mixed material, the present application uses a mixed solution of EM bacterial agent and water to adjust the moisture content of the mixed material to 50% to 70% to obtain a pile.

[0024] In the specific implementation process of this application, the moisture content of the mixture is 60%.

[0025] In the present application, EM bacterial agent is also called effective microbial agent, which is a mixed bacterial agent containing a variety of effective ingredients such as various Bacillus, actinomycetes, yeasts, vitamins, proteins, biological enzymes, soil loosening agents, synergists, amino acids and trace elements. In the specific implementation of the present application, the addition amount of the EM bacterial agent accounts for 1 / 10000 of the dry weight of the mixture; the concentration of the effective live bacteria in the EM bacterial agent is ≥10 billion / g. In the specific implementation of the present application, the EM bacterial agent is the Dade Biological Fermentation Agent, a product of Hebi Dade Biological Company, and the content of beneficial bacteria is ≥10 billion / g. In the specific implementation of the present application, the addition of water in the mixed solution is based on the guarantee that the EM bacterial agent can be dissolved in water and can be evenly applied.

[0026] After inoculating the EM bacterial agent, the present application preferably further comprises mixing the materials inoculated with the EM bacterial agent evenly.

[0027] After obtaining the pile, the present application performs aerobic composting on the pile after piling. During the aerobic composting process, the pile is turned regularly until the temperature of the pile drops to 20-30° C. 4-5 days later, the turning of the pile is stopped to complete the aerobic composting. The aerobic composting time is ≤32 days.

[0028] In the specific implementation process of the present application, piling the pile includes placing the pile into a box or piling it into a cone. In the present application, the material of the box is preferably foam; the specifications of the box are 800*400*475mm (length*width*height), corresponding to a pile volume of 0.1m 3 about.

[0029] In the specific implementation process of the present application, the aerobic condition is achieved by regularly turning the compost; the frequency of regularly turning the compost includes turning the compost once every two days.

[0030] In the present application, the stages of aerobic composting preferably include: a heating stage, a continuous high temperature stage and a cooling stage in sequence; the heating stage is preferably 1 to 3 days, and in the specific implementation of the present application, the heating stage is preferably 1, 2 or 3 days; the temperature of the continuous high temperature stage is preferably higher than 50°C; the continuous high temperature stage is preferably greater than 3 days, and in the specific implementation of the present application, the continuous high temperature stage is 6 days; the cooling stage is preferably 6 to 8 days, and in the specific implementation of the present application, the cooling stage is 7 days.

[0031] In the specific implementation of this application, the aerobic composting time is 14 days, 20 days, 22 days, and 32 days.

[0032] The present application also provides the use of the aerobic compost product obtained by the method described in the above scheme in the preparation of soil conditioners, matrix nutrient soil, fertilizers or seed soaking agents.

[0033] The present application also provides a method for preparing a seed soaking agent, comprising the following steps: obtaining an aerobic composting product by the method described in the above scheme; mixing the aerobic composting product with water, performing leaching, and obtaining an leaching product; performing solid-liquid separation on the leaching product, collecting the liquid component, and obtaining a seed soaking agent.

[0034] The present application first adopts the method described in the above scheme to obtain the product of aerobic composting.

[0035] After obtaining the aerobic composting product, the present application mixes the aerobic composting product with water for leaching to obtain an leached product.

[0036] In the specific implementation process of the present application, the water is deionized water; the ratio of the aerobic composting product to water is 1:10 (W / V); the leaching is shaker shaking leaching; and the leaching time is 2 hours.

[0037] After obtaining the leaching product, the present application performs solid-liquid separation on the leaching product, collects the liquid component, and obtains the seed soaking agent.

[0038] In the present application, the solid-liquid separation includes filtration; and the liquid component includes the filtrate.

[0039] The present application also provides the use of the aerobic compost product obtained by the method described in the above scheme or the seed soaking agent prepared by the preparation method in promoting plant seed germination.

[0040] In the present application, the plant includes wheat.

[0041] In the present application, the application includes the following steps: mixing a seed soaking agent and wheat for soaking the seeds; the volume of the seed soaking agent and the number of wheat are 1 mL: 4 grains.

[0042] In the present application, the promoting plant seed germination includes promoting plant seed rooting.

[0043] In order to further illustrate the present application, a method for composting human feces provided by the present application is described in detail below in combination with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] The EM bacterial agent used in this embodiment is the Dade biological fermentation agent produced by Hebi Dade Biological Company, and the beneficial bacteria content is ≥10 billion / g; the addition amount of the EM bacterial agent accounts for 1 / 10000 of the dry weight of the mixture.

