Reservoir exploration anti-seepage and leaking stoppage method for constructing drainage reservoir by using natural stone pit

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for exploring blocked water leakage by constructing upper and lower reservoirs of a pumped storage power station by using a natural water pit. The method comprises the steps of upper reservoir site selection, impounding reservoir site selection, self-flowing tunnel construction, drainage pipe installation and detection. According to the method, the effective cost control and the accurate segmented detection method are adopted, and the reservoir capable of safely operating can be quickly formed before the project is put into use. According to the segmented detection mode, the detection efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, the leakage problem can be found and processed in the early stage, the maintenance cost and resource consumption in the later stage are reduced, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower, and in particular to a method for pumping out a reservoir by using a natural stone pit to conduct anti-seepage and plugging exploration. Background Art

[0002] The leakage problem of reservoirs is a key technical problem in the field of water conservancy projects, which is directly related to the effective use of water resources and the safe operation of water conservancy facilities. Reservoirs are widely used in flood control, irrigation, water supply and power generation. However, long-term use or complex geological conditions often lead to reservoir leakage. Leakage not only causes a large amount of water resources to be wasted, but also causes safety hazards, such as dam instability and landslides, which seriously affect the overall safety and life of the project.

[0003] Traditional leakage detection methods mainly rely on manual observation, monitoring wells, observation instruments and other means. Although these methods are effective in some cases, their accuracy and comprehensiveness are limited, especially when the leakage path is hidden or the geological conditions are complex, it is difficult to accurately locate the leakage point. Reservoir leakage detection also faces problems such as large reservoir scale, harsh environment, and high detection difficulty, which cannot meet the requirements of modern large-scale reservoir projects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for exploring anti-seepage and plugging of reservoirs by using natural stone pits to build pumped-down reservoirs, which can effectively detect whether there is water leakage in the reservoir.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes a method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit to explore anti-seepage and plugging. The method comprises the following steps:

[0006] The method comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, site selection of upper reservoir: select a natural water pit as the upper reservoir, the vertical distance between the water pit and the lower reservoir is a first preset distance, the first preset distance is d1, and a hydropower station is built in the lower reservoir;

[0008] S2, reservoir site selection: select a reservoir between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir, the horizontal distance between the reservoir and the upper reservoir is the second preset distance, and the vertical distance is the third preset distance, the second preset distance is d2, the third preset distance is d3, d1>d2, d3 <d2<d1;

[0009] S3, construction of gravity tunnel and installation of drainage pipe: a gravity tunnel is constructed between the lowest point of the upper reservoir and the water storage reservoir, and a drainage pipe is installed in the tunnel, with the outlet of the drainage pipe located above the water storage reservoir;

[0010] S4. Detection: Pump the water from the upper reservoir to the storage reservoir, and then drain the water from the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir in turn. After each drainage, a preset time is set, and it is jointly determined whether there is water seepage and the location of water seepage by detecting whether there is water in the drainage pipe and the change of the water level in the upper reservoir.

[0011] Optionally, S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] S41. Obtain the depth and maximum diameter of the upper reservoir. The depth of the upper reservoir is denoted as d4, and the maximum diameter is denoted as d5.

[0013] S42. Drain the water in the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir. Pump water multiple times, with the depth increasing依次 each time. The number of pumping times is n times, and the water addition depth each time is d6, where n = d4 / (d5 * π + 2 * d5). When n is greater than 1, n takes an integer; when 0 < n < 1, n = 1, and d6 = d4 / n.

[0014] S43. Observe whether there is water in the drainage pipe after each drainage and place a preset time, and measure whether the reservoir water level changes. When water seeps out of the drainage pipe and the reservoir water level changes, it is determined that there is water seepage.

[0015] Optionally, the drainage pipe is inclined relative to the horizontal plane and inclined towards the storage reservoir.

[0016] Optionally, the self-flow tunnel has a slope of 1 / 1000.

[0017] Optionally, the lowest point of the upper reservoir is higher than the highest water level of the storage reservoir.

