Universal self-propelled plot seeder for corns and soybeans

Abstract

The utility model discloses a universal self-propelled plot seeder for corns and soybeans, and relates to a seeder. The utility model aims to solve the problems that the existing seeding machine needs to be provided with a seed throwing hand for assisting operation, and the seed throwing hand needs to observe the pushing state of the current pre-distribution seed box at any time, so that the labor intensity is high and certain danger exists. Four seeding units are installed in the middle of a vehicle body side by side in the width direction of the vehicle body, four single lifting constant-pressure oil cylinders are arranged in the middle of the vehicle body side by side in the width direction of the vehicle body, and cylinder bodies of the single lifting constant-pressure oil cylinders are fixedly connected with the middle of the vehicle body. A piston rod of the single lifting constant-pressure oil cylinder is connected with one corresponding seeding unit, the sieve plate is horizontally installed in the middle of the vehicle body and located above the four seeding units, sieve holes in the sieve plate correspond to seed inlets of the four seeding units respectively, and the pushing seed supply unit is installed on the vehicle body and located above the sieve plate. The utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a seeder and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] At present, all plot seeding machines on the market need to be equipped with seed throwers to assist in the operation, even the advanced foreign models are no exception. For precision seeding models that use pre-assigned seed boxes for seeding, the seed thrower needs to observe the push status of the current pre-assigned seed boxes at any time. When the existing pre-assigned seed boxes on the seeding table are insufficient, the new pre-assigned seed box group must be placed on the seeding table in time and the follow-up work must be completed. The working protection conditions of the seed thrower are poor, the labor intensity is high, and due to the high-position operation, there is also a certain degree of danger. Therefore, the existing plot breeding seeding machines have slow seed conversion speed in different sowing areas, high mixing rate, low operating efficiency, and the seed throwing assistance work of the manual seed thrower equipped with the seed supply device is labor-intensive. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the problems of slow seed conversion speed, high mixing rate, low operation efficiency and high labor intensity of manual seeding auxiliary operation in existing plot breeding seeders, and thus proposes a universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above problems is as follows: the utility model comprises a vehicle body, a seed pushing and supplying unit, four sowing units, four single-body constant-pressure oil cylinders and a screen plate; the four sowing units are arranged side by side in the middle of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, the four single-body constant-pressure oil cylinders are arranged side by side in the middle of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, and the cylinder bodies of the single-body constant-pressure oil cylinders are fixedly connected to the middle of the vehicle body, the piston rods of the single-body constant-pressure oil cylinders are connected to a corresponding sowing unit, the screen plate is horizontally installed in the middle of the vehicle body, and the screen plate is located above the four sowing units, the sieve holes on the screen plate respectively correspond to the seed inlets of the four sowing units, the seed pushing and supplying unit is installed on the vehicle body, and the seed pushing and supplying unit is located above the sieve plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the vehicle body consists of a chassis, a front wheel assembly, a rear wheel assembly, a front wheel drive motor, a rear wheel drive motor, and a cab; the front wheel assembly is installed at the front of the chassis, the rear wheel assembly is installed at the rear of the chassis, the front wheel drive motor and the rear wheel drive motor are installed in the middle of the chassis, the drive shaft of the front wheel drive motor is connected to the axle of the front wheel assembly, the drive shaft of the rear wheel drive motor is connected to the axle of the rear wheel assembly, the cab is installed at the front of the chassis, and the steering wheel in the cab is connected to the steering axle of the rear wheel assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, each sowing unit includes a pre-ditching disc, a furrow opener, a seed meter, a contoured depth-limiting wheel, a depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism, a cylinder, a V-shaped pressing wheel, a frame and a connecting piece; the pre-ditching disc is installed at the lower part of the front end of the frame, the seed meter is installed in the middle part of the frame, the furrow opener is installed at the lower part of the frame, and the furrow opener is located between the pre-ditching disc and the seed meter, the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism is installed on the frame, and the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism is located between the cylinder and the seed meter, and the contoured depth-limiting wheel is installed at the lower end of the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism; the cylinder is installed at the rear end of the frame, and the piston of the cylinder faces downward, and the V-shaped pressing wheel is connected to the piston of the cylinder through a connecting piece.

