Method for quantitatively detecting deformation of structural member and related equipment

Abstract

The invention provides related equipment for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural member, which comprises a laser detection part, a supporting and adjusting part and a control and processing part, and is characterized in that the laser detection part is used for obtaining laser position images before and after deformation of the surface of the plate-shaped structural member, and the supporting and adjusting part is used for supporting the laser detection part; the control and processing part is used for adjusting the position relation between the supporting and adjusting part and the plate-shaped structural part through the position adjusting signal, processing the laser position images before and after deformation and calculating the deformation of the plate-shaped structural part. The deformation detection device designed by the invention is simple in operation steps, and deformation measurement work can be completed on site by holding the device by a single person. The quantitative evaluation method is provided for the deformation degree of the equipment plate-shaped structural member in the petrochemical field, whether the deformation degree exceeds the deformation threshold value range or not is automatically judged according to the quantitative result of deformation, and meanwhile the deformation result is fed back.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical large and medium-sized structural parts measurement, and is applied to structural parts deformation degree detection and evaluation, and specifically to a method for quantitatively detecting structural parts deformation and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] Blades are key structural parts of mechanical equipment such as smoke exhausters, fans, steam turbines, generators, and main fans. During service, blades not only have to withstand strong gas or liquid pressure loads, but also have to withstand gas or liquid scouring, sand and gravel particle impact, mechanical vibration during production, and erosion by corrosive media in refining and oil refining equipment, which can cause geometric deformation of the blades themselves. Once deformation occurs, it will cause the blades to break or separate, directly affecting the performance of the entire machine and leading to serious accidents. Therefore, it is very important to inspect the deformation characteristics and surface quality of the blades in a timely manner.

[0003] At present, the common deformation measurement method of structural parts is the deformation measurement method based on sensors. This method uses contact sensors such as dial indicators or micrometers, wire displacement meters, and resistive strain gauges. Sensors or patches are buried in the structure, and then connected to the strain gauge for measurement. The sensors used in this method need to contact the object being measured, have a certain impact on the physical properties of the object being measured, and are troublesome to install; the number of measurement points is limited, and they can usually only be installed in certain key parts, and can only obtain local or relative deformation information, and cannot fully reflect the displacement of the object being measured after the deformation occurs. The traditional contact measurement method interferes with the measurement object itself, and the measurement system layout is cumbersome and the measurement points are limited. It cannot meet the needs of full-field and high-precision measurement of the deformation of large structural morphology.

[0004] Compared with traditional structural component inspection methods, optical measurement has the advantages of non-contact, multiple measurable points, high precision, and dynamic measurement, and can meet the large-scale measurement and inspection requirements of large blade structural components. Among them, the large scale requires that the non-contact measurement equipment can inspect the entire surface structure of the entire structural component, and the high precision requires that the non-contact measurement equipment has high spatial resolution.

[0005] At present, researchers at home and abroad have conducted extensive research on optical 3D detection technology. OGP (Optical Gaging products, inc) is a global manufacturer of non-contact multi-source sensing 3D measuring instruments. It uses non-contact optical measuring instruments to measure 3D geometric dimensions and form and position tolerances. The system first enlarges the object to be measured by an optical magnification system, and then collects the influencing features through a CCD camera and sends them to the computer to obtain the contour and external dimensions, angles and positions of the measured parts. However, the maximum measurement range (XYZ) of this product is 450mm×610mm×200mm, which is very limited and only suitable for 3D measurement of small workpieces. The XJTUSD static deformation measurement system developed by Xi'an Jiaotong University in China uses a high-resolution SLR digital camera to take multiple images of the object before and after deformation, calculate the 3D coordinates of the key points of the object, and obtain the data of each state of the object. However, when the system measures objects of 100 meters, its measurement accuracy is only 0.1m, which cannot meet the requirements of high-precision measurement.

[0006] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part and related equipment. Summary of the invention

