Sealing structure and motor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of motor technology, and specifically provides a sealing structure and a motor. The sealing structure includes: an end cover, the end face of which is provided with at least one annular stopper; and a casing, the end face that matches the end cover is provided with annular grooves of the same number as the stopper, the inner diameter of the annular groove is larger than the inner diameter of the casing end face, the outer diameter of the annular groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the casing end face, and when the end cover matches the casing, the stopper is plugged into the annular groove in a shape-fitting manner. When the casing of the present invention matches the end cover, the stopper is plugged into the annular groove in a shape-fitting manner, and the end cover has more sealing surfaces with the end face of the motor, thereby reducing the risk of water entering the casing and improving the sealing performance of the motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a sealing structure and a motor. Background Art

[0002] During use, motors are often exposed to water, such as underground motors and new energy vehicle motors. Long-term exposure to harsh environments can easily lead to water ingress into the motor. When the accumulated water enters the motor cavity, the water comes into contact with the stator and rotor, which seriously affects the life of the motor or even burns it out. For example, according to incomplete statistics, more than 30% of the causes of underground motor burnout are related to water ingress, so the motor needs to have good sealing requirements.

[0003] In the sealing requirements of the motor, the seal between the motor housing and the end cover plays an important role. In the prior art, the sealing structure between the motor housing and the end cover is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the end cover a and the housing b are sealed with the inner hole of the housing by the stopper, but because the stopper and the end cover are mostly clearance fit, and the end faces of the end cover a and the housing b are not absolutely flat, water can easily enter the inner cavity of the housing b along the gap (such as Figure 2 As shown), the motor life is affected. To solve the above problems, in the prior art, a motor has an annular guide groove on the outer ring of the end cover stop, so that water flows out along the guide groove to reduce the possibility of water ingress. However, this guide structure is only suitable for working environments with little contact with water. For motors that work in harsh environments for a long time (such as underground motors and new energy vehicle motors), the guide structure will lose its function if the motor is in water or exposed to a humid environment for a long time. Therefore, how to effectively improve the sealing and waterproof performance of the motor has become an important issue in the development of motors. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem of poor sealing between the existing motor casing and the end cover, the present invention provides a sealing structure with better sealing between the casing and the end cover.

[0005] At the same time, in order to solve the technical problem of poor sealing between the existing motor casing and the end cover, the present invention provides a motor with better sealing between the casing and the end cover.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a sealing structure, comprising:

[0007] An end cover, the end surface of which is provided with at least one annular stop; and

[0008] The casing has an end face that cooperates with the end cover, and an annular groove having the same number as the stopper is formed. The inner diameter of the annular groove is larger than the inner diameter of the casing end face, and the outer diameter of the annular groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the casing end face. When the end cover cooperates with the casing, the stopper is inserted into the annular groove in a shape-fitting manner.

[0009] In some embodiments, the depth of the annular groove along the axial direction of the casing is greater than the length of the stop along the axial direction of the casing, so that when the end cover is matched with the casing, a first water storage cavity is formed between the stop and the bottom wall of the annular groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, the housing is provided with a first water outlet, and the first water outlet is connected to the first water storage chamber.

[0011] In some embodiments, a second water storage chamber is opened in the peripheral wall of the housing, and the second water storage chamber is connected to the first water storage chamber through a flow channel through hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the position of the second water storage chamber in the axial direction of the casing corresponds to the position of the winding in the inner cavity of the casing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second water storage cavity is an annular cavity opened around the peripheral wall of the casing, and along the radial direction of the casing, the second water storage cavity is close to the inner cavity wall of the casing.

[0014] In some embodiments, the number of the stop is one, and the inner and outer diameters of the second water storage cavity are the same as the inner and outer diameters of the annular groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, a second water outlet is provided at the bottom of the housing, and the second water outlet is connected to the second water storage chamber.

[0016] In some embodiments, an annular chamfered structure is provided on the end surface of the stop close to the outer peripheral wall.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a motor, comprising the above-mentioned sealing structure.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1) The sealing structure provided by the present invention includes an end cover and a housing, the end face of the end cover is provided with at least one annular stopper, the end face of the housing and the end cover is provided with an annular groove having the same number as the stopper, the inner diameter of the annular groove is larger than the inner diameter of the housing end face, the outer diameter of the annular groove is smaller than the outer diameter of the housing end face, and when the end face and the housing are matched, the stopper is plugged into the annular groove in a shape-matching manner. Compared with the matching method of the prior art, when the housing and the end cover of the present invention are matched, the stopper is plugged into the annular groove in a shape-matching manner, and the end cover has more sealing surfaces with the motor end face, which reduces the risk of water entering the housing and improves the sealing performance of the motor.

