A ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of metal casting, and specifically to a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer and a preparation method thereof; S1, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated core block; S2, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; S3, casting a wear-resistant base plate; S4, casting a hammer body; S5, cooling, demoulding and post-processing; the wear-resistant base plate of the present invention is fused with the hammer body at the two-phase region temperature, thereby improving the overall connection strength, and the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant base plate and the hammer body are in contact with each other, and the molten steel or molten iron of the wear-resistant base plate and the hammer body can be embedded in the pores of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block in a liquid state, thereby improving the tightness of the overall interlocking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting, and in particular to a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Powder metallurgy sintering is a high-temperature treatment process that further combines compacts or loose powders to improve strength and other properties.

[0003] It is one of the important processes in powder metallurgy. During the sintering process, the powder particles undergo physical and chemical processes such as mutual flow, diffusion, melting, and recrystallization to make the powder body more dense and eliminate some or all of the pores in it.

[0004] Sintering methods are usually divided into the following categories:

[0005] Solid phase sintering, the sintering temperature is below the melting point of each component in the powder, generally 0.7~0.8Tm (Tm is the absolute melting point, measured in K).

[0006] Liquid phase sintering: if there are two or more components in the powder compact, sintering may be carried out above the melting point of a certain component, so a small amount of liquid phase appears in the powder compact during sintering.

[0007] Pressure sintering is a process in which pressure is applied to the powder during sintering to promote its densification process. Pressure sintering is sometimes synonymous with hot pressing, which is a process that combines powder forming and sintering to directly obtain a product.

[0008] Activated sintering uses certain physical or chemical measures during the sintering process to greatly reduce the sintering temperature and significantly shorten the sintering time, while improving and enhancing the performance of the sintered body.

[0009] In electric spark sintering, direct current and pulse electricity are passed through the powder body during forming and pressing, so that arcs are generated between the powder particles and sintering is carried out; during sintering, pressure is gradually applied to the workpiece, combining the two processes of forming and sintering together.

[0010] Infiltration, also known as impregnation, is a process for improving the strength and other properties of porous blanks. At high temperatures, the porous blanks are brought into contact with liquid metal or alloy that can wet their solid surfaces. Due to capillary forces, the liquid metal will fill the pores in the blanks. This process is suitable for manufacturing alloy materials or products such as tungsten silver, tungsten copper, and iron copper.

[0011] Related technologies are disclosed in the prior art:

[0012] The Chinese patent with publication number CN112846192A discloses a method for manufacturing a metal-ceramic composite hammer; specifically disclosed: the method for manufacturing the metal-ceramic composite hammer comprises: pre-treating the surface of ceramic particles by coating; mixing the ceramic particles and wear-resistant metal powder with polyvinyl alcohol to obtain a mixture; uniformly loading the mixture into a metal mold for compacting to obtain a honeycomb ceramic-metal composite preform, and placing the honeycomb ceramic-metal composite preform on a graphite boat; placing the graphite boat as a whole into a drying oven, and obtaining a ceramic blank after drying; placing the dried ceramic blank into a vacuum furnace for sintering, and obtaining a honeycomb ceramic-metal composite preform after cooling out of the furnace; fixing the honeycomb ceramic-metal composite preform on the end face of a sand-molded hammer head, casting molten metal, cooling, sanding off and surface cleaning to obtain a metal-ceramic composite hammer blank; quenching and tempering the metal-ceramic composite hammer blank to obtain a metal-ceramic composite hammer; the method has the advantages of compact particles and not easy to fall off.

[0013] The Chinese patent with publication number CN116251941A discloses a method for manufacturing a high-wear-resistant composite swing hammer head; specifically disclosed are: including washing and drying ceramic particles with oxalic acid solution, uniformly mixing boron carbide ceramic powder and alcohol adhesive in proportion into slurry and drying to remove the alcohol adhesive; then mixing the ceramic particles with NiCrBSi powder and sodium silicate solution and filling them into a honeycomb mold, taking them out after microwave curing, to obtain a honeycomb ceramic preform with high strength at room temperature, and a conical preformed hole is formed on the honeycomb ceramic preform, placing the honeycomb ceramic preform into a casting cavity of a swing hammer head metal mold, and then pouring molten high-chromium cast iron into the casting mold runner, and under high pressure, the high-chromium cast iron water infiltrates into the gaps between the ceramic preform particles to form a reactive interface to obtain a high-wear-resistant composite swing hammer head. The method can manufacture a composite swing hammer head with a reactive interface and high wear resistance.

