Plant-based water-based fully-synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant-based aqueous total synthesis cutting fluid for metal processing and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal processing fluids, the raw materials comprise plant-based fatty acid, organic amine, organic acid, a plant fatty acid polymer, a lubricant, a bactericide, a corrosion inhibition inhibitor, an antifoaming agent and water. The plant-based cutting fluid is produced by replacing fossil product raw materials with plant-based raw materials, has the advantages of simple and easily available raw materials, abundant resources, reproducibility, biodegradability and the like, has super lubricating performance, can prolong the service life of a cutter, and is suitable for industrial production. The cutting fluid keeps and even exceeds the processing and using effects of the traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluid, and is the best substitute of mineral oil-based products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metalworking fluids, and in particular to a plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metalworking and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, metal cutting fluids are still produced with petroleum products as the main raw materials, accounting for about 90% of the total. However, petroleum products have poor biodegradability, and long-term retention in water and soil will seriously affect the growth of aquatic plants and animals, agricultural irrigation and domestic water. Therefore, reducing the proportion of petroleum products as the main component of metal cutting fluids is of certain significance for reducing carbon emissions and promoting the low-carbon transformation of the manufacturing industry. As an important application material in the mechanical processing industry, metal cutting fluids also need to implement emission reduction targets in the development, use, maintenance, and treatment of metal cutting fluids.

[0003] Prior art CN 202011543054.4 discloses "A high-quality low-oil mist plant-based oil microemulsified cutting fluid and its preparation method", which uses plant-based oil instead of petrochemical mineral oil and is a microemulsion product. Its dilution is slightly milky white, and the subsequent workpiece cleaning pressure is high. Aluminum alloy corrosion inhibition is mainly achieved by adding phosphorus-containing corrosion inhibitors using ASI80.

[0004] Application number CN202111274241.1 discloses "A long-term corrosion-inhibiting aluminum alloy cutting fluid", which uses plant-based synthetic esters and epoxy soybean oil. The lubricant is a modified form of epoxy vegetable oil. The corrosion inhibition performance of the product on aluminum alloys ADC12 and 7075 is mainly achieved by adding aluminum corrosion inhibitor siloxane modifiers. Even if the product has a 5% pH value of 9.45, it has a good corrosion inhibition effect on ADC12. It contains phosphorus elements and does not contain antibacterial agents, which limits the use cycle of the working fluid.

[0005] Application No. CN202410419454 discloses "A water-based cutting fluid for aluminum alloy and its preparation method". This invention is a water-based cutting fluid for aluminum alloy, wherein the extreme pressure agent in Examples 1-10 is borate ester and phosphate ester. For customers exporting products to the EU, there are restrictions on boron content; phosphorus-containing products have restrictions on the discharge of working fluids. The Ph value is mainly between 7.2-7.7, which is beneficial to the corrosion inhibition of aluminum alloy, but not conducive to rust prevention inside the machine.

[0006] Therefore, a plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for non-ferrous metal and ferrous metal processing and a preparation method thereof are provided, and plant-based raw materials are used instead of petroleum products as the main raw material for manufacturing cutting fluids. The development and promotion of plant-based cutting fluids will inevitably reduce the use of fossil products and increase the use of plant-based raw materials, thereby promoting the cultivation and development of crops. This is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides an aqueous fully synthetic plant-based cutting fluid for non-ferrous metals, especially aluminum alloys and ferrous metal processing. The plant-based cutting fluid does not contain mineral oil, and its main components come from plant-based raw materials. It is a low-carbon and easily degradable metal cutting fluid, which solves the problems of traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluids, such as difficulty in waste treatment, difficulty in recycling and reuse, difficulty in degradation of main components, and high carbon emission data.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A plant-based water-based fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10%-30% of plant-based fatty acid, 1%-20% of organic amine, 1%-10% of organic acid, 5-15% of plant fatty acid polymer, 5-20% of lubricant, 0-5% of bactericide, 0-1% of corrosion inhibitor, 0-1% of defoamer, and the balance is water.

[0010] Furthermore, the organic acid is a mixture of any one or more of C7-C9 monocarboxylic acids, C6-C12 dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids.

[0011] Furthermore, the C7-C9 unit carboxylic acid is heptanoic acid, n-octanoic acid, n-nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, isononanoic acid, neodecanoic acid and isomeric decanoic acid.

[0012] Preferably, the C7-C9 monocarboxylic acid is isononanoic acid and neodecanoic acid.

