Shallow-buried unsymmetrical pressure tunnel supporting structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The shallow-buried unsymmetrical-pressure tunnel supporting structure comprises a concrete layer and a steel reinforcement cage arranged in the concrete layer, the steel reinforcement cage comprises a plurality of arc-shaped lagging jacks and a plurality of penetrating steel bars used for penetrating through the arc-shaped lagging jacks, the arc-shaped lagging jacks are in an arch shape, and the two ends of the arc-shaped lagging jacks are used for being supported on the ground of a tunnel; the arc-shaped arch frame is formed by splicing a plurality of unit prefabricated frames, a connecting piece is arranged between every two adjacent unit prefabricated frames, and every two adjacent unit prefabricated frames are connected through the connecting pieces. Each unit prefabricated frame is provided with a penetrating channel allowing the penetrating reinforcing steel bar to penetrate through and an abutting piece, and the abutting piece is used for reducing the size of the penetrating channel so as to clamp the penetrating reinforcing steel bar. According to the shallow-buried unsymmetrical-pressure tunnel supporting structure, the construction efficiency of the reinforcement cage can be improved. The invention further relates to a construction method of the shallowly-buried unsymmetrical pressure tunnel supporting structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a shallow buried biased tunnel support structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Shallow bias tunnel is an important form of tunnel engineering. Its design and construction methods are more flexible and adaptable than traditional deep tunnel. The design of shallow bias tunnel first considers the topography and uses the deviation of geological structure to make the top and bottom of the tunnel not on the same horizontal plane. Then the structural form and equipment parameters are determined according to various requirements.

[0003] In the prior art, after the shallow-buried bias-pressure tunnel is excavated, a steel cage matching the shape of the tunnel inner wall is laid along the tunnel inner wall. After the steel cage is laid, the lining is constructed to form a support area for injecting concrete. Finally, concrete is pumped in. After the concrete solidifies, the concrete and the steel cage form a reinforced concrete layer supporting the tunnel inner wall.

[0004] However, when laying this type of steel cage, all the steel bars need to be manually tied and fixed one by one to connect all the steel bars to form a horizontal and vertical crisscross steel cage. The installation efficiency is low, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the construction period is extended, so further improvement is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of building a steel cage, the present application provides a shallow buried biased tunnel support structure and a construction method thereof.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a shallow buried biased tunnel support structure adopting the following technical solution: A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure comprises a concrete layer and a steel cage arranged in the concrete layer, wherein the steel cage comprises a plurality of arcuate arch frames and a plurality of through-going steel bars for passing through the arcuate arch frames, wherein the arcuate arch frames are in an arch shape and the two ends of the arcuate arch frames are used to support the ground of the tunnel; the arcuate arch frames are formed by assembling a plurality of unit prefabricated frames, a connecting piece is provided between two adjacent unit prefabricated frames, and the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames are connected to each other through the connecting piece; the unit prefabricated frames have a through-going channel for passing through the through-going steel bars, and the unit prefabricated frames are provided with a clamping piece, and the clamping piece is used to reduce the size of the through-going channel so as to clamp the through-going steel bars.

[0007] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, through the setting of arc-shaped arch frames and through-threading steel bars, when the steel cage is built, multiple unit prefabricated frames are spliced ​​with each other through connecting parts to form an arc-shaped arch frame, and multiple arc-shaped arch frames are installed in sequence along the length direction of the tunnel, and then multiple steel bars are successively threaded through the threading channels of the unit prefabricated frames, and finally clamped to the through-threading steel bars through fastening parts, so that the multiple arc-shaped arch frames and the multiple through-threading steel bars are connected as a whole to form a steel cage, and there is no need to tie the through-threading steel bars, which greatly improves the construction efficiency of the steel cage and shortens the construction period of the overall structure.

[0008] Optionally, the unit prefabricated frame includes a fixed rod, a movable rod and a first abutment rod, two fixed rods are arranged at intervals, a connecting strip is provided between the two fixed rods, and the two fixed rods are connected to each other by the connecting strip; the number of the movable rods is arranged corresponding to the number of the fixed rods, each of the movable rods is hinged to the corresponding fixed rod, the two fixed rods and the two movable rods are combined to form an installation area, the first abutment rod is arranged in the installation area, the first abutment rod is respectively hinged to the two movable rods, the penetration channel is formed between the first abutment rod and the two fixed rods, and between the first abutment rod and the two movable rods, and the tightening member is arranged on the connecting strip to drive the first abutment rod close to the movable rod.

