Prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure and process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of culvert construction, in particular to a prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure and process, the structure is provided with wing walls arranged on the two sides of a culvert opening, and each wing wall comprises a plurality of prefabricated bases provided with a bottom plate; the prefabricated breast boards and the prefabricated base are sequentially combined and spliced in a crossed mode from the culvert opening to the two outward sides, and the heights of the prefabricated breast boards and the prefabricated base are gradually reduced; the first cast-in-place concrete structure is located below the prefabricated soil retaining plate and serves as a support of the prefabricated soil retaining plate, and the first cast-in-place concrete structure and all the bottom plates are cast together in place to form a wing wall foundation; the second cast-in-place concrete structure is arranged between the prefabricated base and the culvert side wall, and the prefabricated base and the culvert side wall are cast together in place, so that the culvert and the wing wall form a whole; under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure, the whole hole structure and the culvert are connected into a whole, the structural stress is improved, the overall bearing capacity of the hole structure is improved, the material consumption is reduced, and the cost can be effectively saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of culvert construction, in particular to a prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert cross-shaped wall opening structure and process. Background Art

[0002] In highway construction, culverts are important drainage and traffic facilities, and their design and construction have a key impact on the overall project quality. Traditional culvert openings usually adopt an eight-shaped wall-type opening structure. This design form is widely used due to its good stability, superior diversion performance, strong anti-scouring ability, and wide adaptability. However, the current eight-shaped wall-type opening wall is generally an M7.5 mortar-stone gravity wall or a semi-gravity wall of plain concrete. The construction mostly relies on on-site cast-in-place technology, which has the disadvantages of difficult quality control, long construction period, large environmental impact, and high cost.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN106801384A discloses an assembled reinforced concrete eight-shaped wall-type culvert opening and construction method, which adopts centralized production of prefabricated buttress-type reinforced concrete retaining walls and prefabricated cantilever-type reinforced concrete retaining walls, and is suitable for various types of culvert passages of different sizes through different combinations. The assembly is achieved by fixing the connecting steel plates between the segments of adjacent retaining walls with pre-buried screws. The main components are prefabricated components that are not affected by the external environment and can also improve the quality of the project, shorten the construction period, reduce the project cost, reduce land occupation and environmental pollution, and reflect good economic and social benefits. The prefabricated components in this scheme have to withstand large soil pressure and backfill pressure, and the assembled structure composed of prefabricated components has a weaker bearing capacity than the traditional cast-in-place structure, and there is a potential risk of instability. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert eight-shaped wall opening structure and process, by which the entire opening structure and the culvert are connected as one under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure, the structural stress is improved and the overall bearing capacity of the opening structure is increased. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, a prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure has wing walls arranged on both sides of the culvert opening, and each wing wall comprises: If the interference base is controlled, a bottom plate is provided; If there is an interference retaining plate, it is assembled and combined with the prefabricated base in sequence from the culvert opening to the outside and both sides, and the height is gradually reduced; A first cast-in-place concrete structure, located below the precast retaining plate as its support, and cast in situ with the entire base plate to form a wing wall foundation; The second cast-in-place concrete structure is arranged between the prefabricated base and the culvert side wall and the two are cast together on site so that the culvert and the wing wall form a whole.

[0005] As a further implementation method, after installation, the prefabricated base presents an inverted T-shaped structure, and further includes a vertical plate located above the bottom plate, and the prefabricated base is connected to the prefabricated retaining plate through the vertical plate.

[0006] As a further implementation method, the vertical plate and the prefabricated retaining plate are connected by arranging embedded screws and segment connecting steel plates.

[0007] As a further implementation method, the horizontal section of the prefabricated retaining board is T-shaped, and the prefabricated base also includes ribs arranged on the side of the vertical plate and forming a tongue and groove that cooperates with the flange of the prefabricated retaining board.

[0008] As a further implementation, the base plate includes a rear heel plate located outside the wing wall and a front toe plate located inside the wing wall, and the front toe plate extends away from the vertical plate for a shorter distance than the rear heel plate.

[0009] As a further implementation, the cross sections of the front toe plate and the rear heel plate in the direction parallel to the upright plate are both increasing rectangular cross sections.