[0020] 2) In the sealing structure provided by the present invention, the depth of the annular groove along the axial direction of the casing is greater than the length of the stopper along the axial direction of the casing, so that when the end cover and the casing are matched, a first water storage chamber is formed between the stopper and the bottom wall of the annular groove. When the motor is working under harsh conditions, even if some water enters the stopper and the annular groove, due to the provision of the first water storage chamber, the water is stored in the first water storage chamber and will not enter the inner cavity of the motor casing, thereby further improving the sealing of the motor.

[0021] 3) The sealing structure provided by the present invention has a second water storage chamber opened in the peripheral wall of the casing, and the second water storage chamber is connected to the first water storage chamber through a flow channel through hole. The position of the second water storage chamber in the axial direction of the casing corresponds to the position of the winding in the inner cavity of the casing, so that water in the first water storage chamber can enter the second water storage chamber through the flow channel through hole for storage. The second water storage chamber is arranged corresponding to the winding position, so that the accumulated water stored in the second water storage chamber can cool the winding position when the motor is working, thereby reducing the temperature of the motor casing. At the same time, the water in the second water storage chamber blocks and absorbs the transmission of motor noise, thereby reducing the noise when the motor is working.

[0022] 4) In the sealing structure provided by the present invention, the end surface of the stopper close to the outer peripheral wall is provided with an annular chamfered structure, which is convenient for the matching installation of the end cover and the casing.

[0023] 5) The motor provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned sealing structure, and therefore has all the above-mentioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of a motor casing and an end cover in the prior art.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of position I.

[0027] Figure 3 4 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an end cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 1 is a front view of a motor housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the casing and the end cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of position II.

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the casing and the end cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of position III in the middle.

[0034] Fig.10 yes Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of position IV in the middle.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 10-end cover; 11-stop; 111-chamfered structure; 20-casing; 21-annular groove; 211-flow channel hole; 212-first water storage chamber; 22-second water storage chamber; 221-second water outlet; 30-first-stage sealing surface; 40-second-stage sealing surface; 50-third-stage sealing surface; 60-fourth-stage sealing surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described implementation is a partial embodiment of the present invention, rather than all implementations. Based on the implementations in the present invention, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the different implementations of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] The sealing structure provided by the present invention can be used for the shaft end sealing of the casing and the end cover, such as a motor or any other device suitable for shaft end sealing of the casing and the end cover, thereby improving the sealing performance of the casing end face and the end cover and preventing water from entering the casing. Figures 3 to 7 FIG. 2 shows a sealing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In this embodiment, the sealing structure provided by the present invention includes an end cover 10 and a housing 20. Figure 3 As shown, a ring-shaped stopper 11 is provided on the end surface of the end cover 10 and the housing 20. The stopper 11 is a convex structure with a rectangular cross section formed around the axis of the end cover 10. The inner diameter of the stopper 11 is D1, and the outer diameter is D2. Figure 4 As shown, the casing 20 is a shell structure with an inner cavity. Taking the motor as an example, the inner cavity of the casing 20 is used to install devices such as the stator core, stator winding, rotor, and wires. An annular groove 21 is provided on the end surface of the casing 20 that cooperates with the end cover 10. The annular groove 21 is a groove structure with a rectangular cross-section formed around the axis of the casing 20. The inner diameter of the annular groove 21 is D3, and the outer diameter is D4. The annular groove 21 is matched with the stop 11 in shape, that is, D1=D3, D2=D4, so that when the end cover 10 cooperates with the casing 20, the stop 11 is inserted into the annular groove 21, so that the end cover 10 and the casing 20 form a seal.

[0040] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, when the end cover 10 and the casing 20 are assembled, the two can be fastened and connected by bolts (not shown in the drawings). At the end face of the casing 20, the stopper 11 of the end cover 10 is inserted into the annular groove of the casing 20, so that the wall surface of the casing 20 outside the outer circle of the annular groove 21 abuts against the wall surface of the end cover 10, thereby forming a first-level sealing surface 30, the groove wall of the outer circle of the annular groove 21 abuts against the outer circle side wall of the stopper 11, forming a second-level sealing surface 40, the groove wall of the inner circle of the annular groove 21 abuts against the inner circle side wall of the stopper 11, forming a third-level sealing surface 50, and the wall surface of the casing 20 located within the inner circle of the annular groove 21 abuts against the wall surface of the end cover 10, forming a fourth-level sealing surface 60. It should be noted that, as Figure 1 As shown, the sealing structure between the end cover and the casing in the prior art has only two levels of sealing surfaces. In harsh environments, water can easily penetrate into the interior of the casing through the contact surfaces. In the sealing structure provided by the present invention, the stopper 11 is inserted into the annular groove 21, thereby forming a multi-level sealing structure, thereby improving the sealing performance of the end cover 10 and the casing 20.