[0007] In response to the problems of the current existing technology, the present invention provides a related device for quantitative detection of deformation of structural parts, wherein the device comprises: a laser detection unit, a support and adjustment unit, and a control and processing unit, wherein the laser detection unit is used to obtain a laser position image before and after the surface of the plate-like structural part is deformed, the support and adjustment unit is used to support the laser detection unit, and the control and processing unit is used to adjust the positional relationship between the support and adjustment unit and the plate-like structural part through a position adjustment signal, and process the laser position image before and after the deformation to calculate the deformation of the plate-like structural part.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the laser detection unit includes: a laser projector, a laser receiving plate, and a camera, wherein the laser projector is used to project laser onto the laser receiving plate, and the camera is used to capture the laser spot image projected by the laser projector onto the laser receiving plate before and after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed, as the laser position image.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the supporting and adjusting part comprises: an adjustable fixing bracket and a base unit, wherein the laser projector is fixed on the base unit by the adjustable fixing bracket and placed horizontally, and its projection port is flush with the side end surface of the base unit shell.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the height of the adjustable fixing bracket is adjustable, and the fixing method is two-leg fixing, three-leg fixing or multi-leg fixing.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the camera is fixed on the base unit and is arranged at a position that does not block the projection port of the laser projector.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the supporting and adjusting part includes: a flexible telescopic unit, which can be telescopically changed according to the length of the plate-like structure, one end of which is connected and fixed to the base unit, and the other end is connected and fixed at a right angle to the bottom of the laser receiving plate.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible telescopic unit is marked with scales, and the zero scale is located at the intersection of the laser receiving plate and the flexible telescopic unit. When the flexible telescopic unit is in a non-expanded state, it is rolled up and located inside the base unit; when it is in an extended use state, it is pulled out and extends forward along the surface shape of the plate-like structural member.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control and processing unit includes: a telescopic control unit, which is arranged on the base unit and is used to send the position adjustment signal to control the movement and stop of the flexible telescopic unit.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control and processing unit includes: a signal processing unit, which is arranged on the base unit and is used to process the laser position image before and after the deformation, and calculate the deformation amount and deflection angle of the plate-like structural member.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing unit includes: an alarm unit, which is used to determine whether to issue a warning prompt message based on the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member and a deformation degree threshold.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component, which is performed by a device as described in any one of the above items, and the method comprises:

[0018] The laser detection unit is used to obtain a laser position image of the surface of the plate-like structural member before and after deformation occurs;

[0019] Supporting the laser detection part by the supporting and adjusting part;

[0020] The control and processing unit adjusts the positional relationship between the support and adjustment unit and the plate-like structural member through the position adjustment signal, processes the laser position image before and after the deformation, and calculates the deformation of the plate-like structural member.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the laser detection unit includes a laser projector, a laser receiving plate, and a camera; the support and adjustment unit includes an adjustable fixed bracket, a base unit, and a flexible telescopic unit; the control and processing unit includes a telescopic control unit and a signal processing unit. The laser position image before deformation is obtained by the following steps:

[0022] The related equipment for quantitative detection of deformation of structural parts is placed horizontally, the laser projector is used to project the laser, and the laser receiving plate is used to receive the laser spot;

[0023] The camera captures an image of the laser receiving plate placed perpendicular to the horizontal plane and an image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate;

[0024] The light spot position at this time is recorded by the signal processing unit as a position reference point during deformation measurement.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the laser detection unit includes a laser projector, a laser receiving plate, and a camera; the support and adjustment unit includes an adjustable fixed bracket, a base unit, and a flexible telescopic unit; the control and processing unit includes a telescopic control unit and a signal processing unit. The laser position image after deformation is obtained by the following steps:

[0026] Placing the base unit against the edge of the plate-like structural member;

[0027] Turning on the telescopic control unit to control the flexible telescopic unit to extend along the surface of the plate-like structure until the laser receiving plate reaches a desired measurement position;

[0028] Projecting laser light through the laser projector and receiving the laser light spot through the laser receiving plate;

[0029] The camera captures the image of the laser receiving plate and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate at this time;

[0030] The signal processing unit records the light spot position and the extension length of the flexible telescopic unit at this time.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises:

[0032] The control and processing unit processes the laser position image before and after the deformation to calculate the deformation amount and deflection angle of the plate-like structural member;

[0033] Through the control and processing unit, it is determined whether to issue a warning prompt message according to the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member and the deformation degree threshold.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member is calculated by the following expression:

[0035]

[0036] Wherein, Δy represents the deformation of the plate-like structural member; X1 represents the height of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate after the deformation occurs; D represents the height of the laser projector; and L represents the length of the plate-like structural member that is horizontal and has not been deformed.

[0037] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the deflection angle of the plate-like structural member is calculated by the following expression:

[0038]

[0039] Wherein, α represents the deflection angle of the plate-like structural member; X1 represents the height of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate after deformation occurs; D represents the height of the laser projector; and L represents the length of the plate-like structural member that is horizontal and has not been deformed.

[0040] According to another aspect of the present invention, a storage medium is provided, which contains a series of instructions for executing the method steps as described in any one of the above.

[0041] The present invention provides a method and related equipment for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part, which has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0042] 1) In the prior art, deformation detection of plate-like structural parts usually requires the intervention of complex detection instruments and professional analysts to make result judgments, which greatly increases the detection cost and the difficulty of popularization. The deformation detection device designed in the present invention has simple operation steps, and a single person can complete the deformation measurement work on site with a handheld device.

[0043] 2) The present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for the deformation degree of plate-like structural parts of equipment in the petrochemical field, and automatically determines whether it exceeds the deformation threshold range based on the quantitative results of the deformation, and at the same time feeds back the deformation results.