[0010] As a further implementation method, the prefabricated base is first arranged outward from the culvert opening and then the prefabricated retaining plate is arranged.

[0011] As a further implementation method, the prefabricated base and the prefabricated retaining plate are provided with steel bar hanging rings.

[0012] As a further implementation method, the base plate is cast as a whole with the first cast-in-place concrete structure through reserved steel bars.

[0013] In a second aspect, the construction process for prefabricating and assembling the reinforced concrete culvert cross-shaped wall opening structure according to the first aspect comprises the following steps: Make good preparations for construction, excavate the foundation pit, and pour the concrete cushion layer; produce precast bases and precast retaining panels according to design requirements, and hoist them to the designed position. When the precast bases on the adjacent two sides are installed in place, start hoisting the precast retaining panels and connect and fix them with embedded screws; after hoisting, correct and reinforce the precast bases and precast retaining panels, and then start pouring the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure simultaneously, and seal the construction joints with mortar; finally, backfill the foundation pit and the soil behind the wall.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The prefabricated retaining plate provided in the present invention can withstand the back soil pressure, and the prefabricated base as a prefabricated retaining wall support force structure can withstand the soil pressure transmitted from the prefabricated retaining plate and the back fill pressure of the wall. During construction, since the prefabricated base and the prefabricated retaining plate are prefabricated components, prefabricated construction can be carried out, and under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure, the entire opening structure is connected to the culvert as a whole, which improves the structural stress, increases the overall bearing capacity of the opening structure, reduces the material consumption, and can effectively save costs.

[0015] 2. The present invention sets up a second cast-in-place concrete structure, and the prefabricated base near the culvert entrance is cast on-site with the culvert side wall through the second cast-in-place concrete structure to form a whole. Through a small amount of cast-in-place construction, it can adapt to different oblique angles, thereby enhancing the structural applicability.

[0016] 3. The present invention adopts an industrialized construction method of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly construction, wherein the prefabricated base and prefabricated retaining wall are prefabricated in the factory, and the prefabricated segments are transported to the site for assembly and construction. There is no need for steel bar tying and pouring on site, which not only ensures the construction quality, but also makes on-site construction convenient and fast, can effectively shorten the construction period, improve project quality, reduce environmental pollution, and meet the requirements of industrialized green construction.

[0017] 4. The present invention provides a prefabricated base and a prefabricated retaining plate, which are assembled and constructed on site in a cross-combination manner. Different combinations are suitable for culverts with different heights and oblique angles.

[0018] 5. The present invention comprehensively considers factors such as structural stress, component weight, component manufacturing, transportation and installation, and discretizes the overall solution into a variety of components. While ensuring the structural stress, it reduces the difficulty of factory prefabrication and the requirements for on-site lifting capabilities. The components of the present invention have a high degree of standardization, and only a small number of segments of specifications are required to meet the use requirements of most culvert openings. By reserving the protruding steel bars of the prefabricated components and positioning and installing them on site, concrete pouring is carried out, which not only enhances the integrity of the structure, but also is beneficial to the structural stress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the opening structure of the splayed wall of a prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a culvert structure with a hole structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side wing wall of the prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete culvert eight-shaped wall opening structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is an overall schematic diagram of a prefabricated base in a wing wall in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a prefabricated base in a wing wall in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a prefabricated retaining plate in a wing wall in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the second cast-in-place concrete structure in a wing wall in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the prefabricated retaining plate and the prefabricated base in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: the distances or sizes between parts are exaggerated to show the positions of various parts, and the schematic diagram is for reference only.

[0029] Among them: 1. prefabricated base; 11. bottom plate; 12. vertical plate; 13. rib plate; 111. front toe plate; 112. rear heel plate; 2. prefabricated retaining plate; 21. flange; 3. first cast-in-place concrete structure; 4. second cast-in-place concrete structure; 5. embedded screws; 6. segment connecting steel plates. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0031] Embodiment 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert eight-shaped wall opening structure has wing walls arranged on both sides of the culvert opening, and each wing wall includes a plurality of prefabricated bases 1, a plurality of prefabricated retaining panels 2, a first cast-in-place concrete structure 3, and a second cast-in-place concrete structure 4. The plurality of prefabricated bases 1 and the plurality of prefabricated retaining panels 2 extend outward from the opening and are cross-assembled and assembled in sequence on both sides, and the height gradually decreases. Specifically, according to the construction sequence, the prefabricated base 1 needs to be set first and then the prefabricated retaining panels 2 from the culvert opening outward, and then they are cross-assembled in sequence. The prefabricated base 1 first set outward from the culvert opening is Figure 4After the prefabricated base 1 and the prefabricated retaining plate 2 are all set, the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 and the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 are cast. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is formed between the prefabricated foundation 1 and the culvert opening.

