Movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly discloses a movable permeable hydrodynamic enhanced ecological weir which comprises a cuboid or cube main body frame, the main body frame comprises a front water baffle, a rear water baffle, side water baffles and an upper water baffle, and the side water baffles and the upper water baffle are located on the two sides of the main body frame; a front flow guide system is arranged in the main body frame and close to one side of the front water baffle in parallel; a rear flow guide system is arranged in the main body frame and close to one side of the rear water baffle in parallel; the main body frame is filled with a filter material; the two ends of the front flow guide system and the two ends of the rear flow guide system are installed on the side water baffles on the two sides of the main body frame respectively. The ecological weir provided by the invention is good in water treatment and purification effect, capable of meeting different water channel conditions and environment requirements, flexible to use, relatively simple in structure, economical and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economy and society, water quality and other ecological environments have received increasing attention. A variety of water treatment methods have been developed and applied, such as physical treatment represented by sedimentation and filtration, chemical treatment represented by flocculation and disinfection, biological treatment represented by activated sludge method and wetland treatment, membrane treatment represented by nanofiltration and ultrafiltration, advanced oxidation treatment represented by photocatalysis and ozone catalysis, and ecological engineering water treatment technology represented by ecological weir. Among them, ecological weir is a facility that uses natural ecological principles to treat water. It is mainly used to improve water quality, protect the ecological environment and restore water body functions. Its functions are mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Water purification: Ecological weir can effectively remove nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) and organic pollutants in water through the action of plant roots and microorganisms, and reduce the eutrophication of water bodies; (2) Ecological restoration: Ecological weir can provide habitats for aquatic organisms, promote biodiversity, and restore the ecological balance of water bodies. By planting aquatic plants, a good ecological environment is formed to attract fish and other aquatic organisms; (3) Flood regulation: Ecological weirs can regulate water flow, slow down the impact of floods, reduce water level fluctuations, and protect the surrounding ecological environment and human activity areas; (4) Sedimentation and filtration: The design of ecological weirs usually includes sedimentation tanks and filtration layers, which can effectively remove suspended matter and sediment in the water and improve the transparency of the water body; (5) Landscape beautification: Ecological weirs not only have water treatment functions, but also beautify the environment, enhance the landscape value of the region, and become part of urban green space and ecological parks. Since ecological weirs are a kind of natural water treatment method, they have the advantages of being eco-friendly, sustainable, multifunctional and adaptable, and have been widely studied and applied in practice.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, patent document CN210797447U provides an artificial river ecological weir, in which ecological plants are planted on a protective layer. As the ecological plants grow, the roots of the ecological plants extend into the planting soil, and the protective layer is arranged on the planting soil, which is beneficial to prevent the water flow overflowing the weir body from eroding the planting soil and reducing the impact of water flow erosion on the growth environment of the ecological plants. However, it is constructed based on a river and is not flexible enough to use; patent document CN109729967B provides an ecological weir, which utilizes a structure formed by a load-bearing grid, a water retaining grid and a fixed frame and a stack structure formed by stacking vegetation bags to overcome the disadvantage of frost heave and cold contraction damaging the ecological weir body; water and sand permeability can reduce the damage of water flow to the ecological weir body, while preventing siltation and extending the life of the ecological weir body; similarly, it still has the disadvantage of being not flexible enough to use, and is mainly designed for special areas with cold winters such as the Northeast. It can be seen that the ecological weirs in the existing technology can play a certain role in river restoration, but their water purification function is limited, and most of them are built based on rivers, which greatly limits the large-scale application of ecological weirs.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable infiltration-type hydrodynamically enhanced ecological weir, which has good water treatment and purification effects (can efficiently remove nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals at the same time), can meet different waterway conditions and environmental requirements, is flexible to use, has a relatively simple structure, and is economical and environmentally friendly.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir, comprising a main frame in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, wherein the main frame comprises a front water baffle, a rear water baffle, side water baffles located on both sides of the main frame, an upper water baffle and a lower water baffle;

[0008] A front guide system is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame and close to the front water baffle;

[0009] A rear guide system is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame and close to the rear water baffle;

[0010] The main frame is filled with filter material;

