Door and window opening cold and hot bridge blocking treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a door and window opening cold and hot bridge blocking treatment method which comprises a door and window opening and is characterized in that the door and window opening comprises prefabricated and cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels, a frame-embracing column structure, glass fiber mesh cloth, finished plastic dripping water, an A-level heat preservation plate, waterproof mortar, an auxiliary frame, a foaming agent and neutral silicone weather-resistant glue. The door and window opening peripheral edge opening thermal insulation material is consistent with the external wall thermal insulation layer, so that the external wall thermal insulation system forms a closed whole with the same thickness as the external wall; through calculation, the thickness of an external wall thermal insulation layer is generally thicker than that of thermal insulation mortar prepared by a common method, but the performance of the external wall thermal insulation layer is much better than that of the mortar, so that reinforced concrete lintels and embracing columns around the outer sides of doors and windows are locally concaved upwards, and a part of thermal insulation layer mounting space is reserved; according to the cold bridge treatment method, bolts are adopted for fixing, durability and stability are greatly improved, falling is not prone to occurring, connection with the window frame is even flexible connection, gaps are not prone to occurring after a long time, and heat preservation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of green buildings, and in particular to a method for blocking cold and hot bridges in door and window openings. Background Art

[0002] China's building insulation technology, especially exterior wall insulation technology, has gone through a development process from scratch and from simple to complex. In buildings, the heat loss of the exterior wall enclosure structure is relatively large, and the wall is the main component of the exterior enclosure structure. According to the principle of value engineering, the development of exterior wall insulation technology has become an important part of achieving building energy conservation. It can not only save a lot of energy, but also provide residents with a comfortable environment and bring many benefits.

[0003] As the country attaches great importance to the wall insulation industry, the Exterior Wall Insulation Council of the Building Energy Conservation Professional Committee of the China Construction Industry Association was established in 1999, focusing on studying and exploring the theories, guidelines and policies for the development of building energy conservation in my country.

[0004] In general, the development of China's building insulation technology not only reflects the progress of technology, but also reflects the society's emphasis on energy conservation and environmental protection. From ancient heating equipment to modern insulation materials and technologies, China's building insulation technology has experienced a development process from simple to complex, from traditional to modern.

[0005] Therefore, the applicant, based on many years of rich experience in design, development and actual production in the relevant industry, has conducted research and improvements on the existing structures and deficiencies, and provided a method for blocking cold and hot bridges in door and window openings, in order to achieve a more practical purpose. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for blocking cold and hot bridges in door and window openings, which solves the impact of insulation thickness on external window frames and adopts bolt fixation to enhance stability and overall performance; there is no risk of falling off, thereby solving the problem of cold and hot bridges easily generated in door and window openings.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a method for blocking hot and cold bridges at door and window openings, comprising a door and window opening, wherein the door and window opening comprises a prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintel and frame column structure, glass fiber mesh, finished plastic drip, Class A insulation board, waterproof mortar, attached frame, foaming agent and neutral silicone weather-resistant glue;

[0010] The prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame columns are made into L-shaped sections around the outer side of the window; the depth of the notch around the outer side of the window of this structure can be determined after calculation according to different climate zones and project types;

[0011] The glass fiber mesh is arranged at the corners around the outside of the door and window openings to enhance the crack resistance of the corners;

[0012] The bottom of the glass fiber mesh on the outdoor side is provided with a finished plastic drip for drainage;

[0013] The A-grade insulation board is firmly bonded to the wall with an adhesive;

[0014] The base wall below the prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and the frame column structure is provided with a waterproof mortar leveling waterproof layer;

[0015] The auxiliary frame and the prefabricated structure are set under the upper and lower lintels and frame-holding column structure of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and the intersection of the two should be tight and tight; the fixing of the auxiliary frame is filled with a foaming agent;

[0016] The neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesive is used for sealing after the exterior finish is completed.

[0017] The specific operations are as follows:

[0018] S1: The wall base is built, including prefabricated and cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame columns. The cross-section around the outer side of the window is made into an L-shape. The depth of the notch can be determined after calculation according to different climate zones and project types. The frame columns and lintels need to be determined after structural calculation for large windows.