[0045] Embodiment 1 A method for composting human feces using corn stalks as auxiliary materials, the specific steps are as follows:

[0046] The air-dried corn stalks were crushed to 2-5 cm. After removing the toilet paper, cigarette butts and other debris from human feces, they were thoroughly mixed with corn stalks at a wet weight ratio of 5:2 to obtain a mixture; the EM bacteria agent was mixed into the water, and the water mixed with the EM bacteria agent was used to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. After being loaded into the foam box, the pile was turned over every two days, and the turning of the pile was stopped 4-5 days after the temperature of the pile returned to the ambient temperature to complete the aerobic composting. The basic physical and chemical changes of the materials during the composting process are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 Basic physical and chemical changes of materials during the composting process of Example 1

[0048]

[0049] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that in the aerobic composting process of this embodiment, the composting temperature can reach above 50°C on the first day of implementation, the high temperature period is maintained for about 6 days, and then the temperature gradually drops to room temperature, and the entire composting process is maintained for about 20 days. TN changes from the initial 1.98% to 4.06% at the end after 20 days of fermentation.

[0050] Embodiment 2 A method for composting human feces using wheat straw as auxiliary material, the specific steps are as follows:

[0051] Crush the air-dried wheat straw to 2-5 cm. Remove toilet paper, cigarette butts and other debris from human feces and mix them with wheat straw at a wet weight ratio of 5:2. Mix the EM bacterial agent into the water and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to about 60% with the water mixed with the bacterial agent. After loading into the foam box, turn the pile every two days and stop turning the pile after the temperature of the pile returns to the ambient temperature for 4-5 days. See Table 2 for the basic physical and chemical changes of the materials during the composting process.

[0052] Table 2 Basic physical and chemical changes of materials during the composting process of Example 2

[0053]

[0054] From the data in Table 2, it can be seen that in the aerobic composting process of this embodiment, the composting temperature of the treatment group can reach above 50°C on the first day, and the high temperature period is maintained for about 6 days, and then the temperature gradually drops to room temperature. The entire composting process lasts for about 22 days. TN changes from the initial 1.93% to 3.24% at the end after 22 days of fermentation.

[0055] Embodiment 3 A method for composting human feces using sawdust as auxiliary material, the specific steps are as follows:

[0056] Air dry the sawdust. Remove toilet paper, cigarette butts and other debris from human feces and mix them with sawdust with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm in a wet weight ratio of 5:2. Mix the EM bacterial agent into the water and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to about 60% with the water mixed with the bacterial agent. After loading into the foam box, turn the pile every two days and stop turning the pile after the temperature of the pile returns to the ambient temperature for 4 to 5 days. See Table 3 for the basic physical and chemical changes of the materials during the composting process.

[0057] Table 3 Basic physical and chemical changes of materials during the composting process of Example 3

[0058]

[0059] From the data in Table 3, it can be seen that in the aerobic composting process of this embodiment, the composting temperature of the treatment group can reach above 50°C on the first day, the high temperature period is maintained for about 15 days, and then the temperature gradually drops to room temperature, and the entire composting process lasts for about 32 days. The TN change increases from the initial 2.06% to 2.83% at the end after 32 days of fermentation.

[0060] Test Example 1 Verification of the effect of the compost obtained from Examples 1 to 3 on the germination index of wheat seeds

[0061] Germination index (GI, %) = (sample germination rate × average root length) / (control germination rate × average root length) × 100%.

[0062] The fresh compost samples prepared in Examples 1 to 3 were mixed with deionized water in a ratio of 1:10 (W / V), placed on a horizontal shaker for 2 hours, and then filtered to obtain an extract. 20 high-quality wheat seeds were placed in a culture dish with filter paper, 5 mL of filtrate was injected into the culture dish, and deionized water was used as a blank control. Each sample was tested three times. After the sample was placed in a 25°C biochemical incubator for 96 hours, the seed germination rate was calculated and the root length was measured. The germination index of the seed was calculated according to the following formula: Germination index (GI, %) = (sample germination rate × average root length) / (control germination rate × average root length) × 100%.

[0063] Blank control group (deionized water): seed germination rate 100%, average root length 5.8 cm.

[0064] Corn straw group (fresh compost sample prepared in Example 1): seed germination rate was 100%, average root length was 6.5 cm, and seed germination index reached 112.1%.

[0065] Wheat straw group (fresh compost sample prepared in Example 2): seed germination rate was 100%, average root length was 6.1 cm, and seed germination index reached 105.1%.

[0066] Sawdust group (fresh compost sample prepared in Example 3): seed germination rate was 100%, average root length was 5.6 cm, and seed germination index reached 96.6%.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] The air-dried corn stalks were crushed to 1-1.5 cm. After removing the toilet paper, cigarette butts and other debris from human feces, they were thoroughly mixed with corn stalks at a wet weight ratio of 5:2 to obtain a mixture; the EM bacteria agent was mixed into the water, and the water mixed with the EM bacteria agent was used to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. After being loaded into the foam box, the pile was turned over every two days, and the turning of the pile was stopped 4-5 days after the temperature of the pile returned to the ambient temperature, and aerobic composting was completed. The basic physical and chemical changes of the materials during the composting process are shown in Table 4.