[0011] Both ends of the front flow guiding system and the rear flow guiding system are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, a water inlet groove is provided on the front water baffle plate; and a first guide hole is provided on both the front water baffle plate and the rear water baffle plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the front flow guide system is a cavity structure as a whole, including a first transverse plate, a first inclined plate, and a first bent plate; one side of the first transverse plate is arranged close to the front water baffle, the other side of the first transverse plate is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate, the upper side of the first inclined plate is connected to one side of the first bent plate, and the other side of the first bent plate is arranged close to the front water baffle; the junction between the front flow guide system and the front water baffle is open, and the size of the open opening matches the water inlet trough;

[0014] The first inclined plate is provided with a second guide hole.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the rear air guide system is a cavity structure as a whole, including a second transverse plate, a first vertical plate, a third transverse plate, a second bent plate, and a second inclined plate; one side of the second transverse plate is connected to one side of the first vertical plate, the other side of the first vertical plate is connected to one side of the third transverse plate, the other side of the third transverse plate is connected to one side of the second bent plate, the other side of the second bent plate is connected to one side of the second inclined plate, and the other side of the second inclined plate is connected to the other side of the second transverse plate;

[0016] The first vertical plate and the second inclined plate are both provided with third guide holes.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the number of the front flow guiding system and the rear flow guiding system is not less than 1; when the number exceeds 1, the front flow guiding system and the rear flow guiding system are each arranged in parallel up and down.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention,

[0019] The ecological weir is also provided with a lifting system; the lifting system includes guide rails, steel wire ropes, manual winches, steel brackets, and water diversion plates; two steel brackets are provided and are respectively located at the two ends of the upper water retaining plate, and the manual winch is installed on each of the steel brackets; one end of each manual winch is connected to one end of the steel wire rope, and the other end of each of the steel wire ropes is connected to the water diversion plate, the guide rails are vertically arranged on the inner walls of the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame and are located between the front diversion system and the rear diversion system, and the water diversion plate is installed relying on the guide rails.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, a fourth guide hole is provided on the upper water retaining plate.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the preparation of the filter material comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1, preparation of biochar using rice husk as raw material;

[0023] S2, adding the biochar prepared in step S1 to 20-30wt% nitric acid, treating it under heating conditions, and after the treatment, washing and drying, obtaining pre-modified biochar for standby use;

[0024] S3, mixing the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and subjecting it to high temperature treatment, and then treating it with a hydrochloric acid solution after the treatment is completed. After the treatment is completed, filtering, washing, and drying, the pre-modified rectorite is obtained for standby use;

[0025] S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 into water, stir at 60-80° C. for 2-6 hours, and after the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain a filter material.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S1, the preparation of biochar includes the following steps: adding rice husk and potassium hydroxide to water in a mass ratio of 1:2.5-4, stirring at 35-50°C for 4-8h and then drying, calcining for 0.5-2h under nitrogen atmosphere at 790-810°C after the treatment, washing and drying to obtain biochar;

[0027] In step S2, the mass ratio of biochar to nitric acid is 1:5-10, the heating temperature is 70-90°C, and the treatment time is 2-4h.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, in step S3, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to rectorite raw materials is 0.5-2:1, the high temperature treatment temperature is 790-810°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-2h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 8-12wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 65-80°C, and the treatment time is 1-3h;

[0029] In step S4, the mass ratio of pre-modified biochar, pre-modified rectorite and water is 1:0.5-0.8:5-12; the calcination treatment temperature is 350-450°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-4h.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The ecological weir provided by the present invention is composed of one or more outer walls to form a chamber, and the interior is filled with filter material. It has a good purification effect on different pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals, greatly improving the quality of water treatment.

[0032] (2) The ecological weir provided by the present invention can significantly improve aquatic habitats, increase dissolved oxygen, and further promote the healthy development of aquatic ecosystems based on water purification.

[0033] (3) The ecological weir provided by the present invention can control the flow through the ecological weir through the front diversion system on the water inlet side and the rear diversion system on the outflow side. This design not only improves the efficiency of pollutant removal, but also ensures the stability of water flow.

