Design method of adhesive structure and adhesive structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of locomotive part bonding, and discloses a design method of an adhesive structure and the adhesive structure.The design method comprises the steps that an adhesive structure model is established based on a to-be-bonded part and an adhesive; and calculating the adhesive structure model to obtain design parameters of the adhesive structure model, wherein the specific calculation steps comprise: calculating a dynamic load; calculating the bonding area; calculating dynamic load bonding deformation; calculating temperature load bonding deformation; calculating the thickness of the adhesive; and obtaining an adhesive structure according to the adhesive structure model and the design parameters thereof. The adhesive structure design method can be widely applied to locomotive part connection, the influence of the dynamic load and the temperature load on the bonding performance is comprehensively considered, the adhesive structure design is more accurate through calculation and application of the loads, the bonding strength of the adhesive can be effectively improved, and the design method is simple, clear, easy to operate and high in practicability. And the design efficiency of the locomotive part adhesive structure can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bonding of locomotive parts, and in particular to a design method for an adhesive structure and an adhesive structure. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of high-strength steel, various alloys, polymers, composite materials and other mixed material designs in rail transit locomotives, traditional structural connection technologies (such as welding, riveting, etc.) can no longer meet the needs. Compared with welding and riveting, bonding can achieve the connection of dissimilar materials, and has the advantages of uniform stress distribution, good fatigue performance, sound insulation and noise reduction, and good lightweight effect. It is widely used in rail vehicles, but there are also some problems, such as: air leakage, water leakage and other bonding strength problems at the bonding position. This is because the overall influence of dynamic load and temperature load on bonding performance is not fully considered in the design of the adhesive structure of traditional locomotive parts, which makes the design unreasonable.

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a design method for an adhesive structure to solve the problem that the design of the adhesive structure of traditional locomotive parts does not fully consider the overall influence of dynamic load and temperature load on the bonding performance, resulting in unreasonable design and affecting the bonding strength of the adhesive.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more comprehensive structural design of adhesives for locomotive parts to improve the performance of the adhesives. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a design method for an adhesive structure for improving adhesive performance, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] A method for designing an adhesive structure, the method comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Establishing an adhesive structure model based on the components to be bonded and the adhesive;

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the adhesive structure model to obtain its design parameters. The specific calculation steps include:

[0009] Dynamic load calculation;

[0010] Calculate the bonding area based on the dynamic load calculation results;

[0011] Dynamic load bonding deformation calculation;

[0012] Calculation of bonding deformation under temperature load;

[0013] Calculate the adhesive thickness based on the calculation results of dynamic load adhesive deformation and temperature load adhesive deformation;

[0014] Step 3: Obtain an adhesive structure according to the adhesive structure model and its design parameters.

[0015] Preferably, the dynamic load calculation includes:

[0016] Under the condition of dynamic load, the inertial impact shear load on the adhesive is calculated as:

[0017]

[0018] Where: is the shear load in the X direction; a x is the acceleration load in the X direction; is the shear load in the Y direction; a y is the acceleration load in the Y direction;

[0019] The calculated inertial impact in the tensile direction of the adhesive between the bonded parts is:

[0020]

[0021] Where: is the tensile load in the Z direction; a z is the acceleration load in the Z direction.

[0022] Preferably, the bonding area calculation includes:

[0023] The temperature attenuation coefficient of the adhesive is calculated as:

[0024]

[0025] Where: α is the temperature attenuation coefficient; δ TG is the tensile strength of the adhesive at the highest ambient temperature; TD It is the tensile strength of the adhesive at the lowest ambient temperature;

[0026] The dynamic load attenuation coefficient is calculated as:

[0027]

[0028] Where: β is the dynamic load attenuation coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration;

[0029] The calculated allowable tensile strength of the adhesive is:

[0030] σ 许用 =σ×α×β;

[0031] Where: 许用 is the tensile allowable strength of the adhesive after correction; σ is the tensile allowable strength of the adhesive before correction;

[0032] The calculated allowable shear strength of the adhesive is:

[0033] τ 许用 =τ×α×β;

[0034] Where: τ 许用 is the allowable shear strength of the adhesive after correction; τ is the allowable shear strength of the adhesive before correction;

[0035] According to the corrected tensile allowable strength, stress and safety factor, the minimum limit of the bonding area is calculated as:

[0036]

[0037] Where: S 粘 is the minimum limit of bonding area; K is the safety factor;

[0038] The calculation formula for the designed bonding area is as follows:

[0039] S 设计 =L1×L2;

[0040] Where: S 设计 is the designed bonding area; L1 is the length of the bonding area; L2 is the width of the bonding area;

[0041] Considering the structure and construction process factors including the adhesive component and the mounting base, the designed bonding area satisfies the following formula:

[0042] S 设计 ≥λ×S 粘 ;

[0043] Where: λ is the bonding coefficient.

