Adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork which comprises a first formwork body and a second formwork body, the first formwork body comprises a side plate A and a bottom plate A, and the second formwork body comprises a side plate B and a bottom plate B. The side plate A and the side plate B are used for forming side walls on the two opposite sides of a central ditch respectively. The bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are used for jointly forming a bottom plate of the central ditch, and the distance between the side plate A and the side plate B can be adjusted through relative movement between the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B; the formwork further comprises a diagonal bracing structure which is used for diagonal bracing of the first formwork and the second formwork, the length of the diagonal bracing structure is telescopic, and the diagonal bracing structure can keep a specified distance between the first formwork and the second formwork. Formwork erecting of the outlines of the inner wall and the outer wall of the central ditch can be achieved only through one formwork, the overall occupied space of the formwork is small, the utilization rate is high, and the formwork can be suitable for construction of ditch bodies of central ditches of various sizes and specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template. Background Art

[0002] The central ditch is an important structural component of the tunnel. Its function is to collect and drain the seepage and accumulated water behind the lining and under the pavement structure out of the tunnel. At present, the construction method of the central ditch is to measure and lay out the central ditch, set up the formwork, and then pour the invert filling concrete after the construction of the invert lining concrete is completed.

[0003] Since the central ditch and inverted arch structure of the tunnel play different roles, the use of different grades of concrete to construct the central ditch and inverted arch structure can ensure the realization of the corresponding functions. Based on this, the central ditch of the tunnel itself has a certain wall thickness. In order to implement this central ditch of the tunnel, the existing central ditch template of the tunnel mainly uses two sets of templates, inner template + outer template. The inner template and outer template are two sets of U-shaped templates of different sizes. During construction, the outer template is first used to cast the outer wall contour of the central ditch, the outer template is removed, and then the inner template is used to fix the ditch body, cast the ditch wall of the central ditch, and finally the inner template is removed. The construction process using two sets of templates of inner template + outer template has the characteristics of many process conversions and large template space occupation, and the construction efficiency is low. In addition, the construction templates used are all fixed structures with single specifications, which can only be used for the construction of central ditches of specific sizes and specifications, and the utilization rate is low. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an adjustable integral template for the central ditch of a tunnel in view of the fact that the existing technology requires two sets of fixed templates to be used for the vertical templates of the inner and outer walls of the central ditch respectively, and there are problems such as the overall template occupying a large space and low utilization rate.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] An adjustable integral template for a central ditch of a tunnel comprises a first template and a second template, wherein the first template comprises a side plate A and a bottom plate A, and the second template comprises a side plate B and a bottom plate B, wherein the side plates A and the side plates B are respectively used to form side walls on opposite sides of the central ditch, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are used to jointly form the bottom plate of the central ditch, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B can move relative to each other, that is, move closer to or farther away from each other, and the distance between the side plates A and the side plates B can be adjusted by relative movement of the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B; and further comprising a supporting structure, wherein the supporting structure is used to support the first template and the second template, and the length of the supporting structure is retractable and can maintain a specified distance between the first template and the second template.

[0007] When the above-mentioned integral formwork is used for construction, the outer wall contour of the central ditch is first formed based on the first formwork and the second formwork, and a supporting structure is set between the first formwork and the second formwork to maintain a certain distance to prevent the first formwork and the second formwork from getting close to each other due to external pressure when filling concrete. After the inverted arch is filled with concrete and cast, the above-mentioned integral formwork is demoulded to form the outer wall contour of the central ditch; then the above-mentioned integral formwork is used again for suspended setting (the suspended setting of the formwork can be achieved by various means such as rope hoisting, or by clamping by equipment, or by setting support points at the bottom), the distance between the first formwork and the second formwork is adjusted flexibly and the telescopic length of the supporting structure is adjusted accordingly so that the supporting structure can adapt to the new spacing position between the first formwork and the second formwork, thereby performing the pouring construction of the central ditch body concrete, and after the concrete is formed, demoulding is performed to form the inner wall contour of the central ditch, thereby finally obtaining the central ditch body structure.

[0008] The integral formwork provided by the utility model can realize the erection of contours at different positions by adjusting the lateral distance between the first formwork and the second formwork; the integral formwork adopting this structural form can realize the erection of the contours of the inner and outer walls of the central ditch by using the same set of formwork, the template occupies a small space as a whole and has a high utilization rate, and can be applicable to the construction of central ditch bodies of various sizes and specifications.