[0034] (4) The ecological weir provided by the present invention, the front guide system on the water inlet side and the rear guide system on the outflow side allow the fluid to partially pass downstream after entering the weir and partially return upstream for further treatment. This design not only increases the contact time between the fluid and the filter medium, but also improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0035] (5) The ecological weir provided by the present invention can be manually operated to raise and lower the water regulating plate inside the weir body as needed to adapt to different waterway conditions and environmental requirements. For example, in flood seasons, the weir body can be lowered to reduce obstruction to water flow; in dry seasons, the weir body can enhance the control and treatment effect of water flow.

[0036] (6) The ecological weir provided by the present invention can be installed in series or in parallel, and is suitable for different waterway conditions. In addition, the engineering riverbed (i.e., the engineering undercurrent area) can be installed below the ecological weir to further enhance its water treatment capacity.

[0037] (7) The filter material used in the present invention is prepared by a specific method and can achieve the best filtering and adsorption effect. Specifically, the present invention uses common rice husks and rectorite as main raw materials, wherein rice husks are a common agricultural and forestry byproduct with both environmental protection and economic benefits; first, biochar material is prepared using rice husks as raw materials, and then the biochar material is treated with nitric acid. The purpose of the nitric acid treatment is to clean the pores and improve the specific surface area, and the second purpose is to introduce oxygen-containing groups, which is conducive to the subsequent composite with rectorite; rectorite has certain adsorption properties, but has the disadvantages of low adsorption saturation and slow adsorption. In this regard, the present invention firstly performs a high-temperature alkali melting treatment on it, the purpose of which is to enrich the pore structure, increase the specific surface area, and preliminarily improve its adsorption performance, and then it is treated with hydrochloric acid. The purpose of the hydrochloric acid treatment is to clean the pores and further increase its specific surface area, and the second purpose is to further introduce groups such as hydroxyl groups, so that the modified rectorite and the biochar material rich in oxygen-containing groups are combined in the form of hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, etc., to improve the composite use effect of the two, improve the specific surface area of ​​the composite material, and finally achieve a significant improvement in adsorption performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water retaining plate in front of the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water retaining plate behind the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water retaining plate on the ecological weir of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological weir diversion system of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological weir diversion system of the present invention.

[0045] Among them, 1. front water baffle; 2. rear water baffle; 3. upper water baffle; 31. fourth guide hole; 4. front guide system; 41. first horizontal plate; 42. first inclined plate; 43. first bent plate; 44. second guide hole; 5. rear guide system; 51. second horizontal plate; 52. first vertical plate; 53. third horizontal plate; 54. second bent plate, 55. second inclined plate; 56. third guide hole; 6. filter material; 7. lifting system; 71. guide rail; 72. wire rope; 73. manual winch; 74. steel bracket; 75. water adjustment plate; 8. water inlet trough; 9. first guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly explained, the present invention will be further explained in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the specification.

[0047] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir, comprising a main frame in the shape of a cuboid or a cube, wherein the main frame comprises a front water retaining plate 1, a rear water retaining plate 2, side water retaining plates located on both sides of the main frame, an upper water retaining plate 3 and a lower water retaining plate;

[0048] A front flow guide system 4 is arranged in parallel inside the main frame and close to one side of the front water baffle 1;

[0049] A rear guide system 5 is arranged in parallel inside the main frame and close to one side of the rear water baffle 2;

[0050] The main frame is filled with filter material 6;

[0051] Both ends of the front flow guiding system 4 and the rear flow guiding system 5 are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame.

[0052] In the above technical solution, the ecological weir is composed of front, rear, left, right, and upper and lower baffles, forming a rectangular or cube structure. Water flows in from the front baffle 1 and flows out from the rear baffle 2; during the flow of water inside the ecological weir, the front guide system 4 and the rear guide system 5 play a role in disturbing the flow of water, thereby improving the purification effect of the filter material 6 on pollutants in the water.

[0053] In some embodiments, see further Figure 3 and Figure 4 The front water baffle plate 1 is provided with a water inlet groove 8; the front water baffle plate 1 and the rear water baffle plate 2 are both provided with a first guide hole 9.

[0054] By setting the water inlet trough 8, the water flow can directly enter the front diversion system 4 inside the ecological weir; at the same time, the water flow can also flow in from multiple directions through the first diversion holes 9. By adjusting the specifications of the water inlet trough 8 and the size and number of the first diversion holes 9, the water flow can be regulated, ensuring the flexibility of the use of the ecological weir.

