Stator monomer, stator and motor

Abstract

The stator monomer comprises a winding and a magnetic core, the winding comprises at least one layer of stack, the stack is arranged on the magnetic core in a wrapping mode, the stack comprises first sections distributed on the two sides of the magnetic core in the first direction and second sections connected with the first sections on the two sides, and the first section on one side of the at least one layer of stack is of a through structure; and a cooling medium can pass through. The first section of the winding is designed to be of the through structure, so that a cooling medium can flow from one end to the other end through the through structure to cool the winding and the iron core along the way, the distance between a hot spot in the winding and the refrigerant is greatly shortened, the cooling area is remarkably increased, the cooling uniformity is improved, the peak temperature rise in the motor is reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged. Therefore, a more ideal cooling effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motors, and in particular, to a stator monomer, a stator, and a motor. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electrification technology, high-speed motors are used in more and more application scenarios. However, high-speed or high-power density motors generate relatively more heat, which puts higher requirements on the cooling technology of the motor.

[0003] In the prior art, natural wind is generally generated by a fan for cooling, and the area through which the flow channel of the cooling medium passes is generally limited, resulting in a limited cooling area and uneven cooling, and an unsatisfactory cooling effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a stator monomer for a motor, which is used to solve the problem of unsatisfactory cooling effect in the prior art, and helps to increase the cooling area of ​​the motor and improve the uniformity of the cooling of the motor.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided in this application are as follows:

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a stator monomer, which includes a winding and a magnetic core; the winding includes at least one layer of stacking, the stacking is wrapped around the magnetic core, the stacking includes a first section distributed on both sides of the magnetic core along a first direction and a second section connecting the first sections on both sides, and the first section on one side of at least one layer of stacking is a through structure, which allows the cooling medium to pass through. In the above technical solution, by designing the first section of the winding as a through structure, the cooling medium can flow from one end to the other end through the through structure, and the winding and the core are cooled along the way, which greatly shortens the distance between the hot spot in the winding and the refrigerant, significantly increases the cooling area and improves the cooling uniformity, reduces the peak temperature rise inside the motor, and thus has a more ideal cooling effect.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the winding includes at least two stacks, the first sections on both sides of each stack are connected by the second section at one end of the stack, and each stack is connected to the first section of the adjacent stack by the second section at the other end; the first section on one side of at least one stack is a solid structure. In the above technical solution, part of the first section adopts a solid structure to flexibly reduce electromagnetic energy loss, and a balance between heat dissipation performance and electromagnetic energy loss is achieved by adopting a combination of a through first section and a solid first section.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the resistance value of the first section of each stacked layer is equal to the resistance value of the second section. In the above technical solution, the first section and the second section maintain the consistency of resistance, ensuring the stability and reliability of the motor.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the first section on one side of at least one stack is a hollow structure, forming a pipe through which the cooling medium can pass. In the above technical solution, the first section is a hollow structure, which can reduce the loss of the cooling medium, thereby facilitating the recovery of the cooling medium for recycling and improving the utilization rate of the cooling medium.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the cross-section extension direction of one or both ends of the first section of the through structure is at an acute angle or an obtuse angle with the first direction. In the above technical solution, the end face cross section of the first section has a certain inclination angle, which can utilize the flow field generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor to promote the cooling medium to enter the first section of the through structure, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the winding is composed of at least two layers of material, and at least one layer of material is a conductor. The working performance can be improved by selecting and combining different materials and designing the structure.

[0012] The present application also provides a stator, including multiple stator monomers and at least one fixed ring, wherein at least one end of the magnetic core of the stator monomer along the first direction has a fixed groove; the two sides of the multiple stator monomers along the first direction are adjacently spliced ​​into a circular ring, the adjacent fixed grooves are spliced ​​to form an annular groove, and the fixed ring is connected and matched with the annular groove. In the above technical solution, multiple stator monomers can be assembled together through the connection and matching of the fixed ring and the annular groove, and the stator monomers are independent of each other. When a stator monomer fails, it is easy to disassemble and replace, and has good interchangeability.