[0009] It should be noted that in the submodule of the integral template, such as in the first template, the angle between the side plate A and the bottom plate A can be adjustable or fixed. The first template and the second template can be movably connected, such as hingedly connecting the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B, or detachably connected through a supporting structure; the first template and the second template can also be fixedly connected through a supporting structure, such as both ends of the supporting structure are welded to the first template and the second template arranged oppositely; the first template and the second template can also be two independent components, with only a supporting structure arranged between the two to play an internal supporting role, and there is no direct or indirect connection between the two.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the utility model, both the side panels A and B are provided with hoisting holes for easy hoisting. The hoisting hole can be a single hole in a continuous shape along the length direction of the template, or two or more small holes can be provided at intervals to facilitate hoisting and maintain the balance of the structure itself; the hoisting hole can be a hole punched on the side panel body, or a hoisting ear hole.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, either end of the support structure is hingedly fixed to the first template, and the other end of the support structure is detachably connected to the second template, such as by snap-on, pin-on, etc., to facilitate quick assembly; or, the two ends of the support structure are detachably connected to the first template and the second template, such as by sliding, snap-on, bolted, pin-on, etc., to facilitate storage; or, the two ends of the support structure are fixedly connected to the first template and the second template, such as by welding or bonding.

[0012] As other possible implementation methods, brackets can also be set on the bottom plate A and / or bottom plate B, or on the inner surfaces of the side plates A and B respectively. When in use, the supporting structure can be directly installed on the brackets on the bottom plate, or the two ends of the supporting structure can be supported on the brackets of the side plates A and B on both sides, so that the supporting structure can support the side plates A and B.

[0013] The arrangement of the supporting structure is not limited to the above examples.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the utility model, when the two ends of the bracing structure are detachably connected to the first template and the second template respectively, the inner side surfaces of the side panels A and B are provided with corresponding slide grooves, the slide grooves are arranged along the length direction of the ditch, and the bracing structure is slidably connected to the slide grooves. In this solution, the arrangement of the slide grooves can play the role of upper and lower limit and end support for the bracing structure, which is convenient for the disassembly and installation of the bracing structure and is also conducive to maintaining the stability of the structure during hoisting.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the supporting structure is a rod-shaped component, and a plurality of the supporting structures are arranged at intervals at the slide groove, which is conducive to uniform force and avoids relative tilt between the first template and the second template.

[0016] As other possible implementation schemes, the supporting structure may also be a plate-shaped structure, or the force-bearing surfaces of a single supporting structure and the first template and the second template may be increased.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supporting structure includes a first pillar and a second pillar, the first pillar and the second pillar are socket-connected, the first pillar is provided with at least one limiting hole, the second pillar is provided with at least two limiting holes, and the first pillar and the second pillar are connected by a pin.

[0018] When in use, the first pillar and the second support are connected by sleeves, and the overlap position of the first pillar and the second pillar is adjusted to achieve pin fixation at different limit hole positions, so as to adapt to the construction of central water ditches with different horizontal spacings; when adjusting the telescopic length of the supporting structure, it is only necessary to remove the pin, locate the spacing between the first template and the second template at the beginning and end, and then plug in the pin uniformly, without adjusting them one by one. This structural form can adapt to the construction of central water ditches of different specifications and sizes, has good adaptability, and is more convenient to adjust than the structural form that uses threaded adjustment length, which is more conducive to improving construction efficiency.

[0019] The first pillar and the second pillar may be in the form of a groove, a cylindrical structure, or a combination of a solid and a hollow pipe, not limited to the above examples.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the first support column and the second support column are both hollow pipes, which are light in weight and convenient for adjustment and transportation.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the utility model, a stiffening rib is provided between the side plate A and the bottom plate A, and a stiffening rib is also provided between the side plate B and the bottom plate B. The provision of the stiffening rib is conducive to increasing the rigidity of the template.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the cross-sections of the first template and the second template are both arranged in an L-shape, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are both in the form of flat plate structures.

[0023] In this solution, the cross section of the first template is arranged in an L shape, that is, the bottom edge of the side plate A and the side edge of the bottom plate A are integrally connected; the angle between the side plate A and the bottom plate A of the first template can be a right angle, an acute angle or an obtuse angle. The second template structure is the same as described above.

[0024] As other possible implementation schemes, the bottom plates A and B may also be in arc shape, wave shape, stepped shape, etc. The bottom plate formwork of the central water ditch with different lateral spacings may also be adapted.