[0055] In some embodiments, see further Figure 2 and Figure 6 The front flow guide system 4 is a hollow structure as a whole, including a first transverse plate 41, a first inclined plate 42, and a first bent plate 43; one side of the first transverse plate 41 is arranged close to the front water baffle 1, the other side of the first transverse plate 41 is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate 42, the upper side of the first inclined plate 42 is connected to one side of the first bent plate 43, and the other side of the first bent plate 43 is arranged close to the front water baffle 1; the junction between the front flow guide system 4 and the front water baffle 1 is open, and the size of the open size matches the water inlet trough 8;

[0056] The first inclined plate 42 defines a second guide hole 44 .

[0057] In the above technical solution, the front guide system 4 is installed on the left and right side plates of the ecological weir and is set close to the front water baffle 1. In terms of its structure, the first horizontal plate 41 is abutted and perpendicular to the front water baffle 1, and the first inclined plate 42 is inclined. The overall installation height is higher than the first horizontal plate 41, and the two form a folded shape; the first bent plate 43 is in an arc shape as a whole, and one end is close to the front water baffle 1, and together with the first horizontal plate 41 and the first inclined plate 42, a cavity structure is formed close to the front water baffle 1; and further see Figure 2, the cavity structure of the front flow guide system 4 is open on one side of the front water baffle 1, which just matches the size of the water inlet groove 8 opened on the front water baffle 1. Obviously, it can be understood that the connection on one side mentioned above refers to the side connection. Taking the other side of the first transverse plate 41 being obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate 42 as an example, it means that the other side of the first transverse plate 41 is connected to the side of the lower end of the first inclined plate 42. This understanding does not deviate from the general understanding of those skilled in the art, and can be confirmed by referring to the drawings in the specification.

[0058] The setting of the front guide system 4 of the above structure allows part of the water flow to return to the upstream for further treatment, while the other part of the water flow outside the front guide system 4 enters the ecological weir and directly enters the downstream. This design not only increases the contact time between the fluid and the filter medium, but also improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0059] In some embodiments, see further Figure 2 and Figure 7 The rear air guide system 5 is a hollow structure as a whole, including a second transverse plate 51, a first vertical plate 52, a third transverse plate 53, a second bent plate 54, and a second inclined plate 55; one side of the second transverse plate 51 is connected to one side of the first vertical plate 52, the other side of the first vertical plate 52 is connected to one side of the third transverse plate 53, the other side of the third transverse plate 53 is connected to one side of the second bent plate 54, the other side of the second bent plate 54 is connected to one side of the second inclined plate 55, and the other side of the second inclined plate 55 is connected to the other side of the second transverse plate 51;

[0060] The first vertical plate 52 and the second inclined plate 55 are both provided with third air guide holes 56 .

[0061] In the above technical solution, the structure of the rear flow guiding system 5 is similar to that of the front flow guiding system 4 as a whole, but there are some differences between the two. Specifically, the rear diversion system 5 is also installed on the left and right side plates of the ecological weir and is arranged close to the rear water baffle 2. The second horizontal plate 51 is arranged parallel to the upper water baffle 3 and the lower water baffle of the ecological weir, and the third horizontal plate 53 is located below the second horizontal plate 51 and is arranged parallel to it; the first vertical plate 52 is arranged parallel to the front water baffle 1 and the rear water baffle 2, and is located on the side of the second horizontal plate 51 away from the rear water baffle 2, and the first vertical plate 52 connects the second horizontal plate 51 and the third horizontal plate 53; the second inclined plate 55 is inclined, and the overall height is higher than the second horizontal plate 51, and the two constitute a folded structure; the second bent plate 54 is in an arc shape as a whole, and one end is connected to the second inclined plate 55, and the other end is connected to the third horizontal plate 53; the third diversion hole 56 opened on the first vertical plate 52 and the second inclined plate 55 facilitates water to flow into the rear diversion system 5 from above and horizontally.

[0062] The setting of the above-mentioned rear diversion system 5 also allows part of the water flow to return to the upstream for further treatment, while the other part of the water flow outside the rear diversion system 5 directly enters the downstream after passing through the ecological weir. This design not only increases the contact time between the fluid and the filter medium, but also improves the efficiency of pollutant removal.