[0019] S2: Before the construction of the leveling and waterproofing layer, the concrete wall, autoclaved fly ash brick (block), hollow concrete block, and autoclaved aerated concrete block wall should be treated with a special concrete interface treatment agent; in addition, the surface of the base wall should be clean, solid, and flat, without oil stains, release agents, and other attachments that hinder adhesion. Protrusions, hollows, and loose parts should be removed, and the wall surface flatness that exceeds the allowable deviation should be chiseled or repaired. Then, the base wall should be provided with a polymer cement waterproof mortar leveling and waterproofing layer;

[0020] S3: Fix the auxiliary frame, the connection between the auxiliary frame and the prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame column structures must be tight and tight;

[0021] S4: Fix the doors and windows, pay attention to fix them with the attached frames, and fill them with foaming agent;

[0022] S5: The A-grade insulation board and the wall need to be firmly glued with adhesive.

[0023] S6: Paste the insulation layer, and the junction with the door and window frames should be tight and tight to avoid gaps, which can enhance the insulation capacity. When the insulation layer is pasted to the upper and lower windows, you need to pay attention to the pasting method. The insulation board should be laid with staggered seams to prevent rainwater from seeping in later and affecting the insulation capacity;

[0024] When the continuous wall area of ​​the external insulation system of the insulation board is greater than 6mx6m, horizontal or vertical system deformation joints where the insulation layer is disconnected should be set according to the requirements of the building facade. The width of the joint should not exceed 20mm and can be open joints or concealed joints.

[0025] S7: Use insulation material to fill the space between the insulation layer and the window frame, and seal it with neutral silicone weather-resistant glue after the exterior finish is completed;

[0026] S8: Set up the plastering layer. Alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh should be set in the plastering layer to enhance its function. The plastering layer is composed of plastering mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh, anchor plastering mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh and plastering mortar;

[0027] S9: Use anchor bolts to fix the insulation layer in the concave corners around the outside of the window to prevent it from falling off;

[0028] S10: Add glass fiber mesh around the corners of door and window openings to enhance the crack resistance of the corners;

[0029] S11: Make the finished plastic drip.

[0030] Preferably, in S2, the performance of the concrete interface treatment agent should comply with the provisions of "Concrete Interface Treatment Agent" JC / T907; the waterproof mortar is polymer cement, and the tensile bonding strength between the leveling waterproof layer and the base layer is not less than 0.30MPa; the waterproof mortar of polymer cement should comply with the provisions of "Technical Code for Building Exterior Wall Waterproofing Engineering" JGJ235.

[0031] Preferably, in S5, the A-class insulation board and the wall are firmly bonded by adhesive, specifically by full bonding; the effective bonding area shall comply with the following provisions: when used at a height of 60m and below (except for Class B vacuum insulation panels), the effective bonding area shall not be less than 60%; when used at a height of more than 65m, the effective bonding area shall not be less than 85%; the effective bonding area of ​​Class B vacuum insulation panels shall not be less than 85%.

[0032] Preferably, in S6, the Class B vacuum insulation panels in the insulation layer should be pasted with seams, and the seam width should not be greater than 10 mm; other insulation panels should be tightly pasted to ensure that there are no gaps; the external insulation system of the Class B vacuum insulation panels can be set according to the panel seam position of the Class B vacuum insulation panels.

[0033] Preferably, in S7, when two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh are provided in the plastering layer, the thickness is 6 mm to 8 mm; when a single layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh is provided in the plastering layer, the thickness is 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0034] Preferably, in S8,

[0035] In the surface layer of the rock wool board external insulation system in the decorative surface or open curtain wall, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be set; in the surface layer of the external insulation system of other insulation boards, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be set on the first layer and the parts prone to collision, and two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh of 160g / m'+160g / m' shall be set on the second layer and above; the intersection of the insulation board and the adjacent side beam (wall) shall be reinforced with 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh, with an overlap of not less than 150mm on both sides of the joint, and pressed into the surface layer;

[0036] The surface layer of the closed curtain wall internal insulation board and external insulation system is provided with a single layer of 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh.

[0037] Preferably, in S9, the number of anchor bolts shall comply with the following provisions. The limit value of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the decorative surface is as follows:

[0038] For the external insulation system of the insulation board, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m' for use at a height below 55m; the number of structural anchor bolts is 10 to 12 per m' for use at a height of 55m to 100m;

[0039] The number of anchor bolts for the rock wool board external insulation system shall meet the requirements of the specification and be determined through wind load calculation, and shall be no less than 8 / m and no more than 15 / m, and the center distance of the anchor bolts shall not be less than 250mm;

[0040] When the calculated number of anchor bolts exceeds 15 / m, other insulation boards should be selected or other measures should be taken to improve the system's wind load resistance performance;

[0041] The limit value of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the curtain wall facing internal insulation board is as follows: for open curtain walls, the number of anchor bolts is the same as that of the external insulation system of the painted decorative wall; for closed curtain wall internal and external insulation systems, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m, and the number should be appropriately increased for use heights above 55m; Class B vacuum insulation panels should be reinforced with anchor bolts. For use heights below 55m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be no less than 5 per m, and for use heights between 55m and 100m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be 6 to 10 per m'.

