32 results about "Drug Substitution" patented technology

A detecting apparatus includes a housing support section(s), a housing removably attached thereto, one or more sensors and a processor. An alternate apparatus measures heat flux and includes a known resistivity base member, a processing unit and two temperature measuring devices, one in thermal communication with the body through a thermal energy communicator and the other in thermal communication with the ambient environment. A further alternate apparatus includes a housing or flexible section having an adhesive material on a surface thereof for removably attaching the apparatus to the body. A further alternate apparatus includes a housing having an inner surface having a concave shape in a first direction and convex shape in a second direction substantially perpendicular thereto. Also, an apparatus for detecting heart related parameters includes one or more filtering sensors for generating filtering signals related to the non-heart related motion of the body.

Featured are a method and apparatus for fixing adjacent vertebrate of a spine that avoids the need and associated problems with prior cage or straight rod and screw systems. Methods and apparatus of the invention utilize a new implant member, which preferably is arcuate. Preferred methods of the invention for stabilizing adjacent vertebrae of the spine, include steps of providing a positioning apparatus including two guide sleeves, each guide sleeve having a long axis and locating the two guide sleeves with respect to the adjacent vertebrae such that a vertex formed by the long axis of each guide sleeve is located in the intervertebral space for the adjacent vertebrae. The method further includes forming an aperture in each of the adjacent vertebrae using the guide sleeves and inserting an implant into the apertures formed in each of the adjacent vertebrae so that the implant extends between the adjacent vertebrae and through the intervertebral space. In an alternative method a cutting fixture including a pivot arm is secured to the adjacent vertebrae and a cutting device is secured to the pivot arm. The pivot arm and cutting device are configured and arranged so that rotation of the pivot arm about a particularly located pivot point allows the cutting device to form the aperture in each of the adjacent vertebrae. Another alternative method for fixing adjacent vertebrate of a spine includes the step of forming a common channel in and between the adjacent vertebrae and inserting a biscuit implant in the common so as to bridge between the adjacent vertebrae.

An integrated pharmacy system receives prescription information, creates a substitution reference list identifying the requested medical item and a plurality of equivalent medical items, automatically selects one of the items identified on the substitution reference list, fills the prescription, checks the accuracy of the filled prescription, facilitates the sales exchange, and creates an archive of the transaction, although not all steps need to be performed for every application. The integrated pharmacy system can also prevent unauthorized users from performing improper functions such as, for example, attempting to dispense an item which is not a proper substitute for the requested item. The present invention, by automatically substituting equivalent medical items for a requested medical item and by automatically archiving each prescription transaction, simplifies the prescription filling and record keeping requirements for the pharmacy technician and pharmacist.

Methods and systems for low emission power generation in hydrocarbon recovery processes are provided. One system includes integrated pressure maintenance and miscible flood systems with low emission power generation. An alternative system provides for low emission power generation, carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), or carbon dioxide sales using a hot gas expander and external combustor. Another alternative system provides for low emission power generation using a gas power turbine to compress air in the inlet compressor and generate power using hot carbon dioxide laden gas in the expander. Other efficiencies may be gained by incorporating heat cross-exchange, a desalination plant, co-generation, and other features.

A surface heating system consists of a support and a heating layer that contains an electrically conductive plastic. The heating layer is formed by a flexible film. A heatable object made as such a surface heating system. A method for producing a surface heating system, where a heating layer containing an electrically conductive plastic bonded to a support, and where the heating layer is formed by initially applying an electrically conductive, especially a foam plastic material onto the support and then hardening the plastic material on the support. Alternatively, the method produces a surface heating system with a heating layer of an electrically conductive plastic is bonded to a support. The heating layer is produced from an electrically conductive, especially a foam plastic material, and then arranged on the support. Another alternative of the method consists of bonding a heating layer with an electrically conductive plastic to a support. A fabric is produced as the support. Contact terminals from power supply wires are woven into the fabric when it is made or afterwards, and then a heating layer is applied to the support and the contact terminals.