[0025] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0026] The utility model is applied to the construction of the central water ditch body of the tunnel, and the mold erection of the inner and outer wall contours of the central water ditch can be realized by using the same set of templates. The template occupies a small space as a whole and has a high utilization rate, and can be suitable for the construction of central water ditch bodies of various sizes and specifications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state of an adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template in Example 1 before adjustment;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1Floor plan of

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template in Example 1 after adjustment;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Floor plan of

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process of constructing a central water ditch in a tunnel using the integral formwork in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template in Example 2.

[0033] Icons: 1-first formwork; 2-second formwork; 3-supporting structure; 31-first pillar; 32-second pillar; 33-limiting hole; 34-latch pin; 4-slide groove; 5-lifting hole; 6-stiffening rib; 7-outer wall; 8-inner wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] An adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template, such as Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, it includes a first template 1 and a second template 2, the first template 1 includes a side plate A and a bottom plate A, the second template 2 includes a side plate B and a bottom plate B, the side plates A and the side plates B are respectively used to form side walls on opposite sides of the central ditch, the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are used to jointly form the bottom plate of the central ditch, the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B can move relative to each other, that is, approach each other or move away from each other, and the distance between the side plates A and the side plates B can be adjusted by relative movement of the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B; it also includes a supporting structure 3, the supporting structure 3 is used to support the first template 1 and the second template 2, the length of the supporting structure 3 is retractable and can maintain a specified distance between the first template 1 and the second template 2.

[0038] When the above-mentioned integral formwork is used for construction, the outer wall 7 contour of the central ditch is first formed based on the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2, and a supporting structure 3 is set between the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2 to maintain a certain distance to prevent the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2 from getting close to each other due to external pressure when filling concrete. After the arch filling concrete is cast and formed, the above-mentioned integral formwork is demoulded to form the outer wall 7 contour of the central ditch; then the above-mentioned integral formwork is used again for suspended setting, and the distance between the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2 is adjusted flexibly and the telescopic length of the supporting structure 3 is adjusted accordingly so that the supporting structure 3 can adapt to the new spacing position of the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2, so as to carry out the pouring construction of the central ditch body concrete, and after the concrete is formed, the demoulding is carried out to form the inner wall 8 contour of the central ditch, so as to finally obtain the central ditch body structure.

[0039] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first template 1 and the second template 2 are both made of L-shaped steel plates. The side plate A and the bottom plate A of the first template 1 are respectively in the form of flat plate structures and the two parts are integrally formed. The bottom edge of the side plate A is vertically connected to the side edge of the bottom plate A. Stiffening ribs 6 are welded at right angles between the side plate A and the bottom plate A. The stiffening ribs 6 in this embodiment are triangular steel blocks used to increase the rigidity of the template. The first template 1 and the second template 2 in this embodiment have the same structural form.

[0040] Furthermore, the inner side surfaces of the side panels A and B are provided with slide grooves 4 along the length direction. The slide grooves 4 in this embodiment are made of channel steel components, which are welded on the side panels A and B respectively, and are used to limit the support structure 3. The head and tail positions of the side panels A and B in this embodiment are also provided with hoisting holes 5 for template hoisting.

[0041] Furthermore, the supporting structure 3 in this embodiment adopts a rod-shaped component. It is preferred to arrange multiple supporting structures 3 at intervals at the slide groove 4, which is conducive to uniform force and avoids relative inclination between the first template 1 and the second template 2. Specifically, the supporting structure 3 includes a first pillar 31 and a second pillar 32. The first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32 are both hollow steel pipe components. The first pillar 31 is provided with at least one limiting hole 33, and the second pillar 32 is provided with at least two limiting holes 33. The first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32 are nested with each other. The pin 34 is correspondingly inserted into the limiting holes 33 at different positions on the first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32, so that the total transverse length of the first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32 can be controlled, thereby controlling the spacing between the first template 1 and the second template 2 on the left and right sides. When in use, when multiple supporting structures 3 are provided, the transverse spacing between the first template 1 and the second template 2 can be controlled as a whole by the relative sliding of the first pillar 31 and the second pillar 32, and then the pin 34 can be inserted in sequence, which is convenient, flexible and fast to adjust. In this embodiment, the supporting structure 3 can be fixedly connected to the slide grooves 4 on both sides, or can slide relatively, without affecting the structural stability of the integral formwork in the hoisting state.