[0044] Preferably, the dynamic load bonding deformation calculation includes:

[0045] The actual tensile strength of the bonded part is calculated as:

[0046]

[0047] Where: is the actual tensile strength in the Z direction;

[0048] The actual shear strength of the bonded parts is calculated:

[0049]

[0050] Where: is the actual shear strength in the X direction; is the actual shear strength in the Y direction;

[0051] The following formula is calculated based on the actual tensile strength and actual shear strength:

[0052]

[0053] Where: tanγ is the ratio of the actual shear strength in the X direction to the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; tanφ is the ratio of the actual shear strength in the Y direction to the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; It is the ratio of the actual tensile strength in the Z direction to the allowable tensile strength of the adhesive;

[0054] Assuming the thickness of the adhesive is d, at this thickness, the deformation of the adhesive in the X, Y or Z direction is:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Where: is the deformation in the X direction; is the deformation in the Y direction; is the deformation in the Z direction.

[0058] Preferably, the temperature load bonding deformation calculation includes:

[0059] Calculate the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the adhesive and the mounting base:

[0060] Δα=α 承载件 -α 安装座 ;

[0061] Where: Δα is the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the mounting base and the bearing component; α 安装座 is the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting base; α 承载件 is the thermal expansion coefficient of the bearing component;

[0062] According to the construction temperature of the adhesive: T a ~T b ℃、Ambient temperature when the train is running: And the maximum temperature difference between the use temperature and the construction temperature is calculated as:

[0063] Maximum temperature rise:

[0064] Maximum temperature drop:

[0065] Where: ΔT A is the maximum temperature rise; ΔT B is the maximum temperature drop;

[0066] The maximum deformation of the bonded parts under the maximum temperature rise and temperature drop is calculated:

[0067] At maximum temperature rise:

[0068]

[0069] Where: is the maximum deformation of the adhesive in the X direction under the maximum temperature rise; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Y direction under the maximum temperature rise; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Z direction under the maximum temperature rise;

[0070] Maximum temperature drop:

[0071]

[0072] Where: is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the X direction under the maximum temperature drop; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Y direction under the maximum temperature drop; It is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Z direction under the maximum temperature drop.

[0073] Preferably, the adhesive thickness calculation includes:

[0074] The equivalent strain of the adhesive is calculated:

[0075]

[0076] Where: ε M is the equivalent strain; x is the positive strain in the X direction; ε Y is the positive strain in the Y direction; ε z is the positive strain in the Z direction; x is the shear strain in the X direction; Y is the shear strain in the Y direction; z is the shear strain in the Z direction; ν is the Poisson’s ratio of the adhesive;

[0077] Among them, ε x =ε y =γ z =0, we get:

[0078]

[0079] According to the equivalent strain test value ε of the adhesive M Calculate the adhesive thickness d;

[0080] Therefore, the designed adhesive thickness should satisfy:

[0081] d 设计 ≥d;

[0082] Where: d 设计 To design the adhesive thickness.

[0083] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0084] The present invention provides a design method for an adhesive structure, the design method comprising: step one, establishing an adhesive structure model based on the parts to be bonded and the adhesive; step two, calculating the adhesive structure model to obtain its design parameters, and the specific calculation steps include: dynamic load calculation; bonding area calculation according to the dynamic load calculation result; dynamic load bonding deformation calculation; temperature load bonding deformation calculation; adhesive thickness calculation according to the dynamic load bonding deformation calculation and the temperature load bonding deformation calculation results; step three, obtaining an adhesive structure according to the adhesive structure model and its design parameters. The adhesive structure design method of the present invention can be widely used in locomotive parts, which comprehensively considers the influence of dynamic load and temperature load on bonding performance. By calculating and applying the above loads, the adhesive structure design is more accurate, which can effectively improve the adhesive bonding strength, and the design method is concise, clear and easy to operate, which can improve the efficiency of the adhesive structure design of locomotive parts.

