Self-adaptive pressure head structure and crimping method of circuit board connector

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, and provides a self-adaptive pressure head structure and a circuit board connector crimping method.The self-adaptive pressure head structure comprises a lifting substrate and a bias adjusting pressure head, and the bias adjusting pressure head is installed on the lifting substrate; the bias adjusting pressure head comprises a translation assembly, an air blowing assembly, a tool clamp, a crimping shaft, a bias measuring sensor and a telecommunication processing unit, the translation assembly comprises a translation plate group which can be mounted below the lifting substrate in a translation manner, and the air blowing assembly comprises a plurality of air blowing nozzles which are separately arranged on four sides of the translation plate group and are used for blowing the translation plate group to translate; the tool clamp is installed on the bottom face of the translation plate set, the crimping shaft is rotatably arranged on the lifting base plate in a penetrating mode, the lower end of the crimping shaft is connected to the translation assembly, and the deviation measuring sensor is installed in the translation plate set so as to detect the pressure during crimping and feed back the pressure to the telecommunication processing unit. According to the self-adaptive pressure head structure provided by the invention, the connector is self-adaptive to a through hole corresponding to the PCB when being crimped to the PCB, and smooth crimping with the PCB is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, and in particular to an adaptive pressure head structure and a crimping method for a circuit board connector. Background Art

[0002] The crimping machine is a device used in a solder-free electronic assembly process to insert the connector's PIN into the corresponding through hole of the PCB board. As a widely accepted and used device for solder-free technology, it has extremely high reliability, plug-in safety and easy operation. The crimping machine can use advanced crimping technology to process the backplane, which not only meets the requirements of high density and miniaturization, saves mass production, facilitates product structure design, and has high flexibility and reliability. Although the automatic crimping machines currently on the market can accurately move the connector to the corresponding position of the PCB board to be crimped, they cannot adapt to the tolerance of the connector PIN and the hole on the PCB board. If they are pressed down hard, the PIN pin or the PCB board will be damaged. Generally, the PIN pin needs to be aligned and embedded into the hole of the PCB board first, and then pressed down a second time to completely embed the PIN pin into the hole of the PCB board. However, this is inefficient; especially when encountering extreme deviation requirements, such as the gap displacement with an extreme deviation of 0.08mm, if the crimping head mechanism is moved as a whole to adapt to this deviation, the load brought by the servo motor driven by the XY axis and the inertia force of the mechanism itself are very large, and the PIN pin may even be knocked crooked by the inertia force, resulting in PIN breakage and crimping deviation, kneeling pin and other phenomena during the crimping process, damaging the connector or PCB board; directly affecting the crimping efficiency and crimping quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention proposes an adaptive crimping head structure, which can adaptively adjust the tolerance of the PIN pin of the connector and the plug hole on the PCB board, smoothly crimp, improve production efficiency, and do not need to move the entire crimping head mechanism to adapt to the tolerance, thereby reducing the risk of damaging the connector or the PCB board.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an adaptive pressure head structure includes: a frame, a lifting drive device, a lifting component and a bias adjustment pressure head, the lifting drive device and the lifting component are installed on the frame, the lifting component is driven to lift by the lifting drive device, the lifting component has a lifting base plate, the bias adjustment pressure head is installed on the lifting base plate, the bias adjustment pressure head includes a translation component, a blowing component, a fixture, a crimping shaft, a bias measurement sensor and a telecommunication processing unit, the translation component includes a translation plate group, the translation plate group can be translationally installed below the lifting base plate, the blowing component includes a plurality of blowing nozzles, which are separated on the four sides of the translation plate group for providing The translation plate group is blown to translate, and the tooling fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group and moves together with the translation plate group. The tooling fixture is used to assemble the connector; the crimping shaft is rotatably arranged on the lifting base plate, and the lower end of the crimping shaft is connected to the translation assembly to drive the translation assembly to rotate when rotating. The deflection sensor is installed in the translation plate group to detect the pressure during crimping and feed back to the telecommunications processing unit. When the pressure exceeds the normal crimping range, the telecommunications processing unit issues an instruction to start the blowing assembly. The blowing assembly blows the translation plate group to translate, and correspondingly drives the tooling fixture to translate, so as to achieve the applicability adjustment of the tooling fixture to the crimping position.

[0005] Further in the above scheme, the air blowing assembly includes an air inlet joint and an air guide turntable, the air inlet joint is installed on the lifting substrate, and a plurality of separated air guide loops are provided on the bottom surface of the lifting substrate, and each air inlet joint is connected to a corresponding air guide loop, and the air guide turntable is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the lifting substrate, and a plurality of air guide ring grooves are provided on the upper surface of the air guide turntable, which are correspondingly connected to the air guide loops, and each of the air blowing nozzles on the four opposite sides of the translation plate group is connected to a corresponding air guide ring groove.

[0006] In the above scheme, further, the translation assembly includes a guide plate, the guide plate is fixed to the lower surface of the air guide turntable, the translation plate group is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate, and the translation of the translation plate group is guided by the guide plate.