[0013] As a preferred solution, at least one fixing groove has a dovetail groove, the fixing ring has a dovetail buckle corresponding to the dovetail groove, and the dovetail groove and the dovetail buckle are matched and fixed. In the above technical solution, better guiding installation and fixation can be achieved by matching the dovetail groove and the dovetail buckle.

[0014] The present application also provides a motor, comprising: a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor is arranged in the stator. In the above technical solution, by designing the first section of the winding as a through structure, the cooling medium can flow from one end to the other end through the through structure, and the winding and the core are cooled along the way, which greatly shortens the distance between the hot spot in the winding and the refrigerant, significantly increases the cooling area and improves the cooling uniformity, reduces the peak temperature rise inside the motor, and thus has a more ideal cooling effect, and the stator of the motor is composed of a modular stator monomer, which has good interchangeability.

[0015] As a preferred solution, a cooling device is also included, the cooling device is located at one end of the stator in the axial direction, and the cooling device can allow the cooling medium to pass through the first section of the through structure to cool the winding, and the cooling medium is low-temperature gas, high-speed gas or insulating liquid. In the above technical solution, the motor has a cooling device for generating or storing a cooling medium, and the cooling medium is a low-temperature gas, a high-speed gas or an insulating liquid, and the cooling effect is better.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a stator monomer provided by the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a winding of a stator unit provided in the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 Shown are cross-sectional views of some embodiments of windings of a stator unit provided by the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a magnetic core of a stator monomer provided in the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a stator embodiment provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor provided by the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 Shown Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the assembly structure of two stator monomers shown;

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. winding; 11. first section; 12. second section; 2. magnetic core; 21. fixing groove; 22. dovetail groove; 3. fixing ring; 4. rotor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] The rapid development of electrification technology has put forward higher requirements for motor power density and safety. High-power density motors and high-speed motors generate more heat than general motors. Among them, the stator winding conductor has a high heat generation rate, poor heat dissipation, and is prone to insulation failure, which is a weak point in the thermal performance of the body. Traditional forms of external cooling technology severely limit the performance of motors in high-torque and high-speed working areas. In addition, in the existing technology, when the winding fails due to insulation failure, it is difficult to repair.

[0030] In order to solve the technical problem of low cooling efficiency in the prior art, the present application provides a stator monomer, in which the winding 1 is partially or completely stacked and adopts a through structure, so that the cooling medium can pass through the winding 1 to cool the winding 1 and the magnetic core 2, which significantly increases the cooling area and improves the cooling uniformity. In addition, the stator monomer provided by the present application is highly modular and has good interchangeability.

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The present application provides a stator monomer, which includes a winding 1 and a magnetic core 2; wherein the winding 1 includes at least one layer of stacking, the stacking is wrapped around the magnetic core 2, the stacking includes a first section 11 distributed on both sides of the magnetic core 2 along a first direction and a second section 12 connecting the first sections 11 on both sides, and the first section 11 on one side of at least one layer of stacking is a through structure, which allows the cooling medium to pass through. In the above technical solution, by designing the first section 11 of the winding 1 as a through structure, the cooling medium can flow from one end to the other end through the through structure, and the winding 1 and the core are cooled along the way, which greatly shortens the distance between the hot spot in the winding 1 and the refrigerant, significantly increases the cooling area and improves the cooling uniformity, reduces the peak temperature rise inside the motor, and thus has a more ideal cooling effect.

[0033] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the winding 1 of the stator monomer has multiple layers of stacking, each stacking layer includes a first section 11 and a second section 12, the first sections 11 on both sides of each stacking layer are connected through the second section 12 at one end of the stacking layer, and each stacking layer is connected to the first section 11 of the adjacent stacking layer through the second section 12 at the other end, so that the winding 1 is wrapped around the magnetic core 2 to form a coil configuration connected to the power supply for operation. The first section 11 and / or the second section 12 can be rectangular, arc-edged rectangular, circular, elliptical or other combined shapes. The winding 1 is a conductor, and the outer layer has an insulating layer, and the outer surface of the magnetic core 2 also has an insulating layer, and the insulating layer material has high thermal conductivity and insulation properties.