[0042] During construction, if Figure 5 As shown, the first template 1 and the second template 2 are arranged opposite to each other, the safety rope is tied to the lifting hole 5, the entire template space position is lifted and positioned, the first pillars 31 and the second pillars 32 of the multiple supporting structures 3 are nested with each other and fixed at the slide grooves 4 on both sides, and the pins 34 are inserted into the limiting holes 33 at the corresponding positions to control the spacing between the first templates 1 and the second templates 2 on the left and right sides to obtain the size of the outer wall 7 of the central ditch of the tunnel; then the invert filling concrete is poured to obtain the outer wall 7 of the ditch; then the position of the pin 34 is adjusted again, and the corresponding limiting holes 33 are inserted to obtain the size of the inner wall 8 of the central ditch of the tunnel; then the ditch concrete is poured to finally obtain the ditch body structure of the central ditch of the tunnel.

[0043] By adopting the above-mentioned integral formwork construction, the horizontal spacing between the first formwork 1 and the second formwork 2 can be adjusted, and the overlapping area between the bottom plate A of the first formwork 1 and the bottom plate B of the second formwork 2 can be adjusted to achieve formwork with contours in different positions; by adopting the integral formwork of this construction form, the formwork of the contours of the inner and outer walls 7 of the central ditch can be achieved by using the same set of formwork. The template occupies a small space as a whole and has a high utilization rate, and can be applied to the construction of central ditch bodies of various sizes.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This embodiment also provides an adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template, such as Figure 6As shown, compared with Example 1, the main difference of this embodiment is that the side plate A and the bottom plate A in the first template 1 are hingedly connected, the side plate B and the bottom plate B in the second template 2 are also hingedly connected, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are also hingedly connected, and the two ends of the bracing structure 3 are respectively welded to the side plate A and the side plate B. By adjusting the angle between the side plate A and the bottom plate A and controlling the telescopic length of the bracing structure 3, the construction of central ditches with different lateral spacings can be realized, or the same set of templates can be used in the central ditches to realize the mold of the inner and outer wall 7 contours, and the template occupies a small space and has a high utilization rate.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable tunnel central ditch integral template, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first template (1) and a second template (2), wherein the first template (1) comprises a side plate A and a bottom plate A, and the second template (2) comprises a side plate B and a bottom plate B, wherein the side plates A and the side plates B are respectively used to form side walls on opposite sides of a central water ditch, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are used to jointly form a bottom plate of the central water ditch, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B can move relative to each other, and the distance between the side plates A and the side plates B can be adjusted by relatively moving the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B; It also comprises a supporting structure (3), wherein the supporting structure (3) is used to support the first template (1) and the second template (2), and the length of the supporting structure (3) is retractable and can maintain a specified distance between the first template (1) and the second template (2).

2. The adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side panel A and the side panel B are both provided with lifting holes (5).

3. The adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: Either end of the supporting structure (3) is hingedly fixed to the first template (1), and the other end of the supporting structure (3) is detachably connected to the second template (2).

4. The adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the supporting structure (3) are detachably connected to the first template (1) and the second template (2) respectively; or, the two ends of the supporting structure (3) are fixedly connected to the first template (1) and the second template (2) respectively.

5. The adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the two ends of the supporting structure (3) are detachably connected to the first template (1) and the second template (2), the inner side surfaces of the side panels A and B are correspondingly provided with sliding grooves (4), the sliding grooves (4) are arranged along the length direction of the gutter, and the supporting structure (3) is slidably connected to the sliding grooves (4).

6. The adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting structure (3) is a rod-shaped component, and a plurality of the supporting structures (3) are arranged at intervals at the slide groove (4).

7. An adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The supporting structure (3) comprises a first support column (31) and a second support column (32); the first support column (31) and the second support column (32) are sleeve-connected; the first support column (31) is provided with at least one limiting hole (33); the second support column (32) is provided with at least two limiting holes (33); the first support column (31) and the second support column (32) are connected via a latch (34).

8. The adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first support (31) and the second support (32) are both hollow tubes.

9. An adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A stiffening rib (6) is provided between the side plate A and the bottom plate A, and a stiffening rib (6) is also provided between the side plate B and the bottom plate B.

10. An adjustable tunnel central ditch integral formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first template (1) and the second template (2) are both L-shaped, and the bottom plate A and the bottom plate B are both flat plate structures.

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