[0007] In the above scheme, further, the translation plate group includes a translation plate and a pressure plate arranged parallel to the translation plate below the translation plate. The pressure plate translates together with the translation plate and has the freedom to rise and fall relative to the translation plate. The deflection sensor is installed between the translation plate and the pressure plate.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above solution, a magnet is installed on the lower surface of the guide plate, and the magnet attracts the translation plate.

[0009] Further in the above scheme, the translation assembly includes a limit plate, which is fixedly arranged on the outside of the translation plate group, and each blowing nozzle is correspondingly fixedly installed on a limit plate, and the relatively arranged limit plates limit the translation stroke of the translation plate group.

[0010] In the above scheme, further, the pressure plate is provided with a through adjusting screw hole, an adjusting screw is installed in the adjusting screw hole, and the upper end of the adjusting screw abuts against the pressure surface of the deflection sensor to provide a preset pressure to the deflection sensor.

[0011] In the above scheme, the bias adjustment pressure head further includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which includes a driving motor and a pulley. The driving motor is fixedly installed on one side of the lifting base plate, the pulley is sleeved on the crimping shaft, and the output end of the driving motor is connected to the pulley through a belt.

[0012] Further in the above scheme, the bias adjustment pressure head includes a tooling positioning mechanism, the tooling positioning mechanism includes a positioning shaft and a cylinder body, the positioning shaft is used to be inserted into the positioning hole on the tooling fixture, the crimping shaft is provided with a center through hole along the axial direction, the positioning shaft can be installed in the center through hole of the crimping shaft in a liftable manner, and a connecting hole connected to the center through hole is correspondingly provided on the translation plate group to cooperate with the lifting and lowering of the positioning shaft, and the cylinder body is installed on the lifting base plate to drive the positioning shaft to extend and lower.

[0013] In addition, the present invention provides a circuit board connector crimping method according to the adaptive pressure head structure:

[0014] Provide a connector to be installed on a fixture of the bias-adjusting pressure head, then the lifting drive device drives the bias-adjusting pressure head to descend, and pre-insert the connector onto the circuit board;

[0015] The deflection-adjusting pressure head descends to drive the connector downward. When the connector contacts the circuit board, the deflection sensor is pressed and fed back to the telecommunication processing unit. The telecommunication processing unit derives a pressure curve based on the crimping stroke and the pressure value. When the pressure curve is not within the set range, it is determined that the crimping cannot normally make the PIN pin of the connector smoothly transition into the corresponding plug hole of the circuit board, and the adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, that is, the air blowing component is started. Otherwise, the crimping is normal.

[0016] The adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, and the blowing nozzles separated on the four sides of the translation plate group stagger the air intake and air cut-off. The translation plate group vibrates under the action of positive pressure air in four directions, and the belt vibrates with the connector to reach the corresponding plug-in hole of the connector's PIN adaptive circuit board. The crimping continues to descend. At this time, the pressure curve returns to normal, the blowing assembly is closed, and normal crimping is performed until the crimping is successful.

[0017] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The present invention solves the problem that when all positions of the crimping mechanism and the crimping product are accurately aligned, the PIN pin may not smoothly transition into the corresponding through hole of the PCB board due to the tolerance of the angle within the allowable range of the connector PIN or the tolerance of the hole position within the allowable range of the PCB board, thereby failing in crimping. The adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention can actively slightly shake the bias pressure head within the range, with the micro-jitter of the connector, and adapt to the tolerance of the product, so that the PIN pin can smoothly transition into the corresponding through hole of the PCB board, thereby improving the success rate of crimping.

[0019] 2. By making positive pressure air flow channels and limit blocks in the four directions of the translation plate group, and using positive pressure air as the driving source, the bias adjustment pressure head can be actively slightly shaken within the range of 0.08mm, and the connector can be slightly shaken, so that the connector PI N pin can adapt to the corresponding through hole of the PCB board, greatly reducing the deviation between the PI N pin and the PCB board hole; at the same time, by installing a highly accurate pressure sensor inside the translation plate group, the pressure anomaly caused by the non-perpendicularity between the PI N pin and the PCB board hole can be accurately detected and fed back to the system, forming high-precision force control feedback, and judging whether to turn on the adaptive function, effectively improving the success rate of crimping.