[0085] The present invention also provides an adhesive structure, comprising a mounting seat, an adhesive and a substrate connected in sequence, and the adhesive structure is manufactured by adopting the above-mentioned design method.

[0086] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0087] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0088] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an adhesive structure in an embodiment;

[0089] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0091] This embodiment provides a design method for an adhesive structure, the design method comprising: step 1, establishing an adhesive structure model based on the components to be bonded and the adhesive, the structure is shown in FIG. Figure 1; Step 2, calculate the adhesive structure model to obtain its design parameters, and the specific calculation steps include: dynamic load calculation; bonding area calculation based on the dynamic load calculation results; dynamic load bonding deformation calculation; temperature load bonding deformation calculation; adhesive thickness calculation based on the dynamic load bonding deformation calculation and temperature load bonding deformation calculation results; Step 3, obtain an adhesive structure based on the adhesive structure model and its design parameters. Through the above steps, it fully considers the influence of dynamic load and temperature load on bonding performance. By calculating and applying the above loads, the adhesive structure design is more accurate, which can effectively improve the adhesive bonding strength. The design method is concise, clear and easy to operate, and can be widely used in locomotive parts to improve the efficiency of adhesive structure design of locomotive parts.

[0092] The dynamic load calculation includes:

[0093] Under the condition of dynamic load, the inertial impact shear load on the adhesive is calculated as:

[0094]

[0095] Where: is the shear load in the X direction; a x is the acceleration load in the X direction; is the shear load in the Y direction; a y is the acceleration load in the Y direction;

[0096] The calculated inertial impact in the tensile direction of the adhesive between the bonded parts is:

[0097]

[0098] Where: is the tensile load in the Z direction; a z is the acceleration load in the Z direction.

[0099] Through the above steps, the dynamic load in the design of the bonding structure can be fully and accurately considered to improve the performance of the bonding structure.

[0100] The bonding area calculation includes:

[0101] The temperature attenuation coefficient of the adhesive is calculated as:

[0102]

[0103] Where: α is the temperature attenuation coefficient; δ TG is the tensile strength of the adhesive at the highest ambient temperature; TD It is the tensile strength of the adhesive at the lowest ambient temperature;

[0104] The dynamic load attenuation coefficient is calculated as:

[0105]

[0106] Where: β is the dynamic load attenuation coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration;

[0107] The calculated allowable tensile strength of the adhesive is:

[0108] σ 许用 =σ×α×β;

[0109] Where: 许用 is the tensile allowable strength of the adhesive after correction; σ is the tensile allowable strength of the adhesive before correction;

[0110] The calculated allowable shear strength of the adhesive is:

[0111] τ 许用 =τ×α×β;

[0112] Where: τ 许用 is the allowable shear strength of the adhesive after correction; τ is the allowable shear strength of the adhesive before correction;

[0113] According to the corrected tensile allowable strength, stress and safety factor, the minimum limit of the bonding area is calculated as:

[0114]

[0115] Where: S 粘 is the minimum limit of bonding area; K is the safety factor; the bonding area of ​​the designed adhesive section is shown in Figure 2 , the designed bonding area is calculated as:

[0116] The calculation formula for the designed bonding area is as follows:

[0117] S 设计 =L1×L2;

[0118] Where: S 设计 is the designed bonding area; L1 is the length of the bonding area; L2 is the width of the bonding area;

[0119] Considering the structure and construction process factors including the adhesive component and the mounting base, the designed bonding area satisfies the following formula:

[0120] S 设计 ≥λ×S 粘 ;

[0121] Where: λ is the bonding coefficient.

[0122] Through the above steps, the bonding area of ​​the bonding structure design can be accurately obtained, and the bonding area takes the dynamic load into consideration.

[0123] The dynamic load bonding deformation calculation includes:

[0124] The actual tensile strength of the bonded part is calculated as:

[0125]

[0126] Where: is the actual tensile strength in the Z direction;

[0127] The actual shear strength of the bonded parts is calculated as:

[0128]

[0129] Where: is the actual shear strength in the X direction; is the actual shear strength in the Y direction;

[0130] The following formula is calculated based on the actual tensile strength and actual shear strength:

[0131]

[0132] Where: tanγ is the ratio of the actual shear strength in the X direction to the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; tanφ is the ratio of the actual shear strength in the Y direction to the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; It is the ratio of the actual tensile strength in the Z direction to the allowable tensile strength of the adhesive;

[0133] Assuming the thickness of the adhesive is d, at this thickness, the deformation of the adhesive in the X, Y or Z direction is:

[0134]

[0135] Where: is the deformation in the X direction; is the deformation in the Y direction; is the deformation in the Z direction.