[0034] Optionally, the first section 11 is a hollow structure, and the second section 12 is a solid structure. Furthermore, the resistance values ​​of the first section 11 and the second section 12 may be equal through material selection, cross-sectional area adjustment, and the like.

[0035] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown in (a), ribs may be provided inside the first section 11. The ribs can expand the contact area between the first section 11 and the cooling medium, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance.

[0036] Optionally, the extending directions of the cross sections at both ends of the first section 11 and the first direction form an acute angle or an obtuse angle, such as Figure 2 As shown, the angle between the extension direction of the end section of the first section 11 and the first direction can be designed according to the flow field of the rotor 4, so that the flow field generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor 4 can be utilized to promote the cooling medium to enter the first section 11 of the through structure, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0037] Optionally, the winding 1 may be made of conductors such as copper, aluminum, and iron, and the magnetic core 2 may be made of silicon steel, alumina ceramics, and the like, and both may be insulated by coating with an insulating layer or plating with insulating layer materials.

[0038] Optionally, the winding 1 can be made of multiple layers of materials by using additive manufacturing or other technologies, and the working performance can be improved by selecting and combining different materials and designing the structure. For example, the winding 1 has two layers, the upper layer of the winding 1 is made of copper or silver, and the lower layer is made of aluminum or iron; or the winding 1 has two layers, the inner layer of the winding 1 is made of aluminum or iron, and the outer layer is made of copper or silver.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the first section 11 extends in the first direction, that is, the axial direction of the stator monomer, so the first section 11 is a hollow structure, which allows the cooling medium to pass through the stator monomer to achieve uniform cooling of the winding 1 and the magnetic core 2, and the second section 12 is distributed at both ends of the stator monomer, with a relatively short length and relatively less heat generation, so the second section 12 adopts a solid structure to reduce electromagnetic energy loss, improve heat dissipation performance, and maximize electromagnetic energy low loss. Further, the winding 1 can be precisely processed and manufactured by rigid conductor stamping and additive manufacturing processes, and the material properties of the first section 11 and the second section 12 can be improved by mixing different materials and purposefully controlling the material composition, or by adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the first section 11 and the second section 12, so as to ensure the consistency of the resistance value and structural performance of the winding 1. Further, the end section of the first section 11 has a certain inclination angle, which can utilize the flow field generated by the high-speed rotation of the rotor 4 to promote the cooling medium to enter the first section 11 of the through structure, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.

[0040] In some other embodiments, the winding 1 may also be stacked in only one layer. The number of stacked layers may be set according to the motor requirements, so as to meet the performance requirements while reducing the size of the motor.

[0041] In some other embodiments, the first section 11 may also be other through structures, such as Figure 3 As shown in (c), a semi-open structure can be adopted, such as Figure 3 As shown in (d), an L-diagonal structure can be adopted. The AC loss can be flexibly reduced by the through-structure design.

[0042] In some other embodiments, the end section of the first section 11 of the through structure may have a flow guiding structure, such as Figure 3 As shown in (e), the end surface of the first section 11 is a trumpet-shaped opening, which is conducive to guiding the fluid to enter and increase the flow rate.

[0043] In some other embodiments, the first section 11 on one or both sides of the partial stack may also be a solid structure, and the second section 12 on one or both ends of the partial stack may also be a through structure. Figure 3 As shown in (b), the winding 1 achieves a balance between heat dissipation performance and electromagnetic energy loss by combining a through structure and a solid structure.

[0044] In some other embodiments, only the cross-sectional extension direction of one end of the first segment 11 is at an acute angle or an obtuse angle with the first direction. One end can be selected to have an inclination angle according to the structural design of the motor, which can improve the heat dissipation performance while reducing processing difficulty, material usage and space occupancy.

