Coal mine tunnel reinforcing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel surrounding rock, and provides a coal mine tunnel reinforcing method. The coal mine tunnel reinforcing method comprises the steps that S1, a tunnel top plate at the top of a coal mine tunnel is reinforced; s2, roadway top coal at the top of the coal mine roadway is subjected to multi-layer reinforcement; and S3, the roadway coal sides on the two sides of the coal mine roadway are subjected to multi-layer reinforcement. According to the coal mine tunnel reinforcing method, the defects that in the prior art, when a coal mine tunnel reinforcing method is applied to an extremely soft and ultra-thick coal seam, the gravity from the vertical direction of a tunnel top plate and the extrusion force from the horizontal direction of the deep parts of the two sides cannot be resisted, and the tunnel collapse is easily caused are overcome, and the coal mine tunnel reinforcing method with the higher supporting capacity is achieved. Roadway roof collapse and coal side deformation can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surrounding rock of coal mine tunnels, and in particular to a method for reinforcing coal mine tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine accidents are the number one safety accident that needs to be prevented in my country's underground coal mining. The excavation and support of the three soft and thick coal seams in my country are extremely difficult. The fully-mechanized caving mining roadway is excavated along the bottom and top coal is left. Especially for the roadway with a soft coal seam roof, the soft coal seam has lower strength and worse stability.

[0003] The existing method for reinforcing coal mine tunnels is to perform grouting on the roof and to form a shallow short anchor bearing structure on both sides through anchor rod support.

[0004] However, the existing coal mine tunnel reinforcement methods are not sufficient to resist the vertical gravity from the tunnel roof and the horizontal squeezing pressure from the deep two walls, and there is a risk of tunnel collapse. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method, which is used to solve the problem that the coal mine tunnel reinforcement method in the prior art is not enough to resist the vertical gravity from the tunnel roof and the horizontal squeezing pressure from the deep two sides when applied to extremely soft and thick coal seams, which easily causes the tunnel collapse. This method of coal mine tunnel reinforcement with stronger support capability can effectively prevent the tunnel roof collapse and coal side deformation.

[0006] The present invention provides a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method, comprising: Strengthen the tunnel roof at the top of the coal mine tunnel; Performing multi-layer reinforcement on the top coal of the coal mine roadway; The coal walls of the coal mine tunnel on both sides are reinforced at multiple levels.

[0007] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the reinforcement of the tunnel roof at the top of the coal mine tunnel is implemented based on a roof reinforcement device, and the roof reinforcement device includes: A plurality of reinforcement members are arranged at intervals inside the roof of the coal mine tunnel along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel; A plurality of limiting components are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the reinforcing member along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel, and are used to limit the reinforcing member.

[0008] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the limiting component includes: A bearing member, arranged at the bottom of the reinforcing member along the width direction of the coal mine tunnel; A plurality of fixing members penetrate through the bearing member and are embedded in the top coal of the roadway to fix the bearing member.

[0009] According to a coal mine roadway reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the multi-layer reinforcement of the roadway top coal at the top of the coal mine roadway comprises: embedding the plurality of first anchoring members sequentially from the bottom of the reinforcement member upward into the top coal of the roadway; embedding a plurality of the second anchoring members sequentially from the bottom of the reinforcement member upward into the top coal of the roadway; Wherein, the first anchor and the second anchor have different lengths.

[0010] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the length of the first anchor is 4m-6m, and the length of the second anchor is 6m-8m.

[0011] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the first anchoring piece and the second anchoring piece are arranged at intervals.

[0012] According to a coal mine roadway reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the multi-level reinforcement of the roadway coal walls on both sides of the coal mine roadway includes: Embedding a plurality of third anchors into the corresponding coal walls of the tunnel in sequence from both sides of the tunnel; Embedding a plurality of fourth anchors into the corresponding coal walls of the tunnel in sequence from both sides of the tunnel; Wherein, the third anchor and the fourth anchor have different lengths.

[0013] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the length of the third anchor is 2m-4m, and the length of the fourth anchor is 4m-6m.

[0014] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, the third anchor and the fourth anchor are arranged at intervals.