[0063] In some embodiments, the number of the front flow guiding system 4 and the rear flow guiding system 5 is not less than 1; when the number exceeds 1, the front flow guiding system 4 and the rear flow guiding system 5 are both arranged in parallel up and down.

[0064] In some embodiments, see further Figure 1 , Figure 2 The ecological weir is also provided with a lifting system 7; the lifting system 7 includes a guide rail 71, a steel wire rope 72, a manual winch 73, a steel bracket 74, and a water regulating plate 75; two steel brackets 74 are provided and are respectively located at the two ends of the upper water retaining plate 3, and each of the steel brackets 74 is installed with the manual winch 73; one end of each manual winch 73 is connected to one end of the steel wire rope 72, and the other end of each of the steel wire ropes 72 is connected to the water regulating plate 75, the guide rail 71 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the side water retaining plate on both sides of the main frame and is located between the front guide system 4 and the rear guide system 5, and the water regulating plate 75 is installed relying on the guide rail 71.

[0065] In the above technical solution, the setting of the lifting system 7 enables the ecological weir to be adjusted according to the height of the water level, ensuring the flexibility and effectiveness of the setting of the ecological weir. Guide rails 71 are set on the water retaining plates on the left and right sides of the ecological weir, which facilitate the water regulating plate 75 to move up and down under the action of the wire rope 72. The wire rope 72 is manually controlled by a manual winch 73 installed on the top of the ecological weir. Obviously, based on the above setting, the manual winch 73 can be adjusted according to the upstream water level in different seasons. When the water level is higher than the system height, the manual winch 73 is adjusted to raise the water regulating plate 75 to the top. When the water level is at a low flow rate, the manual winch 73 is adjusted to lower the water regulating plate 75 to the bottom. Through the above operation, the water regulating plate inside the ecological weir body can be raised and lowered as needed to adapt to different waterway conditions and environmental requirements, that is, in the flood season, the weir body can be lowered to reduce the obstruction to the water flow; in the dry season, the control and treatment effect of the weir body on the water flow can be enhanced. It should be emphasized that the setting such as the need to open a hole for the wire rope to pass through the top of the ecological weir body can be routinely set by those skilled in the art, without creative labor. The height of the water regulating plate can be flexibly set as needed, preferably half the height of the water retaining plates on the left and right sides of the ecological weir.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 The upper water retaining plate 3 is provided with a fourth flow guide hole 31. This arrangement facilitates the water flow to flow in from the upper part of the ecological weir body when the water level is high.

[0067] In some embodiments, the upper water retaining plate 3 can be configured to be detachably connected, which is convenient for cleaning and maintenance of the ecological weir.

[0068] In some embodiments, the preparation of the filter material 6 comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1, preparation of biochar using rice husk as raw material;

[0070] S2, adding the biochar prepared in step S1 to 20-30wt% nitric acid, treating it under heating conditions, and after the treatment, washing and drying, obtaining pre-modified biochar for standby use;

[0071] S3, mixing the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and subjecting it to high temperature treatment, and then treating it with a hydrochloric acid solution after the treatment is completed. After the treatment is completed, filtering, washing, and drying, the pre-modified rectorite is obtained for standby use;

[0072] S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 into water, stir at 60-80° C. for 2-6 hours, and after the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain filter material 6.

[0073] In some embodiments, in step S1, the preparation of biochar comprises the following steps: adding rice husk and potassium hydroxide to water in a mass ratio of 1:2.5-4, stirring at 35-50°C for 4-8 hours, and then drying, and calcining for 0.5-2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at 790-810°C, and washing and drying to obtain biochar;

[0074] In step S2, the mass ratio of biochar to nitric acid is 1:5-10, the heating temperature is 70-90°C, and the treatment time is 2-4h.

[0075] In some embodiments, in step S3, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to rectorite raw materials is 0.5-2:1, the high temperature treatment temperature is 790-810°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-2h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 8-12wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 65-80°C, and the treatment time is 1-3h;

[0076] In step S4, the mass ratio of pre-modified biochar, pre-modified rectorite and water is 1:0.5-0.8:5-12; the calcination treatment temperature is 350-450°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-4h.