[0009] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, through the setting of the fixed rod, the movable rod and the first abutting rod, after the through-threading steel bar is passed through the threading channel, the first abutting rod is driven to slide by the clamping member, and the first abutting rod and the movable rod are hinged to each other, and the movable rod and the fixed rod are hinged to each other, so that when the first abutting rod moves, the size of the threading channel can be expanded or reduced, so that the through-threading steel bar passed through the threading channel can be clamped, thereby improving the convenience of clamping the through-threading steel bar.

[0010] Optionally, a first rotating rod is provided between each of the movable rods and the first abutment rod, one end of the first rotating rod is hinged to the first abutment rod, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding movable rod, and the first abutment rod and the movable rod are hinged to each other via the first rotating rod; a second rotating rod is provided between each of the movable rods and the corresponding fixed rod, one end of the second rotating rod is hinged to the movable rod, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding fixed rod, and the movable rod and the fixed rod are hinged to each other via the second rotating rod.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, through the arrangement of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod, the first abutment rod and the movable rod are hinged to each other through the first rotating rod, and the movable rod and the fixed rod are hinged to each other through the second rotating rod, so that the size of the penetration channel can be adjusted through the first abutment rod.

[0012] Optionally, there are multiple second rotating rods arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the fixed rod, and the multiple second rotating rods divide the penetration channel into multiple penetration areas, and the multiple penetration areas are used for corresponding penetration of multiple penetration steel bars.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a plurality of second turning rods, on the one hand, the plurality of second turning rods improve the stability of the overall structure, and on the other hand, the plurality of second turning rods divide the penetration channel into a plurality of penetration areas for respectively passing a plurality of penetration steel bars.

[0014] Optionally, the second rotating rod is provided with a second abutment rod, and the axial direction of the second abutment rod is consistent with the axial direction of the fixed rod; when the first abutment rod moves toward the side close to the movable rod, the second rotating rod drives the second abutment rod to move toward the side close to the fixed rod to be used to abut against the penetrated steel bars.

[0015] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme and setting the second abutment rod, when the first abutment rod moves toward the side close to the movable rod, the size of the insertion channel between the first abutment rod and the movable rod is reduced, so that the insertion steel bars inserted in the insertion channel can be clamped; in the process of the first abutment rod moving toward the side close to the movable rod, the first abutment rod pushes the movable rod to swing, so that the movable rod can drive the second abutment rod to move toward the side close to the fixed rod, and the second abutment rod reduces the size of the insertion channel between the first abutment rod and the fixed rod, so that the insertion steel bars inserted in the insertion channel can be clamped synchronously, and the first abutment rod and the second abutment rod can synchronously reduce the size of the two insertion channels to clamp the corresponding insertion steel bars, thereby greatly improving the connection efficiency between the arc arch frame and all the insertion steel bars.

[0016] Optionally, the connecting member includes two plug connectors hinged to each other, and the plug sleeve is provided with a plug slot for inserting a fixed rod or a movable rod.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, through the setting of the plug connector, the respective plug-in grooves of the two plug connectors are used for the insertion of the fixed rod or the movable rod, so that the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames can be plugged and matched with each other and connected together through the two plug connectors; the two plug connectors are hinged to each other, so that a certain angle can be formed between the two plug connectors, so that the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames can form a certain angle after being connected, and then the arc-shaped arch frame formed by the combination of multiple unit prefabricated frames can present an arc shape as a whole, so as to adapt to the inner wall of the tunnel and can adapt to the installation of tunnels of different sizes.