[0015] According to a coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention, pressure sensors are added inside the tunnel roof, the tunnel top coal and the tunnel coal side to monitor the pressure inside the tunnel roof, the tunnel top coal and the tunnel coal side.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel. In step S1, the tunnel roof at the top of the coal mine tunnel is reinforced, which can not only bear the pressure of the rock above, but also effectively disperse the pressure to avoid the fracture of the roof caused by local stress concentration. In step S2, the top coal of the tunnel at the top of the coal mine tunnel is reinforced in multiple levels. This step is to further strengthen the overall stability of the tunnel on the basis of the preliminary reinforcement of the roof. Multi-level reinforcement can use anchor cables of different lengths to penetrate into different layers of the top coal, and the anchor cables are tightly combined with the coal body through anchoring agents to form a stable support system. In step S3, the tunnel coal walls on both sides of the coal mine tunnel are reinforced in multiple levels. These measures can effectively prevent the displacement or collapse of the coal walls due to lateral pressure.

[0017] In summary, the present invention can significantly improve the safety and reliability of coal mine tunnels through multi-level and multi-directional reinforcement of the roof, top coal and coal side of the tunnel, provide a safer working environment for miners, and also provide a solid guarantee for the efficient production of coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the coal mine tunnel reinforcement method.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a coal mine tunnel provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is one of the implementation structure schematic diagrams of the coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is the third schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the coal mine tunnel reinforcement method provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure numerals: 100: roof reinforcement device; 110: reinforcement member; 120: bearing member; 130: fixing member; 210: first anchoring member; 220: second anchoring member; 310: third anchoring member; 320: fourth anchoring member; 400: coal mine tunnel; 410: tunnel roof; 420: tunnel top coal; 430: tunnel coal wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0031] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 6 Embodiments of the present invention are described.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel 400, comprising: S1, reinforcing the tunnel roof 410 at the top of the coal mine tunnel 400; S2, reinforcing the top coal 420 of the coal mine tunnel 400 at multiple levels; S3. Carry out multi-layer reinforcement on the coal walls 430 on both sides of the coal mine tunnel 400.

[0033] Specifically, in step S1, the tunnel roof 410 at the top of the coal mine tunnel 400 is reinforced. This process can be achieved by using high-strength support materials, such as steel pipes or anchors, which are directly fixed on the tunnel roof 410 to provide immediate support to prevent the natural fall caused by the gravity of the roof rock layer itself. These support materials can not only bear the pressure of the rocks above, but also effectively disperse the pressure to avoid the roof fracture caused by local stress concentration.

[0034] In step S2, the top coal 420 at the top of the coal mine roadway 400 is reinforced in multiple layers. This step is to further strengthen the overall stability of the roadway on the basis of the preliminary reinforcement of the roof. Multi-layer reinforcement can use anchor cables of different lengths to penetrate into different layers of the top coal, and use anchoring agents to tightly combine the anchor cables with the coal body to form a stable support system. This design can effectively prevent the top coal from slowly sinking or stratified falling off under long-term pressure, ensure the long-term stability of the top coal area, and also help improve the bearing capacity of the entire roadway.

[0035] In step S3, it is also important to perform multi-level reinforcement on the coal walls 430 on both sides of the coal mine roadway 400. In this process, lateral support devices, such as side wall anchors, can be installed to increase the structural strength of the coal walls. These measures can effectively prevent the displacement or collapse of the coal walls due to lateral pressure. Especially during the mining process, as the working face advances, the stress state on both sides of the roadway will continue to change. Multi-level reinforcement can provide continuous protection and reduce the risk of accidents caused by coal wall instability.

[0036] In summary, the present invention can significantly improve the safety and reliability of coal mine tunnels 400 through multi-level and multi-directional reinforcement of the roof, top coal and coal side, provide a safer working environment for miners, and also provide a solid guarantee for the efficient production of coal mines.