[0042] Preferably, in S10, other requirements for anchor bolt setting are as follows: for small-sized insulation boards with a single size of 200mmx200mm or less (except vacuum insulation boards), there shall be at least one anchor bolt; for the non-transparent side, top and bottom plates of the bay window, the number of anchor bolts shall be the same as that of the external wall; the anchor bolts at 70mm to 100mm from the end of the external insulation system and from the positive corner of the wall shall be denser, with a spacing of no more than 250mm; the depth of the anchor bolts anchored into the base wall shall meet the following requirements: for the rock wool board external insulation system, the anchor bolts shall be anchored into the concrete wall by no less than 60mm, and into other walls by no less than 70mm; for other insulation board systems except rock wool boards, the anchor bolts shall be anchored into the concrete wall by no less than 35mm, and into other walls by no less than 55mm; for the anchor bolts used in the rock wool board external insulation system, when the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor bolt does not meet the requirements of the specification, through-wall anchor bolts or other measures to improve the tensile bearing capacity shall be adopted, and the anchor bolts shall be anchored on the first layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh.

[0043] Preferably, the construction process of the finishing layer of the external insulation engineering of the insulation board is as follows:

[0044] S1: After the finishing layer is completed and the curing time is not less than 7 days and the surface is dry, the finishing layer can be constructed;

[0045] S2: The paint finish should first be constructed with flexible water-resistant putty and elastic primer, and the construction process and quality requirements should comply with relevant standards;

[0046] S3: Control the thickness of decorative mortar, which should not be greater than 6mm;

[0047] S4: Adjust the color of the finish and make corresponding adjustments according to different projects.

[0048] (III) Beneficial effects

[0049] The present invention provides a method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) The thermal insulation material around the door and window openings of the present invention is consistent with the thermal insulation layer of the exterior wall, so that the thermal insulation system of the exterior wall forms a closed whole with the same thickness as the exterior wall; the thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the exterior wall is calculated to be generally thicker than the thermal insulation mortar of ordinary methods, but the performance is much better than the mortar, so in the node treatment, the reinforced concrete lintels and columns around the outside of the doors and windows are partially recessed to reserve a part of the installation space of the thermal insulation layer; this cold bridge treatment method adopts bolt fixing, which greatly improves the durability and stability, and is not easy to fall off. The connection with the window frame is a flexible connection, which is not easy to produce gaps over a long period of time, and is also conducive to thermal insulation.

[0051] (2) The thickness of the exterior wall insulation layer of the present invention is calculated to be generally thicker than the insulation mortar of ordinary methods, but the performance is much better than that of the mortar. Therefore, in the node treatment, the reinforced concrete lintel on the upper edge of the window outer side is partially recessed to reserve a part of the insulation layer installation space, so that there is enough insulation layer installation space.

[0052] (3) Conventional practices use mortar for thermal insulation, which is heavy in weight, has limited thickness, and is easy to fall off. The method for blocking the hot and cold bridges at door and window openings described in claim 1 of the present invention uses bolts for fixing, which greatly improves durability and stability and is not easy to fall off. The connection between the mortar and the window frame is a flexible connection, which is not easy to produce gaps over time and is also conducive to thermal insulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 :Description of the treatment method for blocking hot and cold bridges at door and window openings Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 2 :Description of the treatment method for blocking hot and cold bridges at door and window openings Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 3 : Prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame column structures;

[0056] In the figure:

[0057] A. Prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame columns.

