Compositions that can be used as refrigerants
a technology of compositions and refrigerants, applied in the field of compositions that can be used as refrigerant fluids, can solve the problems of increasing the difference between the evaporation and cooling pressure, reducing the energy efficiency of carbon dioxide, and many drawbacks of carbon dioxide us
Active Publication Date: 2012-03-27
ARKEMA FRANCE SA
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Problems solved by technology
However, the use of carbon dioxide has many drawbacks, especially associated with the very high pressure of its use as a refrigerant fluid in existing devices and techniques.
The use of carbon dioxide alone in a supercritical cycle or in combination with other compounds, such as HECs, in a refrigeration system or a common heat-exchange pump may thus lead to unacceptable reductions in energy efficiency if the surrounding medium (air, water or glycol-water) does not have a temperature glide as high as that of the fluid used.
The consequence is that the difference between the mean temperature of the phase change of a mixture comprising carbon dioxide and the mean temperature of the surrounding medium increases, thus resulting in an increase in the difference between the evaporation and cooling pressures, which has the direct consequence of reducing the energy efficiency of the refrigeration system or of the heat-exchange pump.
However, the refrigeration performance is insufficient.
Method used
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Embodiment Construction
[0013]Compositions that can be used as refrigerant fluids and that have a low GWP have now been found. The GWP of the compositions according to the present invention is preferably not more than 150.
[0014]The compositions according to the present invention comprise at least one compound (A) chosen from the group constituted by hydrotluorocarbons, (hydro)fluoro-olefins, (hydro)fluoroiodocarbons and hydrocarbons, at least one compound (B) chosen from the group constituted by rare gases, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, and at least one functionalized organic compound (C) with a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of greater than 60° C.
[0015]The functionalized organic compound (C) preferably has a melting point at atmospheric pressure of less than −20° C. and / or a flash point>50° C. and advantageously >10° C.
[0016]These compositions preferably comprise from 5% to 90% by weight of compound(s) (A), from 5% to 40% by weight of compound(s) (B) and from 5% t...
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Abstract
The invention relates to compositions that can be used as refrigerants. More specifically, the invention relates to compositions having a very low contribution to the greenhouse effect, which can be used in the cooling and production of conditioned air. The GWP of the inventive compositions is preferably at most equal to 150.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to compositions that can be used as refrigerant fluids. The invention more particularly relates to compositions whose contribution to the greenhouse effect is very low, which may be used in refrigeration and the production of conditioned air.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]The problems posed by substances that deplete the atmospheric ozone layer were addressed at Montreal, where the protocol was signed imposing a reduction in the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC). This protocol underwent amendments which imposed the phasing out of CFCs and extended the regulation to other products, including hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC).[0003]The refrigeration and conditioned-air production industry has invested greatly in the replacement of these refrigerant fluids, and hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) have accordingly been marketed.[0004]In the motor vehicle industry, the air-conditioning systems of vehicles marketed in many count...
Claims
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Login to View More IPC IPC(8): C09K5/04
CPCC07C19/08C07C19/16C07C21/185C09K5/045C07C21/18C09K2205/106
Inventor RACHED, WISSAM
Owner ARKEMA FRANCE SA