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This invention belongs to the field of laser technology and discloses a method and system for controlling the working cavity length of an ultra-stable laser system capable of achieving a magic cavity length. The method involves: acquiring the output signal generated by the laser based on the fundamental mode resonance frequency; acquiring the output signal emitted through the working cavity after stimulated emission of the atomic gain medium; performing beat frequency detection on the two output signals to obtain a beat frequency signal; determining the magic cavity length region of the working cavity based on the relationship between the beat frequency signal and the change in the working cavity length; and adjusting the cavity length of the working cavity according to the aforementioned magic cavity length region. The system includes an ultra-stable frequency reference unit for generating a signal based on the fundamental mode resonance frequency; a magic cavity length confirmation unit for determining the magic cavity length region and generating a piezoelectric ceramic adjustment signal; and a working cavity length control unit for adjusting the cavity length of the working cavity. This invention significantly improves the short-term frequency stability and environmental noise immunity of the system, providing a highly promising new path for next-generation optical clocks and precision physical measurements.