[0032] The prefabricated base 1 and the prefabricated retaining wall 2 are first prefabricated in the factory, and then the prefabricated segments are transported to the site for assembly construction. There is no need to carry out steel bar binding and pouring on site, which not only ensures the construction quality, but also makes the on-site construction convenient and fast, can effectively shorten the construction period, improve the project quality, reduce environmental pollution, and meet the requirements of industrialized green construction.

[0033] The first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 is located below the precast retaining plate 2 as its support. The precast base 1 is provided with a bottom plate 11. The bottom plate 11 is laterally cast on-site with the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 through reserved protruding steel bars (not shown in the figure) to form a wing wall foundation, serving as the bottom foundation of the wing wall.

[0034] It is understandable that if Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the reserved protruding steel bars are specifically arranged on the side of the bottom plate 11 close to the precast retaining plate 2, and one end of the reserved protruding steel bars is fixed inside the bottom plate 11 and protrudes from the side of the bottom plate 11, so that after the precast base 1 and the precast retaining plate 2 are installed, the reserved protruding steel bars can be located directly below the precast retaining plate 2, so as to facilitate the subsequent pouring of the reserved protruding steel bars inside the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 to improve the strength.

[0035] The prefabricated base 1 near the culvert opening is cast on-site as a whole with the culvert side wall through the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4. The second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 can be adapted to different skew angles through cast-in-place construction, thereby enhancing the structural applicability.

[0036] The prefabricated retaining plate 2 provided in this embodiment can withstand the back soil pressure, and the prefabricated base 1 as a prefabricated retaining wall supporting force-bearing structure withstands the soil pressure transmitted from the prefabricated retaining plate 2 and the back fill pressure of the wall. During construction, since the prefabricated base 1 and the prefabricated retaining plate 2 are prefabricated components, they can be assembled and constructed, and under the action of the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 and the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4, the entire opening structure and the connection with the culvert are integrated, which improves the structural stress and improves the overall bearing capacity of the opening structure.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the prefabricated base 1 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete component, which is processed and manufactured in a factory and is a variable height component. The height of the prefabricated base 1 gradually decreases from close to the culvert opening to far away from the culvert opening.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the prefabricated base 1 after installation is an inverted T-shaped structure, which is composed of a bottom plate 11, a vertical plate 12 and a rib plate 13. The vertical plate 12 mainly plays a role of vertical support, and the bottom plate 11 includes a front toe plate 111 and a rear heel plate 112, the rear heel plate 112 is located outside the wing wall, and the front toe plate 111 is located inside the wing wall. The extension distance of the front toe plate 111 away from the vertical plate 12 is smaller than the extension distance of the rear heel plate 112 away from the vertical plate 12, and the widths of the front toe plate 111 and the rear heel plate 112 are the same.

[0039] The cross section of the front toe plate 111 in a direction parallel to the upright plate 12 is a gradually increasing rectangular cross section, and the cross section of the rear heel plate 112 in a direction parallel to the upright plate 12 is also a gradually increasing rectangular cross section.

[0040] A rib plate 13 is arranged on one side of the vertical plate 12 located outside the wing wall, and the rib plate 13 serves as a reinforcement. The positions of the rib plates 13 on the vertical plates 12 of the prefabricated bases 1 at different heights are different. For the prefabricated base 1 arranged in the middle, the rib plate 13 is located in the middle of the vertical plate 12, and the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 13 are horizontally cut into a T-shaped section. For the prefabricated base 1 arranged at the beginning and the end, the rib plate 13 is located at the side of the vertical plate 12, and the vertical plate 12 and the rib plate 13 are horizontally cut into an L-shaped section, the purpose of which is to cooperate with the assembly of the prefabricated retaining plate 2.