[0013] Furthermore, the C6-C12 dicarboxylic acid is adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecane dicarboxylic acid, or dodecanedicarboxylic acid.

[0014] Preferably, the C6-C12 dicarboxylic acid is sebacic acid or undecanedicarboxylic acid.

[0015] Further, the organic amine is any one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, diglycolamine, triisopropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanolamine, diisopropanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, 2,2'-(cyclohexylimino)diethanol.

[0016] Furthermore, the lubricant is a mixture of one or more of EO / PO block polyether, trans-EO / PO block polyether, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-400, and polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-600.

[0017] Furthermore, the plant-based fatty acid is castor oil fatty acid, tall oil fatty acid, vegetable oil acid or dimeric carboxylic acid.

[0018] The plant-based polyester is ricinoleic acid ester with a molecular weight of 800-2000 and an acid value of 25-110 mgKOH / g.

[0019] Furthermore, the corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole or mercaptobenzothiazole.

[0020] Further, the fungicide is any one or two of isothiazolinone and its derivatives, sodium pyrithione, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate, polyoxyethylene dimethyl iminium chloride.

[0021] Preferably, the fungicide is isothiazolinone and its derivatives.

[0022] Furthermore, the defoaming agent is a three-dimensional silicone mixture.

[0023] Preferably, the defoaming agent is MS575 and / or AFE1247.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing, comprising the following steps:

[0025] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the above mass percentages, then add the organic amine while taking 10% of the total mass of water and stirring, stir at 40-50° C. and 100 rpm / min for 1 hour, then add the fatty acid and corrosion inhibitor, and continue stirring for 1 hour;

[0026] (2) adding polyether, lubricant, bactericide and the balance of water to the liquid obtained in step (1), and stirring at 100 rpm / min for 2 h;

[0027] (3) Add defoaming agent to the liquid obtained in step (2), stir at 100 rpm / min for 10 min, and cool to room temperature to obtain a finished product.

[0028] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the present invention uses plant-based raw materials to replace fossil raw materials to produce plant-based cutting fluid, which replaces traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluid. It not only has the advantages of simple and easy availability of raw materials, abundant resources, renewable and biodegradable, but also the plant-based cutting fluid has super lubrication properties, can extend the life of the tool, maintain or even exceed the processing and use effect of traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluid, and is the best substitute for mineral oil-based products.

[0029] The mineral oil-free and eco-friendly water-based fully synthetic plant-based cutting fluid developed by the present invention can perfectly replace the traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluid for use in the processing technology of non-ferrous metals, especially aluminum alloys and ferrous metals, and fundamentally solves the problems of traditional mineral oil-based cutting fluids, such as being unfriendly to the environment, difficult waste liquid treatment, difficult degradation of main components, high carbon emission data, and oil mist in intensive workshops.

[0030] The present invention adopts lubricants derived from vegetable oils, which can reduce the carbon emission data of the entire life cycle of the cutting fluid while meeting the processing requirements of non-ferrous metals, especially aluminum alloys and ferrous metals. In addition, since it is a fully synthetic product, the product is easy to recycle and reuse, the main components are easy to degrade, and it is more environmentally friendly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present invention, the plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing is prepared by the following steps:

[0033] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the above mass percentages, then add 10% of the total mass of water and stir while adding the organic amine, stir at 45° C. for 1 hour, then add the fatty acid and corrosion inhibitor, and continue stirring for 1 hour;

[0034] (2) adding a plant-based lubricant, a lubricant, a fungicide and the remainder of water to the liquid obtained in step (1); stirring for 2 hours;

[0035] (3) Add defoaming agent to the liquid obtained in step (2), stir for 10 minutes, and cool to room temperature to obtain cutting fluid.