[0020] 3. An angle adjustment mechanism is set according to the products in different directions. The biased pressure head can be freely rotated to the required angle for crimping. In addition, the wiring design in the central through hole of the crimping shaft and the air path design between the air guide turntable and the lifting baseplate can effectively solve the problem of wire winding caused by the rotation of the wire or air path, so as to achieve compatibility with different crimping products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged view of point A is shown;

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the first viewing angle of the bias adjustment pressure head of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the bias adjustment pressure head of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention at a second viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the lifting base plate of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-adaptive pressure head structure after the lifting assembly and the bias adjustment pressure head are assembled;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board fixing fixture used to cooperate with the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: frame 10; lifting drive device 20; lifting assembly 30; deflection adjustment pressure head 40; frame bottom plate 11; frame top plate 12; support plate 13; fixed guide plate 14; guide hole 141; drive motor 21; transmission belt structure 22; screw rod 23; lifting base plate 31; lifting top plate 32; lifting sleeve 33; connecting rod 34; translation assembly 41; blowing assembly 42; crimping shaft 43; deflection sensor 44; translation plate group 411; blowing nozzle 424; air inlet joint 421; air guide turntable 422; Guide pipe connector 423; air guide loop 311; guide plate 412; translation plate 51; pressure plate 52; magnet 53; tooling installation groove 521; limit plate 413; sealing ring 54; adjustment screw hole 522; electric slip ring 441; drive assembly 45; drive motor 451; pulley 452; tooling positioning mechanism 46; positioning shaft 461; cylinder body 462; cylinder frame 463; cylinder frame support plate 4631; cylinder frame top plate 4632; clearance hole 111; circuit board fixing fixture 200; circuit board 201. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment proposes an adaptive pressure head structure, including: a frame 10, a lifting drive device 20, a lifting assembly 30 and a bias adjustment pressure head 40. The lifting drive device 20 and the lifting assembly 30 are installed on the frame 10. The lifting assembly 30 is driven to rise and fall by the lifting drive device 20. The bias adjustment pressure head 40 is installed on the lifting assembly 30 and rises and falls together with the lifting assembly 30. The bias adjustment pressure head 40 is used to assemble the connector and crimp the connector onto the circuit board. The bias adjustment pressure head 40 has a translation assembly that can be translated. A tool fixture is installed on the translation assembly. The tool fixture clamps the connector. When crimping, the tool fixture is driven to translate by the translation assembly, so as to adaptively adjust the tolerance of the PIN and the plug hole on the PCB board, so that the PIN of the connector is accurately crimped onto the PCB board.

[0033] The frame 10 includes a frame bottom plate 11, a frame top plate 12, a support plate 13 and a fixed guide plate 14. The frame bottom plate 11 is fixedly arranged and fixedly installed on the connector processing production line. The support plate 13 consists of two pieces. The support plates 13 are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the frame bottom plate 11 to support the frame top plate 12. The fixed guide plate 14 is installed in parallel between the frame bottom plate 11 and the frame top plate 12, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the support plate 13. Guide holes 141 that pass through the upper and lower surfaces are opened near the two ends on the fixed guide plate 14 to cooperate with the lifting component 30.

[0034] The lifting drive device 20 includes a driving motor 21, a transmission belt structure 22 and a screw rod 23. The driving motor 21 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame top plate 12. The screw rod 23 is vertically arranged between the two support plates 13. The top end of the screw rod 23 passes through the frame top plate 12 and is connected to the transmission belt structure 22. The output shaft of the driving motor 21 is connected through the transmission belt structure 22, and the screw rod 23 is driven to rotate by the driving motor 21.

[0035] The lifting assembly 30 includes a lifting base plate 31, a lifting top plate 32, a lifting sleeve 33 and a connecting rod 34. The lifting base plate 31 is arranged in parallel below the frame bottom plate 11, and the lifting top plate 32 is arranged in parallel above the frame bottom plate 11 and between the two support plates 13. The lifting sleeve 33 is fixedly installed on the lifting top plate 32. The lifting sleeve 33 has an internal thread, which is sleeved on the screw rod 23 and is threadedly matched with the screw rod 23; there are two connecting rods 34, and the upper end of each connecting rod 34 is fixedly connected to the lifting top plate 32, and the lower end passes through the guide hole 141 of the fixed guide plate 14 and the corresponding through hole on the frame bottom plate 11 and is fixedly connected to the lifting base plate 31, so that the lifting sleeve 33 will be driven to rise and fall along the screw rod 23 through the rotation of the screw rod 23, and the lifting base plate 31, the lifting top plate 32 and the connecting rod 34 will be driven to rise and fall together. It can be understood that the guide hole 141 of the fixed guide plate 14 and the corresponding through hole on the frame bottom plate 11 have a guiding and limiting function for the lifting assembly 30 to move up and down, thereby preventing horizontal movement.

[0036] The deflection adjustment pressure head 40 includes a translation assembly 41, a blowing assembly 42, a fixture (not shown), a crimping shaft 43, a deflection sensor 44 and a telecommunication processing unit (not shown). The translation assembly 41 includes a translation plate group 411, and the translation plate group 411 is installed below the lifting base plate 31 in a translational manner. The blowing assembly 42 includes a plurality of blowing nozzles 424, which are separated at four sides of the translation plate group 411 and are used to blow the translation plate group 411 to translate. The fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group 411 and moves together with the translation plate group 411. The clamp is used for assembling connector crimping; the crimping shaft 43 is rotatably arranged on the lifting base plate 31, and the lower end of the crimping shaft 43 is connected to the translation assembly 41 to drive the translation assembly 41 to rotate when rotating. The deflection sensor 44 is installed in the translation plate group 411 to detect the pressure during crimping and feed back to the telecommunications processing unit. When the pressure exceeds the normal crimping range, the telecommunications processing unit issues an instruction to start the blowing assembly 42 to blow the translation plate group 411 to translate, and correspondingly drive the tooling fixture to translate, so as to achieve crimping adjustment of the connector.