[0018] Optionally, the inner diameter of the plug-in slot is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed rod or larger than the outer diameter of the movable rod, and a plurality of spring sheets are provided in the plug-in slot, and all of the spring sheets are arranged at intervals around the axial direction of the fixed rod or the axial direction of the movable rod. When the fixed rod or the movable rod is inserted into the plug-in slot, the spring sheets are deformed under normal conditions and abut against the peripheral wall of the fixed rod or the peripheral wall of the movable rod.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and setting the spring sheet, when the fixed rod or the movable rod is inserted into the plug-in slot, the end surface of the fixed rod or the end surface of the movable rod pushes the spring sheet and forces the spring sheet to deform, so that the spring sheet abuts against the peripheral wall of the fixed rod or the peripheral wall of the movable rod to limit the fixed rod or the movable rod, thereby limiting the fixed rod or the movable rod in the plug-in slot, thereby improving the convenience of connection between the fixed rod and the plug connector, and between the movable rod and the plug connector.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of connecting grooves connected to the plugging grooves are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the plug connector, and the connecting grooves are used for allowing concrete to enter the plugging grooves.

[0021] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the connecting groove is connected to the plug-in groove through the setting of the connecting groove. When pouring concrete subsequently, the concrete can flow into the plug-in groove through the connecting groove, and the concrete strands are solidified and matched with the spring pieces in the plug-in groove, so that the fixed rod or the movable rod is fixedly connected to the plug-in groove, so that the fixed rod / movable rod is connected to the plug-in joint as a whole, thereby improving the reinforcement effect of the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames.

[0022] Optionally, an adjustment hole passing through the connecting strip is opened on the side wall of the connecting strip near the first abutment rod, and the clamping member includes a clamping screw, one end of which passes through the adjustment hole and abuts against the peripheral wall of the first abutment rod, and the clamping screw is threadedly connected to the adjustment hole.

[0023] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution and setting a tightening screw, after the through-threading steel bar is passed through the through-threading channel, the tightening screw is rotated by a tool so that the tightening screw can abut against the first abutting rod, thereby forcing the first abutting rod to move to change the size of the through-threading channel, and then clamp the through-threading steel bar.

[0024] In the second aspect, the present application provides a construction method for a shallow buried biased tunnel support structure using the following technical solution: A construction method for a shallow-buried bias-pressure tunnel support structure specifically comprises the following steps: S1, tunnel excavation; S2, installation of arc-shaped arch frames, installing a plurality of arc-shaped arch frames at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel; S3, installation of through-going steel bars, through-going steel bars in corresponding through-going channels, and fastening the through-going steel bars with fastening members; S4, installation of lining plates, building lining plates along the inner side of the arc-shaped arch frames to form a support area for pouring concrete; S5, filling of concrete, pumping concrete into the support area to form a reinforced concrete layer supported on the inner wall of the tunnel; S6, removal of the lining plates.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Through the setting of arc-shaped arch frames and through-threaded steel bars, when the steel cage is built, multiple unit prefabricated frames are spliced ​​with each other through connecting pieces to form an arc-shaped arch frame, and multiple arc-shaped arch frames are installed in sequence along the length direction of the tunnel, and then multiple steel bars are sequentially threaded through the threading channels of the unit prefabricated frames, and finally, the through-threaded steel bars are clamped by the fastening pieces, so that the multiple arc-shaped arch frames and the multiple through-threaded steel bars are connected as a whole to form a steel cage, and there is no need to tie the through-threaded steel bars, which greatly improves the construction efficiency of the steel cage and shortens the construction period of the overall structure; 2. Through the setting of the second abutment rod, when the first abutment rod moves toward the side close to the movable rod, the size of the penetration channel between the first abutment rod and the movable rod is reduced, so that the penetration steel bar penetrated through the penetration channel can be clamped; in the process of the first abutment rod moving toward the side close to the movable rod, the first abutment rod pushes the movable rod to swing, so that the movable rod can drive the second abutment rod to move toward the side close to the fixed rod, and the second abutment rod reduces the size of the penetration channel between the first abutment rod and the fixed rod, so that the penetration steel bar penetrated through the penetration channel can be clamped synchronously, and the first abutment rod and the second abutment rod can synchronously reduce the size of the two penetration channels to clamp the corresponding penetration steel bars, thereby greatly improving the connection efficiency between the arc arch frame and all the penetration steel bars; 3. Through the setting of the plug connector, the respective plug-in grooves of the two plug connectors are used for the insertion of the fixed rod or the movable rod, so that the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames can be plugged and matched with each other and connected together through the two plug connectors; the two plug connectors are hinged to each other, so that a certain angle can be formed between the two plug connectors, so that the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames can form a certain angle after being connected, and then the arc-shaped arch frame formed by the combination of multiple unit prefabricated frames can present an arc shape as a whole, so as to adapt to the inner wall of the tunnel and can adapt to the installation of tunnels of different sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the steel cage embodied in Example 1; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting member embodied in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unit prefabricated frame in Example 1; Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of Example 1 in which the through-reinforcement bars are not through-reinforced in the through-reinforcement channel; Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the through-reinforcement bar of Embodiment 1 through-reinforcement channel; Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the spring piece according to the first embodiment.