[0014] The Chinese patent with the announcement number CN110076322B discloses a ceramic reinforced steel-based wear-resistant composite material and its preparation method; specifically disclosed: the ceramic preform is prepared by casting alloy steel metal liquid casting infiltration ceramic preform; the ceramic preform is composed of the following weight percentages of raw materials: 40-55wt% of spherical ceramic particles, 40-55wt% of non-spherical polyhedron ceramic particles, and 2-5wt% of binder, wherein 0.5mm≤the particle size of the spherical ceramic particles<the particle size of the non-spherical polyhedron ceramic particles≤1.5mm. In the present invention, the ceramic preform adopts spherical ceramic particles and non-spherical polyhedron ceramic particles to match, and control their particle sizes so that they work synergistically and form a unique toughening structure with the alloy steel matrix. The prepared composite material exhibits good impact resistance and wear resistance, can effectively resist the cutting and plowing action of abrasives, and the preparation method is simple. The prepared composite material is suitable for manufacturing wear-resistant working parts such as hammer heads, lining plates, grinding rollers, and grinding discs.

[0015] However, the above prior art still has the following problems:

[0016] 1. The prior art discloses a wear-resistant hammer head with a ceramic core block, such as CN116251941A. However, the ceramic powder of the core block of this type of prior art has a single particle size. If the particle size of the ceramic powder is too large, the bonding strength between the ceramic powders is low, and it is easy to "sand off" and wear during the friction process. If the particle size of the ceramic powder is too small, the bonding strength with the cast metal is insufficient, and there is a risk of the ceramic particle core block falling off as a whole.

[0017] 2. The prior art discloses ceramic particle core blocks with composite particle sizes, such as CN109128098A. However, the core blocks of this type of prior art are entirely covered by external ceramic particles with larger particle sizes, and cannot fully utilize the advantages of small-size ceramic particles with high bonding strength and good wear resistance.

[0018] 3. The cast metal in the prior art is a single component, a single material, and a single structure. If the overall material is a highly wear-resistant material, the cost is too high. Summary of the invention

[0019] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated core block; preparing ceramic particles and a binder of a first specification, mixing, pre-pressing, and drying to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0021] The porous ceramic prefabricated core block has a planar main wear-resistant surface;

[0022] S2, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; preparing ceramic particles of a second specification, manganese steel powder and a binder, mixing them evenly to obtain a second aggregate, coating the porous ceramic prefabricated core block with the second aggregate, and obtaining a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block through pre-pressing and drying;

[0023] The main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is exposed on the outer surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block;

[0024] S3, casting of the wear-resistant base plate; pouring the liquid high manganese steel of the first component into a casting mold fixed with a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, and cooling to a first predetermined temperature to form a wear-resistant base plate;

[0025] S4, casting the swing hammer body; when the wear-resistant bottom plate is cooled to the first predetermined temperature, the upper mold of the swing hammer mold is closed, and the liquid low-carbon steel of the second component is poured into it, and the swing hammer body is formed after cooling and solidification. The swing hammer body and the wear-resistant bottom plate constitute an upper and lower structure, and together wrap the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block to obtain a swing hammer blank;

[0026] S5, cooling, demoulding and post-processing; after the hammer blank is cooled to a predetermined temperature, it is demoulded, deburred and water-toughened to obtain a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer.

[0027] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes:

[0028] S11, preparing porous ceramic prefabricated core block aggregate; preparing ceramic particles of a first specification and a certain proportion of a binder, and rotating and stirring to mix them evenly to obtain a first aggregate;

[0029] S12, pre-pressing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; pouring the first aggregate into the porous ceramic prefabricated core block mold, applying a predetermined pressing force, and pressing the first aggregate into a fixed shape;

[0030] S13, drying and demoulding; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block mold containing the first aggregate into a drying furnace, drying for a predetermined time, and then naturally cooling and demoulding to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0031] The porous ceramic prefabricated core block has at least one predetermined main wear-resistant surface, which is a plane and has an area not less than the area of ​​any outer surface plane of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block, and satisfies:

[0032] S main ≥S i-main

[0033] Among them, S main Indicates the area of ​​the main wear-resistant surface; S i-main It refers to the area of ​​any outer surface plane of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block except the main wear-resistant surface.