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, the prefabricated retaining plate 2 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete component, which is processed and manufactured in a factory. It is also a variable height component. From the culvert opening to the culvert opening, the height of the prefabricated retaining plate 2 gradually decreases. The horizontal section of the prefabricated retaining plate 2 is a T-shaped section. The flanges 21 on both sides are used to buckle on the prefabricated base 1. The segment connecting steel plate 6 is fixed by the embedded screw 5 to realize the assembly connection with the prefabricated base 1. Figure 8 As shown; the prefabricated retaining plate 2 can be formed as one piece, or it can be discretely formed into multiple panels, and the upper and lower panels can be spliced ​​together through a tongue-and-groove structure.

[0042] The prefabricated base 1 is positioned at a designated position in the direction of the splayed wall, and after the positioning is completed, the prefabricated retaining plate 2 is assembled and constructed. The prefabricated retaining plate 2 is used in conjunction with the prefabricated base 1. After assembly and positioning, it is fixed and connected with bolts, and its height is adjusted according to the prefabricated bases 1 on both sides.

[0043] The prefabricated base 1 and the prefabricated retaining plate 2 are positioned and installed on both sides by tongue and groove, and then fixedly connected with the prefabricated base 1 by bolts. During installation, the tongue and groove module of the prefabricated base 1 is aligned with the tongue and groove module of the prefabricated retaining plate 2, and after installation, they are connected by bolts, and then waterproofed.

[0044] The prefabricated base 1 is cast as a whole through the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3. Connecting steel bars are reserved during the prefabrication of the prefabricated base 1 in the factory. After the on-site positioning and installation are completed, the steel bars are tied at the construction site, and the mold is erected and the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 is cast.

[0045] The first cast-in-place concrete structure 3 is a cast-in-place long strip reinforced concrete foundation, which forms an integral foundation with the bottom plate 11 of the prefabricated base 1 through cast-in-place concrete and is arranged on both sides of the culvert.

[0046] The prefabricated base 1 is provided with steel bar hanging rings on the side and back of the vertical plate 12 , the side of the rear heel plate 112 and the front toe plate 111 , and the upper surface of the rear heel plate 112 .

[0047] Steel bar lifting rings are arranged on the back and upper and lower surfaces of the prefabricated retaining plate 2. The steel bar lifting rings are used for component lifting and transportation and on-site positioning and installation.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is reserved between the prefabricated base 1 near the culvert opening and the culvert opening. The prefabricated base 1 needs to extend the steel bars outward. The second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 uses cast-in-place concrete to connect the prefabricated base 1 with the extended steel bars of the culvert side wall. The second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 can be cast at the same time as the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3.

[0049] In the highway culvert project, there will be a certain oblique angle between the center line of the culvert and the center line of the highway. The culvert opening scheme of this embodiment can adapt to the selection of openings at different oblique angles, adjust the opening angle of the wing wall through the culvert side wall and the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3, and adapt to culverts of different heights. The wing wall of this embodiment can match the angle range of 45°~135° between the culvert body and the highway route.

[0050] The prefabricated base 1 and the prefabricated retaining plate 2 are both factory-prefabricated and assembled. After the prefabricated modules are prefabricated by a specialized factory, they are transported to the site by a special vehicle, unloaded by a crane, and then installed on site after passing the inspection.

[0051] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a construction process for prefabricating and assembling a reinforced concrete culvert cross-shaped wall opening structure according to the first embodiment, comprising the following steps: 1. Construction preparation: Conduct a detailed survey of the construction site to determine the location, size and foundation conditions of the opening, ensure that the construction area is flat and has the conditions for assembly and construction; conduct technical briefings to clarify the technical requirements and precautions for each process; mobilize lifting equipment, construction tools and prefabricated components to ensure smooth transportation routes, reasonable site layout, and safe and orderly material stacking.

[0052] 2. Excavation of foundation pit: According to the design requirements, precise measurements and layout are carried out, the foundation pit is excavated, the slopes of the excavation area are supported, the bottom of the foundation pit is leveled and compacted, and if necessary, replacement or cushion treatment is carried out to ensure that the foundation bearing capacity meets the design requirements.