[0044] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0046] Figure 1A schematic structural diagram of a device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] Figure 2 A flowchart showing the steps of a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the positions of related equipment before and after the surface of a plate-like structural member is deformed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the position of the laser spot before and after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of deformation calculation of a plate-like structural member according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0051] In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components. In addition, the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale.

[0052] The meanings of the various figure marks in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1-laser projector; 2-camera; 3-adjustable fixed bracket; 4-base unit; 5-flexible telescopic unit; 6-laser receiving board; 7-telescopic control unit; 8-signal processing unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] At present, researchers at home and abroad have conducted extensive research on optical three-dimensional detection technology.

[0055] The prior art (CN106931937B) belongs to the field of laser detection technology, and relates to a method and device for multi-point laser measurement of plane spatial deflection. The present invention uses multiple parallel non-collinear laser beams with known positional relationships to form multiple spots on the target surface, and the laser beams are perpendicular to the plane to be measured, so that two or more laser beams arranged in a straight line are located in a horizontal plane, and the target surface is set in the vertical direction, the laser spot is detected, the center coordinates of the laser spot are calculated, the horizontal and vertical distances of the center of the laser spot are calculated, and compared with the known horizontal and vertical distances of the laser beam, the spatial deflection of the plane to be measured is calculated; the spatial angle of the target surface is changed, and the above-mentioned target surface is rotated around the vertical axis and the horizontal axis by an angle respectively, and then the horizontal and vertical distances of the center of the laser spot are calculated respectively, and the calculation results of the two groups before and after the rotation are compared to obtain the spatial deflection direction of the plane to be measured. The present invention has the advantages of high degree of automation, large measurement range, high efficiency and low cost.

[0056] However, the prior art uses laser detection technology to measure the angles of the object to be measured relative to the plane to be measured in the horizontal and vertical directions. It can only measure the angle of the object to be measured relative to the plane to be measured. It still has limitations for the deformation geometry measurement of a blade group containing multiple blade groups and the local deformation geometry measurement of the upper and lower surfaces of the blades.

[0057] The prior art (CN111156925B) provides a large component 3D measurement method based on line structured light and industrial robots. The 3D measurement consists of two parts, namely, the acquisition of 3D data for a single measurement and the splicing of 3D data between multiple measurements. The present invention combines the line structured light 3D measurement technology and the robot hand-eye calibration technology. The line structured light 3D measurement system is used to obtain 3D data for a single measurement, and the robot hand-eye calibration realizes the splicing of 3D data between multiple measurements. The present invention uses a binocular camera to assist in the calibration method of a monocular line structured light plane, which simplifies the line calibration process and improves the accuracy of line reconstruction. The spatial circle fitting method is used to fit the center coordinates of the standard sphere, so that the light plane can be any plane equation, which expands the scope of application of the standard sphere hand-eye calibration method. The measurement method of the present invention can accurately reconstruct the target 3D point cloud model.

[0058] However, this prior art requires the use of additional robots to measure large structural parts, which increases the complexity of robot design and construction, and is not conducive to measuring and testing blades and blade units at production sites such as petrochemicals, refineries, and oil refining.

[0059] The prior art (CN111426282B) relates to the technical field of sealing surface measurement defect recognition, and specifically discloses a sealing surface error assessment defect recognition method based on optical measurement point cloud. The method includes: 1. Collecting point cloud data of the main pump flange sealing surface; 2. Preprocessing the point cloud data; 5. Based on the point cloud data of the main pump flange sealing surface, performing defect recognition; 5.1. Establishing an error chromatogram; 5.2. Using the color transformation gradient of the error chromatogram, obtaining the closed area surrounded by pixel points whose gradient transformation exceeds the threshold, and realizing automatic recognition of sealing surface defects. This method overcomes the defect that the existing measurement methods cannot realize in-situ, high-precision, and high-efficiency automated measurement; at the same time, based on the measurement of the original point cloud data, the 2D size error and roundness / flatness error of the parts are automatically evaluated, and surface defects are identified, which simplifies the process of data processing and error evaluation, improves efficiency and accuracy, and overcomes the disadvantage of the difficulty of obtaining depth information in traditional methods.

[0060] However, the measurement route of the prior art needs to measure the measured surface along the predetermined guide rail of the fixed guide rail. For large blade structures with non-planar shapes, this method is no longer applicable.