[0058] 1. Fiberglass mesh, 2. Finished plastic dripping, 3. Class A insulation board, 4. Waterproof mortar, 5. Attached frame, 6. Foaming agent, 7. Neutral silicone weather-resistant glue DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] See also Figure 1-3 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for blocking hot and cold bridges in door and window openings, comprising a door and window opening, the door and window opening comprising a prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintel and frame column structure A, a glass fiber mesh 1, a finished plastic drip 2, a grade A insulation board 3, a waterproof mortar 4, an auxiliary frame 5, a foaming agent 6 and a neutral silicone weather-resistant glue 7;

[0061] Prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame columns structure A, the cross-section around the outside of the window is made into an L-shaped shape; the depth of the notch around the outside of the window of this structure can be determined after calculation according to different climate zones and project types;

[0062] The glass fiber mesh 1 is arranged at the corners around the outside of the door and window openings to enhance the crack resistance of the corners;

[0063] The bottom of the glass fiber mesh 1 on the outdoor side is provided with a finished plastic drip 2 for drainage;

[0064] The A-grade insulation board 3 is firmly bonded to the wall with adhesive;

[0065] The prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and the base wall below the frame column structure A are provided with a waterproof mortar 4 leveling waterproof layer;

[0066] The auxiliary frame 5 and the prefabricated structure are set under the upper and lower lintels of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete and the frame column structure A, and the intersection of the two should be tight and tight; the fixing of the auxiliary frame 5 is filled with a foaming agent 6;

[0067] Neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesive is used for sealing after the exterior finish is completed.

[0068] Embodiment 1, when working, the specific operation is as follows:

[0069] S1: The wall base is built, including prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame column structure A. The cross-section around the outer side of the window is made into an L-shape. Figure 1 , 2 The depth of the notch can be determined after calculation according to different climate zones and project types, which has strong universality. Figure 3 . When the windows are large, the size of the frame columns and lintels needs to be determined after structural calculation;

[0070] S2: Before the construction of the leveling and waterproofing layer, the concrete wall, autoclaved fly ash brick (block), hollow concrete block, and autoclaved aerated concrete block wall should be treated with a special concrete interface treatment agent. The performance of the concrete interface treatment agent should comply with the provisions of "Concrete Interface Treatment Agent" JC / T907; in addition, the surface of the base wall should be clean, solid, and flat, without oil stains, release agents and other attachments that hinder adhesion. Protrusions, hollows and loose parts should be removed, and the part of the wall flatness that exceeds the allowable deviation should be chiseled or repaired. Then the base wall should be provided with a polymer cement waterproof mortar 4 leveling and waterproof layer; the tensile bonding strength between the leveling and waterproof layer and the base layer shall not be less than 0.30MPa, and the polymer cement waterproof mortar shall comply with the provisions of "Technical Code for Building External Wall Waterproofing Engineering" JGJ235.

[0071] S3: Fix the auxiliary frame 5. The connection between the auxiliary frame 5 and the prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and the frame column structure A should be tight and tight;

[0072] S4: Fix the doors and windows, pay attention to fix them with the attached frame 5, and fill them with foaming agent 6;

[0073] S5: The A-grade insulation board 3 is pasted to the wall, and the two need to be firmly pasted with adhesive;

[0074] The effective bonding area shall comply with the following provisions: for use heights of 60m and below (except for Class B vacuum insulation panels), the effective bonding area shall not be less than 60%; for use heights above 65m, the effective bonding area shall not be less than 85%, and the effective bonding area of ​​Class B vacuum insulation panels shall not be less than 85%.

[0075] S6: Paste the insulation layer, and the junction with the door and window frames should be tight and tight to avoid gaps and enhance the insulation effect. When the insulation layer is pasted to the upper and lower windows, you need to pay attention to the pasting method. The insulation board should be laid with staggered seams to prevent rainwater from seeping in later and affecting the insulation capacity;

[0076] Class B vacuum insulation panels should be glued with seams, and the seam width should not exceed 10mm. Other insulation panels should be glued with tight seams, and the surface layer should be reinforced with alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 1.

[0077] When two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh are installed in the plastering layer, the thickness is 6mm~8mm, and when a single layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh is installed, the thickness is 4mm~6mm. When the continuous wall area of ​​the external insulation system of the insulation board is greater than 6mx6m, horizontal or vertical system deformation joints that disconnect the insulation layer should be set according to the requirements of the building facade. The width of the joint should not exceed 20mm and can be an open joint or a concealed joint.

[0078] The external insulation system of the Class B vacuum insulation panel can be set according to the panel seam position of the Class B vacuum insulation panel.