[0041] In this embodiment, see Figure 5 , Figure 7, along the axis direction of the housing 20, the depth of the annular groove 21 is greater than the length of the stop 11, so after the end cover 10 is installed with the housing 20, a first annular water storage chamber 212 is formed in the annular groove 21. Taking the motor as an example, when the motor works in a water environment for a long time, even if a small amount of water outside the housing 20 penetrates into the first-stage sealing surface 30 and the second-stage sealing surface 40, due to the existence of the first water storage chamber 212, the accumulated water is stored in the first water storage chamber 212, and because the first water storage chamber 212 is annular, it plays a guiding role for the accumulated water that enters, and the accumulated water flows into the lower end of the first water storage chamber 212 under gravity, and will not continue to enter the inner cavity of the housing 20, thereby reducing the risk of water entering the housing 20. In some embodiments, a first water outlet (not shown in the drawings) can be opened at the lower end of the casing 20, and the first water outlet is connected to the first water storage chamber 212. A plug is provided at the first water outlet, and the first water outlet is usually in a closed state. When the motor works in a water environment for a certain period of time, the user can open the plug to discharge the accumulated water stored in the first water storage chamber 212, thereby reducing the risk of water entering the casing 20 and further improving the sealing between the casing 20 and the end cover 10.

[0042] In this embodiment, a second water storage chamber 22 is further provided in the peripheral wall of the housing 20, and the second water storage chamber 22 is connected to the first water storage chamber 212 through the flow channel through hole 211. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the second water storage chamber 22 is opened behind the first water storage chamber 212, that is, on the side away from the end cover 10, and the second water storage chamber 22 and the first water storage chamber 212 are independent chambers. Figure 4 As shown, a flow channel hole 211 is provided on the bottom surface of the annular groove 21, and the flow channel hole 211 is connected to the second water storage chamber 22. In the present embodiment, two flow channel holes 211 are provided and are respectively located at quadrant points on both sides of the middle of the annular groove 21 in the height direction. When water in the first water storage chamber 212 accumulates at the flow channel hole 211, the water flows into the second water storage chamber 22 through the flow channel hole 211 for storage. It should be noted that those skilled in the art should understand that the number and position of the flow channel holes 211 are not limited to those disclosed in the present embodiment. To ensure that the accumulated water in the first water storage chamber 212 can flow by gravity into the second water storage chamber 22 for storage, the position of the flow channel holes 211 can be adjusted according to the specific working conditions of the motor. For example, in an exemplary implementation, the flow channel holes 211 can be set at the highest point in the vertical direction of the annular groove 21, so that the water flows by gravity into the second water storage chamber 22 after the first water storage chamber 212 is full, that is, the accumulated water in the first water storage chamber 212 is prevented from penetrating into the inner cavity of the housing 20 due to untimely treatment, and at the same time, the water output of the first water storage chamber 212 and the second water storage chamber 22 is maximized. Those skilled in the art should be able to make adjustments based on the above disclosure according to specific working conditions, and the present disclosure will not be repeated here.

[0043] like Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the second water storage chamber 22 is an annular cavity opened around the peripheral wall of the housing 20, and the position of the second water storage chamber 22 corresponds to the position of the winding installed in the inner cavity of the housing 20. For the motor, during operation, it is often necessary to pass direct current or alternating current through the stator or rotor winding, which generates a large amount of heat, so that the housing 20 often generates a high temperature, and the specific heat of water is much greater than that of metal materials, so the water stored in the second water storage chamber 22 can absorb more heat, thereby cooling the motor and preventing the motor from being overheated.

[0044] In this embodiment, along the radial direction of the housing 20, the second water storage chamber 22 is arranged near the inner wall of the housing 20. Since the heat of the housing 20 is transferred from the inner cavity to the outside, the second water storage chamber 22 is arranged near the inner cavity for better cooling effect. At the same time, in this embodiment, for the convenience of processing, the inner and outer diameters of the second water storage chamber 22 are arranged to be the same as the inner and outer diameters of the annular groove 21.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the housing 20 is provided with a second water outlet 221 at the bottom of the second water storage chamber 22, the second water outlet 221 is connected to the second water storage chamber 22, and a plug is provided at the second water outlet 221. The second water outlet 221 is usually closed. When the motor works in a water environment for a certain period of time, the user can open the plug to discharge the accumulated water in the second water storage chamber 22. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, an annular chamfered structure 111 is provided on the end surface of the stopper 11 close to the outer peripheral wall, so as to facilitate the assembly of the stopper 11 and the annular groove 21 .

[0046] The sealing structure in this embodiment is described above. The assembly and principle of the sealing structure are described below.