A capacitive sensor is shielded against external electric fields to maximize measurement accuracy. The sensor may include two coaxial, tubular conductors with a chamber between them into which a material sample to be measured is introduced. A measurement circuit connected to the sensor may include a reference oscillator that oscillates at a constant frequency and a test oscillator that oscillates at a frequency responsive to sensor capacitance. The circuit may display a value responsive to the difference between the test and reference frequencies. The circuit may also reverse the polarity of the signal applied to the sensor to minimize charge buildup, a phase-locked loop frequency measuring circuit, a temperature compensating circuit, and a non-linearity compensating circuit. The indicating circuit that displays a representation of the measured capacitance may display a continuous-scale or proportional representation or may display a binary or "go-nogo" representation. An alternative sensor of the system includes coaxial, finned inner and outer conductors that intermesh to maximize capacitive surface area. Another alternative sensor includes two parallel, plate-like conductors. The sensor system may be used to measure volume charge density of a fluid or parameters responsive to changes in volume charge density, such as flow velocity.

An electronic engine control unit for a motorcycle or other two-wheeled vehicle gradually decreases engine torque at the time of a failure so as to eliminate an uneasy feeling that an operator might experience if the engine torque were to be reduced abruptly. When a failure is detected, a throttle valve is closed gradually by initially closing the valve quickly and then slowly closing the valve so as to obtain a smooth decrease in engine torque. In addition, the ignition timing is changed gradually toward retardation to gradually decrease engine torque. Alternatively, the ignition pulses to the cylinders are thinned out gradually to cause a gradual decrease in engine torque. As a further alternative in the case of a multi-cylinder engine, the ignition pulses are stopped on a cylinder-by-cylinder basis to cause a gradual decrease in engine torque.

A surface heating system consists of a support and a heating layer that contains an electrically conductive plastic. The heating layer is formed by a flexible film. A heatable object made as such a surface heating system. A method for producing a surface heating system, where a heating layer containing an electrically conductive plastic bonded to a support, and where the heating layer is formed by initially applying an electrically conductive, especially a foam plastic material onto the support and then hardening the plastic material on the support. Alternatively, the method produces a surface heating system with a heating layer of an electrically conductive plastic is bonded to a support. The heating layer is produced from an electrically conductive, especially a foam plastic material, and then arranged on the support. Another alternative of the method consists of bonding a heating layer with an electrically conductive plastic to a support. A fabric is produced as the support. Contact terminals from power supply wires are woven into the fabric when it is made or afterwards, and then a heating layer is applied to the support and the contact terminals.

The invention relates to a method for the quick and direct on-site detection of drugs and drug substitutes which are in solid form. According to the invention, the drugs or drugs substitutes are transferred to a decomposition vessel or reaction vessel without being pretreated, especially without being reduced in size. Afterwards, they are mixed with a solvent or a solvent mixture containing at least one organic solvent. In addition, the suspension and / or solvent containing the drugs or drugs substitutes is / are directly subjected to a known drug test method, especially using drug test strips. The invention also provides a solvent or solvent mixture and a decomposition solution therefor, and a device for carrying out the method.

Methods and systems for robust and flexible extraction of image information using color filter arrays. Methods are provided comprising receiving a sample set of data generated by transforming and sampling an optical property of an original color image in a spatial basis, wherein the transformation effected is substantially local in the spatial basis and has partially overlapping spectra. A generalized inverse of the transform augmented with regularization constraints is applied to the sample set of data to infer original image data. According to one approach the generalized inverse does not use variational minimization or assume constant color ratios. According to an alternative approach regularization can take the form of predetermined spectral constraints applied to the sample set of data to infer the original image data. According to another alternative approach regularization can promote spectral sparsity. Methods are also provided for creating an optical color filter array, for sampling an image, for reducing noise in an image, and for computing a sparse representation of an image signal. Systems for carrying out these and other methods are also provided.

The roof reflector provides selectively deployable and retractable devices for installation over the roof of a building structure to reduce the amount of solar energy transmitted to the roof proper. The roof reflector may include a thick roll of insulating material that may be unrolled to cover the roof or rolled up for storage. Alternatively, the roof reflector may have a plurality of rigid panels hinged together to extend over the roof or to fold over one another for storage. Yet another alternative is a plurality of rigid panels that telescope into one another for storage. Still another alternative includes a plurality of laterally disposed slats that may be opened and closed in the manner of Venetian blinds. The roof reflector is remotely operated, either mechanically by a hand crank and cable mechanism, or electronically by a remote signal operating an electric motor.

Typical search engines include document snippets. There is no progression from a big picture view of search results to more detailed views. This invention creates a big picture view of search results in terms of cluster / category / topic / facet summaries / snippets. Cluster summary / snippet also has a few top ranking document snippets unlike other clustering search engines. Interactivity is provided for the user to see more / less results of each cluster / category / topic / facet. This helps in better understanding and navigation of search results. Can use traditional windows / rectangles for clusters / categories and sub-rectangles for documents. Alternatively can use a modified treemap. Each cluster with title becomes a parent in the treemap. Unlike traditional treemaps which show all children at a level, it shows a subset of children. A further alternative uses circles / balloons to represent clusters. Documents are shown as sub-circles. Clustering is also improved by additionally using ‘similar terms’ for clustering and getting cluster titles.