[0079] S7: The insulation layer and the window frame are tightly packed with insulation materials, and after the exterior surface is completed, they are sealed with neutral silicone weather-resistant glue 7;

[0080] S8: Setting the plastering layer, an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 1 should be set in the plastering layer to enhance its function, and the plastering layer is composed of plastering mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 1, anchor plastering mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 1 and plastering mortar;

[0081] The following matters need to be noted in the reinforcement measures of alkali-resistant mesh cloth:

[0082] In the plastering layer of the rock wool board external insulation system in the decorative surface or open curtain wall, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be set; in the plastering layer of the external insulation system of other insulation boards, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be set on the first layer and the parts prone to collision, and two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 160g / m'+160g / m' shall be set on the second layer and above; the intersection of the insulation board and the adjacent side beam (wall) shall be reinforced with 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 1, and the overlap along both sides of the joint shall be not less than 150mm, and pressed into the plastering layer;

[0083] A single layer of 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 1 is arranged inside the plastering layer of the closed curtain wall internal insulation board external insulation system.

[0084] S9: Use anchor bolts to fix the insulation layer in the concave corners around the outside of the window to prevent it from falling off;

[0085] The number of anchor bolts shall comply with the following provisions: The limit of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the decorative surface is as follows:

[0086] For the external insulation system of insulation board, when the use height is below 55m, the number of structural anchors is 6 to 10 per m'; when the use height is 55m to 100m, the number of structural anchors is 10 to 12 per m'; the number of load-bearing anchors for the external insulation system of rock wool board meets the requirements of the specification and is determined through wind load verification, and is not less than 8 per m and not more than 15 per m; the center distance between anchors should not be less than 250mm.

[0087] When the calculated number of anchor bolts exceeds 15 / m, other insulation panels should be selected or other measures should be taken to improve the system's wind load resistance.

[0088] The limit of anchor bolt quantity per unit area in the curtain wall facing internal insulation board external insulation system is as follows: for open curtain wall, the number of anchor bolts is the same as that of the coating decorative surface external insulation system, for closed curtain wall internal and external insulation system, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m, and the number of structural anchor bolts should be appropriately increased when the use height is above 55m. Class B vacuum insulation panels should be reinforced with anchor bolts, and the number of structural anchor bolts should be no less than 5 per m when the use height is below 55m; for the use height of 55m to 100m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be 6 to 10 per m'.

[0089] S10: Add glass fiber mesh 1 at the corners around the door and window openings to enhance the crack resistance of the corners;

[0090] Other requirements for anchor bolt setting are as follows:

[0091] For small-sized insulation boards with a single size of less than 200mmx200mm (except vacuum insulation boards), there shall be no less than one anchor bolt in the non-transparent side, top and bottom plates of the bay window, and the number of anchor bolts shall be the same as that on the exterior wall. The anchor bolts at the end of the external insulation system and at 70mm to 100mm from the outside corner of the wall shall be denser, with a spacing of no more than 250mm.

[0092] The depth of anchor bolts anchored into the base wall shall meet the following requirements: For rock wool board external insulation system, the anchor depth into the concrete wall shall be no less than 60mm, and the anchor depth into other walls shall be no less than 70mm; For other insulation board systems other than rock wool boards, the anchor depth into the concrete wall shall be no less than 35mm, and the anchor depth into other walls shall be no less than 55mm; For anchor bolts used in rock wool board external insulation system, when the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor bolt does not meet the requirements of the specification, through-wall anchor bolts or other measures to increase the tensile bearing capacity shall be used, and the anchor bolts shall be anchored on the first layer of alkali-resistant glass mesh cloth 1.

[0093] S11: Produce finished plastic drip 2.

[0094] In S2, the performance of the concrete interface treatment agent shall comply with the provisions of "Concrete Interface Treatment Agent" JC / T907; the waterproof mortar 4 is polymer cement, and the tensile bonding strength between the leveling waterproof layer and the base layer is not less than 0.30MPa; the waterproof mortar 4 of polymer cement shall comply with the provisions of "Technical Code for Building Exterior Wall Waterproofing Engineering" JGJ235.

[0095] In S5, the A-class insulation board 3 is firmly bonded to the wall with adhesive, specifically, the full bonding method is used; the effective bonding area shall comply with the following provisions: when used at a height of 60m or less (except for Class B vacuum insulation panels), the effective bonding area shall not be less than 60%; when used at a height of more than 65m, the effective bonding area shall not be less than 85%; the effective bonding area of ​​Class B vacuum insulation panels shall not be less than 85%.

[0096] In S6, the B-type vacuum insulation panels in the insulation layer should be glued with seams, and the seam width should not exceed 10mm; other insulation panels should be tightly glued to ensure that there are no gaps; the external insulation system of the B-type vacuum insulation panels can be set according to the position of the panel seams of the B-type vacuum insulation panels.