[0047] When the motor is assembled, the end cover 10 and the casing 20 are fixedly connected by fasteners. The stopper 11 is inserted into the annular groove 21, so that the end faces of the end cover 10 and the casing 20 form a four-level sealing surface, which has better sealing performance than the existing sealing structure. When the motor works for a long time in a water environment, the infiltrated accumulated water first enters the first water storage chamber 212 for storage, thereby avoiding entering the inner cavity of the casing 20. The water in the first water storage chamber 212 enters the second water storage chamber 22 through the flow channel through hole 211, and the water stored in the second water storage chamber 22 exchanges heat with the casing 20 to cool the winding position of the casing 20. After the motor has been used for a certain period of time, the user can discharge the water in the water storage chamber by opening the second water outlet 221 to reduce the risk of water entering the inner cavity of the casing 20.

[0048] The structure and working principle of the sealing structure of this embodiment are described above. Based on the above embodiment, the sealing structure of the present invention may also have other alternative embodiments.

[0049] Figures 8 to 10 The second embodiment of the sealing structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the difference from the above embodiment is that the structures of the second water storage chamber 22 and the flow channel through hole 211 are different. Fig. 9 As shown, the second water storage chamber 22 is a hollow structure with a rectangular cross-section formed around the axis of the housing 20. The flow channel through hole 211 is set at the highest position in the vertical direction of the annular groove 21, and the inner and outer diameters of the second water storage chamber 22 are the same as the inner and outer diameters of the annular groove 21. The position of the second water storage chamber 22 along the axial direction of the housing 20, that is, the depth, can be set according to the winding position and length. For example, a second water storage chamber 22 with a larger depth can be set, so that after the second water storage chamber 22 is filled with water, on the one hand, the water cools the housing 20, and on the other hand, the water can block and absorb the transmission of motor noise, thereby reducing the noise when the motor is working. Fig.10 As shown, the housing 20 is provided with a second water outlet 221 at the bottom of the second water storage chamber 22 . When the motor works in a water environment for a certain period of time, the user can discharge the accumulated water stored in the second water storage chamber 22 by opening the second water outlet 221 .

[0050] In some alternative embodiments, the number of the stoppers 11 and the annular grooves 21 is not limited to one, and multiple ones may be provided. For example, two circles of stoppers 11 are provided on the end surface of the end cover 10, and two circles of annular grooves 21 are correspondingly provided on the end surface of the casing 20. The principle is the same as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0051] In other alternative embodiments, the shape of the second water storage chamber 22 is not limited to a ring shape, and may be any other suitable shape, such as a spiral cavity opened in the peripheral wall of the housing 20.

[0052] In the second aspect, the present invention further provides a motor, which includes the sealing structure in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the rotor and stator assembly are installed in the inner cavity of the casing. Its structure and principle are the same as those described above. Those skilled in the art can implement it based on the above disclosure, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sealing structure, characterized in that: include: An end cover (10) having at least one annular stop (11) on its end surface; and The casing (20) has an end surface matched with the end cover (10) provided with an annular groove (21) having the same number as the stopper (11); the inner diameter of the annular groove (21) is larger than the inner diameter of the end surface of the casing (20); the outer diameter of the annular groove (21) is smaller than the outer diameter of the end surface of the casing (20); when the end cover (10) is matched with the casing (20), the stopper (11) is inserted into the annular groove (21) in a shape-matched manner; The depth of the annular groove (21) along the axial direction of the housing (20) is greater than the length of the stopper (11) along the axial direction of the housing (20), so that when the end cover (10) is matched with the housing (20), a first water storage chamber (212) is formed between the stopper (11) and the bottom wall of the annular groove (21); A second water storage chamber (22) is provided in the peripheral wall of the housing (20), and the second water storage chamber (22) is connected to the first water storage chamber (212) via a flow channel through hole (211).

2. The sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (20) is provided with a first water outlet, and the first water outlet is connected to the first water storage chamber (212).

3. The sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the second water storage chamber (22) in the axial direction of the housing (20) corresponds to the position of the winding in the inner cavity of the housing (20).

4. The sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second water storage cavity (22) is an annular cavity opened around the peripheral wall of the casing (20); along the radial direction of the casing (20), the second water storage cavity (22) is close to the inner cavity wall of the casing (20).

5. The sealing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the stopper (11) is one, and the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the second water storage cavity (22) are the same as the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the annular groove (21).

6. The sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A second water outlet (221) is provided at the bottom of the housing (20), and the second water outlet (221) is connected to the second water storage chamber (22).

7. The sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An annular chamfered structure (111) is provided on the end surface of the stop (11) close to the outer peripheral wall.

8. A motor, characterized in that: Comprising the sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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