The invention relates to an absorbent article with super air permeability. In order to enable the existing absorbent article to achieve the effect of ventilation without liquid leakage or urine leakage, the absorbent article is characterized in that one or more first through hole(s) passing through the absorbent article along the thickness direction is / are formed in the absorbent article, so that the moisture in a closed space formed by the absorbent article and the body surface of a user can be rapidly discharged outside the closed space. In order to prevent sewage liquid from leaking outside through the first through hole(s), the absorbent article also comprises one or combination of more in a leakage prevention absorber, a ring hole thickening leakage prevention structure, a liquid absorption expansion liquid blocking dam, a diversion trench and the like which are used for preventing the body fluid from leaking outside through the first through hole(s). The air permeability of the absorbent article can be improved by another alternative or auxiliary characteristic, namely, the absorbent article comprises one or more selective ventilation structure(s).

A process for forming nickel silicide and silicon nitride structure in a semiconductor integrated circuit device is described. Good adhesion between the nickel silicide and the silicon nitride is accomplished by passivating the nickel suicide surface with nitrogen. The passivation may be performed by treating the nickel silicide surface with plasma activated nitrogen species. An alternative passivation method is to cover the nickel silicide with a film of metal nitride and heat the substrate to about 500° C. Another alternative method is to sputter deposit silicon nitride on top of nickel silicide.

Methods and systems for robust and flexible extraction of image information using color filter arrays. Methods are provided comprising receiving a sample set of data generated by transforming and sampling an optical property of an original color image in a spatial basis, wherein the transformation effected is substantially local in the spatial basis and has partially overlapping spectra. A generalized inverse of the transform augmented with regularization constraints is applied to the sample set of data to infer original image data. According to one approach the generalized inverse does not use variational minimization or assume constant color ratios. According to an alternative approach regularization can take the form of predetermined spectral constraints applied to the sample set of data to infer the original image data. According to another alternative approach regularization can promote spectral sparsity. Methods are also provided for creating an optical color filter array, for sampling an image, for reducing noise in an image, and for computing a sparse representation of an image signal. Systems for carrying out these and other methods are also provided.

Bulky isolation supplies of gowns, masks, and gloves are often located in patients' rooms, hall isolation carts, and boxes; these inconvenient supply locations clutter hallways of healthcare facilities and pose fire, logistic, and regulatory problems. Due to space limitations, the proposed hanging storage unit had to be capable of being hung from a door, needed to contain items for patients on isolation, and required variable pocket sizes to accommodate isolation gowns, face masks, regulated medical waste bags and tags, stethoscope, and thermometer. Nomex, a fire retardant material that can be chemically cleaned, was light weight, and conveniently woven, was finally selected as the fabric of choice. This invention is not limited to a reusable fabric, a disposable fabric is another alternative. Christmas wreath hangers were used to secure the bag to the door. The heavy-duty hangers held the weight of the caddy and the contents and allowed the door to close securely.

The invention discloses a fixed wing aircraft of a single aircraft wing driven by dual powers, comprising the body of the aircraft, an aircraft wing connected with the body and a undercarriage connected with the body or below the aircraft wing; the aircraft is provided with a turbine push engine and a prop engine which together or respectively constitute the power system of the fixed wing aircraft and provide power for a fixed wing aircraft by forward-pulling and backward-pushing type. The invention can generate powerful flying power, can greatly improve the flying speed when the aircraft takes off or accelerates and can effectively shorten the taking off distance. The invention can reduce the oil consumption, thus increasing the duration of flight. When the invention singly uses a turbine push engine, an electric changeable pitch mechanism can lead the blade of the engine to be in smooth-oar position, thus reducing the flying resistance. Furthermore, the invention is provided with two engines; once one engine breaks down, the other engine can replace the engine, thus greatly improving the flying safety.