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Concrete layer; 2. Arc-shaped arch frame; 3. Through-threading of steel bars; 4. Unit prefabricated frame; 41. Through-threading channel; 411. Through-threading area; 42. Fixed rod; 43. Movable rod; 44. First abutment rod; 45. Connecting strip; 451. Adjustment hole; 452. Tightening screw; 46. Installation area; 47. First rotating rod; 48. Second rotating rod; 49. Second abutment rod; 5. Plug connector; 51. Plug slot; 52. Spring piece; 53. Connecting slot; 54. Limiting column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] Embodiment 1: The embodiment of the present application discloses a shallow buried biased tunnel support structure.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure includes a concrete layer 1 and a steel cage arranged in the concrete layer 1. In this embodiment, the steel cage includes a plurality of arcuate arch frames 2 and a plurality of through-going steel bars 3. A plurality of arcuate arch frames 2 are arranged and spaced apart along the length direction of the tunnel. Each arcuate arch frame 2 is in an arch shape to adapt to the shape of the tunnel. Both ends of the arcuate arch frames 2 are used to support the ground of the tunnel.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 There are multiple through-going steel bars 3, and the multiple through-going steel bars 3 are arranged at intervals around the arc-shaped arch frame 2, and both ends of each through-going steel bar 3 are extended along the length direction of the tunnel; it should be noted that the through-going steel bars 3 are welded by multiple sections of steel bars so that the length of the through-going steel bars 3 is adapted to the length of the tunnel.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4In this embodiment, the arc-shaped arch frame 2 includes a plurality of unit prefabricated frames 4, and the arc-shaped arch frame 2 is assembled by the plurality of unit prefabricated frames 4 to form an arc-shaped arc-shaped arch frame 2; the unit prefabricated frame 4 includes a fixed rod 42, a movable rod 43 and a first abutting rod 44, the number of the fixed rods 42 is set to two, the two fixed rods 42 are arranged at intervals and the axes of the two fixed rods 42 are parallel to each other, and a plurality of connecting strips 45 are arranged between the two fixed rods 42, and the two ends of the connecting strip 45 are respectively welded and fixed to the peripheral walls of the two fixed rods 42, and the two fixed rods 42 are connected as a whole through the connecting strip 45.

[0033] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The number of movable rods 43 is set to two and the two movable rods 43 are correspondingly arranged with the two fixed rods 42. The two movable rods 43 are arranged at an interval. The axial directions of the two movable rods 43 are parallel to the axial directions of the fixed rods 42. A second rotating rod 48 is connected between each movable rod 43 and the corresponding fixed rod 42. One end of the second rotating rod 48 is hinged to the movable rod 43, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding fixed rod 42. The movable rod 43 and the corresponding fixed rod 42 are hinged to each other through the second rotating rod 48.

[0034] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The two fixed rods 42 and the two movable rods 43 are combined to form an installation area 46, and the two fixed rods 42 and the two movable rods 43 are respectively located at the four corners of the installation area 46. The first abutment rod 44 is arranged in the installation area 46, and the axial direction of the first abutment rod 44 is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed rod 42; a first rotating rod 47 is connected between each movable rod 43 and the first abutment rod 44, one end of the first rotating rod 47 is hinged to the first abutment rod 44, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding movable rod 43, and each movable rod 43 and the first abutment rod 44 are hinged to each other through the first rotating rod 47.