[0037] Specifically, the air blowing assembly 42 includes an air inlet connector 421, an air guide turntable 422, a guide pipe connector 423 and the air blowing nozzle 424. The air inlet connector 421 is installed on the top surface of the lifting base plate 31. There are four air inlet connectors 421, which are respectively connected to the external air source conduits. Figure 6 , the bottom surface of the lifting substrate 31 is provided with four separated air guide loops 311. It can be understood that four air guide passages (not shown) are provided in the lifting substrate 31, which are respectively connected to each air inlet joint 421 and a corresponding air guide loop 311. The air guide turntable 422 is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting substrate 31. Four air guide ring grooves (not shown) are provided on the upper surface of the air guide turntable 422, which are correspondingly connected to the air guide loop 311 provided on the bottom surface of the lifting substrate 31. There are four guide pipe connectors 423, which are respectively mounted around the air guide turntable 422. It can be understood that four air guide passages (not shown) are provided in the air guide turntable 422, which are respectively connected to each guide pipe connector 423 and a corresponding air guide ring groove. In this way, even when the air guide turntable 422 rotates (the lifting substrate 31 cannot rotate), it can still ensure that the air inlet joint 421 is inflated, and the air path remains conductive and the airflow flows out from the guide pipe connector 423. There are four blowing nozzles 424, which are fixedly installed on the four sides of the translation plate group 411. Each blowing nozzle 424 is connected to the guide tube connector 423 through an air guide tube (not shown in the figure). In this way, when the translation plate group 411 needs to be slightly translated, air is blown through the blowing nozzle 424 on one side, and no air is blown on the opposite side. Then, the translation plate group 411 can be pushed to slightly translate under the action of blowing air; it can be understood that by blowing air in turn through the blowing nozzles 424 on the four sides, the translation plate group 411 can be slightly moved forward, backward, left and right in turn.

[0038] The translation assembly 41 includes the translation plate group 411 and the guide plate 412. The translation plate group 411 is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate 412, and the translation plate group 411 is guided to translate by the guide plate 412. It can be understood that the guide plate 412 is fixed to the lower surface of the air guide turntable 422, and the fixing method can be fixed by fixing screws. When the air guide turntable 422 rotates, the guide plate 412 is driven to rotate together.

[0039] Furthermore, the translation plate group 411 includes a translation plate 51 and a pressure plate 52 arranged parallel to the bottom of the translation plate 51. The translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52 are provided with a first hanging bolt (not shown) in the vertical direction. By providing the first hanging bolt, the pressure plate 52 and the translation plate 51 can be translated together, and the pressure plate 52 can have a certain degree of freedom of lifting and lowering relative to the translation plate 51 in the vertical direction, that is, the first hanging bolt will not interfere with the lifting and lowering of the pressure plate 52 relative to the translation plate 51.

[0040] Furthermore, a second hanging bolt is provided between the translation plate 51 and the guide plate 412 to ensure that the translation plate 51 is attached to the lower surface of the guide plate 412, and the translation plate 51 can have a certain degree of translation freedom in the horizontal direction relative to the guide plate 412, that is, the second hanging bolt will not interfere with the horizontal movement of the translation plate 51 relative to the guide plate 412.

[0041] It can be understood that the limited movement connection methods of the first hanging bolt and the second hanging bolt to the pressure plate 52 or the translation plate 51 are both common bolt connection methods in the industry. Translation or longitudinal movement can be achieved by opening a translation groove or a depth groove at the nut end, which will not be elaborated here.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the translation plate 51 is in close contact with the guide plate 412 for translation, a receiving groove is opened on the lower surface of the guide plate 412, and a magnet 53 is fixedly installed in the receiving groove. The translation plate 51 is made of magnetic materials such as metal, and the translation plate 51 is adsorbed by the magnet 53, so that the translation plate 51 can be stably in contact with the lower surface of the guide plate 412 for translation.

[0043] The lower surface of the pressing plate 52 is formed with a tool installation groove 521, so that the tool fixture can be pushed into the tool installation groove 521 to achieve the installation of the tool fixture and facilitate the replacement of the tool fixture. Preferably, the tool installation groove 521 can be provided with a relative "L"-shaped groove (such as Figure 3 shown).