[0045] The present application also provides a stator, including a plurality of stator monomers and at least one fixing ring 3, wherein at least one end of the magnetic core 2 of the stator monomer along the first direction has a fixing groove 21; the two sides of the plurality of stator monomers along the first direction are adjacently spliced ​​into a circular ring, the fixing grooves 21 are adjacently spliced ​​to form an annular groove, and the fixing ring 3 is connected and matched with the annular groove. In the above technical solution, the plurality of stator monomers can be assembled together through the connection and matching of the fixing ring 3 and the annular groove, and the stator monomers are independent of each other. When a stator monomer fails, it is easy to disassemble and replace, and has good interchangeability.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, each magnetic core 2 of the stator has fixed grooves 21 at both ends, and multiple stator monomers are adjacently spliced ​​on both sides along the first direction to form a circular ring. The fixed grooves 21 on each magnetic core 2 are adjacently spliced ​​to form an annular groove, and two fixing rings 3 are connected and cooperated with the annular grooves at both ends of the magnetic core 2 to achieve modular installation of the stator.

[0047] Optional, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fixing groove 21 of each magnetic core 2 has a dovetail groove 22, and the fixing ring 3 has a dovetail buckle corresponding to the dovetail groove 22, and the dovetail groove 22 is fixed with the dovetail buckle. The dovetail groove 22 has a good guiding and fixing effect, and improves the stability of the installation structure.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the stator monomer adopts a modular design and has good interchangeability. When a stator monomer fails, the stator monomer can be directly disassembled and replaced for easy maintenance. During assembly, the fixing ring 3 can ensure that the magnetic core 2 is not easily deformed and the inner and outer circle dimensions are stable.

[0049] In some other embodiments, the magnetic core 2 , which may be one or more stator monomers, has a dovetail groove 22 .

[0050] The present application also provides a stator, including: a stator unit, an annular shell; each magnetic core 2 and one of the corresponding positions of the annular shell have a protrusion, each magnetic core 2 and the other corresponding position of the annular shell have a groove, and each magnetic core 2 and the annular shell are connected and matched through the protrusion and the groove. In the above technical solution, the magnetic core 2 can be fixed on the annular shell by plugging, and the stator units are independent of each other. When a stator unit fails, it is easy to disassemble and replace, and has good interchangeability.

[0051] In some embodiments, each magnetic core 2 of the stator has a dovetail protrusion, and a plurality of dovetail grooves are provided at corresponding positions of the annular shell, so that the stator unit can be plugged into the annular shell. The dovetail grooves have good guiding and fixing effects, thereby improving the stability of the installation structure.

[0052] In the above embodiment, the stator monomer adopts a modular design and has good interchangeability. When a stator monomer fails, the stator monomer can be directly disassembled and replaced for easy maintenance. During assembly, the fixing ring 3 can ensure that the magnetic core 2 is not easily deformed and the inner and outer circle dimensions are stable.

[0053] The present application also provides a motor, comprising: a rotor 4 and a stator, wherein the rotor 4 is arranged in the stator. In the above technical solution, by designing the first section 11 of the winding 1 as a through structure, the cooling medium can flow from one end to the other end through the through structure, and the winding 1 and the core are cooled along the way, which greatly shortens the distance between the hot spot in the winding 1 and the refrigerant, significantly increases the cooling area and improves the cooling uniformity, reduces the peak temperature rise inside the motor, and thus has a more ideal cooling effect, and the stator of the motor is composed of a modular stator monomer, which has good interchangeability.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the motor adopts a Halbach rotor 4 structure, which is divided into multiple stator monomers according to the circulation of the magnetization direction of the magnetic core 2, and the corresponding splicing areas are set according to the number of magnetic cores 2 included and the size of the magnetic core 2, and the limit is set in each splicing area.