[0035] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 In this embodiment, the first abutment rod 44 and the two fixed rods 42, and the first abutment rod 44 and the two movable rods 43 are spaced apart and form insertion channels 41 respectively, and the insertion channels 41 are used for the insertion of the insertion steel bars 3; the number of the first rotating rods 47 and the number of the second rotating rods 48 are both multiple, and all the first rotating rods 47 and all the second rotating rods 48 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the fixed rod 42, and the multiple second rotating rods 48 divide the insertion channels 41 into multiple insertion areas 411, so that each unit prefabricated frame 4 can be used for the insertion of multiple insertion steel bars 3.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6In this embodiment, the second rotating rod 48 is connected to the second abutting rod 49, the axial direction of the second abutting rod 49 is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed rod 42, and the second abutting rod 49 is connected in series to multiple second rotating rods 48 between the movable rod 43 and the fixed rod 42, so that all the second rotating rods 48 are connected as a whole; the first abutting rod 44 is used to clamp the through-going steel bar 3 together with the movable rod 43, and the second abutting rod 49 is used to clamp the through-going steel bar 3 together with the fixed rod 42. When the first abutting rod 44 moves toward the side close to the movable rod 43, the two movable rods 43 separate from each other, and the second abutting rod 49 is driven by the second rotating rod 48 to move toward the side close to the fixed rod 42, so that the first abutting rod 44 and the second abutting rod 49 are respectively clamped on different through-going steel bars 3.

[0037] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 An adjusting hole 451 is provided on the side wall of the connecting strip 45 near the first abutting rod 44. The adjusting hole 451 is a through hole that passes through the connecting strip 45. A tightening member is installed in the adjusting hole 451, and the tightening member is used to drive the first abutting rod 44 to move toward the side close to the movable rod 43; in this embodiment, the tightening member is configured as a tightening screw 452, one end of the tightening screw 452 is passed through the adjusting hole 451 and abuts against the peripheral wall of the first abutting rod 44, the tightening screw 452 is threadedly connected to the adjusting hole 451, and the other end of the tightening screw 452 is fixedly connected with a docking joint, which is used to dock with an electric drill bit to drive the tightening bolt to rotate; it should be noted that the fixed rod 42, the movable rod 43, the first abutting rod 44, and the second abutting rod 49 in the present application are all made of steel bars.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 7 A connecting piece is installed between two adjacent unit prefabricated frames 4, and the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames 4 are connected to each other through the connecting piece; it should be noted that in the present application, the number of connecting pieces between two adjacent unit prefabricated frames 4 is set to multiple, specifically, the number of connecting pieces is set to four, that is, the two movable rods 43 and the two fixed rods 42 correspond to four connecting pieces respectively.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 7In this embodiment, the connecting piece includes two plug connectors 5, which are hinged to each other. The end surfaces of the two plug connectors 5 that are away from each other are provided with plug grooves 51, and the plug grooves 51 are used for inserting the fixed rod 42 or the movable rod 43; the inner diameter of the plug groove 51 is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed rod 42 or larger than the outer diameter of the movable rod 43, and a plurality of spring pieces 52 are fixedly installed in the plug groove 51 of each plug connector 5, and all the spring pieces 52 are arranged at intervals around the axial direction of the fixed rod 42 or the axial direction of the movable rod 43. When the fixed rod 42 or the movable rod 43 is inserted into the plug groove 51, the spring piece 52 is deformed toward the side close to the bottom wall of the plug groove 51 and abuts against the peripheral wall of the fixed rod 42 or the peripheral wall of the movable rod 43, and the fixed rod 42 or the movable rod 43 is limited in the plug groove 51 of the plug connector 5 by the spring piece 52.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 7 The outer peripheral wall of the plug connector 5 is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves 53 , all of which are arranged at intervals around the axial direction of the plug connector 5 , and each connecting groove 53 is connected to the plug-in groove 51 , and the connecting grooves 53 are used for concrete to enter the plug-in groove 51 .

[0041] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 In this embodiment, a limiting column 54 is installed between the two plug connectors 5, one end of the limiting column 54 is fixedly connected to one of the plug connectors 5, and the other end is extended toward the other plug connector 5. The limiting column 54 is used to limit the maximum flip angle of the two plug connectors 5. When the limiting column 54 abuts against the other plug connector 5, the flip angle between the two plug connectors 5 is between 5 degrees and 12 degrees. In this embodiment, the maximum flip angle between the two plug connectors 5 is 7 degrees; it should be noted that when the two ends of the arc-shaped arch frame 2 in the present application are supported on the bottom wall of the tunnel, it is necessary to insert a plurality of anchor rods (not shown in the figure) on the bottom wall of the tunnel, and the fixing rods 42 in the unit prefabricated frames 4 at the two ends of the arc-shaped arch frame 2 are used to be welded and fixed with the anchor rods.