[0077] In the above technical solution, the filter material 6 is made by a special process to cooperate with the ecological weir to maximize the effect of water purification. The filter material 6 is prepared with common rectorite and rice husk as the main raw materials, which are modified to produce a synergistic effect to achieve the best effect of water adsorption and purification. In the ecological weir, the filling ratio of the filter material 6 can be selected according to actual needs, such as between 30 and 50%, preferably 45%.

[0078] It should be particularly emphasized that the above-mentioned ecological weirs can be installed individually or in series or in parallel to suit different waterway conditions. In addition, an engineering riverbed (i.e., an engineering undercurrent area) can be installed below the ecological weir to further enhance its water treatment capacity.

[0079] Through the setting of the above-mentioned ecological weir, pollutants in the water can be removed, the aquatic habitat can be significantly improved, dissolved oxygen can be increased, and the healthy development of the aquatic ecosystem can be further promoted.

[0080] The effects achieved by the movable infiltration type hydrodynamic enhancement ecological weir of the present invention are further described below through specific embodiments.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] A movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir, comprising a main frame in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, wherein the main frame comprises a front water retaining plate 1, a rear water retaining plate 2, side water retaining plates located on both sides of the main frame, an upper water retaining plate 3 and a bottom water retaining plate;

[0083] A front flow guide system 4 is arranged in parallel inside the main frame and close to one side of the front water baffle 1;

[0084] A rear guide system 5 is arranged in parallel inside the main frame and close to one side of the rear water baffle 2;

[0085] The main frame is filled with filter material 6;

[0086] Both ends of the front flow guiding system 4 and the rear flow guiding system 5 are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame.

[0087] The front water baffle plate 1 is provided with a water inlet groove 8 ; the front water baffle plate 1 and the rear water baffle plate 2 are both provided with a first guide hole 9 .

[0088] The front flow guide system 4 is a hollow structure as a whole, including a first transverse plate 41, a first inclined plate 42, and a first bent plate 43; one side of the first transverse plate 41 is arranged close to the front water baffle 1, the other side of the first transverse plate 41 is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate 42, the upper side of the first inclined plate 42 is connected to one side of the first bent plate 43, and the other side of the first bent plate 43 is arranged close to the front water baffle 1; the junction of the front flow guide system 4 and the front water baffle 1 is open, and the size of the open size matches the water inlet trough 8;

[0089] The first inclined plate 42 defines a second guide hole 44 .

[0090] The rear air guide system 5 is a hollow structure as a whole, including a second transverse plate 51, a first vertical plate 52, a third transverse plate 53, a second bent plate 54, and a second inclined plate 55; one side of the second transverse plate 51 is connected to one side of the first vertical plate 52, the other side of the first vertical plate 52 is connected to one side of the third transverse plate 53, the other side of the third transverse plate 53 is connected to one side of the second bent plate 54, the other side of the second bent plate 54 is connected to one side of the second inclined plate 55, and the other side of the second inclined plate 55 is connected to the other side of the second transverse plate 51;

[0091] The first vertical plate 52 and the second inclined plate 55 are both provided with third air guide holes 56 .

[0092] The upper water baffle plate 3 is provided with a fourth flow guide hole 31 .

[0093] Example 2

[0094] Based on the structure of the ecological weir in Example 1, in this embodiment, the number of the front guide system 4 and the rear guide system 5 are both 2, and both are arranged in parallel up and down.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] Based on the structure of the ecological weir in Example 2, in this embodiment, the ecological weir is also provided with a lifting system 7; the lifting system 7 includes a guide rail 71, a steel wire rope 72, a manual winch 73, a steel bracket 74, and a water regulating plate 75; two steel brackets 74 are provided and are respectively located at the two ends of the upper water retaining plate 3, and each of the steel brackets 74 is installed with the manual winch 73; one end of each manual winch 73 is connected to one end of the steel wire rope 72, and the other end of each of the steel wire ropes 72 is connected to the water regulating plate 75, the guide rail 71 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the side water retaining plate on both sides of the main frame and is located between the front guide system 4 and the rear guide system 5, and the water regulating plate 75 is installed relying on the guide rail 71.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] Based on the structure of the ecological weir in Example 2, this embodiment further provides a method for preparing a filter material 6, comprising the following steps:

[0099] S1, preparation of biochar using rice husk as raw material;

[0100] S2, adding the biochar prepared in step S1 to 25wt% nitric acid and treating it under heating conditions. After the treatment, washing and drying are performed to obtain pre-modified biochar for standby use;

[0101] S3, mixing the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and subjecting it to high temperature treatment, and then treating it with a hydrochloric acid solution after the treatment is completed. After the treatment is completed, filtering, washing, and drying, the pre-modified rectorite is obtained for standby use;

[0102] S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 into water, stir at 70° C. for 3.5 h, and after the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain filter material 6.