[0037] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcement of the tunnel roof 410 at the top of the coal mine tunnel 400 is implemented based on the roof reinforcement device 100, and the roof reinforcement device 100 includes a plurality of reinforcement members 110 and a plurality of limiting components, and the plurality of reinforcement members 110 are embedded in the tunnel roof 410 at intervals along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel 400. Specifically, the plurality of reinforcement members 110 are horizontally arranged along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel 400, so that a bottom-covering structure can be formed inside the tunnel roof 410; the plurality of limiting components are fixed at intervals along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel 400 at the bottom of the reinforcement member 110, that is, the limiting components are also arranged horizontally, but the difference is that the limiting components are arranged perpendicular to the reinforcement member 110. It can be understood that the plurality of limiting components fix different parts of the reinforcement member 110, which can limit the reinforcement member 110 on the one hand, and can also cooperate with the reinforcement member 110 to form a grid structure on the other hand.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, each reinforcement member 110 penetrates into the tunnel roof 410, and its main function is to directly squeeze the tunnel roof 410, thereby increasing the density of the tunnel roof 410, thereby effectively preventing the roof from breaking or falling due to excessive pressure. This function of the reinforcement member 110 not only significantly improves the bearing capacity of the tunnel roof 410, but also greatly enhances the structural stability of the roof, reduces the risk of roof falling, and provides a safer working environment for miners.

[0039] Secondly, in order to ensure that these reinforcements 110 can function stably, the device is also equipped with limiting components. These limiting components are located at the bottom of the reinforcements 110 and are also arranged at intervals along the length of the tunnel. The main function of the limiting components is to accurately control the position of the reinforcements 110 to ensure that they do not move when under pressure. In this way, the limiting components not only maintain the overall stability of the reinforcement system, but also avoid the problem of weakening the reinforcement effect due to the displacement of the reinforcements 110. In this way, even in long-term mine operations, the reinforcements 110 can still maintain their initial position and continue to provide stable support force.

[0040] Furthermore, the reinforcement members 110 and the stopper components are arranged at intervals, so that the entire reinforcement system can flexibly adapt to different geological conditions of the tunnel roof 410. This design can provide effective support for both hard and soft rock formations. This flexibility and adaptability not only improves the reinforcement effect, but also extends the service life of the reinforcement system and reduces the cost of maintenance and replacement.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present invention, the limiting component includes a bearing member 120 and a plurality of fixing members 130. The bearing member 120 is arranged at the bottom of the reinforcing member 110 along the width direction of the coal mine roadway 400; the plurality of fixing members 130 penetrate the bearing member 120 and are embedded in the top coal 420 of the roadway to fix the bearing member 120. Specifically, the bearing member 120 is a long strip structure, the length of which is adapted to the width of the coal mine roadway 400. Each bearing member 120 is arranged along the width direction of the coal mine roadway 400, and each bearing member 120 is penetrated by a plurality of fixing members 130, and the plurality of fixing members 130 are arranged in sequence and spaced apart.

[0042] In the above structure, the bearing member 120 is arranged at the bottom of the reinforcement member 110 along the width direction of the roadway, playing the role of lateral support. The long strip structure of the bearing member 120 ensures that it can evenly distribute the support force of the reinforcement member 110. The fixing member 130 penetrates the bearing member 120 and is embedded in the top coal 420 of the roadway, firmly fixing the bearing member 120 at the bottom of the fixing member 130, further enhancing the stability of the entire reinforcement system. The interval arrangement of the fixing member 130 enables each fixing point to effectively transmit and disperse pressure, avoiding structural failure caused by local stress concentration.

[0043] The present invention not only significantly improves the bearing capacity and structural stability of the tunnel roof 410 through the joint action of the reinforcement member 110, the bearing member 120 and the fixing member 130, but also effectively prevents the displacement of the reinforcement member 110 during long-term compression. This not only reduces the risk of the tunnel roof 410 falling, improves the working safety of miners, but also prolongs the service life of the reinforcement device and reduces maintenance costs.

[0044] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present invention, step S2 includes: S2.1, embedding a plurality of first anchors 210 from the bottom of the reinforcement member 110 upward into the top coal 420 of the roadway in sequence; S2.2, embedding a plurality of second anchors 220 from the bottom of the reinforcement member 110 upward into the top coal 420 of the roadway in sequence; The first anchor 210 and the second anchor 220 have different lengths and are arranged at intervals. The first anchor 210 and the second anchor 220 can be anchor cables, which can achieve high prestress by tensioning, at least twice the prestress of the anchor rod.