[0034] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes:

[0035] S21, arranging porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks obtained in step S1 into a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold, wherein the inner cavity volume of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold is larger than the volume of the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks, so that the predetermined main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks is downwardly contacted with the bottom plate of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold;

[0036] S22, powder distribution; pouring the second aggregate into the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold so that the second aggregate completely covers the porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0037] S23, pre-pressing; applying a predetermined pressing force to the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold to press and shape the second aggregate wrapped with the porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0038] S24, drying and demoulding; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold containing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block and the second aggregate into a drying furnace, drying for a predetermined time, and then naturally cooling and demoulding to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; in the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, only the main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is exposed.

[0039] Furthermore, step S2 specifically includes:

[0040] S31, placing the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block in a fixed manner in a casting mold, so that the main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is downward in contact with the bottom plate of the casting mold;

[0041] S32, pouring a predetermined amount of liquid high manganese steel of the first component into the casting mold, so that the upper surface of the liquid high manganese steel of the first component is lower than the highest point of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block;

[0042] S33, waiting for the liquid high manganese steel of the first component to cool down to partially solidify to form a wear-resistant bottom plate.

[0043] Furthermore, in step S4, the first predetermined temperature is located in the crystallization two-phase region of the high manganese steel of the first component.

[0044] Furthermore, the particle size of the ceramic particles of the first specification is 0.05-0.6 mm in diameter; and the particle size of the ceramic particles of the second specification is 0.4-2.5 mm in diameter.

[0045] Furthermore, the characteristics of the manganese steel powder in the second aggregate are as follows: the particle diameter is 40-80um, the mass ratio of the content of each element is carbon C: 0.90-1.20, silicon Si: 0.30-0.80, manganese Mn: 11.00-14.00, phosphorus P≤0.035, sulfur S≤0.030.

[0046] Furthermore, the ceramic used for the ceramic particles is any one of ZTA ceramics, metal ceramics, oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics, carbide ceramics or diamond, a mixture of two or a mixture of two or more.

[0047] A ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer is prepared by the preparation method, wherein the ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer comprises a porous ceramic prefabricated core block, a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, a wear-resistant base plate and a hammer body; the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block contains manganese steel powder and is wrapped on the outside of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; the porous ceramic prefabricated core block has a planar main wear-resistant surface; the main wear-resistant surface is exposed to the outside and is not wrapped or covered by the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant base plate or the hammer body.

[0048] Furthermore, the wear-resistant bottom plate does not completely wrap the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant bottom plate and the swing hammer body are in contact with each other.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0050] 1. Compared with the wear-resistant ceramic blocks with a single ceramic particle size, the present invention arranges the wear-resistant ceramic blocks into a composite structure with different particle sizes. The inner layer ceramic block is a small particle size structure with a planar and exposed main wear-resistant surface. The small particle size ceramic particles can increase the contact area with the adhesive. Since the wear form of the ceramic particle block is the shedding of expanded clay, its wear resistance is not determined by the strength of the ceramic particles themselves, but by the ease of shedding of the ceramic particles. Therefore, the small particle size inner core can improve the wear resistance.

[0051] 2. The present invention includes a second aggregate of large-grained ceramic particles containing manganese steel powder outside the small-grained inner core, and the minimum particle size of the second aggregate is smaller than the maximum particle size of the first aggregate, so that the inner and outer layers of the ceramic block can be interlocked to form an interlocking transition layer with higher overall strength.

[0052] 3. The present invention utilizes high manganese steel as the wear-resistant base plate and low carbon steel as the main body, which has the technical effects of wear resistance of the base plate and high toughness of the main body, and reduces the overall cost.

[0053] 4. The wear-resistant base plate of the present invention is fused with the swing hammer body at the two-phase temperature, thereby improving the overall connection strength. The porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant base plate and the swing hammer body are in contact with each other, and the molten steel or molten iron of the wear-resistant base plate and the swing hammer body can be embedded in the pores of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block in a liquid state, thereby improving the tightness of the overall interlocking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a sub-process of step S2 of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a sub-process diagram of step S3 of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a model diagram of the honeycomb ceramic prefabricated block of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the honeycomb ceramic prefabricated block of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0060] Embodiment 1

[0061] according to Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated core block; preparing ceramic particles and a binder of a first specification, mixing, pre-pressing, and drying to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0063] The porous ceramic prefabricated core block has a planar main wear-resistant surface;

[0064] S2, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; preparing ceramic particles of a second specification, manganese steel powder and a binder, mixing them evenly to obtain a second aggregate, coating the porous ceramic prefabricated core block with the second aggregate, and obtaining a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block through pre-pressing and drying;

[0065] The main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is exposed on the outer surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block;

[0066] S3, casting of the wear-resistant base plate; pouring the liquid high manganese steel of the first component into a casting mold fixed with a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, and cooling to a first predetermined temperature to form a wear-resistant base plate;

[0067] S4, casting the swing hammer body; when the wear-resistant bottom plate is cooled to the first predetermined temperature, the upper mold of the swing hammer mold is closed, and the liquid low-carbon steel of the second component is poured into it, and the swing hammer body is formed after cooling and solidification. The swing hammer body and the wear-resistant bottom plate constitute an upper and lower structure, and together wrap the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block to obtain a swing hammer blank;

[0068] S5, cooling, demoulding and post-processing; after the hammer blank is cooled to a predetermined temperature, it is demoulded, deburred and water-toughened to obtain a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer.