[0103] In step S1 of this embodiment, the preparation of biochar includes the following steps: adding rice husk and potassium hydroxide into water at a mass ratio of 1:3, stirring at 40°C for 5 hours and then drying, calcining under a nitrogen atmosphere at 795°C for 1 hour, washing and drying to obtain biochar;

[0104] In step S2 of this embodiment, the mass ratio of biochar to nitric acid is 1:8, the heating temperature is 80° C., and the processing time is 3 h.

[0105] In step S3 of this embodiment, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to rectorite raw materials is 0.6:1, the high temperature treatment temperature is 790°C, and the treatment time is 1.5h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 10wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 75°C, and the treatment time is 2h;

[0106] In step S4, the mass ratio of pre-modified biochar, pre-modified rectorite and water is 1:0.6:8; the calcination treatment temperature is 400°C and the treatment time is 2h.

[0107] In this embodiment, the filling ratio of the filter material 6 is 45%.

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] Compared with Example 4, in the preparation process of the filter material 6 in this comparative example, the treatment of step S2 is not performed, that is, the pre-modification of the biochar is not performed, and the other treatment methods are the same.

[0110] Comparative Example 2

[0111] Compared with Example 4, in the preparation process of the filter material 6 in this comparative example, the treatment of step S3 is not performed, that is, the pre-modification of the rectorite is not performed, and the other treatment methods are the same.

[0112] A simulated aqueous solution (nitrogen 20 mg / L, phosphorus 15 mg / L, lead ion 20 mg / L) was prepared, and the ecological weirs obtained in Example 4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were placed in a rectangular open test device, and the width and length of the test device were just enough to place the lower ecological weir (the mass ratio of filter material 6 to simulated aqueous solution was about 6:100); the prepared simulated aqueous solution was added to the test device, and the depth of addition was just enough to immerse the ecological weir, and the disturbance treatment was continued for 0.5h, and then sampling was performed, and the content of related substances in the treated simulated aqueous solution was tested, and the removal rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and lead ions were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0113] Table 1 Test results

[0114] Group Nitrogen removal rate / % Phosphorus removal rate / % <![CDATA[Pb 2+ Removal rate / %]]> Example 4 98.3 98.9 99.1 Comparative Example 1 94.6 95.2 96.3 Comparative Example 2 96.2 96.7 97.5

[0115] It can be seen that the static adsorption test results show that the ecological weir provided by the present invention has a good adsorption effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal lead, and combined with the embodiments and comparative examples, the modified filter material of the present invention can achieve the best adsorption effect.

[0116] In summary, the movable infiltration type hydrodynamic enhancement ecological weir provided by the present invention provides adsorption power based on water flow and performs infiltration treatment based on small holes opened on the weir body. Through structural innovation and multifunctional design, it provides an efficient, flexible and environmentally friendly water treatment solution. It has a wide range of applications and can adapt to different waterway conditions and environmental requirements, providing strong support for water quality improvement and ecological protection. In addition, the lifting and lowering control mechanism of the weir body enables the ecological weir to achieve the maximum effect in different seasons and different waterway conditions.

[0117] The above description describes the preferred implementation of the present invention, which should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement without departing from the principle and idea of ​​the present invention should be regarded as within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable permeable water dynamics enhancement ecological weir, comprising a main frame in the shape of a cuboid or cube, characterized in that: The main frame comprises a front water baffle (1), a rear water baffle (2), side water baffles located on both sides of the main frame, an upper water baffle (3) and a lower water baffle; A front flow guide system (4) is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame and close to the front water baffle (1); A rear flow guide system (5) is arranged in parallel on one side of the main frame and close to the rear water baffle (2); The main frame is filled with filter material (6); Both ends of the front flow guide system (4) and the rear flow guide system (5) are respectively installed on the side water retaining plates on both sides of the main frame; The front water baffle (1) is provided with a water inlet groove (8); and the front water baffle (1) and the rear water baffle (2) are both provided with a first flow guide hole (9).