[0036] In the present invention, the raw materials are selected according to the mass percentages shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1

[0038] Raw material name Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 water 10 10 10 10 Dodecanoic acid 1.5 0 0 0 Sebacic acid 0 1.5 0.8 1 Undecanoic acid 0 1.5 0.8 0 Tricarboxylic acid (50%) 2 0 1.5 0 Triethanolamine 7 7.2 8.6 8.3 Monoethanolamine 2.8 2.8 0 2 Diglycolamine 0 0 5 0 Neodecanoic acid 0 0 1.6 0 Isononanoic acid 0.5 0.5 0 0 Octanoic acid 0 0 0 1.5 Dimer carboxylic acid 2.5 4.4 0 2.5 Oleic acid 0 0 3.5 0 Dicyclohexylamine 0 1.6 0 0 Benzotriazole 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 EO / PO block polyether L61 10 15 6.8 8 PEG400 0 0 6.8 0 Plant-based polyester 20 0 0 0 Castor fatty acid polyester 0 10.5 9 10 water 41.5 42.8 43.4 55 Benzisothiazolinone (20%) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Methylisothiazolinone (50%) 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 MS575 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 AFE1247 0 0 0 0.2

[0039] Test Example 1

[0040] The products prepared in Examples 1-4 were tested according to GB / T 6144-2010, and the test results are as follows.

[0041] Table 2

[0042]

[0043] Test Example 2

[0044] High temperature aluminum corrosion test: In order to test the corrosion inhibition performance of the product of the present invention on commonly used aluminum alloys 5 series, 6 series, 7 series, and die-cast aluminum, the cutting fluid of Examples 1-4 was diluted to 10% with deionized water, and the polished alloy material was soaked in the prepared dilution solution and placed in a constant temperature of 55±1℃ for 3 hours. After the experiment, the workpiece was taken out, the residual liquid on the surface of the workpiece was wiped off, and compared with the newly polished material. If there is no obvious darkening or discoloration compared with the newly polished material, it is judged to be qualified.

[0045] Table 3

[0046]

[0047] Test Example 3

[0048] The iron chip anti-rust test is carried out according to the IP287 standard using 200ppm synthetic hard water.

[0049] Table 4

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] The results show that the products of Examples 1-3 meet the corrosion inhibition requirements of 5052 / 6003 / 7003 aluminum alloy and ADC12 die-cast aluminum, and the rust level is 0 at a concentration of 6%, which can meet the requirements of machine rust prevention and ferrous metal processing corrosion inhibition.

[0053] Example 4 meets the corrosion inhibition requirements of 5052 / 6003 / 7003 aluminum alloy and ADC12 die-cast aluminum; the rust grade is level 3 at a concentration of 6%, and the rust resistance to ferrous metals is slightly poor.

[0054] Test Example 4

[0055] The product prepared in Example 4 of the present invention was sent to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for certification, and passed the USDA certification on March 3, 2023. The USDA laboratory tested the biobased carbon content of the product of the present invention to be 49%, which meets the requirement that the biobased carbon content of high-performance bio-based cutting fluid is ≥ 40%, and is recognized as a bio-based cutting fluid.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10%-30% of plant-based fatty acid, 1%-20% of organic amine, 1%-10% of organic acid, 5%-15% of plant fatty acid polymer, 5%-20% of lubricant, 0%-5% of bactericide, 0%-1% of corrosion inhibitor, 0%-1% of defoaming agent and the balance is water.

2. A plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic acid is a mixture of any one or more of C7-C9 monocarboxylic acids, C6-C12 dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids.

3. A plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic amine is any one or more of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, isopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanolamine, diisopropanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, dicycloalkanolamine, and 2,2'-(cyclohexylimino)diethanol.

4. The plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is a mixture of one or more of EO / PO block polyether, trans-EO / PO block polyether, polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-400, and polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 200-600.

5. The plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant-based fatty acid is castor oil fatty acid, tall oil fatty acid, vegetable oil acid or dimeric carboxylic acid The plant fatty acid polymer is ricinoleic acid ester with a molecular weight of 800-2000.

6. The plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrosion inhibitor is benzotriazole, methylbenzotriazole or mercaptobenzothiazole.

7. A plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bactericide is any one or two of isothiazolinone and its derivatives, sodium pyrithione, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate and polyoxyethylene dimethyliminium chloride.

8. The plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The defoamer is a three-dimensional silicone mixture.

9. A method for preparing a plant-based aqueous fully synthetic cutting fluid for metal processing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentages described in any one of claims 1 to 8, then add 10% of the total mass of water and stir while adding the organic amine, stir at 40-50° C. and 100 rpm / min for 1 hour, then add the fatty acid and corrosion inhibitor, and continue stirring for 1 hour; (2) adding a lubricant, a bactericide and the remainder of water to the liquid obtained in step (1), and stirring at 100 rpm / min for 2 h; (3) Add defoaming agent to the liquid obtained in step (2), stir at 100 rpm / min for 10 min, and cool to room temperature to obtain a finished product.

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