[0061] Prior art (CN112796957B) provides a method, device and equipment for detecting wind turbine blades. Prior art (CN106500613B) provides a device and system for monitoring blade deformation of wind power generation equipment. Prior art (CN111043949B) provides a device for detecting the tip clearance of turbine blades. Prior art (CN112963315B) provides a blade, detection device and method for a wind turbine generator set. Prior art (Research on deformation measurement algorithm of megawatt-class wind turbine blades based on inertial network. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(10), 186-191.) provides a research on deformation measurement algorithm of megawatt-class wind turbine blades based on inertial network. Prior art (Laser overlapping three-dimensional reconstruction of damaged blades of aircraft engines. Progress in Laser and Optoelectronics, 2020, 57(16), 9.) provides a. However, the above-mentioned existing technologies cannot solve the problem that complex testing instruments and equipment and the intervention of professional analysts are required to make result judgments when detecting the deformation of plate-like structural parts, nor can they solve the problem that traditional optical-based deformation detection methods need to rely on the establishment of a large number of standard sample models to obtain deformation results.

[0062] Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the existing deformation detection of structural parts requires the intervention of complex detection instruments and professional analysts to make deformation result judgments, and also to solve the problem that the traditional optical-based deformation detection method needs to rely on the establishment of a large number of standard sample models to obtain deformation results, the present invention proposes a single-person handheld deformation detection device and a deformation quantitative evaluation method.

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a device related to quantitative detection of deformation of a structural component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0064] A device related to quantitative detection of deformation of a structural part, comprising: a laser detection unit, a support and adjustment unit, and a control and processing unit. Specifically, the laser detection unit is used to obtain a laser position image before and after deformation of the surface of a plate-like structural part. The support and adjustment unit is used to support the laser detection unit. The control and processing unit is used to adjust the positional relationship between the support and adjustment unit and the plate-like structural part through a position adjustment signal, and to process the laser position image before and after deformation to calculate the deformation of the plate-like structural part.

[0065] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the laser detection unit includes: a laser projector 1, a laser receiving plate 6, and a camera 2. Specifically, the laser projector 1 is used to project laser light to the laser receiving plate 6, and the laser receiving plate 6 is used to receive the laser spot emitted by the laser projector 1. The camera 2 is used to capture the laser spot image projected by the laser projector 1 onto the laser receiving plate 6 before and after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed, as a laser position image.

[0066] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the support and adjustment part includes: an adjustable fixing bracket 3 and a base unit 4. Specifically, the laser projector 1 is fixed on the base unit 4 through the adjustable fixing bracket 3 and placed horizontally, and its projection port is flush with the side end surface of the base unit 4 shell.

[0067] Furthermore, the height of the adjustable fixing bracket 3 is adjustable, and the fixing method is two-leg fixing, three-leg fixing or multi-leg fixing. Specifically, the laser projector 1 and the camera 2 are fixedly connected to the cylindrical rod of the adjustable fixing bracket 3. The cylindrical rod of the adjustable fixing bracket 3 can be telescopic for use to adjust the height. After adjusting to a certain height, the height is fixed using a snap-on structure.

[0068] Furthermore, the camera 2 is fixed on the base unit 4 and is arranged at a position that does not block the projection port of the laser projector 1 .

[0069] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the support and adjustment part includes: a flexible telescopic unit 5, which can be telescopically changed according to the length of the plate-like structure, one end of which is connected and fixed to the base unit 4, and the other end is connected and fixed at a right angle to the bottom of the laser receiving plate 6.

[0070] Furthermore, the flexible telescopic unit 5 is marked with a scale, and the zero scale is located at the intersection of the laser receiving plate 6 and the flexible telescopic unit 5. When the flexible telescopic unit 5 is in a non-telescopic state, it is rolled up and located inside the base unit 4; when it is in an extended use state, it is pulled out and extends forward along the surface shape of the plate-like structure. In addition, when the object to be measured is a blade structure, the flexible telescopic unit 5 can also be extended along the inner surface of the blade structure to be measured until the laser receiving plate 6 reaches the desired blade root position.

[0071] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the control and processing unit includes: a telescopic control unit 7, which is arranged on the base unit 4 and is used to send a position adjustment signal to control the movement and stop of the flexible telescopic unit 5.

[0072] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the control and processing unit includes: a signal processing unit 8, which is arranged on the base unit 4, and is used to process the laser position image before and after the deformation occurs, and calculate the deformation amount and deflection angle of the plate-like structural member.

[0073] Specifically, the deformation of the plate-like structural member includes bending deformation and tilting deformation. The flexible telescopic unit 5 of the relevant equipment for quantitative detection of structural member deformation provided by the present invention is suitable for bending deformation and tilting deformation. Further, the deformation of the plate-like structural member can be described by the deformation amount Δy and the deflection angle α of the plate-like structural member.

[0074] In one embodiment, the signal processing unit 8 includes: an alarm unit, which is used to determine whether to issue a warning prompt information based on the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member and the deformation degree threshold. Specifically, the deformation amount Δy is used to describe the degree of deformation, and Δy describes the vertical distance between the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate 6 after the deformation occurs and the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate 6 before the deformation occurs. And, if Δy exceeds the deformation degree threshold ε, it is considered that the deformation degree is too large and a warning prompt needs to be issued.