[0055] Optional, such as Figure 7 As shown, the cross-sections of the same end of the first sections 11 of the adjacent through structures of two adjacent stator monomers are coplanar, thereby ensuring that the cooling medium can fully enter each stator monomer under the action of the flow field, and maximally utilizing the effect of the flow field to deliver the cooling medium into the winding 1.

[0056] Optionally, the motor further includes a cooling device, which can generate or store low-temperature hydrogen. The cooling device is located at one end of the stator in the axial direction, and the cooling device sends the low-temperature hydrogen into the first section 11 of the through structure to cool the winding 1. In the above technical solution, the use of low-temperature hydrogen has a better cooling effect than natural wind, and the low-temperature hydrogen can be recycled after heating. For example, as the gas supply for the fuel cell, the fuel cell does not need to heat the low-temperature hydrogen separately, which cleverly utilizes the waste heat during the operation of the motor and reduces energy consumption.

[0057] In some other embodiments, the motor may be of other types such as an embedded type or a built-in type rotor 4 .

[0058] In some other embodiments, the cooling medium may be other low-temperature gases, high-speed gases or insulating liquids. When insulating liquids, flammable, explosive or toxic gases are used as cooling medium, the first section 11 may adopt a sealed hollow structure and form a sealed loop with the cooling device to avoid leakage or overflow of the cooling medium and cause safety accidents.

[0059] The cooling working principle of the stator monomer, stator and motor provided in this application is as follows:

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the direction of the arrow is the flow direction of the cooling medium. The cooling medium is filled into one end of the first section 11 of each through structure, and under the push of gasification pressure, wind pressure or pump pressure, flows to the other end through the through structure and enters the next use stage, cooling the winding 1, magnetic core 2 and other components along the way.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application may be combined with each other.

[0062] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A stator monomer, characterized in that: The stator monomer includes a winding and a magnetic core; The winding includes at least one layer of stacking, and the stacking is wrapped around the magnetic core. The stacking includes first sections distributed on both sides of the magnetic core along a first direction and second sections connecting the first sections on both sides. The first section on one side of at least one layer of the stacking is a through structure, which allows cooling medium to pass through.

2. The stator monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding comprises at least two layers of the stacks, the first sections on both sides of each layer of the stacks are connected through the second section at one end of the stacks, and each layer of the stacks is connected to the first section of the adjacent stack through the second section at the other end; The first section on one side of at least one layer of the stack is a solid structure.

3. The stator monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance value of the first section of each layer of the stack is equal to the resistance value of the second section.

4. The stator monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first section on one side of at least one layer of the stack is a hollow structure, forming a pipeline that allows the cooling medium to pass through.

5. The stator monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle between an extension direction of a cross section at one end or both ends of the first section of the through structure and the first direction is an acute angle or an obtuse angle.

6. The stator monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding is composed of at least two layers of material, and at least one layer of material is a conductor.

7. A stator, characterized in that: include: A plurality of stator monomers according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and at least one fixing ring, wherein at least one end of the magnetic core of the stator monomer along the first direction has a fixing groove; A plurality of the stator monomers are adjacently spliced ​​on both sides along the first direction to form a circular ring, the fixing grooves are adjacently spliced ​​to form an annular groove, and the fixing ring is connected and matched with the annular groove.

8. The stator according to claim 7, characterized in that At least one of the fixing grooves has a dovetail groove, and the fixing ring has a dovetail buckle corresponding to the dovetail groove, and the dovetail groove is fixed in cooperation with the dovetail buckle.

9. A motor, characterized in that: include: A rotor, a stator as claimed in any one of claims 7 to 8, The rotor is arranged inside the stator or outside the stator.

10. The motor according to claim 9, characterized in that Also included is a cooling device, the cooling device is located at one end of the stator in the axial direction, and the cooling device can allow the cooling medium to pass through the first section of the through structure to cool the winding; The cooling medium is low-temperature gas, high-speed gas or insulating liquid.

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