[0053] 3. Pad construction: Pour the concrete cushion layer, ensure that the flatness of the cushion layer meets the requirements, and proceed to the next step of construction after the concrete reaches a certain strength.

[0054] 4. Installation of prefabricated base 1: When the cushion construction is completed and meets the design requirements, the prefabricated base 1 that has been produced is hoisted. 5. Installation of prefabricated retaining wall 2: After the prefabricated bases 1 on the adjacent two sides are installed in place, the prefabricated retaining plates 2 that have been produced are hoisted and connected and fixed with pre-buried screws 5.

[0055] 6. Correction and reinforcement of prefabricated components: Use measuring tools to calibrate the verticality and flatness of prefabricated components to ensure the accuracy of component installation. If necessary, use temporary supports to ensure stability during installation.

[0056] 7. Cast-in-place structure construction: After the prefabricated retaining plate 2 and the prefabricated base 1 are calibrated, a mold is erected to cast the first cast-in-place concrete structure 3, and the second cast-in-place concrete structure 4 is cast simultaneously. 8. Mortar sealing: After the installation is completed, the embedded bolt holes on the prefabricated retaining plate 2 and the construction joints between the prefabricated base 1 can be sealed with mortar.

[0057] 9. Quality inspection and acceptance: Carry out comprehensive inspection on the installation accuracy, joint treatment, grouting quality, etc. of prefabricated components to ensure that the construction quality meets the design requirements.

[0058] 10. Drainage, foundation pit and backfill construction behind the wall: Carry out structural drainage construction, foundation pit earthwork, backfill earthwork behind the wall, and compact the backfill soil in layers. During the construction process, small compaction equipment should be used to symmetrically fill the backfill area on both sides of the rib plate, compact it in layers, and avoid using heavy machinery.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert eight-shaped wall opening structure, characterized in that: The wing walls are arranged on both sides of the culvert opening, and each side of the wing wall includes: If the interference base is controlled, a bottom plate is provided; If there is an interference retaining plate, it is assembled and combined with the prefabricated base in sequence from the culvert opening to the outside and both sides, and the height is gradually reduced; A first cast-in-place concrete structure, located below the precast retaining plate as its support, and cast in situ with the entire base plate to form a wing wall foundation; The second cast-in-place concrete structure is arranged between the prefabricated base and the culvert side wall and the two are cast together on site so that the culvert and the wing wall form a whole.

2. A prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: After installation, the prefabricated base presents an inverted T-shaped structure and further comprises a vertical plate located above the bottom plate, and the prefabricated base is connected to the prefabricated retaining plate through the vertical plate.

3. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The vertical plate is connected to the prefabricated retaining plate by arranging embedded screw rods and segment connecting steel plates.

4. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The horizontal section of the prefabricated retaining plate is T-shaped, and the prefabricated base also includes ribs arranged on the side of the vertical plate and forming a tongue and groove that cooperates with the flange of the prefabricated retaining plate.

5. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom plate includes a rear heel plate located outside the wing wall and a front toe plate located inside the wing wall, wherein the extension distance of the front toe plate away from the vertical plate is smaller than the extension distance of the rear heel plate away from the vertical plate.

6. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cross sections of the front toe plate and the rear heel plate in the direction parallel to the vertical plate are both gradually increasing rectangular cross sections.

7. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated base is first arranged outward from the culvert opening and then the prefabricated retaining plate is arranged.

8. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The prefabricated base and the prefabricated retaining plate are provided with steel bar hanging rings.

9. The prefabricated reinforced concrete culvert splayed wall opening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate is cast as a whole with the first cast-in-place concrete structure through reserved steel bars.

10. The construction process for prefabricating and assembling the reinforced concrete culvert cross-shaped wall opening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Make good preparations for construction, excavate the foundation pit, and pour the concrete cushion layer; produce precast bases and precast retaining panels according to design requirements, and hoist them to the designed position. When the precast bases on the adjacent two sides are installed in place, start hoisting the precast retaining panels and connect and fix them with embedded screws; after hoisting, correct and reinforce the precast bases and precast retaining panels, and then start pouring the first cast-in-place concrete structure and the second cast-in-place concrete structure simultaneously, and seal the construction joints with mortar; finally, carry out foundation pit and backfill construction of the soil behind the wall.

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