[0018] Optionally, a centrifugal pump is provided at the drainage outlet of the drainage pipe.

[0019] Optionally, a pumping barge is provided in the storage reservoir.

[0020] Optionally, a drainage pipe and multiple multi-stage pumps are provided between the lower reservoir and the storage reservoir.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The method of the present invention has effective cost control and accurate segmented detection method, which can quickly form a reservoir that can operate safely before the project is put into use. This segmented detection method greatly improves the detection efficiency and accuracy, enables leakage problems to be discovered and processed in the early stage, reduces the later maintenance cost and resource consumption, and shortens the construction period.

[0023] Instruction Manual

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit for exploration, anti-seepage and plugging of a reservoir is provided for this application;

[0026] Figure 2 The topographic map of the reservoir is constructed by pumping water down the reservoir using natural stone pits in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0029] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0030] The present invention provides a method for exploring anti-seepage and plugging of reservoirs by building pumped water from natural stone pits. The method specifically comprises: site selection of upper reservoir -> site selection of water storage reservoir -> construction of gravity tunnel and installation of drainage pipe -> detection. By monitoring the water flow change in the drainage pipe and the stability of the water level of the upper reservoir, if the water level drops abnormally, it is determined that there may be leakage at the monitoring point, and leakage prevention treatment is carried out in time; if no abnormality is found, water is continued to be injected to the next observation point, and detection is carried out in sections and layers in sequence, and the water level is gradually deepened until the sealing test of the entire system is completed.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the first embodiment of the present invention, a method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit to explore anti-seepage and plugging is proposed, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1, selection of the site of the upper reservoir: selecting a natural water pit as the upper reservoir, the vertical distance between the reservoir and the lower reservoir is a first preset distance, and the first preset distance is d1;

[0034] In the implementation mode of the present invention, a natural water pit with a stable geological structure and few faults is selected as the upper reservoir, and a location with good geographical conditions and close to the upper reservoir is selected between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir as the location of the water storage reservoir, so as to make full use of the natural terrain, make it convenient for water storage, and reduce additional power requirements in water flow scheduling.

[0035] Specifically, the upper reservoir is close to the Letan lower reservoir of the Hongshui River in Tian'e, Guangxi. The vertical distance between the water pit and the lower reservoir is a first preset distance of 2 km, which can meet the drop in height while effectively saving construction costs.

[0036] S2, reservoir site selection: select a reservoir between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir, the horizontal distance between the reservoir and the upper reservoir is the second preset distance, and the vertical distance is the third preset distance, the second preset distance is d2, the third preset distance is d3, d1>d2, d3 <d2<d1;

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the water storage reservoir is located between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir and is close to the upper reservoir. The horizontal distance between the water storage reservoir and the upper reservoir is the second preset distance, which is 1.1 km, and the vertical distance is the third preset distance of 0.8 km. In this way, on the one hand, water can be stored in the upper reservoir.

[0038] S3, construction of gravity tunnel and installation of drainage pipe: a tunnel is constructed between the lowest point of the upper reservoir and the water storage reservoir, and a drainage pipe is installed in the tunnel, with the outlet of the drainage pipe located above the water storage reservoir;

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, a rock drilling jumbo is used to drill a gravity flow tunnel from the inner wall of the storage reservoir to the lowest point of the upper reservoir. A drain pipe is installed in the tunnel and is inclined relative to the horizontal plane and inclined towards the storage reservoir side, which is conducive to water discharge and facilitates observing whether there is water leakage.

[0040] Further, the gradient of the gravity flow tunnel is 1 / 1000, which can effectively discharge the leaked water. It can be understood that in order to effectively detect whether there is water leakage, the drain pipe is located at the lowest point of the upper reservoir, and the water inlet is provided with a larger area, and this area can be designed according to the actual situation, so that if there is water leakage, the water leakage can be effectively detected.

[0041] S4. Detection: Pump the water in the upper reservoir to the storage reservoir, and then drain the water in the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir in turn. After each drainage, a preset time is set, and it is jointly determined whether there is water seepage and the location of water seepage by detecting whether there is water in the drain pipe and the change of the water level in the upper reservoir.