[0007] Furthermore, each sowing unit also includes a four-rod profiling mechanism and a pressure adjustment spring; the four-rod profiling mechanism is installed at the upper part of the front end of the frame, the pressure adjustment spring is installed in the four-rod profiling mechanism, and the piston rod of the single-body lifting constant pressure cylinder is connected to the screw profiling mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, each sowing unit also includes a connecting card plate, and the four-bar profiling mechanism is fixedly connected to the vehicle body via the connecting card plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the utility model also includes an air storage tank, a negative pressure seed suction and cleaning fan and an air pump; the air storage tank, the negative pressure seed suction and cleaning fan and the air pump are installed side by side in the middle of the chassis, and the air storage tank is connected to the negative pressure seed suction and cleaning fan through the air pump.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0011] 1. The utility model adopts the method of using a sowing unit and a seed pushing unit to replace the seed throwing hand, thus avoiding the danger of high-position operation;

[0012] 2. The utility model realizes integrated operation, that is, ditching, sowing and covering are completed at one time, which reduces manual work and labor intensity;

[0013] 3. The depth-limiting wheel of the utility model can be adjusted in height according to actual needs, so that the entire sowing unit can adapt to various land environments;

[0014] 4. The utility model adopts a quasi-four-wheel drive rear-wheel steering self-propelled chassis design, combined with a front-mounted cab configuration scheme, which reduces the turning radius of the machine and is suitable for small-plot operations; at the same time, it expands the driver's field of vision and simplifies the design of the transmission system;

[0015] 5. The utility model innovatively designs an electric-driven double-linked seeding device that can realize zero-speed conversion of seeds in the front and rear sowing areas, and a centralized pneumatic seed cleaning device quickly cleans the remaining seeds in the previous sowing area to achieve zero mixing. The stacked seed box automatic push seed supply device solves the problem of automatic seed supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is the front view of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is the main view of the sowing unit;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sowing unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present embodiment is described. The present embodiment described a universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans includes a vehicle body 1, a seed pushing and supplying unit 2, four seeding units 3, four single-body lifting constant-pressure cylinders 4 and a sieve plate 5; the four seeding units 3 are installed side by side in the middle of the vehicle body 1 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the four single-body lifting constant-pressure cylinders 4 are arranged side by side in the middle of the vehicle body 1 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, and the cylinder bodies of the single-body lifting constant-pressure cylinders 4 are fixedly connected to the middle of the vehicle body 1, the piston rods of the single-body lifting constant-pressure cylinders 4 are connected to a corresponding seeding unit 3, the sieve plate 5 is horizontally installed in the middle of the vehicle body 1, and the sieve plate 5 is located above the four seeding units 3, the sieve holes on the sieve plate 5 correspond to the seed inlets of the four seeding units 3 respectively, the seed pushing and supplying unit 2 is installed on the vehicle body 1, and the seed pushing and supplying unit 2 is located above the sieve plate 5.

[0021] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is described. The vehicle body 1 of a universal self-propelled plot planter for corn and soybeans described in this embodiment is composed of a chassis 101, a front wheel assembly 102, a rear wheel assembly 103, a front wheel drive motor 104, a rear wheel drive motor 105, and a cab 106; the front wheel assembly 102 is installed at the front of the chassis 101, the rear wheel assembly 103 is installed at the rear of the chassis 101, the front wheel drive motor 104 and the rear wheel drive motor 105 are installed in the middle of the chassis 101, the drive shaft of the front wheel drive motor 104 is connected to the axle of the front wheel assembly 102, the drive shaft of the rear wheel drive motor 105 is connected to the axle of the rear wheel assembly 103, the cab 106 is installed at the front of the chassis 101, and the steering wheel in the cab 106 is connected to the steering bridge of the rear wheel assembly 103. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.