2. A movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front flow guide system (4) is a hollow structure as a whole, comprising a first transverse plate (41), a first inclined plate (42), and a first bent plate (43); one side of the first transverse plate (41) is arranged close to the front water baffle (1), the other side of the first transverse plate (41) is obliquely connected to the lower side of the first inclined plate (42), the upper side of the first inclined plate (42) is connected to one side of the first bent plate (43), and the other side of the first bent plate (43) is arranged close to the front water baffle (1); the junction between the front flow guide system (4) and the front water baffle (1) is open, and the size of the open opening matches the water inlet trough (8); The first inclined plate (42) is provided with a second flow guide hole (44).

3. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear air guide system (5) is a hollow structure as a whole, comprising a second transverse plate (51), a first vertical plate (52), a third transverse plate (53), a second bent plate (54), and a second inclined plate (55); one side of the second transverse plate (51) is connected to one side of the first vertical plate (52), the other side of the first vertical plate (52) is connected to one side of the third transverse plate (53), the other side of the third transverse plate (53) is connected to one side of the second bent plate (54), the other side of the second bent plate (54) is connected to one side of the second inclined plate (55), and the other side of the second inclined plate (55) is connected to the other side of the second transverse plate (51); The first vertical plate (52) and the second inclined plate (55) are both provided with third flow guide holes (56).

4. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The number of the front flow guiding system (4) and the rear flow guiding system (5) is no less than one; when the number exceeds one, the front flow guiding system (4) and the rear flow guiding system (5) are each arranged in parallel up and down.

5. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ecological weir is also provided with a lifting system (7); the lifting system (7) comprises a guide rail (71), a steel wire rope (72), a manual winch (73), a steel support (74), and a water regulating plate (75); two steel supports (74) are provided and are respectively located at the two ends of the upper water retaining plate (3); the manual winch (73) is installed on each of the steel supports (74); one end of each manual winch (73) is connected to one end of the steel wire rope (72), and the other end of each of the steel wire ropes (72) is connected to the water regulating plate (75); the guide rail (71) is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the side water retaining plate on both sides of the main frame and is located between the front guide system (4) and the rear guide system (5); the water regulating plate (75) is installed relying on the guide rail (71).

6. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper water baffle plate (3) is provided with a fourth flow guide hole (31).

7. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preparation of the filter material (6) comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of biochar using rice husk as raw material; S2, adding the biochar prepared in step S1 to 20-30wt% nitric acid, treating it under heating conditions, and after the treatment, washing and drying, obtaining pre-modified biochar for standby use; S3, mixing the rectorite raw material with sodium hydroxide and subjecting it to high temperature treatment, and then treating it with a hydrochloric acid solution after the treatment is completed. After the treatment is completed, filtering, washing, and drying, the pre-modified rectorite is obtained for standby use; S4. Add the pre-modified biochar obtained in step S2 and the pre-modified rectorite obtained in step S3 into water, and stir at 60-80° C. for 2-6 hours. After the reaction is completed, filter and calcine to obtain filter material (6).

8. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S1, the preparation of biochar includes the following steps: adding rice husk and potassium hydroxide into water in a mass ratio of 1:2.5-4, stirring at 35-50° C. for 4-8 hours, and then drying, and calcining for 0.5-2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at 790-810° C., and washing and drying to obtain biochar; In step S2, the mass ratio of biochar to nitric acid is 1:5-10, the heating temperature is 70-90°C, and the treatment time is 2-4h.

9. The movable infiltration type water dynamics enhancement ecological weir according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to rectorite raw materials is 0.5-2:1, the high temperature treatment temperature is 790-810°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-2h; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 8-12wt%, the treatment temperature of the hydrochloric acid solution is 65-80°C, and the treatment time is 1-3h; In step S4, the mass ratio of pre-modified biochar, pre-modified rectorite and water is 1:0.5-0.8:5-12; the calcination treatment temperature is 350-450°C, and the treatment time is 0.5-4h.

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