Light brass material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of design and preparation of copper alloy materials, particularly relates to a light brass material and a preparation method thereof, and designs and prepares brass of a new alloy system, namely the light brass material. The density of the light brass material ranges from 7.01 g / cm < 3 > to 7.73 g / cm < 3 >, and compared with existing copper-zinc alloy brass, the density is reduced by 19.5%, the mass of the same volume is reduced by about 1 / 5, and light weight of the brass material is achieved. The light brass material can be provided for the aerospace field, the specific gravity of the brass component is effectively reduced, and the light weight of the brass component is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy material design and preparation, in particular to a light brass material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Brass is not only unique in its yellow color, but also has excellent thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. It is a commonly used metal structural material for valve bodies, pipes, radiators, shells and sleeve components. Brass has a unique color and is also a commonly used metal material for jewelry. Brass is also called copper-zinc alloy. Its main components are copper and zinc. Brass with a zinc content of less than 35% is composed of a single-phase α solid solution, called α brass; brass with a zinc content between 36% and 46% is composed of two phases (α+β), called (α+β) brass, i.e., two-phase brass; brass with a zinc content between 46% and 50% is composed of a β phase, called β brass. In order to improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and cutting properties of brass, the prior art adds a small amount of alloying elements such as tin, aluminum, manganese, iron, silicon, nickel or lead to the copper-zinc alloy to obtain tin brass, aluminum brass, manganese brass, iron brass, silicon brass, nickel brass or lead brass.

[0003] With the vigorous development of aviation, aerospace, weapons and new energy vehicles, lightweight technology has important application value and research significance. Lightweight materials are the key technology and effective method to achieve lightweight. Brass, as a commonly used structural material, is an important material in the fields of aviation, aerospace, weapons and new energy vehicle equipment. Therefore, the research on lightweight brass materials has important engineering application value. The main alloying elements of brass are copper and zinc. The density of copper is 8.96g / cm 3 , the density of zinc is 7.14g / cm 3 As the zinc content increases, the density of brass decreases. The zinc content of commonly used brass is about 15%-33%, and the corresponding density is about 8.62g / cm 3 -8.27g / cm 3 , the current copper-zinc alloy has not yet achieved lightweight. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight brass material and a preparation method thereof. The main chemical components of the lightweight brass material of the present invention are Cu and Al, Cu is the main element, Al is the alloy element, and a trace amount of Ti and B alloy elements are added to obtain the lightweight brass material. Compared with the existing copper-zinc alloy brass, the density is reduced by 19.5%, so that the mass of the same volume is reduced by about 1 / 5, and the lightweight of the brass material is achieved.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A light brass material is made of Cu, Al, Ti and B, wherein the percentage content of Al is 20%-30%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%.

[0007] Preferably, the density of the lightweight brass material is 7.01 g / cm 3 -7.73g / cm 3 .

[0008] Preferably, the light brass material has a yellow metallic luster.

[0009] Preferably, the percentage content of Al is 20%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%.

[0010] Preferably, the percentage content of Al is 30%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%.

[0011] The present invention also protects a method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight brass material, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Weigh Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si powders according to their percentage contents.

[0013] The Cu, Ti, B and Si powders are mixed and put into a graphite crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace for melting, and then cast to obtain a Cu alloy billet with trace amounts of Ti and B alloy elements added thereto.

[0014] The Cu alloy billet is mixed with Al powder and then placed in a graphite crucible of a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace for smelting. After smelting, the billet is cast to obtain a lightweight brass material.

[0015] Preferably, the purity of Cu, Al, Ti and B powders is not less than 99.9 wt %.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a light brass material, which is made of Cu, Al, Ti and B, wherein the percentage content of Al is 20%-30%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage content of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%. In the light brass material, Cu is the main element, Al is an alloy element, and the density of aluminum is 2.7g / cm 3By adding a high amount of aluminum to copper to form a lightweight brass material, the density of brass can be effectively reduced. Experiments have found that controlling the amount of aluminum in copper can not only form a yellow copper-aluminum alloy, but also can be used as a new alloy system of brass materials, effectively achieving the lightweight of brass materials.

[0018] 2. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a lightweight brass material, which comprises first mixing Cu, Ti and B powders, and then smelting and casting to obtain a Cu alloy billet with trace amounts of Ti and B alloy elements added thereto; then mixing the Cu alloy billet with Al powder, and smelting and casting to obtain a lightweight brass material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The CuAl of Example 1 of the present invention 30 Physical picture of TiB lightweight brass material.

[0020] Figure 2 The CuAl of Example 1 of the present invention 30 Microstructure images of TiB lightweight brass material at different magnifications.