[0044] Furthermore, in order to ensure the power strength of the blowing and the limit of the moving stroke of the translation plate group 411, the translation assembly 41 includes a limit plate 413, which is arranged on the outside of the translation plate group 411 and fixedly mounted on the guide plate 412 (see Figure 1 or Figure 3), and the lower end of the limit plate 413 extends to the outside of the translation plate group 411, and each blowing nozzle 424 is fixedly mounted on a limit plate 413, and the limit plates 413 arranged opposite to each other can limit the translation stroke of the translation plate group 411 between the limit plates 413. It can be understood that an air channel (not shown) is opened on each limit plate 413 to connect the blowing nozzle 424, and the other end of the air channel opens toward the translation plate group 411, so that the air pressure of the blowing nozzle 424 can apply force to one side of the translation plate group 411. Furthermore, in order to ensure air tightness, a sealing groove is opened on the connecting surface of the limit plate 413 and the translation plate group 411 on the outer periphery of the airway, and a sealing ring 54 is fixedly installed in the sealing groove. The sealing ring 54 is pressed against the connecting surface between the limit plate 413 and the translation plate group 411 and the sealing ring has a certain elasticity, thereby ensuring the effect of the blowing nozzle 424 blowing force on one side of the translation plate group 411; it can be understood that the translation plate group 411 moves under the action of the corresponding blowing nozzle 424, and after the movement, a gap is formed between the corresponding limit plate 413, and the gas from the blowing nozzle 424 is released from the gap to achieve pressure relief.

[0045] The crimping shaft 43 passes through the lifting base plate 31 and is connected to the translation assembly 41. Specifically, a shaft sleeve hole is provided on the lifting base plate 31, and the crimping shaft 43 passes through the shaft sleeve hole and is rotatably mounted on the lifting base plate 31. The top end of the crimping shaft 43 extends out of the top surface of the lifting base plate 31. It can be understood that the shaft sleeve hole can be provided with a shaft sleeve for sleeve-mounting the crimping shaft 43, so that the crimping shaft 43 can be rotatably mounted in the shaft sleeve hole, and the axial movement of the crimping shaft 43 relative to the lifting base plate 31 is limited. A central through hole is provided on the air guide turntable 422, and the crimping shaft 43 passes through the central through hole and is fixedly connected to the air guide turntable 422. More specifically, a step groove is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the air guide turntable 422 corresponding to the outer periphery of the central through hole, and a flange that matches the step groove is integrally extended from the outer periphery of the crimping shaft 43, and a connecting pin is provided to lock the flange to the step groove. The guide plate 412 is provided with a corresponding receiving hole, into which the lower end of the crimping shaft 43 can be inserted. In addition, a fixing pin is connected between the air guide turntable 422 and the guide plate 412 (see Figure 4 ), the air guide turntable 422 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 412, and they will not rotate or move relative to each other. In this way, when the crimping shaft 43 rotates, the air guide turntable 422 and the translation assembly 41 will rotate relative to the lifting base plate 31; when the lifting base plate 31 is lifted or lowered, the crimping shaft 43, the air guide turntable 422 and the translation assembly 41 will be lifted or lowered together.

[0046] The deflection sensor 44 adopts a pressure sensor, which is used to detect the pressure of the pressure plate 52 during crimping (i.e., the reaction force of the circuit board on the connector when pressing down). The deflection sensor 44 is fixed between the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52 of the translation assembly 41. Specifically, the deflection sensor 44 is fixed on the lower surface of the translation plate 51, and its force-bearing surface is connected to the pressure plate 52. When the pressure plate 52 is pressed and moves toward the translation plate 51, it can respond to the pressure in real time. If the pressure curve borne by the pressure plate 52 during crimping is within the normal pressure range, it is normal crimping, and there is no problem of poor connection between the connector and the circuit board socket, and there is no need to move and adjust the translation assembly 41; if the pressure curve borne is within the abnormal pressure range, there is a problem of poor connection between the connector and the circuit board socket, and the PIN cannot be smoothly inserted into the corresponding socket of the PCB board normally, then it is necessary to start the blowing assembly 42 to make the translation assembly 41 move slightly, thereby driving the tooling fixture to move slightly, so that the PIN is adapted to the socket and can be smoothly inserted into the socket. Specifically, the four blowing nozzles 424 blow air in turn, and after the translation plate group 411 slightly moves to an appropriate position, the blowing stops.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to ensure the detection accuracy of the deflection sensor 44, an adjustment structure for the preset pressure of the deflection sensor 44 is provided on the translation plate group 411. Specifically, the adjustment structure is that a through adjustment screw hole 522 is provided on the pressure plate 52, and an adjustment screw is installed in the adjustment screw hole 522. The upper end of the adjustment screw abuts against the pressure surface of the deflection sensor 44 to provide a preset pressure for the deflection sensor 44. The adjustment screw can be raised and lowered along the adjustment screw hole 522 under the action of the screw adjustment clamp to adjust the preset pressure of the deflection sensor 44. When the connector is crimped, the pressure plate 52 rises, and the pressure plate 52 will drive the adjustment screw to rise together. The adjustment screw applies pressure to the deflection sensor 44, and the deflection sensor 44 feeds back the pressure change in real time. It can be understood that the deflection sensor 44 does not need to be adjusted by the preset pressure, and there is no need to set the adjustment screw. The deflection sensor 44 can be installed between the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the electrical conduction of the deflection measuring sensor 44, an axial center through hole can be opened in the crimping shaft 43, and the wire of the deflection measuring sensor 44 is led out from the center through hole of the crimping shaft 43. Specifically, an electric slip ring 441 is sleeved on the top end of the crimping shaft 43. By connecting the wire of the deflection measuring sensor 44 to the electric slip ring 441, and the electric slip ring 441 is connected to the telecommunication processing unit through a lead wire, the deflection measuring sensor 44 is electrically conducted without tangling, thereby ensuring normal use.