[0069] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes:

[0070] S11, preparing porous ceramic prefabricated core block aggregate; preparing ceramic particles of a first specification and a certain proportion of a binder, and rotating and stirring to mix them evenly to obtain a first aggregate;

[0071] S12, pre-pressing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; pouring the first aggregate into the porous ceramic prefabricated core block mold, applying a predetermined pressing force, and pressing the first aggregate into a fixed shape;

[0072] S13, drying and demoulding; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block mold containing the first aggregate into a drying furnace, drying for a predetermined time, and then naturally cooling and demoulding to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0073] The porous ceramic prefabricated core block has at least one predetermined main wear-resistant surface, which is a plane and has an area not less than the area of ​​any outer surface plane of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block, and satisfies:

[0074] S main ≥S i-main

[0075] Among them, S main Indicates the area of ​​the main wear-resistant surface; S i-main It refers to the area of ​​any outer surface plane of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block except the main wear-resistant surface.

[0076] Step S2 specifically includes:

[0077] S21, arranging porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks obtained in step S1 into a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold, wherein the inner cavity volume of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold is larger than the volume of the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks, so that the predetermined main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks is downwardly contacted with the bottom plate of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold;

[0078] S22, powder distribution; pouring the second aggregate into the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold so that the second aggregate completely covers the porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0079] S23, pre-pressing; applying a predetermined pressing force to the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold to press and shape the second aggregate wrapped with the porous ceramic prefabricated core block;

[0080] S24, drying and demoulding; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold containing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block and the second aggregate into a drying furnace, drying for a predetermined time, and then naturally cooling and demoulding to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; in the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, only the main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is exposed.

[0081] Step S2 specifically includes:

[0082] S31, placing the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block in a fixed manner in a casting mold, so that the main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is downward in contact with the bottom plate of the casting mold;

[0083] S32, pouring a predetermined amount of liquid high manganese steel of the first component into the casting mold, so that the upper surface of the liquid high manganese steel of the first component is lower than the highest point of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block;

[0084] S33, waiting for the liquid high manganese steel of the first component to cool down to partially solidify to form a wear-resistant bottom plate.

[0085] In step S4, the first predetermined temperature is located in the crystallization two-phase region of the high manganese steel of the first component.

[0086] The diameter of the ceramic particles of the first specification is 0.05-0.6 mm; the diameter of the ceramic particles of the second specification is 0.4-2.5 mm.

[0087] The characteristics of the manganese steel powder in the second aggregate are as follows: the particle diameter is 40-80um, the mass ratio of the content of each element is carbon C: 0.90-1.20, silicon Si: 0.30-0.80, manganese Mn: 11.00-14.00, phosphorus P≤0.035, sulfur S≤0.030.

[0088] The ceramic used for the ceramic particles is any one of ZTA ceramics, metal ceramics, oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics, carbide ceramics or diamond, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

[0089] A ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer, which is prepared by the preparation method, and the ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer comprises a porous ceramic prefabricated core block, a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, a wear-resistant bottom plate and a hammer body;

[0090] The porous ceramic prefabricated core block and the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block constitute a ceramic prefabricated block; the ceramic prefabricated block is honeycomb-shaped.

[0091] The porous ceramic prefabricated composite block contains manganese steel powder and is wrapped on the outside of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; the porous ceramic prefabricated core block has a planar main wear-resistant surface; the main wear-resistant surface is exposed to the outside and is not wrapped or covered by the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant base plate or the hammer body.

[0092] Furthermore, the wear-resistant bottom plate does not completely wrap the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant bottom plate and the swing hammer body are in contact with each other.