[0075] Furthermore, the deformation variable Δy is used to describe the degree of deformation of the plate-like structural member, and its deformation degree threshold Where L is the length of the plate-like structure in the measuring direction; the unit of ε is the international unit of length; if It is considered that the deformation of the plate-like structure being tested is too large, and a warning prompt is given.

[0076] In one embodiment, the ratio of the length L of the plate-like structure to be measured to its thickness d is The deformation variable Δy is used to describe the degree of deformation of the plate-like structure, and its deformation threshold Where L is the length of the plate-like structure being measured in the measuring direction; the unit of ε is the international unit of length; if It is considered that the deformation of the plate-like structure being tested is too large, and a warning prompt is given.

[0077] In one embodiment, the related equipment for quantitative detection of deformation of structural parts can be rotated 90 degrees according to the placement direction of the plate-like structural part to be tested and used to perform deformation measurement. After the related equipment for quantitative detection of deformation of structural parts is rotated 90 degrees, the lower half of its base unit 4 is clamped to the edge of the plate-like structural part to be tested; the flexible telescopic unit 5 is controlled by the telescopic control unit 7 to extend along the surface of the plate-like structural part to be tested until it reaches the target measurement position. In this embodiment, the value Δy describing the degree of deformation is described as: the vertical distance between the measurement position of the deformed structural part relative to the vertical position of the plate-like structural part without deformation.

[0078] In one embodiment, the laser projector 1 is connected to the signal processing unit 8, and its power supply end can be powered by a lithium battery. In another embodiment, the power supply end of the laser projector 1 can be powered by a computer that transmits information to the signal processing unit 6.

[0079] The present invention adopts laser marking combined with flexible telescopic technology to design a single-person handheld measurement device for the deformation of plate-like structural parts. It only needs to compare the position change of the laser spot in space before and after the deformation to quantitatively judge the degree of deformation of the plate-like structural parts. There is no need to use additional robots or three-dimensional point cloud data splicing to obtain the deformation value of the structural parts to be measured, and there is no need to preset marks and install guide rails on the surface of the measured object in advance.

[0080] The present invention uses laser projection combined with visual imaging to geometrically measure the deformation of a plate-like structural member (such as a large blade) and provides a quantitative deformation value.

[0081] The present invention adopts laser marking combined with flexible telescopic technology to design a single-person handheld plate-like structural member deformation detection device, which does not require the use of complex detection instruments and equipment and the intervention of professional analysts to make result judgments, greatly reducing the detection cost and the difficulty of popularization.

[0082] The traditional optical deformation detection method is to scan the entire object to be tested, and then nest the scanned object shape with the standardized model established by 3D modeling software to compare the degree of deformation. This requires extremely high modeling technology, and for a large number of plate-like structural parts of different shapes and sizes on site, modeling takes a lot of time and the detection efficiency is extremely low. The present invention adopts laser projection combined with visual imaging technology to propose a method for quantitatively detecting the degree of deformation of plate-like structural parts in the field of petrochemical equipment, which can quickly and directly obtain the numerical value of the degree of deformation on site.

[0083] The application fields of the present invention include: deformation measurement and quantitative evaluation of rotating equipment blade structural parts, plate-shaped equipment structural parts, and sheet-shaped equipment structural parts in the petrochemical field; the above-mentioned structural parts are key structural parts for the long-term operation of the equipment, and their deformation degree determines the safe and stable operation of the entire equipment. Therefore, the present invention has great application prospects in the field of long-term safe operation of equipment.

[0084] Figure 2 A flowchart of the steps of a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0085] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component is also provided, which is performed by a related device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component.

[0086] like Figure 2As shown, in step S201, the laser position image before and after the plate-like structural member surface is deformed is obtained by the laser detection unit. Specifically, the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate 6 after the plate-like structural member surface is deformed and the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate 6 when no deformation occurs are captured and recorded by the camera 2.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, in step S202, the laser detection unit is supported by the support and adjustment unit. Specifically, the laser detection unit includes a laser projector 1, a laser receiving board 5, and a camera 2, the support and adjustment unit includes an adjustable fixed bracket 3, a base unit 4, and a flexible telescopic unit 5, and the control and processing unit includes a telescopic control unit 7 and a signal processing unit 8. The laser projector 1, the laser receiving board 6, and the camera 2 are supported by the fixed bracket 3 and the base unit 4, and the base unit 4 and the laser receiving board 6 are connected by the flexible telescopic unit 5.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown, in step S203, the control and processing unit adjusts the positional relationship between the support and adjustment unit and the plate-like structural member through the position adjustment signal, and processes the laser position image before and after the deformation to calculate the deformation of the plate-like structural member. Specifically, the control and processing unit processes the laser position image before and after the deformation to calculate the deformation amount and deflection angle of the plate-like structural member. The control and processing unit determines whether to issue a warning prompt message based on the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member and the deformation degree threshold.