[0022] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 4The present embodiment is described. Each sowing unit 3 of a universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans in the present embodiment includes a pre-ditching disc 304, a furrow opener 305, a seeding device 306, a contoured depth-limiting wheel 307, a depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism 308, a cylinder 309, a V-shaped pressing wheel 3010, a frame 3011 and a connecting piece 3012; the pre-ditching disc 304 is mounted at the lower part of the front end of the frame 3011, the seeding device 306 is mounted in the middle of the frame 3011, and the furrow opener 305 is mounted on the frame 3 011, and the furrow opener 305 is located between the pre-furrowing disc 304 and the seed meter 306, the depth limiting wheel adjustment mechanism 308 is installed on the frame 3011, and the depth limiting wheel adjustment mechanism 308 is located between the cylinder 309 and the seed meter 306, and the contoured depth limiting wheel 307 is installed at the lower end of the depth limiting wheel adjustment mechanism 308; the cylinder 309 is installed at the rear end of the frame 3011, and the piston of the cylinder 309 faces downward, and the V-shaped pressing wheel 3010 is connected to the piston of the cylinder 309 through the connecting piece 3012.

[0023] The pre-ditching disc 304 performs preliminary ditching on the soil, the boot-type ditch opener 307 performs ditching on the soil, the seed meter 306 discharges seeds into the ditch, and the V-shaped pressing wheel 3010 gathers the soil on both sides of the ditch and covers the seeds in the ditch.

[0024] The depth limiting wheel adjustment mechanism 308 includes a fixed frame 3081, a lifting frame 3082, a depth limiting wheel frame 3083, a nut 3084 and an adjusting screw 3085; the fixed frame 3081 is fixedly installed on the frame 11, the lifting frame 3082 is inserted into the lower end of the fixed frame 3081 from bottom to top, the nut 3084 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the fixed frame 3081, the adjusting screw 3085 is inserted into the nut 3084, the lower end of the adjusting screw 3085 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lifting frame 3082, the depth limiting wheel frame 3083 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the lifting frame 3082, and the contoured depth limiting wheel 7 is installed on the depth limiting wheel frame 3083.

[0025] The adjusting screw 3085 and the nut 3084 form a screw nut lifting structure. The adjusting screw 3085 drives the lifting frame 3082 to move up and down along the fixing frame 3081 to adjust the height of the contouring depth limiting wheel 307.

[0026] The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first or second specific implementation mode.

[0027] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 4 To illustrate this embodiment, each sowing unit 3 of a universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans described in this embodiment also includes a four-bar profiling mechanism 302 and a pressure adjustment spring 303; the four-bar profiling mechanism 302 is installed on the upper part of the front end of the frame 3011, the pressure adjustment spring 303 is installed in the four-bar profiling mechanism 302, and the piston rod of the single-body lifting constant pressure cylinder 4 is connected to the screw rod profiling mechanism 302.

[0028] The four-bar profiling mechanism 302 includes an upper crossbeam 3021, a lower crossbeam 3022, a rear column 3023 and a front column 3024; the upper crossbeam 3021 and the lower crossbeam 3022 are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, the upper end of the rear column 3023 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the upper crossbeam 3021, the lower end of the rear column 3023 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the front end of the frame 3011, the rear end of the lower crossbeam 3022 is rotatably connected to the rear column 3023, the upper end of the front column 3024 is rotatably connected to the front end of the upper crossbeam 3021, the lower end of the front column 3024 is rotatably connected to the front end of the lower crossbeam 3022, the upper end of the pressure adjustment spring 303 is connected to the upper crossbeam 3021, and the lower end of the pressure adjustment spring 303 is connected to the lower crossbeam 3022

[0029] Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the third specific implementation method.

[0030] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 4 To explain this embodiment, each sowing unit 3 of the universal self-propelled corn and soybean plot seeder described in this embodiment further includes a connecting card plate 301, and a four-bar profiling mechanism 302 is fixedly connected to the vehicle body 1 via the connecting card plate 301. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

[0031] Specific implementation method six: Combination Figures 1 to 4 To explain this embodiment, the universal self-propelled corn and soybean plot seeder described in this embodiment further includes an air tank 6, a negative pressure seed suction and seed cleaning fan 7 and an air pump 8; the air tank 6, the negative pressure seed suction and seed cleaning fan 7 and the air pump 8 are installed side by side in the middle of the chassis 101, and the air tank 6 is connected to the negative pressure seed suction and seed cleaning fan 7 through the air pump 8. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0032] How it works