[0021] Figure 3 The CuAl of Example 1 of the present invention 30 XRD pattern of TiB lightweight brass material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0024] Compared with the aluminum brass of the prior art, the lightweight brass material of the present invention is fundamentally different in that: in the prior art, the amount of Al added is relatively small, and the purpose is to improve the properties of brass, such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and machinability; while in the present invention, a high amount of Al is added, and the percentage content of aluminum is 20%-30%, and the density of brass is reduced by adding a high amount of aluminum.

[0025] In addition, compared with the brass of the copper-zinc alloy system in the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) Existing brasses are all copper-zinc alloys. The lightweight brass material of the present invention is a copper-aluminum alloy with an aluminum content of 20%-30%, and its chemical composition is different from that of the existing copper-zinc alloy.

[0027] (2) The density of brass in the existing copper-zinc alloy system is 8.27 g / cm 3 -8.7g / cm 3 The copper-aluminum alloy brass density of the present invention is 7.01 g / cm 3 -7.73g / cm 3 The density is reduced by 19.5%, and the mass of the same volume is reduced by nearly 1 / 5, achieving the lightweight of brass. Compared with the existing copper-zinc alloy brass, the brass of the present invention has a significantly reduced density.

[0028] (3) The present invention can provide lightweight brass materials for the fields of aviation, aerospace, weapons and new energy vehicles, effectively reduce the specific gravity of brass parts, and achieve lightweight brass parts.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, as shown below:

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A method for preparing a lightweight brass material comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1. Composition design and ingredients of lightweight brass materials: The main chemical components of lightweight brass materials are Cu and Al, Cu is the main element, Al is the alloy element, and the percentage content of Al is 30%; it also includes trace amounts of alloy elements Ti and B, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the balance is Cu. The purity of the raw materials used is not less than 99.9%.

[0033] S2. Preparation of Cu alloy billet: The main element Cu and trace alloying elements Ti and B prepared in step S1 are smelted, a vacuum arc furnace is used as the smelting equipment, a graphite crucible is used as the smelting crucible, the smelted melt is cast, a casting mold is a steel mold, and a Cu alloy billet with trace alloying elements Ti and B is prepared.

[0034] S3, preparation of light brass material: the Cu alloy blank of step S2 is placed together with Al in a melting crucible, the crucible is a graphite crucible, and a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace is used for melting, the melted melt is cast, the casting mold is a steel mold, and a copper-aluminum alloy brass is prepared, and the ingot is naturally cooled and removed from the mold to complete 200g of CuAl 30 Preparation of TiB lightweight brass materials.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A method for preparing a lightweight brass material comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Composition design and ingredients of lightweight brass materials: The main chemical components of lightweight brass materials are Cu and Al, Cu is the main element, Al is the alloy element, and the percentage content of Al is 20%; it also includes trace amounts of alloy elements Ti and B, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the balance is Cu. The purity of the raw materials used is not less than 99.9%.

[0038] S2. Preparation of Cu alloy billet: The main element Cu and trace alloying elements Ti and B prepared in step S1 are smelted, a vacuum arc furnace is used as the smelting equipment, a graphite crucible is used as the smelting crucible, the smelted melt is cast, a casting mold is a steel mold, and a Cu alloy billet with trace alloying elements Ti and B is prepared.

[0039] S3, preparation of light brass material: the Cu alloy blank of step S2 is placed together with Al in a melting crucible, the crucible is a graphite crucible, and a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace is used for melting, the melted melt is cast, the casting mold is a steel mold, and a copper-aluminum alloy brass is prepared, and the ingot is naturally cooled and removed from the mold to complete 200g of CuAl 20 Preparation of TiB lightweight brass materials.

[0040] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and variations. The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and their protection scope is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A lightweight brass material, characterized in that: The lightweight brass material is made of Cu, Al, Ti and B, wherein the percentage content of Al is 20%-30%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%.

2. The lightweight brass material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the lightweight brass material is 7.01g / cm 3 -7.73g / cm 3 .

3. The lightweight brass material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight brass material has a yellow metallic luster.

4. The lightweight brass material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The percentage content of Al is 20%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%.

5. The lightweight brass material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The percentage content of Al is 30%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti and B is 100%.

6. A method for preparing the lightweight brass material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weigh Cu, Al, Ti and B powders according to their percentage contents; The Cu, Ti and B powders are mixed and then smelted, and then cast to obtain a Cu alloy billet with trace amounts of Ti and B alloy elements added; The Cu alloy billet is mixed with Al powder, smelted and then cast to obtain a lightweight brass material.

7. The method for preparing a lightweight brass material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The purity of Cu, Al, Ti and B powders is not less than 99.9wt%.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Cu, Ti and B powders are mixed and placed in a graphite crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace for melting.

9. The method for preparing a lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Cu alloy billet is mixed with the Al powder and placed in a graphite crucible of a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace for smelting.

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