[0045] Specifically, in step S2.1, a plurality of first anchors 210 are sequentially embedded into the top coal 420 of the tunnel from the bottom of the reinforcement 110 upward. The length of the first anchor 210 is relatively short, specifically 4m-6m, and is mainly used for the reinforcement of shallow top coal. These first anchors 210 are tightly combined with the top coal through anchoring agents to form a preliminary support network. The main function of this layer of reinforcement is to provide immediate support force to prevent the shallow top coal from loosening or falling off due to pressure or external force in a short period of time. Through this shallow reinforcement, the initial stability of the top coal can be quickly improved, laying the foundation for subsequent deep reinforcement.

[0046] In step S2.2, a plurality of second anchors 220 are sequentially embedded into the top coal 420 of the roadway from the bottom of the reinforcement 110 upward. Compared with the first anchor 210, the second anchor 220 is longer, specifically 6m-8m, and can penetrate deeper into the top coal. These longer second anchors 220 not only provide more far-reaching support, but also connect the shallow and deep top coal into a whole, forming a multi-level reinforcement system. The second anchor 220 has a greater embedding depth, which can more effectively disperse and transmit the pressure from the upper rock layer, preventing the deep top coal from slowly sinking or stratifying under long-term pressure.

[0047] Through the combination of these two steps, the multi-layer reinforcement system can fully cover the different layers of the roadway top coal 420, ensuring that each layer can be effectively supported and stabilized. The synergistic effect of the first anchor 210 and the second anchor 220 not only improves the overall bearing capacity of the top coal, but also enhances its compression and deformation resistance.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, step S2.1 includes: S2.1.1, Drilling: Use drilling equipment to drill from the bottom of the reinforcement 110 upward into the top coal, and the diameter and depth of the drilled hole must match the size of the first anchor 210. When drilling, ensure the accuracy of the hole position and the consistency of the hole diameter so that the anchor can be smoothly inserted and firmly fixed; S2.1.2. Insert the first anchor 210: insert the first anchor 210 into the drilled hole in sequence. During the insertion process, ensure the verticality and insertion depth of the anchor to avoid affecting the reinforcement effect due to tilt or too shallow; S2.1.3, Grouting: After the first anchor 210 is inserted, the anchoring agent is injected into the hole through the grouting equipment so that the anchoring agent fully fills the gap between the anchoring agent and the hole wall. The selection of anchoring agent should be based on the specific geological conditions of the top coal. Commonly used anchoring agents include cement mortar, resin anchoring agents, etc. During the grouting process, the grouting pressure and speed should be controlled to ensure that the anchoring agent is evenly distributed and fully cured; S2.1.4, Curing: Wait for the anchoring agent to completely cure, which usually takes several hours to a day. During the curing process, the tunnel should be well ventilated to prevent the evaporation of water from affecting the solidification effect of the anchoring agent.

[0049] After the shallow reinforcement is completed, the second stage begins, that is, deep reinforcement is performed using the second anchor 220. The second anchor 220 is relatively long and is usually designed to reach the deep part of the top coal, generally between 3 and 5 meters. The main purpose of this stage is to provide more far-reaching support to prevent the deep top coal from slowly sinking or falling off in layers under long-term pressure.