[0097] In S7, when two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 1 are provided in the plastering layer, the thickness is 6 mm to 8 mm; when a single layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 1 is provided in the plastering layer, the thickness is 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0098] In S8,

[0099] In the plastering layer of the rock wool board external insulation system in the decorative surface or open curtain wall, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be set; in the plastering layer of the external insulation system of other insulation boards, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be set on the first layer and the parts prone to collision, and two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 160g / m'+160g / m' shall be set on the second layer and above; the intersection of the insulation board and the adjacent side beam (wall) shall be reinforced with 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth of 1, and the overlap along both sides of the joint shall be not less than 150mm, and pressed into the plastering layer;

[0100] A single layer of 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth 1 is arranged inside the plastering layer of the closed curtain wall internal insulation board external insulation system.

[0101] In S9, the number of anchor bolts shall comply with the following provisions. The limit of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the decorative surface is as follows:

[0102] For the external insulation system of the insulation board, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m' for use at a height below 55m; the number of structural anchor bolts is 10 to 12 per m' for use at a height of 55m to 100m;

[0103] The number of anchor bolts for the rock wool board external insulation system shall meet the requirements of the specification and be determined through wind load calculation, and shall be no less than 8 / m and no more than 15 / m, and the center distance of the anchor bolts shall not be less than 250mm;

[0104] When the calculated number of anchor bolts exceeds 15 / m, other insulation boards should be selected or other measures should be taken to improve the system's wind load resistance performance;

[0105] The limit value of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the curtain wall facing internal insulation board is as follows: for open curtain walls, the number of anchor bolts is the same as that of the external insulation system of the painted decorative wall; for closed curtain wall internal and external insulation systems, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m, and the number should be appropriately increased for use heights above 55m; Class B vacuum insulation panels should be reinforced with anchor bolts. For use heights below 55m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be no less than 5 per m, and for use heights between 55m and 100m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be 6 to 10 per m'.

[0106] In S10, other requirements for anchor bolts are as follows: for small-sized insulation boards with a single size of less than 200mmx200mm (except vacuum insulation boards), there shall be at least one anchor bolt; for the non-transparent sides, top plates and bottom plates of bay windows, the number of anchor bolts shall be the same as that of the external wall; the anchor bolts at 70mm to 100mm from the end of the external insulation system and from the positive corners of the wall shall be denser, with a spacing of no more than 250mm; the depth of anchor bolts anchored into the base wall shall meet the following requirements: for rock wool board external insulation system, the anchor bolts shall be anchored into the concrete wall for not less than 60mm, and into other walls for not less than 70mm; for other insulation board systems except rock wool boards, the anchor bolts shall be anchored into the concrete wall for not less than 35mm, and into other walls for not less than 55mm; for anchor bolts used in rock wool board external insulation system, when the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor bolt does not meet the requirements of the specification, through-wall anchor bolts or other measures to increase the tensile bearing capacity shall be used, and the anchor bolts shall be anchored on the first layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh 1.

[0107] In the second embodiment, during operation, the construction process of the finishing layer of the external insulation project of the insulation board is as follows:

[0108] S1: After the finishing layer is completed and the curing time is not less than 7 days and the surface is dry, the finishing layer can be constructed;

[0109] S2: The paint finish should first be constructed with flexible water-resistant putty and elastic primer, and the construction process and quality requirements should comply with relevant standards;

[0110] S3: Control the thickness of decorative mortar, which should not be greater than 6mm;

[0111] S4: Adjust the color of the finish and make corresponding adjustments according to different projects.

[0112] To sum up, the insulation material around the door and window openings of the present invention is consistent with the insulation layer of the exterior wall, so that the exterior wall insulation system forms a closed whole with the same thickness as the exterior wall; the thickness of the exterior wall insulation layer is calculated to be generally thicker than the insulation mortar of ordinary methods, but the performance is much better than the mortar, so in the node treatment, the reinforced concrete lintels and columns around the outside of the doors and windows are partially recessed to reserve a part of the insulation layer installation space; this cold bridge treatment method adopts bolt fixing, which greatly improves durability and stability, and is not easy to fall off. It is connected with the window frame in a flexible way, which is not easy to produce gaps in the long run, and is also conducive to insulation.

[0113] The thickness of the exterior wall insulation layer of the present invention has been calculated and is generally thicker than the insulation mortar of ordinary methods, but the performance is much better than the mortar. Therefore, in the node treatment, the reinforced concrete lintel on the upper edge of the window outer side is partially recessed to reserve a part of the insulation layer installation space, so that there is enough insulation layer installation space.