[0089] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the positions of related equipment before and after the surface of a plate-like structural member is deformed according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 Schematic diagram showing the position of the laser spot before and after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0090] In one embodiment, in step S201, Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, the laser position image before deformation is obtained by the following steps: the relevant equipment for quantitative deformation detection of structural parts is placed horizontally, the laser is projected by the laser projector 1, and the laser spot is received by the laser receiving plate 6. The image of the laser receiving plate placed perpendicular to the horizontal plane and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate are captured by the camera 2. The spot position at this time is recorded by the signal processing unit 8 as a position reference point for deformation measurement.

[0091] In one embodiment, in step S201, Figure 3 as well as Figure 4As shown, the laser position image after deformation is obtained by the following steps: the base unit 4 is pressed against the edge of the plate-like structure. The telescopic control unit 7 is turned on to control the flexible telescopic unit 5 to extend along the surface of the plate-like structure until the laser receiving plate 6 reaches the desired measurement position. The laser is projected by the laser projector 1, and the laser spot is received by the laser receiving plate 6. The image of the laser receiving plate and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate are captured by the camera 2 at this time. The spot position and the extension length of the flexible telescopic unit are recorded by the signal processing unit 8 at this time.

[0092] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of deformation calculation of a plate-like structural member according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0093] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the deformation of the plate-like structural member is calculated by the following expression:

[0094]

[0095] Wherein, Δy represents the deformation of the plate-like structural member; X1 represents the height of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate after the deformation occurs; D represents the height of the laser projector; and L represents the length of the plate-like structural member that is horizontal and has not been deformed.

[0096] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the deflection angle of the plate-like structural member is calculated by the following expression:

[0097]

[0098] Wherein, α represents the deflection angle of the plate-like structural member; X1 represents the height of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate after deformation occurs; D represents the height of the laser projector; and L represents the length of the plate-like structural member that is horizontal and has not been deformed.

[0099] In one embodiment, a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component comprises the following steps:

[0100] S1, placing the base unit 4 against the edge of the object to be measured;

[0101] S2, turning on the telescopic control unit 7, the flexible telescopic unit 5 is extended along the surface of the object to be measured until the laser receiving plate 6 reaches the required measurement position;

[0102] S3, whether the test device is operating normally, the process is: the laser projector 1 projects the laser, and the laser receiving board 6 receives the laser spot; the camera 2 takes the image of the laser receiving board and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving board;

[0103] S4, using the camera 2 to capture and record the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate when no deformation occurs, wherein the method is specifically described as follows: placing the device for detecting deformation of the plate-like structural member horizontally, the laser projector 1 projects the laser, and the laser receiving plate 6 receives the laser spot;

[0104] S5, the signal processing unit 8 records the light spot position and the extension length of the flexible telescopic unit;

[0105] S6, the signal processing unit 8 records the light spot position as a position reference point for deformation measurement;

[0106] S7, using the camera 2 to photograph and record the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate 6 after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed;

[0107] S8, using the camera 2 to capture and record the position of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate 6 when no deformation occurs;

[0108] S9, calculating the deformation amount Δy of the plate-like structural member;

[0109] S10, determining whether the deformation amount Δy of the plate-like structural member exceeds a certain threshold ε;

[0110] S11. If the deformation threshold is reached or exceeded, an over-deformation threshold warning prompt is given.

[0111] In one embodiment, the deformation of the plate-like structural member can be described by the deformation amount Δy and the deflection angle α of the plate-like structural member. A method for quantitatively detecting the deformation of a structural member further comprises the following steps:

[0112] S21, the length of the horizontal plate-like structural member that has not undergone deformation is L, and the height of the laser projector is set to D;

[0113] S22, after deformation occurs, the height of the laser projector 1 projected to the laser receiving plate located at the measuring position of the deformed plate-like structural member to be measured is X1;

[0114] S23, the angle between the measuring end of the plate-like structural member and the horizontal position is α;

[0115] S24, the deflection angle α of the deformation satisfies: therefore,

[0116] S25, deformation variable Δy satisfies: so,

[0117] The method and related equipment for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part provided by the present invention may also be used in conjunction with a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed to run a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part. The computer program can run computer instructions, which include computer program codes, which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file, or some intermediate form.

[0118] Computer-readable storage media may include: any entity or device that can carry computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.