[0042] In the present invention, the S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0043] S41. Obtain the depth and the maximum diameter of the upper reservoir. The depth of the upper reservoir is denoted as d4, and the maximum diameter is denoted as d5;

[0044] S42. Drain the water in the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir. Pump water multiple times, and the depth increases successively each time. The number of pumping times is n times, and the water addition depth each time is d6, where n = d4 / (d5 * π + 2 * d5). When n is greater than 1, n takes an integer; when 0 < n < 1, n = 1, and d6 = d4 / n;

[0045] S43. Observe whether there is water in the drain pipe after each water discharge and a preset time is set, and survey whether the reservoir water level changes. When there is water seepage in the drain pipe and the reservoir water level changes, it is determined that there is water seepage.

[0046] When it is determined that there is water seepage, the monitoring point needs to be leak repaired and then monitored again. The specific leak repair method can be: by mixing a gelling material and water to form a solid to block the crack. The gelling material includes inorganic materials such as cement and lime, and organic materials such as resin and polymer emulsion. In actual operation, parameters such as the concentration of the slurry, the gel time, and the ratio need to be controlled to achieve the best leak plugging effect.

[0047] In the present invention, a centrifugal pump is provided on the drain pipe between the storage reservoir and the upper reservoir.

[0048] In the present invention, it is necessary to pump water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir. At this time, a drain pipe is provided between the storage reservoir and the lower reservoir. In order to better pressurize, a plurality of multistage pumps are provided on the drain pipe.

[0049] The effective cost control and accurate segmented detection method of the present invention can quickly form a reservoir that can operate safely before the project is put into use. This segmented detection method greatly improves the detection efficiency and accuracy, allowing leakage problems to be discovered and handled at an early stage, reducing subsequent maintenance costs and resource consumption, and shortening the construction period.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the second embodiment of the present invention, a method for exploring anti-seepage and plugging of a reservoir by using a natural stone pit to pump water down is proposed. The survey method comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1, selection of the site of the upper reservoir: selecting a natural water pit as the upper reservoir, the vertical distance between the reservoir and the lower reservoir is a first preset distance, and the first preset distance is d1;

[0053] Specifically, the upper reservoir is close to the Letan Lower Reservoir on the Hongshui River in Tian'e, Guangxi. The vertical distance between the water pit and the lower reservoir is within the first preset distance of 2.5 km, which can meet the drop and effectively save construction costs.

[0054] S2, reservoir site selection: select a reservoir between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir, the horizontal distance between the reservoir and the upper reservoir is the second preset distance, and the vertical distance is the third preset distance, the second preset distance is d2, the third preset distance is d3, d1>d2, d3 <d2<d1;

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, the water storage reservoir is located between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir and is close to the upper reservoir. The horizontal distance between the water storage reservoir and the upper reservoir is a second preset distance of 1.5 km, and the vertical distance is a third preset distance of 1 km. This can store water for the upper reservoir.

[0056] S3, construction of gravity tunnel and installation of drainage pipe: a tunnel is constructed between the lowest point of the upper reservoir and the water storage reservoir, and a drainage pipe is installed in the tunnel, with the outlet of the drainage pipe located above the water storage reservoir;

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, a drilling rig is used to drill a gravity tunnel from the inner wall of the reservoir to the lowest point of the upper reservoir. A drainage pipe is installed in the tunnel and is inclined relative to the horizontal plane and inclined toward one side of the reservoir. This is beneficial to the discharge of water and makes it easy to observe whether there is any leakage.

[0058] Further, the gradient of the gravity flow tunnel is 1 / 1000, which can effectively drain the leaked water. It can be understood that in order to effectively detect whether there is water leakage, the drain pipe is located at the lowest point of the upper reservoir, and the water inlet is set with a relatively large area, and the area can be designed according to the actual situation, so that if there is water leakage, the water leakage can be effectively detected.