[0050] Step S2.2 includes: S2.2.1, drilling: Use drilling equipment to drill into the top coal from the bottom of the reinforcement 110 upwards. The diameter and depth of the drilled hole must match the size of the second anchor 220. When drilling, ensure the accuracy of the hole position and the consistency of the hole diameter so that the anchor can be smoothly inserted and firmly fixed. It should be noted that when drilling in this step, it is necessary to set the interval with the hole drilled in step S2.1.1; S2.2.2. Insert the second anchor 220: Insert the second anchor 220 into the drilled hole in sequence. During the insertion process, ensure the verticality and insertion depth of the anchor to avoid affecting the reinforcement effect due to tilt or too shallow. The insertion depth of the second anchor 220 should exceed that of the first anchor 210 to ensure the reinforcement effect of the deep top coal; S2.2.3, Grouting: After the second anchor 220 is inserted, the anchoring agent is injected into the hole through the grouting equipment so that the anchoring agent fully fills the gap between the anchor and the hole wall. The selection of anchoring agent should be based on the specific geological conditions of the top coal. Commonly used anchoring agents include cement mortar, resin anchoring agent, etc. During the grouting process, the grouting pressure and speed should be controlled to ensure that the anchoring agent is evenly distributed and fully cured; S2.2.4 Curing: Wait for the anchoring agent to completely cure, which usually takes several hours to a day. During the curing process, the tunnel should be well ventilated to prevent the evaporation of water from affecting the solidification effect of the anchoring agent.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 and 6 In some embodiments of the present invention, step S3 includes: S3.1, embedding a plurality of third anchors 310 into the corresponding coal walls 430 of the coal mine tunnel 400 in sequence from both sides thereof; S3.2, embedding a plurality of fourth anchors 320 into the corresponding coal walls 430 of the coal mine tunnel 400 in sequence from both sides thereof; Among them, the third anchor 310 and the fourth anchor 320 have different lengths, and the third anchor 310 and the fourth anchor 320 are arranged at intervals. The third anchor 310 can be specifically an anchor rod, and the fourth anchor 320 can be specifically an anchor cable. On the basis of the short anchor bearing structure formed by the third anchor 310, a medium-thick layer prestressed anchor bearing structure is formed on both sides through the fourth anchor 320, and the medium-shallow anchor structure formed by the two supports of the anchor rod and the anchor cable is linked and consolidated into an overall prestressed anchor structure, which is sufficient to resist the surrounding rock effect on both sides of the tunnel, ensure the overall stability of the two sides of the tunnel, and then ensure the overall stability of the tunnel.

[0052] Specifically, in step S3.1, a plurality of third anchors 310 are sequentially embedded into the corresponding roadway coal wall 430 from both sides of the coal mine roadway 400. The length of the third anchor 310 is relatively short, and is usually designed to reach the shallow part of the coal wall, generally 2m-4m. The main purpose of this stage is to provide immediate lateral support to prevent the shallow coal wall from being displaced or collapsed due to external pressure or stress in a short period of time. During the specific operation, the third anchor 310 is drilled inward from the surface of the roadway coal wall 430 through a drilling device, and then an anchor is used to tightly bond it to the coal wall. The anchor can quickly fill the gap between the anchor and the hole wall to ensure that the third anchor 310 is firmly fixed inside the coal wall, thereby effectively preventing the displacement and collapse of the shallow coal wall.

[0053] In step S3.2, a plurality of fourth anchors 320 are sequentially embedded into the corresponding roadway coal wall 430 from both sides of the coal mine roadway 400. The length of the fourth anchor 320 is relatively long, and is usually designed to reach the deep part of the coal wall, generally 4m-6m. The main purpose of this stage is to provide more far-reaching lateral support to prevent the deep coal wall from slowly moving or stratifying under long-term pressure. In specific operations, the fourth anchor 320 is drilled inward from the surface of the roadway coal wall 430 through a drilling device, and the depth and diameter of the borehole must match the size of the fourth anchor 320. After the fourth anchor 320 is inserted, an anchoring agent is also used for grouting to ensure that the anchoring agent fully fills the gap between the anchor and the hole wall to form a firm connection point. The long-distance embedding of the fourth anchor 320 can more effectively disperse and transmit the pressure from both sides of the roadway and prevent the structural instability of the deep coal wall.

[0054] Through the combination of these two steps, the multi-level reinforcement system can fully cover the different levels of the roadway coal wall 430, ensuring that each layer can be effectively supported and stabilized. The synergistic effect of the third anchor 310 and the fourth anchor 320 not only improves the overall bearing capacity of the coal wall, but also enhances its compression and deformation resistance. This multi-level reinforcement design can not only effectively prevent the local instability of the coal wall, but also maintain the stability of the roadway coal wall 430 for a long time, reducing the risk of coal wall displacement and collapse, and providing a safer working environment for miners.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, pressure sensors are added inside the tunnel roof 410 , tunnel top coal 420 and tunnel coal side 430 to monitor the pressure inside the tunnel roof 410 , tunnel top coal 420 and tunnel coal side 430 .