[0136] Through the above steps, the bonding deformation of the bonding structure design can be accurately obtained, and the bonding area takes the dynamic load into consideration.

[0137] The temperature load bonding deformation calculation includes:

[0138] Calculate the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the adhesive and the mounting base:

[0139] Δα=α 承载件 -α 安装座 ;

[0140] Where: Δα is the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the mounting base and the bearing component; α 安装座is the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting base; α 承载件 is the thermal expansion coefficient of the bearing component;

[0141] According to the construction temperature of the adhesive: T a ~T b ℃、Ambient temperature when the train is running: And the maximum temperature difference between the use temperature and the construction temperature is calculated as:

[0142] Maximum temperature rise:

[0143] Maximum temperature drop:

[0144] Where: ΔT A is the maximum temperature rise; ΔT B is the maximum temperature drop;

[0145] The maximum deformation of the bonded parts under the maximum temperature rise and temperature drop is calculated:

[0146] At maximum temperature rise:

[0147]

[0148] Where: is the maximum deformation of the adhesive in the X direction under the maximum temperature rise; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Y direction under the maximum temperature rise; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Z direction under the maximum temperature rise;

[0149] Maximum temperature drop:

[0150]

[0151] Where: is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the X direction under the maximum temperature drop; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Y direction under the maximum temperature drop; It is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Z direction under the maximum temperature drop.

[0152] Through the above steps, the temperature load bonding deformation of the bonding structure design can be obtained.

[0153] The adhesive thickness calculation includes:

[0154] The equivalent strain of the adhesive is calculated:

[0155]

[0156] Where: ε M is the equivalent strain;x is the positive strain in the X direction; ε Y is the positive strain in the Y direction; ε z is the positive strain in the Z direction; x is the shear strain in the X direction; Y is the shear strain in the Y direction; z is the shear strain in the Z direction; ν is the Poisson’s ratio of the adhesive;

[0157] Among them, ε x =ε y =γ z =0, we get:

[0158]

[0159] According to the equivalent strain test value ε of the adhesive M Calculate the adhesive thickness d;

[0160] Therefore, the designed adhesive thickness should satisfy:

[0161] d 设计 ≥d;

[0162] Where: d 设计 To design the adhesive thickness.

[0163] Through the above steps, the adhesive thickness taking into account the dynamic load and the temperature load can be accurately obtained.

[0164] The design method of the adhesive structure of locomotive parts in this embodiment has the following advantages: it fully considers the influence of dynamic load and temperature load on the bonding performance, the adhesive structure design is more accurate, the adhesive bonding strength is improved, and the design method is convenient and easy to operate, which can improve the efficiency of the adhesive structure design of locomotive parts.

[0165] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment also provides an adhesive structure, including a mounting seat 1, an adhesive 2 and a substrate 3 connected in sequence, and is manufactured using the above-mentioned design method of the adhesive structure.

[0166] The adhesive structure provided in this embodiment has Figure 1 In the past, it was used for bonding of locomotive parts. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional bonding area. The bonding structure has a wide range of applications and good bonding performance.

[0167] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing an adhesive structure, characterized in that: The design method comprises: Step 1: Establishing an adhesive structure model based on the components to be bonded and the adhesive; Step 2: Calculate the adhesive structure model to obtain its design parameters. The specific calculation steps include: Dynamic load calculation; Calculate the bonding area based on the dynamic load calculation results; Dynamic load bonding deformation calculation; Calculation of bonding deformation under temperature load; Calculate the adhesive thickness based on the calculation results of dynamic load adhesive deformation and temperature load adhesive deformation; Step 3: Obtain an adhesive structure according to the adhesive structure model and its design parameters.

2. The method for designing an adhesive structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic load calculation includes: Under the condition of dynamic load, the inertial impact shear load on the adhesive is calculated as: Where: m is the mass carried by the bonded joint; is the shear load in the X direction; a x is the acceleration load in the X direction; is the shear load in the Y direction; a y is the acceleration load in the Y direction; The calculated inertial impact in the tensile direction of the adhesive between the bonded parts is: Where: is the tensile load in the Z direction; a z is the acceleration load in the Z direction.