[0114] Compared with the conventional practice of using mortar for thermal insulation, which is heavy, has limited thickness and is easy to fall off, the hot and cold bridge blocking treatment method for door and window openings described in claim 1 is fixed with bolts, which has greatly improved durability and stability and is not easy to fall off. The connection with the window frame is a flexible connection, which is not easy to produce gaps over time and is also beneficial to thermal insulation.

[0115] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0116] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings, comprising a door and window opening, characterized in that: The door and window openings include prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame column structures (A), glass fiber mesh (1), finished plastic drips (2), Class A insulation boards (3), waterproof mortar (4), auxiliary frames (5), foaming agents (6) and neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesives (7); The prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame column structure (A) has an L-shaped cross section around the outer side of the window; the depth of the notch around the outer side of the window of this structure can be determined after calculation according to different climate zones and project types; The glass fiber mesh (1) is arranged at the corners around the outside of the door and window openings to enhance the anti-cracking performance of the corners; The glass fiber mesh (1) is provided with a finished plastic drip (2) at the bottom of the outdoor side for drainage; The A-grade insulation board (3) is firmly bonded to the wall using an adhesive; The base wall below the prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and the frame column structure (A) is provided with a waterproof mortar (4) leveling waterproof layer; The auxiliary frame (5) is prefabricated and arranged under the upper and lower lintels and the frame column structure (A) of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and the intersection between the two should be tight and tight; the fixing of the auxiliary frame (5) is filled with a foaming agent (6); The neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesive is used for sealing after the exterior finish is completed. The specific operations are as follows: S1: The wall base is built, including prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and frame column structures (A). The cross-section around the outer side of the window is made into an L-shape. The depth of the notch can be determined after calculation according to different climate zones and project types. The frame columns and lintels need to be determined after structural calculation for large windows. S2: Before the construction of the leveling and waterproofing layer, concrete walls, autoclaved fly ash brick (block), hollow concrete blocks, and autoclaved aerated concrete block walls should be treated with a special concrete interface treatment agent. In addition, the surface of the base wall should be clean, solid, and flat, without oil stains, release agents, and other attachments that hinder adhesion. Protrusions, hollows, and loose parts should be removed. Parts of the wall surface that exceed the allowable deviation should be chiseled or repaired. Then, the base wall should be provided with a polymer cement waterproof mortar (4) to level the waterproof layer. S3: Fix the auxiliary frame (5), the auxiliary frame (5) and the prefabricated, cast-in-place reinforced concrete upper and lower lintels and the frame column structure (A) should be tightly connected; S4: Fix the doors and windows, pay attention to fix them with the attached frame (5), and fill them with foaming agent (6); S5: The A-grade insulation board (3) is pasted to the wall. The two need to be firmly pasted with adhesive. S6: Paste the insulation layer, and the junction with the door and window frames should be tight and tight to avoid gaps, which can enhance the insulation capacity. When the insulation layer is pasted to the upper and lower windows, you need to pay attention to the pasting method. The insulation board should be laid with staggered seams to prevent rainwater from seeping in later and affecting the insulation capacity; When the continuous wall area of ​​the external insulation system of the insulation board is greater than 6mx6m, horizontal or vertical system deformation joints where the insulation layer is disconnected should be set according to the requirements of the building facade. The width of the joint should not exceed 20mm and can be open joints or concealed joints. S7: The insulation layer and the window frame are tightly packed with insulation material, and after the exterior surface is completed, they are sealed with neutral silicone weather-resistant glue (7); S8: setting a plastering layer, wherein an alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1) should be provided in the plastering layer to enhance its function, and the plastering layer is composed of plastering mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1), anchor plastering mortar, alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1) and plastering mortar; S9: Use anchor bolts to fix the insulation layer in the concave corners around the outside of the window to prevent it from falling off; S10: Add glass fiber mesh (1) around the corners of the door and window openings to enhance the crack resistance of the corners; S11: Produce a finished plastic drip (2).

2. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the performance of the concrete interface treatment agent should comply with the provisions of "Concrete Interface Treatment Agent" JC / T907; the waterproof mortar (4) is polymer cement, and the tensile bonding strength between the leveling waterproof layer and the base layer is not less than 0.30MPa; the waterproof mortar (4) of polymer cement should comply with the provisions of "Technical Code for Building External Wall Waterproofing Engineering" JGJ235.

3. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the A-class insulation board (3) is firmly bonded to the wall by an adhesive, specifically, by full bonding; the effective bonding area shall comply with the following provisions: when the use height is 60m or less (except for Class B vacuum insulation panels), the effective bonding area shall not be less than 60%; when the use height is above 65m, the effective bonding area shall not be less than 85%; the effective bonding area of ​​Class B vacuum insulation panels shall not be less than 85%.

4. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, the Class B vacuum insulation panels in the insulation layer should be glued with seams, and the seam width should not be greater than 10 mm; other insulation panels should be tightly glued to ensure that there are no gaps; the external insulation system of the Class B vacuum insulation panels can be set according to the board seam position of the Class B vacuum insulation panels.

5. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above S7, when two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth (1) are provided in the plastering layer, the thickness is 6 mm to 8 mm; when a single layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth (1) is provided in the plastering layer, the thickness is 4 mm to 6 mm.

6. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In said S8, In the plastering layer of the rock wool board external insulation system in the decorative surface or open curtain wall, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1) of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be provided; in the plastering layer of the external insulation system of other insulation boards, two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1) of 300g / m'+160g / m' shall be provided in the first layer and the parts prone to collision, and two layers of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1) of 160g / m'+160g / m' shall be provided in the second layer and above; the intersection of the insulation board and the adjacent side beam (wall) shall be reinforced with 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1), with an overlap of not less than 150mm on both sides of the joint, and pressed into the plastering layer; A single layer of 160g / m' alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth (1) is arranged inside the plastering layer of the closed curtain wall internal insulation board external insulation system.

7. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S9, the number of anchor bolts shall comply with the following provisions. The limit of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the decorative surface is as follows: For the external insulation system of the insulation board, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m' for use at a height below 55m; the number of structural anchor bolts is 10 to 12 per m' for use at a height of 55m to 100m; The number of anchor bolts for the rock wool board external insulation system shall meet the requirements of the specification and be determined through wind load calculation, and shall be no less than 8 / m and no more than 15 / m, and the center distance of the anchor bolts shall not be less than 250mm; When the calculated number of anchor bolts exceeds 15 / m, other insulation boards should be selected or other measures should be taken to improve the system's wind load resistance performance; The limit value of the number of anchor bolts per unit area in the external insulation system of the curtain wall facing internal insulation board is as follows: for open curtain walls, the number of anchor bolts is the same as that of the external insulation system of the painted decorative wall; for closed curtain wall internal and external insulation systems, the number of structural anchor bolts is 6 to 10 per m, and the number should be appropriately increased for use heights above 55m; Class B vacuum insulation panels should be reinforced with anchor bolts. For use heights below 55m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be no less than 5 per m, and for use heights between 55m and 100m, the number of structural anchor bolts should be 6 to 10 per m'.

8. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S10, other requirements for anchor bolt installation are as follows: for small-sized insulation boards with a single size of 200mmx200mm or less (except vacuum insulation boards), there shall be at least one anchor bolt at the non-transparent side, top and bottom plates of the bay window, and the number of anchor bolts shall be the same as that of the external wall; the anchor bolts at the end of the external insulation system and at 70mm-100mm from the positive corner of the wall shall be denser, with a spacing of no more than 250mm; the depth of the anchor bolts anchored into the base wall shall meet the following requirements: for rock wool board external insulation system, the anchor bolts shall be anchored into the concrete wall by no less than 60mm, and into other walls by no less than 70mm; for other insulation board systems other than rock wool boards, the anchor bolts shall be anchored into the concrete wall by no less than 35mm, and into other walls by no less than 55mm; for anchor bolts used in rock wool board external insulation system, when the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor bolt does not meet the requirements of the specification, through-wall anchor bolts or other measures to improve the tensile bearing capacity shall be used, and the anchor bolts shall be anchored on the first layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (1).

9. A method for blocking cold and hot bridges at door and window openings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction process of the finishing layer of the external insulation project of the insulation board is as follows: S1: After the finishing layer is completed and the curing time is not less than 7 days and the surface is dry, the finishing layer can be constructed; S2: The paint finish should first be constructed with flexible water-resistant putty and elastic primer, and the construction process and quality requirements should comply with relevant standards; S3: Control the thickness of decorative mortar, which should not be greater than 6mm; S4: Adjust the color of the finish and make corresponding adjustments according to different projects.

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