[0059] S4. Detection: Pump the water in the upper reservoir to the storage reservoir, and then drain the water in the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir in turn. After each drainage, a preset time is set, and it is determined whether there is water seepage and the location of water seepage by jointly detecting whether there is water in the drain pipe and the change of the water level in the upper reservoir.

[0060] In this embodiment, S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] S41. Obtain the depth and the maximum diameter of the upper reservoir. The depth of the upper reservoir is denoted as d4, and the maximum diameter is denoted as d5;

[0062] S42. Drain the water in the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir. Pump water multiple times, and the depth increases successively each time. The number of pumping times is n times, and the water addition depth each time is d6, where n = d4 / (d5 * π + 2 * d5). When n is greater than 1, n takes an integer; when 0 < n < 1, n = 1, and d6 = d4 / n;

[0063] S43. Observe whether there is water in the drain pipe after each drainage and a preset time is set, and detect whether the water level of the reservoir changes. When there is water seepage in the drain pipe and the water level of the reservoir changes, it is determined that there is water seepage.

[0064] When it is determined that there is water seepage, it is necessary to repair the leak at the monitoring point and then conduct another monitoring. The specific leak repair method can be: mixing the gelling material and water to form a solid to block the crack. The gelling material includes inorganic materials such as cement and lime, as well as organic materials such as resin and polymer emulsion. In actual operation, it is necessary to control parameters such as the concentration of the slurry, the gel time, and the ratio to achieve the best leak-proof effect.

[0065] In the present invention, a centrifugal pump is provided on the drain pipe between the storage reservoir and the upper reservoir.

[0066] In the present invention, it is necessary to pump water from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir. At this time, a drain pipe is provided between the storage reservoir and the lower reservoir, and in order to better pressurize, a plurality of multi-stage pumps are provided on the drain pipe.

[0067] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit to explore anti-seepage and plugging leaks in a reservoir, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps; S1, Upper reservoir site selection: Select a natural water pit as the upper reservoir. The vertical distance between this water pit and the lower reservoir is the first preset distance, which is d1. A hydropower station is built in the lower reservoir; S2, Storage reservoir site selection: Select a storage reservoir between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir. The horizontal distance between the storage reservoir and the upper reservoir is the second preset distance, and the vertical distance is the third preset distance. The second preset distance is d2, and the third preset distance is d3, where d1 > d2 and d3 < d2 < d1; S3, Construct a gravity tunnel and install a drain pipe: Drill a gravity tunnel between the lowest point of the upper reservoir and the storage reservoir, and install a drain pipe in the tunnel. The discharge outlet of the drain pipe is located above the storage reservoir; S4, Detection: Pump the water in the upper reservoir to the storage reservoir, and then drain the water in the storage reservoir back to the upper reservoir in turn. After each drainage, a preset time is placed, and it is jointly determined whether there is water seepage and the seepage location by detecting whether there is water in the drain pipe and the change of the water level in the upper reservoir.

2. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41, Obtain the depth and maximum diameter of the upper reservoir. The depth of the upper reservoir is denoted as d4, and the maximum diameter is denoted as d5; S42, Drain the water in the storage reservoir to the upper reservoir. Pump water multiple times, with the depth increasing依次 each time. The number of pumping times is n times, and the water addition depth each time is d6, where n = d4 / (d5*π + 2*d5). When n > 1, n takes an integer; when 0 < n < 1, n = 1, and d6 = d4 / n; S43, Observe whether there is water in the drain pipe after each water discharge and place a preset time, and survey whether the reservoir water level changes. When there is water seepage in the drain pipe and the reservoir water level changes, it is determined that there is water seepage.

3. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The drain pipe is inclined relative to the horizontal plane and inclined towards the storage reservoir.

4. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The gravity tunnel has a slope of 1 / 1000.

5. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The lowest point of the upper reservoir is higher than the highest water level of the storage reservoir.

6. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: A flow valve is provided at the discharge outlet of the drain pipe.

7. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: A centrifugal pump is provided at the discharge outlet of the drain pipe.

8. The method for pumping down a reservoir using a natural stone pit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: A drain pipe and multiple multi-stage pumps are provided between the lower reservoir and the storage reservoir.

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