[0049] Furthermore, the deflection pressure head 40 includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which includes a drive assembly 45 for driving the crimping shaft 43 to rotate. The drive assembly 45 includes a drive motor 451 and a pulley 452. The drive motor 451 is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting base plate 31 (see Figure 1 ), the pulley 452 is sleeved on the crimping shaft 43 (see Figure 4 ), the output end of the driving motor 451 is connected to the pulley 452 through a belt, so that the crimping shaft 43 can be driven to rotate by starting the driving motor 451, thereby driving the translation assembly 41 to rotate, and the plug-in angle between the connector and the PCB board can be adjusted.

[0050] Furthermore, the bias adjustment pressure head 40 includes a tooling positioning mechanism 46, which is used to detect the installation status of the tooling fixture and to position the tooling fixture. The tooling positioning mechanism 46 includes a positioning shaft 461 and a cylinder body 462. The positioning shaft 461 is used to be inserted into the positioning hole on the tooling fixture, so that after the tooling fixture is pushed into the tooling installation groove 521 of the pressure plate 52, the positioning shaft 461 is inserted into the positioning hole on the tooling fixture to ensure that the installation position of the tooling fixture is accurate and the stability of the tooling fixture during crimping is ensured. Specifically, the positioning shaft 461 can be installed in the central through hole of the crimping shaft 43 in a lifting manner, and the air guide turntable 422, the guide plate 412, the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52 are correspondingly provided with a connecting hole connected to the central through hole, so as to cooperate with the lifting of the positioning shaft 461, so that the positioning shaft 461 can be inserted into the tooling fixture to achieve the position fixation of the tooling fixture in the horizontal plane and in the axial direction. When the jig needs to be replaced, the positioning shaft 461 is raised, and the positioning shaft 461 withdraws from the positioning hole of the jig, so that the jig can be replaced. It can be understood that the connecting hole on the translation plate group 411 (i.e., the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52) has a sufficient aperture to avoid the positioning shaft 461 interfering with the translation of the translation plate group 411 when the translation plate group 411 translates. Preferably, the connecting hole on the pressure plate 52 and the adjusting screw hole 522 provided on the aforementioned pressure plate 52 can be set as the same hole, and the adjusting screw is installed in the connecting hole of the pressure plate 52. The adjusting screw is provided with an axial hole for the positioning shaft 461 to pass through, and the axial hole on the adjusting screw has a sufficient aperture, and the positioning shaft 461 will not interfere when the translation plate group 411 translates. The cylinder body 462 is installed on the lifting base plate 31 to drive the positioning shaft 461 to move up and down. The telescopic shaft of the cylinder body 462 is connected to the positioning shaft 461 to drive the positioning shaft 461 to move up and down. Preferably, the cylinder body 462 is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0051] Furthermore, the tooling positioning mechanism 46 includes a cylinder frame 463 for mounting the cylinder body 462. The cylinder frame 463 is fixedly mounted on the lifting base plate 31. Specifically, the cylinder frame 463 includes a cylinder frame support plate 4631 and a cylinder frame top plate 4632 supported on the top surface of the cylinder frame support plate 4631. The cylinder frame support plate 4631 is vertically arranged on the lifting base plate 31. The cylinder body 462 is mounted on the bottom surface of the cylinder frame top plate 4632. The telescopic shaft of the cylinder body 462 is downward and connected to the positioning shaft 461. When the lifting base plate 31 is lifted or lowered, the cylinder frame 463 is lifted or lowered together with the lifting base plate 31. In this embodiment, in order to prevent the lifting of the cylinder frame 436 from being blocked by the frame bottom plate 11, a clearance hole 111 is provided on the frame bottom plate 11 so that the cylinder frame 463 will not be blocked by the frame bottom plate 11 when it is lifted or lowered. It is understandable that as long as the cylinder frame 463 has a sufficient lifting stroke and its lifting will not be interfered by the frame bottom plate 11, there is no need to open the clearance hole 111.