[0093] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, preparing a porous ceramic prefabricated core block; preparing ceramic particles of a first specification and a binder, mixing, pre-pressing, and drying to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated core block; the particle size of the ceramic particles of the first specification is 0.05-0.6 mm; the porous ceramic prefabricated core block has a planar main wear-resistant surface; specifically comprising: S11, preparing porous ceramic prefabricated core block aggregate; preparing ceramic particles of a first specification and a certain proportion of a binder, and rotating and stirring to mix them evenly to obtain a first aggregate; S12, pre-pressing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; pouring the first aggregate into the porous ceramic prefabricated core block mold, applying a predetermined pressing force, and pressing the first aggregate into a fixed shape; S13, drying and demoulding; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block mold containing the first aggregate into a drying furnace, drying for a predetermined time, and then naturally cooling and demoulding to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated core block; S2, prepare a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; prepare ceramic particles of the second specification, manganese steel powder and a binder, mix them evenly to obtain a second aggregate, cover the porous ceramic prefabricated core block with the second aggregate, and obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block after pre-pressing and drying; the particle size of the ceramic particles of the second specification is 0.4-2.5mm; the characteristics of the manganese steel powder in the second aggregate are: the particle size is 40-80um, and the mass ratio of the content of each element is carbon C: 0.90-1.20, silicon Si: 0.30-0.80, manganese Mn: 11.00-14.00, phosphorus P≤0.035, sulfur S≤0.030; The main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is exposed on the outer surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; S3, casting of the wear-resistant base plate; pouring the liquid high manganese steel of the first component into a casting mold fixed with a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, and cooling to a first predetermined temperature to form a wear-resistant base plate; S4, casting the swing hammer body; when the wear-resistant bottom plate is cooled to the first predetermined temperature, the upper mold of the swing hammer mold is closed, and the liquid low-carbon steel of the second component is poured into it, and the swing hammer body is formed after cooling and solidification. The swing hammer body and the wear-resistant bottom plate constitute an upper and lower structure, and together wrap the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block to obtain a swing hammer blank; S5, cooling, demoulding and post-processing; after the hammer blank is cooled to a predetermined temperature, it is demoulded, deburred and water-toughened to obtain a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel hammer.

2. The method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous ceramic prefabricated core block has at least one predetermined main wear-resistant surface, which is a plane and has an area not less than the area of ​​any outer surface plane of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block, and satisfies: ; in, Indicates the area of ​​the main wear surface; It refers to the area of ​​any outer surface plane of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block except the main wear-resistant surface.

3. The method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes: S21, arranging porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks obtained in step S1 into a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold, wherein the inner cavity volume of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold is larger than the volume of the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks, so that the predetermined main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core blocks is downwardly contacted with the bottom plate of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold; S22, powder distribution; pouring the second aggregate into the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold so that the second aggregate completely covers the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; S23, pre-pressing; applying a predetermined pressing force to the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold to press and shape the second aggregate wrapped with the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; S24, drying and demoulding; placing the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block mold containing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block and the second aggregate into a drying furnace, drying for a predetermined time, and then naturally cooling and demoulding to obtain a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; in the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, only the main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is exposed.

4. The method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes: S31, fixing and placing the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; fixing and placing the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block in the casting mold, so that the main wear-resistant surface of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block is downward and in contact with the bottom plate of the casting mold; S32, casting liquid high manganese steel; casting a predetermined amount of liquid high manganese steel of the first component into the casting mold, so that the upper surface of the liquid high manganese steel of the first component is lower than the highest point of the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; S33, cooling and solidifying; waiting for the liquid high manganese steel of the first component to cool to partially solidify to form a wear-resistant bottom plate.

5. The method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the first predetermined temperature is located in the crystallization two-phase region of the high manganese steel of the first component.

6. The method for preparing a ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ceramic used for the ceramic particles is any one of ZTA ceramics, metal ceramics, oxide ceramics, nitride ceramics, carbide ceramics or diamond, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

7. A ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer, prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer comprises a porous ceramic prefabricated core block, a porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, a wear-resistant bottom plate and a swing hammer body; The porous ceramic prefabricated core block and the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block constitute a ceramic prefabricated block; The porous ceramic prefabricated composite block contains manganese steel powder and is wrapped on the outside of the porous ceramic prefabricated core block; The porous ceramic prefabricated core block has a planar main wear-resistant surface; The main wear-resistant surface is exposed to the outside and is not wrapped or covered by the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant bottom plate or the swing hammer body.

8. The ceramic particle composite high manganese steel swing hammer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wear-resistant bottom plate does not completely wrap the porous ceramic prefabricated composite block; The porous ceramic prefabricated composite block, the wear-resistant bottom plate and the swing hammer body are in contact with each other.

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