[0056] Adding pressure sensors inside the roof, top coal and coal side of the coal mine tunnel 400 is a technical measure aimed at real-time monitoring of the internal pressure of these key parts. This measure can not only provide important data support, but also significantly improve the safety and stability of the tunnel. Specifically, pressure sensors are installed inside the tunnel roof 410, top coal and coal side. These sensors are usually distributed in key positions around the reinforcement 110 and the anchor, and can monitor the pressure changes in these areas in real time. Through these sensors, the pressure data inside the tunnel roof 410, top coal and coal side can be obtained in a timely manner, which reflects the stress conditions of the tunnel structure in different time periods.

[0057] For inside the tunnel roof 410, when the pressure suddenly increases or is unevenly distributed, the staff is reminded to take measures in advance to prevent safety accidents such as roof collapse. For inside the tunnel top coal 420, pressure sensors also play an important role. They can monitor the stress conditions of the top coal at different levels, especially the pressure changes of the shallow and deep top coal. With these data, the stability of the top coal can be evaluated and potential stratification or sinking risks can be discovered in time. For inside the tunnel coal wall 430, pressure sensors are used to monitor the pressure distribution on both sides of the coal wall. As an important supporting structure of the tunnel, the stability of the coal wall directly affects the safety of the entire tunnel. By real-time monitoring of the pressure changes inside the coal wall, the displacement or deformation of the coal wall can be discovered in time, and necessary reinforcement measures can be taken to prevent the collapse of the coal wall.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel, characterized in that: include: Reinforcing a tunnel roof (410) at the top of a coal mine tunnel (400); Performing multi-layer reinforcement on the top coal (420) of the coal mine tunnel (400); The coal walls (430) of the coal mine tunnel (400) on both sides are reinforced in multiple layers.

2. The method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement of the tunnel roof (410) at the top of the coal mine tunnel (400) is implemented based on a roof reinforcement device (100), and the roof reinforcement device (100) comprises: A plurality of reinforcement members (110) are arranged at intervals inside the tunnel roof (410) along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel (400); A plurality of limiting components are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the reinforcing member (110) along the length direction of the coal mine tunnel (400), and are used to limit the reinforcing member (110).

3. The method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting component comprises: A bearing member (120) is arranged at the bottom of the reinforcing member (110) along the width direction of the coal mine tunnel (400); A plurality of fixing members (130) penetrate the bearing member (120) and are embedded in the top coal (420) of the roadway, and are used to fix the bearing member (120).

4. The method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level reinforcement of the top coal (420) at the top of the coal mine tunnel (400) includes: Embedding a plurality of first anchoring members (210) in sequence from the bottom of the reinforcing member (110) upward into the interior of the top coal (420) of the roadway; Embedding a plurality of second anchoring members (220) sequentially from the bottom of the reinforcing member (110) upward into the interior of the top coal (420) of the roadway; Wherein, the first anchor (210) and the second anchor (220) have different lengths.

5. The method for reinforcing coal mine tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the first anchor (210) is 4m-6m, and the length of the second anchor (220) is 6m-8m.

6. The method for reinforcing coal mine tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first anchoring piece (210) and the second anchoring piece (220) are arranged at intervals.

7. The method for reinforcing coal mine tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level reinforcement of the coal walls (430) on both sides of the coal mine tunnel (400) includes: Embedding a plurality of third anchoring pieces (310) into the corresponding coal walls (430) of the mine tunnel (400) in sequence from both sides of the mine tunnel (400); Embedding a plurality of fourth anchoring pieces (320) in sequence from both sides of the coal mine tunnel (400) into the corresponding interior of the tunnel coal walls (430); Wherein, the third anchor (310) and the fourth anchor (320) have different lengths.

8. The method for reinforcing coal mine tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that: The length of the third anchor (310) is 2m-4m, and the length of the fourth anchor (320) is 4m-6m.

9. The method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third anchor (310) and the fourth anchor (320) are arranged at intervals.

10. The method for reinforcing a coal mine tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Pressure sensors are added inside the roadway roof (410), the roadway top coal (420) and the roadway coal side (430) to monitor the pressure inside the roadway roof (410), the roadway top coal (420) and the roadway coal side (430).

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