[0042] The implementation principle of Example 1 of the present application is as follows: when the steel cage is built, multiple unit prefabricated frames 4 are spliced ​​in sequence through connecting pieces to form an arc-shaped arch frame 2, and then the through-reinforcement 3 is inserted into the insertion channel 41. After the through-reinforcement 3 is inserted, the tightening screw 452 is driven by a tool to rotate to drive the first abutment rod 44 to move toward the side close to the movable rod 43. During the movement of the first abutment rod 44, the first abutment rod 44 forces the two movable rods 43 to swing, so that the second abutment rod 49 swings toward the side close to the fixed rod 42 under the action of the second rotating rod 48, so that the first abutment rod 44 and the movable rod 43, the second abutment rod 49 and the fixed rod 42 can be clamped on different through-reinforcement 3 respectively, so that the through-reinforcement 3 and the arc-shaped arch frame 2 form a whole, without the need to manually tie the cross nodes of the steel bars, and at the same time, driving the first abutment rod 44 to move can enable the unit prefabricated frame 4 to clamp multiple through-reinforcement 3 at the same time, greatly improving the construction efficiency of the steel cage.

[0043] Embodiment 2: The embodiment of the present application also discloses a construction method for a shallow buried biased tunnel support structure.

[0044] A construction method for a shallow buried bias pressure tunnel support structure specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Tunnel excavation.

[0045] S2. Installation of the arc-shaped arch frame 2: a. Vertically insert multiple anchor rods on both sides of the bottom wall of the tunnel; b. Multiple unit prefabricated frames 4 are sequentially spliced ​​with each other through connecting parts to form an arc-shaped arch frame 2, and the two ends of the arc-shaped arch frame 2 are respectively welded and fixed to the anchor rods, so that the two ends of the arc-shaped arch frame 2 are supported on the bottom surface of the tunnel by anchoring; c. Repeat step b to sequentially install multiple arc-shaped arch frames 2 along the length direction of the tunnel.

[0046] S3. Installation of the through-going steel bars 3: a. Insert multiple through-going steel bars 3 in the through-going channels 41 of the arc-shaped arch frame 2 in sequence; b. Use an electric drill tool to rotate the tightening screw 452 to force the first abutment rod 44 and the second abutment rod 49 to respectively abut the through-going steel bars 3 of different through-going channels 41 in the unit prefabricated frame 4, so that the through-going steel bars 3 and the arc-shaped arch frame 2 are connected as a whole, and a steel cage adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the tunnel is formed.

[0047] S4. Installation of lining: A lining (not shown in the figure) is built along the inner side of the arc-shaped arch frame 2 to form a support area for pouring concrete.

[0048] S5. Concrete filling: concrete is pumped into the support area. During this period, the concrete needs to be vibrated so that the concrete fills the support area. After the concrete solidifies, a reinforced concrete layer is formed between the concrete and the steel cage to support the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0049] S6. Removal of liner.

[0050] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a concrete layer (1) and a steel cage arranged in the concrete layer (1), wherein the steel cage comprises a plurality of arcuate arch frames (2) and a plurality of through-going steel bars (3) for passing through the arcuate arch frames (2), wherein the arcuate arch frames (2) are in an arch shape and the two ends of the arcuate arch frames (2) are used to support the ground of a tunnel; the arcuate arch frames (2) are formed by assembling a plurality of unit prefabricated frames (4), wherein a connecting piece is provided between two adjacent unit prefabricated frames (4), and the two adjacent unit prefabricated frames (4) are connected to each other via the connecting piece; the unit prefabricated frames (4) have a through-going channel (41) for passing through the through-going steel bars (3), and the unit prefabricated frames (4) are provided with a clamping piece, wherein the clamping piece is used to reduce the size of the through-going channel (41) so as to clamp the through-going steel bars (3).

2. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unit prefabricated frame (4) comprises a fixed rod (42), a movable rod (43) and a first abutting rod (44); two fixed rods (42) are arranged at intervals; a connecting strip (45) is arranged between the two fixed rods (42); the two fixed rods (42) are connected to each other via the connecting strip (45); the number of the movable rods (43) is arranged corresponding to the number of the fixed rods (42); each movable rod (43) is hinged to the corresponding fixed rod (42); the two fixed rods (42) are connected to each other via the connecting strip (45); The first abutment rod (44) is combined with the two movable rods (43) to form an installation area (46), the first abutment rod (44) is arranged in the installation area (46), the first abutment rod (44) is hinged to the two movable rods (43), the penetration channel (41) is formed between the first abutment rod (44) and the two fixed rods (42), and between the first abutment rod (44) and the two movable rods (43), and the abutment member is arranged on the connecting strip (45) to drive the first abutment rod (44) close to the movable rod (43).

3. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first rotating rod (47) is provided between each movable rod (43) and the first abutting rod (44), one end of the first rotating rod (47) is hinged to the first abutting rod (44), and the other end is hinged to the corresponding movable rod (43), and the first abutting rod (44) and the movable rod (43) are hinged to each other through the first rotating rod (47); a second rotating rod (48) is provided between each movable rod (43) and the corresponding fixed rod (42), one end of the second rotating rod (48) is hinged to the movable rod (43), and the other end is hinged to the corresponding fixed rod (42), and the movable rod (43) and the fixed rod (42) are hinged to each other through the second rotating rod (48).

4. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second rotating rods (48) are provided in a plurality and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the fixed rod (42). The plurality of second rotating rods (48) separate the penetration channel (41) into a plurality of penetration areas (411). The plurality of penetration areas (411) are used for corresponding penetration of a plurality of penetration steel bars (3).

5. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second rotating rod (48) is provided with a second abutting rod (49), and the axial direction of the second abutting rod (49) is consistent with the axial direction of the fixed rod (42); when the first abutting rod (44) moves toward the side close to the movable rod (43), the second rotating rod (48) drives the second abutting rod (49) to move toward the side close to the fixed rod (42) so as to be tightly pressed against the through-going steel bar (3).

6. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting piece comprises two mutually hinged plug connectors (5), and the plug socket is provided with a plug slot (51) for plugging a fixed rod (42) or a movable rod (43).

7. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the plug-in slot (51) is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed rod (42) or larger than the outer diameter of the movable rod (43); a plurality of spring sheets (52) are arranged in the plug-in slot (51); all the spring sheets (52) are arranged at intervals around the axial direction of the fixed rod (42) or the axial direction of the movable rod (43); when the fixed rod (42) or the movable rod (43) is inserted into the plug-in slot (51), the spring sheets (52) are deformed in a normal state and abut against the peripheral wall of the fixed rod (42) or the peripheral wall of the movable rod (43).

8. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer peripheral wall of the plug connector (5) is provided with a plurality of communication grooves (53) connected to the plug groove (51), and the communication grooves (53) are used for allowing concrete to enter the plug groove (51).

9. A shallow buried biased tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the connecting strip (45) close to the first abutting rod (44) is provided with an adjustment hole (451) penetrating the connecting strip (45); the abutting member comprises a abutting screw (452); one end of the abutting screw (452) is passed through the adjustment hole (451) and abuts against the peripheral wall of the first abutting rod (44); the abutting screw (452) is threadedly connected to the adjustment hole (451).

10. A construction method of a shallow buried bias pressure tunnel support structure, based on a shallow buried bias pressure tunnel support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: S1, tunnel excavation; S2, installation of arc-shaped arch frames (2), installing a plurality of arc-shaped arch frames (2) at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel; S3, installing the through-going steel bar (3), passing the through-going steel bar (3) through the corresponding through-going channel (41), and fastening the through-going steel bar (3) with a fastening member; S4, installation of lining plates, lining plates are built along the inner side of the arc-shaped arch frame (2) to form a support area for pouring concrete; S5, concrete filling, pumping concrete into the support area to form a reinforced concrete layer supported on the inner wall of the tunnel; S6. Removal of liner.

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