[0052] Combined with reference Figure 8 , a method for crimping a connector to a circuit board using the adaptive pressure head structure provided by the present invention is provided, a connector (not shown) is installed on a fixture of the bias adjusting pressure head 40, and then, the lifting drive device 20 drives the bias adjusting pressure head 40 to descend, and pre-inserts the connector into the circuit board 201 fixed on the circuit board fixing fixture 200. Specifically, the lifting drive device 20 drives the screw rod 23 to move, and the connecting rod 34 connected to the lifting top plate 32 performs a downward pressing action under the guidance of the guide hole 141 of the fixed guide plate 14. According to the different directions of the product, the driving motor 451 can drive the crimping shaft 43 to rotate at any angle, so that the angle of the connector and the jack on the circuit board 201 are adapted. At the same time, the circuit of the deflection sensor 44 in the bias adjusting pressure head 40 is routed through the central through hole of the crimping shaft 43 to the electric slip ring 441 to ensure that the wire will not be tangled and the deflection sensor 44 can be used normally. The deflection-adjusting pressure head 40 descends to drive the connector downward. When the connector contacts the circuit board 201, the deflection-measuring sensor 44 in the middle of the pressure plate 52 is pressurized and fed back to the telecommunication processing unit. The telecommunication processing unit derives a pressure curve based on the crimping stroke and the pressure value. When the pressure curve is not within the set range, it is determined that the crimping cannot normally make the PIN of the connector smoothly transition and insert into the corresponding plug hole of the PCB board, and the adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, that is, the blowing component 42 is started. Otherwise, the crimping is normal.

[0053] The adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, and the four air inlet joints 421 stagger the peak air intake and air cut-off. Specifically, the positive pressure air passes through the air flow channels and finally flows out from the air outlet openings of the limit plates 413 corresponding to the blowing nozzles 424 in four directions, and acts on the translation plate group 411. The contact surfaces of the translation plate group 411 and the upper guide plate 412 are both smoothed to reduce the surface friction coefficient and achieve a fitting state under the magnetic force of the magnet 53; the translation plate group 411 is slightly shaken relative to the guide plate 53 (which can be regarded as the upper pressure head module) under the action of positive pressure air in four directions; the shaking range is limited by the limit plate 413, and the tolerance range of the design value can be 0.08mm. The design value comes from the tolerance range value allowed by the product; finally, the active flat panel component 411 can be slightly shaken through the blowing component 42; the belt follows the connector to slightly shake and reach the PIN pin of the connector to adapt to the plug-in hole corresponding to the circuit board, and the crimping continues. At this time, the pressure curve returns to normal, the adaptive system is turned off (that is, the blowing component 42 is turned off), and normal crimping is performed until the crimping is successful.

[0054] In summary, the adaptive pressure head structure provided by the present invention can adaptively adjust the tolerance of the PIN and the hole on the PCB board, improve production efficiency, and the adaptive pressure head structure is applied to the crimping machine, and there is no need to move the head structure of the crimping machine as a whole to adapt to this tolerance, thereby reducing the risk of damaging the connector or the PCB board. The specific technical effects achieved by the adaptive pressure head structure provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0055] 1. The present invention solves the problem that when all positions of the crimping mechanism and the crimping product are accurately aligned, the PIN pin may not be smoothly inserted into the corresponding through hole of the PCB board due to the tolerance of the angle within the allowable range of the connector PIN or the tolerance of the hole position within the allowable range of the PCB board, resulting in crimping failure. The adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention can actively slightly shake the bias-adjusting pressure head within the range, with the micro-jitter of the connector, and the tolerance of the adaptive product, so that the PIN pin can smoothly transition into the corresponding through hole of the PCB board, thereby improving the crimping success rate;

[0056] 2. By making positive pressure air channels and limit blocks in the four directions of the translation plate group, and using positive pressure air as the driving source, the bias adjustment pressure head can be actively slightly shaken within the range of 0.08mm, and the connector can be slightly shaken, so that the connector PIN needle can adapt to the corresponding through hole of the PCB board, greatly reducing the deviation between the PIN needle and the PCB board hole; at the same time, by installing a highly accurate pressure sensor inside the translation plate group, the pressure anomaly caused by the non-perpendicularity between the PIN needle and the PCB board hole can be accurately detected and fed back to the system, forming high-precision force control feedback, judging whether to turn on the adaptive function, and effectively improving the crimping success rate;

[0057] 3. An angle adjustment mechanism is set according to the products in different directions. The biased pressure head can be freely rotated to the required angle for crimping. In addition, the wiring design in the central through hole of the crimping shaft and the air path design between the air guide turntable and the lifting baseplate can effectively solve the problem of wire winding caused by the rotation of the wire or air path, so as to achieve compatibility with different crimping products.

[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive pressure head structure, comprising: A frame (10), a lifting drive device (20), a lifting assembly (30) and a deflection adjusting pressure head (40), wherein the lifting drive device (20) and the lifting assembly (30) are mounted on the frame (10), the lifting assembly (30) is driven to lift by the lifting drive device (20), the lifting assembly (30) has a lifting base plate (31), and the deflection adjusting pressure head (40) is mounted on the lifting base plate (31), and is characterized in that: the deflection adjusting pressure head (40) comprises a translation assembly (41), a blowing assembly (42), a fixture, a crimping shaft (43), a deflection measuring sensor (44) and a telecommunication processing unit, the translation assembly (41) comprises a translation plate group (411), the translation plate group (411) is translationally mounted below the lifting base plate (31), the blowing assembly (42) comprises a plurality of blowing nozzles (424) separated from the translation assembly (41), and the blowing nozzles (424) are arranged on the translation assembly (41). The four sides of the plate group (411) are used for blowing the translation plate group (411) to translate. The tooling fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group (411) and moves together with the translation plate group (411). The tooling fixture is used to assemble the connector. The crimping shaft (43) is rotatably arranged on the lifting base plate (31). The lower end of the crimping shaft (43) is connected to the translation assembly (41) so as to drive the translation assembly (41) to rotate when rotating. The deflection sensor (44) is installed in the translation plate group (411) to detect the pressure during crimping and feed it back to the telecommunication processing unit. When the pressure exceeds the pressure within the normal crimping range, the telecommunication processing unit issues an instruction to start the blowing assembly (42). The blowing assembly (42) blows the translation plate group (411) to translate, and correspondingly drives the tooling fixture to translate, so as to achieve the adaptability adjustment of the tooling fixture to the crimping position.

2. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing assembly (42) comprises an air inlet joint (421) and an air guide turntable (422); the air inlet joint (421) is mounted on the lifting base plate (31); a plurality of air guide loops (311) separated from each other are provided on the bottom surface of the lifting base plate (31); each air inlet joint (421) is connected to a corresponding air guide loop (311); the air guide turntable (422) is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting base plate (31); a plurality of air guide ring grooves are provided on the upper surface of the air guide turntable (422) and are connected to the air guide loops (311) correspondingly; and each air blowing nozzle (424) on four opposite sides of the translation plate group (411) is connected to a corresponding air guide ring groove.

3. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The translation assembly (41) comprises a guide plate (412), the guide plate (412) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the air guide turntable (422), the translation plate group (411) is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate (412), and the translation plate group (411) is guided to translate by the guide plate (412).

4. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation plate group (411) comprises a translation plate (51) and a pressure plate (52) arranged parallel to and below the translation plate (51); the pressure plate (52) translates together with the translation plate (51) and has the freedom to rise and fall relative to the translation plate (51); the deflection sensor (44) is installed between the translation plate (51) and the pressure plate (52).

5. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The translation assembly (41) comprises a guide plate (412) fixedly arranged above the translation plate (51); the translation plate group (411) is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate (412); a magnet (53) is installed on the lower surface of the guide plate (412); and the magnet (53) adsorbs the translation plate (51).

6. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The translation assembly (41) comprises a limit plate (413), the limit plate (413) is fixedly arranged on the outside of the translation plate group (411), each blowing nozzle (424) is correspondingly fixedly mounted on a limit plate (413), and the relatively arranged limit plates (413) limit the translation stroke of the translation plate group (411).

7. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure plate (52) is provided with a through adjustment screw hole (522), an adjustment screw is installed in the adjustment screw hole (522), and the upper end of the adjustment screw abuts against the pressure surface of the deflection sensor (44) to provide a preset pressure on the deflection sensor (44).

8. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection-adjusting pressure head (40) comprises an angle adjustment mechanism, which comprises a driving motor (451) and a pulley (452). The driving motor (451) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting base plate (31), and the pulley (452) is sleeved on the crimping shaft (43). The output end of the driving motor (451) is connected to the pulley (452) via a belt.

9. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection adjustment pressure head (40) includes a tool positioning mechanism (46), which includes a positioning shaft (461) and a cylinder body (462). The positioning shaft (461) is used to be inserted into a positioning hole on a tool fixture. The crimping shaft (43) is provided with a central through hole along the axial direction. The positioning shaft (461) is installed in the central through hole of the crimping shaft (43) in a liftable manner. A connecting hole connected to the central through hole is correspondingly provided on the translation plate group (411) to cooperate with the lifting of the positioning shaft (461). The cylinder body (462) is installed on the lifting base plate (31) to drive the positioning shaft (461) to extend and lower.

10. A circuit board connector crimping method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A connector is provided and installed on a fixture of a bias-adjusting pressure head (40), and then a lifting drive device (20) drives the bias-adjusting pressure head (40) to descend, and the connector is pre-inserted onto a circuit board (201); The deflection adjustment pressure head (40) descends to drive the connector downward, and when the connector contacts the circuit board (201), the deflection measurement sensor (44) is pressed and fed back to the telecommunication processing unit, and the telecommunication processing unit obtains a pressure curve according to the crimping stroke and the pressure value. When the pressure curve is not within the set range, it is determined that the crimping cannot normally make the PIN pin of the connector smoothly transition and insert into the corresponding plug hole of the circuit board (201), and the adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, that is, the blowing component (42) is started, otherwise the crimping is normal; The adaptive pressure head structure is opened, and the blowing nozzles (424) separated on the four sides of the translation plate group (411) stagger the air intake and air cut-off. The translation plate group (411) vibrates under the action of positive pressure air in four directions, and the belt vibrates with the connector to reach the corresponding plug-in hole of the PIN pin of the connector adaptive circuit board. The crimping continues to descend. At this time, the pressure curve returns to normal, the blowing assembly (42) is closed, and the crimping is performed normally until the crimping is successful.

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