A variable gain optical amplifier, in which homogeneous gain broadening is dominant, has first and second fixed gain rare-earth doped optical waveguide amplifiers (21, 23) optically in series together with an intervening variable attenuation optical attenuator (22). This arrangement circumvents the problem of gain tilt encountered when operating such amplifiers under variable gain conditions. An alternative form of the module has variable gain waveguide amplifiers, but these are co-regulated so that the aggregate of their gain at a wavelength within the gain spectrum is maintained constant. A further alternative form of module is employed in a concatenation of such modules. In such a concatenation, the gain of individual modules is allowed to vary, but the aggregate of the gain, at a wavelength within the gain spectrum, of all the waveguide amplifiers of all the modules of the concatenation is maintained constant.

Methods and systems for robust and flexible extraction of image information using color filter arrays. Methods are provided comprising receiving a sample set of data generated by transforming and sampling an optical property of an original color image in a spatial basis, wherein the transformation effected is substantially local in the spatial basis and has partially overlapping spectra. A generalized inverse of the transform augmented with regularization constraints is applied to the sample set of data to infer original image data. According to one approach the generalized inverse does not use variational minimization or assume constant color ratios. According to an alternative approach regularization can take the form of predetermined spectral constraints applied to the sample set of data to infer the original image data. According to another alternative approach regularization can promote spectral sparsity. Methods are also provided for creating an optical color filter array, for sampling an image, for reducing noise in an image, and for computing a sparse representation of an image signal. Systems for carrying out these and other methods are also provided.

The invention discloses an absorptive article with super air permeability. In order to enable the existing absorptive article to have the effects of air permeating and no liquid leaking or air permeating and no urine leaking, the absorptive article is characterized in that one or a plurality of through holes which penetrate through the absorptive article along the thickness direction are arranged on the absorptive article, and thus, moisture in a closed space which is formed by the absorptive article and the body surface of a user is accelerated to be discharged out of the closed space. With the purpose of preventing the soiling solution from leaking out of the first through holes, the absorptive article further has one or multiple combined characteristics of the characteristic of a leakageproof absorber, an annular thickening leakageproof structure, an imbibition retaining dam, a diversion trench and the like for preventing the body fluid from leaking out from the first through holes. The air permeability of the absorptive article also can be increased through another substitute or auxiliary characteristic, i.e. the absorptive article can comprise one or more selective air permeable structures.

A hardness test block wherein the number of test sites is optimized for a given test block size and a hardness being tested. The hardness test block has an alignment template that enables an operator to be assured of having the test bock grid pattern aligned properly with the indenter of a hardness testing machine. Another means for aligning the test block with the hardness testing apparatus is a cradle for the test block so that the primary test surface as well as the opposite surface can both be used for testing purposes such that the cradle protects the test surface from being contacted by the anvil of the hardness testing machine during the test operation. Another alternative is having a plurality of legs or pins on the test surface of the test block to prevent the test surface from contacting the anvil when the opposite test surface is being used for testing. A formula is provided so that the optimum grid pattern for a test surface can be obtained for any test block, irrespective of size, shape, or expected indentation size in order to obtain the least amount of test block material needed for a given number of test sites.

A method of reducing inflammation in a variety of disorders by using an intraperitoneal solution of magnesium. The solution can be used for treating inflammatory and inflammation-related disorders in animals and / or humans. Application of the solution reduces inflammation and thereby assists in the healing process. An alternative method involves the intraperitoneal administration of a solution containing magnesium salts. Another alternative method provides for treatment of inflammatory and inflammation-related disorders in animals by way of intraperitoneal administration of a solution containing magnesium salts, methenamine or its salts and dextrose. The method further provides the use of methenamine or its salts and / or dextrose in combination with magnesium.

A natural extract for suppressing the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is prepared from green tea through extracting. It features that its main active component is the polyphenols of tea (PPT) containing EGCG as its active component.

Disclosed are organic, UV resistant epoxy resins derived largely from vegetable oil based materials. More specifically, the present invention provides a virtually non-toxic, hypoallergenic UV resistant resin and method of producing and using the same that gives off substantially no VOCs and no disagreeable odors. The composition comprises a vegetable oil-based polyfunctional carboxylic acid, a cycloaliphatic anhydride, and an epoxy compound either of bicyclic difunctional epoxy resin, epoxidized vegetable oil or epoxidized polymer chains. The composition further comprises a catalyst and a wetting agent. In its cured state the material is leather like and exhibits high tensile strength as well as unusually high, totally reversible elongation. In an alternative embodiment, the resin comprises a cyclic anhydride (Lindride 16E). With increased amounts of cyclic anhydride, increased heat distortion temperature is exhibited; all while maintaining a high reversible elongation and high tensile strength In an additional alternative, an increased amount of Chromium III Octoate is used and in another alternative Phosphoric Acid.