3. The method for designing an adhesive structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bonding area calculation includes: The temperature attenuation coefficient of the adhesive is calculated as: Where: α is the temperature attenuation coefficient; δ TG is the tensile strength of the adhesive at the highest ambient temperature; TD It is the tensile strength of the adhesive at the lowest ambient temperature; The dynamic load attenuation coefficient is calculated as: Where: β is the dynamic load attenuation coefficient, g is the gravitational acceleration; The calculated allowable tensile strength of the adhesive is: s 许用 =s×a×b; Where: 许用 is the tensile allowable strength of the adhesive after correction; σ is the tensile allowable strength of the adhesive before correction; The calculated allowable shear strength of the adhesive is: t 许用 =τ×α×β; Where: τ 许用 is the allowable shear strength of the adhesive after correction; τ is the allowable shear strength of the adhesive before correction; According to the corrected tensile allowable strength, stress and safety factor, the minimum limit of the bonding area is calculated as: Where: S 粘 is the minimum limit of bonding area; K is the safety factor; The calculation formula for the designed bonding area is as follows: S 设计 =L1×L2; Where: S 设计 is the designed bonding area; L1 is the length of the bonding area; L2 is the width of the bonding area; Considering the structure and construction process factors including the adhesive component and the mounting base, the designed bonding area satisfies the following formula: S 设计 ≥λ×S 粘 ; Where: λ is the bonding coefficient.

4. The method for designing an adhesive structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dynamic load bonding deformation calculation includes: The actual tensile strength of the bonded part is calculated as: Where: is the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; The actual shear strength of the bonded parts is calculated as: Where: is the actual shear strength in the X direction; is the actual shear strength in the Y direction; The following formula is calculated based on the actual tensile strength and actual shear strength: Where: tanγ is the ratio of the actual shear strength in the X direction to the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; tanφ is the ratio of the actual shear strength in the Y direction to the actual tensile strength in the Z direction; It is the ratio of the actual tensile strength in the Z direction to the allowable tensile strength of the adhesive; Assuming the thickness of the adhesive is d, at this thickness, the deformation of the adhesive in the X, Y or Z direction is: Where: is the deformation in the X direction; is the deformation in the Y direction; is the deformation in the Z direction.

5. The method for designing an adhesive structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature load bonding deformation calculation includes: Calculate the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the adhesive and the mounting base: Dα=α 承载件 -a 安装座 ; Where: Δα is the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the mounting base and the bearing component; α 安装座 is the thermal expansion coefficient of the mounting base; α 承载件 is the thermal expansion coefficient of the bearing component; According to the construction temperature of the adhesive: T a ~T b ℃、Ambient temperature when the train is running: And the maximum temperature difference between the use temperature and the construction temperature is calculated as: Maximum temperature rise: Maximum temperature drop: Where: ΔT A is the maximum temperature rise; ΔT B is the maximum temperature drop; The maximum deformation of the bonded parts under the maximum temperature rise and temperature drop is calculated: At maximum temperature rise: Where: is the maximum deformation of the adhesive in the X direction under the maximum temperature rise; is the maximum deformation of the adhesive in the Y direction under the maximum temperature rise; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Z direction under the maximum temperature rise; Maximum temperature drop: Where: is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the X direction under the maximum temperature drop; is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Y direction under the maximum temperature drop; It is the maximum deformation of the bonded part in the Z direction under the maximum temperature drop.

6. The method for designing an adhesive structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adhesive thickness calculation includes: The equivalent strain of the adhesive is calculated: Where: ε M is the equivalent strain; x is the positive strain in the X direction; ε Y is the positive strain in the Y direction; ε z is the positive strain in the Z direction; x is the shear strain in the X direction; Y is the shear strain in the Y direction; z is the shear strain in the Z direction; ν is the Poisson’s ratio of the adhesive; Among them, ε x =ε y =γ z =0, we get: According to the equivalent strain test value ε of the adhesive M Calculate the adhesive thickness d; Therefore, the designed adhesive thickness should satisfy: d 设计 ≥d; Where: d 设计 To design the adhesive thickness.

7. An adhesive structure, comprising a mounting seat (1), an adhesive (2) and a substrate (3) connected in sequence, characterized in that: The invention is manufactured by adopting the design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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