[0119] It should be noted that the content contained in computer-readable storage media can be appropriately increased or decreased based on the requirements of legislation and patent practices in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, based on legislation and patent practices, computer-readable storage media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunications signals.

[0120] As a key structural component of petrochemical equipment such as smoke exhausters, fans, and centrifuges, the health of the blades directly affects the smooth operation of the entire equipment system. During the operation of the smoke exhausters, fans, and centrifuges, the blades will deform to varying degrees in various parts. And as the operation time of the blades increases, the fatigue damage of the blades will gradually increase. The accumulation of these fatigue will reduce the reliability of the blades' operation, and in severe cases, it will cause the fan to malfunction. Therefore, the degree of deformation of the blades can effectively reflect the overall health of the blades.

[0121] In one embodiment, for a straight-blade blade, the base unit 4 is placed against the edge of the outer end of the blade, the telescopic control unit 7 is turned on, and the flexible telescopic unit 5 is extended along the outer surface of the blade structure to be measured until the laser receiving plate 6 reaches the required blade root position; the laser projector 1 projects a laser, and the laser receiving plate 6 receives the laser spot; the camera 2 captures the image of the laser receiving plate and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate; the signal processing unit 8 records the spot position and the extension length of the flexible telescopic unit, and through deformation calculation, realizes the measurement of the deformation amount of the measured blade.

[0122] Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in the fields of petroleum and petrochemicals due to their simple structure, stable performance, and strong heat transfer performance. The baffles commonly used in shell and tube heat exchangers are the key parts of the heat exchanger. The baffles can change the flow direction and flow rate of the fluid. At the same time, the baffles can not only improve the heat transfer effect, but also support the tube bundle.

[0123] In one embodiment, for the baffle blades of the heat exchanger, the base unit 4 is pressed against the outer end edge of the baffle toward the heat exchanger cylinder; the telescopic control unit 7 is turned on, and the flexible telescopic unit 5 is extended along the outer surface of one side of the baffle to be tested until the laser receiving plate 6 reaches the baffle close to the head position; the laser projector 1 projects a laser, and the laser receiving plate 6 receives the laser spot; the camera 2 captures the image of the laser receiving plate and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate; the signal processing unit 8 records the spot position and the extended length of the flexible telescopic unit; the measuring direction is changed, and the device is moved to the other side of the baffle, so that the flexible telescopic unit 5 is extended along the outer surface of the other side of the baffle to be tested until the laser receiving plate 6 reaches the baffle close to the head position; and the deformation calculation is used to realize the measurement of the deformation amount on both sides of the baffle to be tested.

[0124] In summary, the present invention provides a method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part and related equipment, which have the following advantages over the prior art:

[0125] 1) In the prior art, deformation detection of plate-like structural parts usually requires the intervention of complex detection instruments and professional analysts to make result judgments, which greatly increases the detection cost and the difficulty of popularization. The deformation detection device designed in the present invention has simple operation steps, and a single person can complete the deformation measurement work on site with a handheld device.

[0126] 2) The present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for the deformation degree of plate-like structural parts of equipment in the petrochemical field, and automatically determines whether it exceeds the deformation threshold range based on the quantitative results of the deformation, and at the same time feeds back the deformation results.

[0127] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features understood by ordinary technicians in the relevant field. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not meant to be limiting.

[0128] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0129] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0130] Certain terms are used throughout this application document to indicate specific system components. As those skilled in the art will recognize, different names can usually be used to indicate the same components, so this application document is not intended to distinguish those components that are only different in name but not in function. In this application document, the terms "comprise", "include" and "have" are used in an open form, and therefore should be interpreted as meaning "including but not limited to...". In addition, the terms "substantially", "substantially" or "approximately" that may be used in this article relate to the tolerances of the corresponding terms accepted by the industry. The term "coupling" as may be used in this article includes direct coupling and indirect coupling via other components, elements, circuits, or modules, wherein for indirect coupling, the components, elements, circuits, or modules between them do not change the information of the signal but can adjust its current level, voltage level, and / or power level. Inferred coupling (for example, one of the elements is coupled to another element by inference) includes direct and indirect coupling between two elements in the same way as "coupling".

[0131] The "one embodiment" or "embodiment" mentioned in the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrases "one embodiment" or "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0132] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0133] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are as above, the contents described are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present invention, but the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part, characterized in that: The device includes: a laser detection unit, a support and adjustment unit, and a control and processing unit, wherein the laser detection unit is used to obtain a laser position image before and after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed, the support and adjustment unit is used to support the laser detection unit, and the control and processing unit is used to adjust the positional relationship between the support and adjustment unit and the plate-like structural member through a position adjustment signal, and process the laser position image before and after the deformation, and calculate the deformation of the plate-like structural member.

2. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser detection unit includes: a laser projector, a laser receiving plate, and a camera, wherein the laser projector is used to project laser onto the laser receiving plate, and the camera is used to capture the laser spot image projected by the laser projector onto the laser receiving plate before and after the surface of the plate-like structural member is deformed, as the laser position image.

3. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The support and adjustment part includes: an adjustable fixing bracket and a base unit, wherein the laser projector is fixed on the base unit through the adjustable fixing bracket and placed horizontally, and its projection port is flush with the side end surface of the base unit shell.

4. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the adjustable fixing bracket is adjustable, and the fixing method is two-leg fixing, three-leg fixing or multi-leg fixing.

5. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The camera is fixed on the base unit and is arranged at a position that does not block the projection port of the laser projector.

6. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The supporting and adjusting part comprises: a flexible telescopic unit which can be telescopically changed according to the length of the plate-like structural member, one end of which is connected and fixed to the base unit, and the other end of which is connected and fixed at a right angle to the bottom of the laser receiving plate.

7. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The flexible telescopic unit is marked with scales, and the zero scale is located at the intersection of the laser receiving plate and the flexible telescopic unit. When the flexible telescopic unit is in a non-expanded state, it is rolled up and located inside the base unit; when it is in an extended use state, it is pulled out and extends forward along the surface shape of the plate-like structural member.

8. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The control and processing unit includes: a telescopic control unit, which is arranged on the base unit and is used to send the position adjustment signal to control the movement and stop of the flexible telescopic unit.

9. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: The control and processing unit includes: a signal processing unit, which is arranged on the base unit and is used to process the laser position image before and after the deformation occurs, and calculate the deformation amount and deflection angle of the plate-like structural member.

10. A device for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part according to claim 9, characterized in that: The signal processing unit includes: an alarm unit, which is used to determine whether to issue a warning prompt message based on the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member and the deformation degree threshold.

11. A method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part, characterized in that: Executed by the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the method comprises: The laser detection unit is used to obtain a laser position image of the surface of the plate-like structural member before and after deformation occurs; Supporting the laser detection unit by the supporting and adjusting unit; The control and processing unit adjusts the positional relationship between the support and adjustment unit and the plate-like structural member through the position adjustment signal, processes the laser position image before and after the deformation, and calculates the deformation of the plate-like structural member.

12. A method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to claim 11, characterized in that: The laser detection unit includes a laser projector, a laser receiving plate, and a camera; the support and adjustment unit includes an adjustable fixed bracket, a base unit, and a flexible telescopic unit; the control and processing unit includes a telescopic control unit and a signal processing unit. The laser position image before deformation is obtained by the following steps: The related equipment for quantitative detection of deformation of structural parts is placed horizontally, the laser projector is used to project the laser, and the laser receiving plate is used to receive the laser spot; The camera captures an image of the laser receiving plate placed perpendicular to the horizontal plane and an image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate; The light spot position at this time is recorded by the signal processing unit as a position reference point during deformation measurement.

13. A method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to claim 11, characterized in that: The laser detection unit includes a laser projector, a laser receiving plate, and a camera; the support and adjustment unit includes an adjustable fixed bracket, a base unit, and a flexible telescopic unit; the control and processing unit includes a telescopic control unit and a signal processing unit. The laser position image after deformation is obtained by the following steps: Placing the base unit against the edge of the plate-like structural member; Turning on the telescopic control unit to control the flexible telescopic unit to extend along the surface of the plate-like structure until the laser receiving plate reaches a desired measurement position; Projecting laser light through the laser projector and receiving the laser light spot through the laser receiving plate; The camera captures the image of the laser receiving plate and the image of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate at this time; The signal processing unit records the light spot position and the extension length of the flexible telescopic unit at this time.

14. A method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural part according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The control and processing unit processes the laser position image before and after the deformation to calculate the deformation amount and deflection angle of the plate-like structural member; Through the control and processing unit, it is determined whether to issue a warning prompt message according to the deformation amount of the plate-like structural member and the deformation degree threshold.

15. A method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to claim 14, characterized in that: The deformation of the plate-like structural member is calculated by the following expression: Wherein, Δy represents the deformation of the plate-like structural member; X1 represents the height of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate after the deformation occurs; D represents the height of the laser projector; and L represents the length of the plate-like structural member that is horizontal and has not been deformed.

16. A method for quantitatively detecting deformation of a structural component according to claim 14, characterized in that: The deflection angle of the plate-like structural member is calculated by the following expression: Wherein, α represents the deflection angle of the plate-like structural member; X1 represents the height of the laser spot on the laser receiving plate after deformation occurs; D represents the height of the laser projector; and L represents the length of the plate-like structural member that is horizontal and has not been deformed.

17. A storage medium, characterized in that: It contains a series of instructions for executing the method steps as claimed in any one of claims 11-16.

Images