[0069] Table 4 Basic physical and chemical changes of materials in the composting process of Comparative Example 1

[0070]

[0071] From the data in Table 4, it can be seen that in the aerobic composting process, the high temperature period of the comparative example was maintained for about 4 days, and then the temperature gradually dropped to room temperature, and the entire composting process was maintained for about 25 days. TN changed from the initial 1.59% to 3.07% at the end after 25 days of fermentation. The overall effect was worse than that of the embodiment with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm for agricultural waste.

[0072] Comparative Example 2

[0073] The air-dried corn stalks were crushed to 2-5 cm. After removing the toilet paper, cigarette butts and other debris from human feces, they were thoroughly mixed with corn stalks at a wet weight ratio of 5:5 to obtain a mixture; the EM bacteria agent was mixed into the water, and the water mixed with the EM bacteria agent was used to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%. After being loaded into the foam box, the pile was turned over every two days, and the turning of the pile was stopped 4-5 days after the temperature of the pile returned to the ambient temperature to complete aerobic composting. The basic physical and chemical changes of the materials during the composting process are shown in Table 5.

[0074] Table 5 Basic physical and chemical changes of materials in the composting process of Comparative Example 2

[0075]

[0076] From the data in Table 5, it can be seen that in the aerobic composting process, the composting temperature of this comparative example was greater than 50°C for only one day, and the feces could not be harmlessly treated. Moreover, the C / N at the end of composting was still as high as 33.2, the TN content was low, and the seed germination rate did not meet the standard. The overall effect was worse than that of the embodiment in which the initial C / N of the mixture was 20.

[0077] Comparative Example 3

[0078] The air-dried corn stalks were crushed to 2-5 cm. After removing the toilet paper, cigarette butts and other debris from human feces, they were thoroughly mixed with corn stalks at a wet weight ratio of 5:5 to obtain a mixture; the EM bacteria agent was mixed into the water, and the water mixed with the EM bacteria agent was used to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 40%. After being loaded into the foam box, the pile was turned over every two days. After the temperature of the pile body returned to the ambient temperature for 4-5 days, the turning of the pile was stopped to complete the aerobic composting. The basic physical and chemical changes of the materials during the composting process are shown in Table 6.

[0079] Table 6 Basic physical and chemical changes of materials in the composting process of comparative example 3

[0080]

[0081] From the data in Table 6, it can be seen that in the aerobic composting process, the compost temperature of this comparative example was greater than 50°C for only 2 days, and the feces could not be harmlessly treated, indicating that inappropriate compost moisture content would affect the feces harmless treatment effect. The overall effect is worse than that of the embodiment in which the initial moisture content of the mixture is 60%.

[0082] Although the above-mentioned embodiment provides a detailed description of the present application, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for composting human feces, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The agricultural waste fragments with a particle size of 2 to 5 cm and human feces are mixed at a C / N ratio of 20 to obtain a mixed material; The mixed material is adjusted to have a moisture content of 50% to 70% by using a mixed solution of EM bacterial agent and water to obtain a pile; aerobic composting after piling the pile; During the aerobic composting process, the compost is turned regularly until the temperature of the compost drops to 20-30° C. 4-5 days later, the turning of the compost is stopped, and the aerobic composting is completed; The aerobic composting time is ≤32 days.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The agricultural waste includes one or more of straw, rice husk and wood chips.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The moisture content of the straw is less than 5%; the C / N of the straw is 60-80; the moisture content of the human feces is 75%-85%; the C / N of the human feces is 8-12.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The wet weight ratio of the agricultural waste fragments to human feces is 2:

5.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The added amount of the EM bacterial agent accounts for 1 / 10000 of the dry weight of the mixture; the concentration of the effective live bacteria in the EM bacterial agent is ≥10 billion / g.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Piling the pile of materials includes placing the pile of materials into a box or piling them into a cone shape.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The aerobic composting stages include: a heating stage, a continuous high temperature stage and a cooling stage; the heating stage lasts for 1 to 3 days; the temperature of the continuous high temperature stage is higher than 50°C; the continuous high temperature stage lasts for more than 3 days; the cooling stage lasts for 6 to 8 days.

8. Use of the aerobic compost product obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in the preparation of soil conditioners, matrix nutrient soil, fertilizers or seed soaking agents.

9. A method for preparing a seed soaking agent, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The product of aerobic composting is obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; Mixing the aerobic composting product with water and performing leaching to obtain an leached product; The extraction product is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the liquid component is collected to obtain a seed soaking agent.

10. Use of the aerobic compost product obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the seed soaking agent prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9 in promoting plant seed germination.

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