[0033] The vehicle body 1 moves along the ridge, and each sowing unit 3 moves along a ridge respectively. During the movement, the sowing unit 3 sows seeds into the ridge and covers them with soil; the seed pushing unit 2 pushes out the seed box, and the seeds in the seed box fall on the sieve plate 5. With the vibration of the vehicle body 1, the seeds on the sieve plate 5 pass through the sieve holes and enter the corresponding sowing unit 3.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiments made according to the technical essence of the present invention, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans, characterized by: The universal corn and soybean self-propelled plot seeder comprises a vehicle body (1), a seed pusher and supply unit (2), four seeding units (3), four single-unit lifting constant-pressure oil cylinders (4) and a screen plate (5); the four seeding units (3) are arranged side by side in the middle of the vehicle body (1) along the width direction of the vehicle body (1); the four single-unit lifting constant-pressure oil cylinders (4) are arranged side by side in the middle of the vehicle body (1) along the width direction of the vehicle body (1); the cylinder bodies of the single-unit lifting constant-pressure oil cylinders (4) are fixedly connected to the middle of the vehicle body (1); the piston rods of the single-unit lifting constant-pressure oil cylinders (4) are connected to a corresponding seeding unit (3); the screen plate (5) is horizontally installed in the middle of the vehicle body (1); the screen plate (5) is located above the four seeding units (3); the sieve holes on the screen plate (5) respectively correspond to the seed inlets of the four seeding units (3); the seed pusher and supply unit (2) is installed on the vehicle body (1); and the seed pusher and supply unit (2) is located above the sieve plate (5).

2. A universal self-propelled corn and soybean plot seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body (1) comprises a chassis (101), a front wheel assembly (102), a rear wheel assembly (103), a front wheel drive motor (104), a rear wheel drive motor (105), and a cab (106); the front wheel assembly (102) is mounted on the front part of the chassis (101), the rear wheel assembly (103) is mounted on the rear part of the chassis (101), the front wheel drive motor (104) and the rear wheel drive motor (105) are mounted on the middle part of the chassis (101), the drive shaft of the front wheel drive motor (104) is connected to the wheel axle of the front wheel assembly (102), the drive shaft of the rear wheel drive motor (105) is connected to the wheel axle of the rear wheel assembly (103), the cab (106) is mounted on the front part of the chassis (101), and the steering wheel in the cab (106) is connected to the steering axle of the rear wheel assembly (103).

3. A universal self-propelled corn and soybean plot seeder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each sowing unit (3) comprises a pre-ditching disc (304), a furrow opener (305), a seed meter (306), a contoured depth-limiting wheel (307), a depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism (308), a cylinder (309), a V-shaped pressing wheel (3010), a frame (3011) and a connecting piece (3012); the pre-ditching disc (304) is mounted at the lower part of the front end of the frame (3011), the seed meter (306) is mounted at the middle part of the frame (3011), the furrow opener (305) is mounted at the lower part of the frame (3011), and the furrow opener (305) is mounted at the lower part of the frame (3011). ) is located between the pre-ditching disc (304) and the seed meter (306), the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism (308) is installed on the frame (3011), and the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism (308) is located between the cylinder (309) and the seed meter (306), and the contoured depth-limiting wheel (307) is installed at the lower end of the depth-limiting wheel adjustment mechanism (308); the cylinder (309) is installed at the rear end of the frame (3011), and the piston of the cylinder (309) faces downward, and the V-shaped pressing wheel (3010) is connected to the piston of the cylinder (309) through a connecting piece (3012).

4. A universal self-propelled corn and soybean plot seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each sowing unit (3) further comprises a four-rod profiling mechanism (302) and a pressure adjustment spring (303); the four-rod profiling mechanism (302) is mounted on the upper portion of the front end of the frame (3011), the pressure adjustment spring (303) is mounted in the four-rod profiling mechanism (302), and the piston rod of the single-body lifting constant pressure oil cylinder (4) is connected to the screw rod profiling mechanism (302).

5. A universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each sowing unit (3) further comprises a connecting clamping plate (301), and the four-bar profiling mechanism (302) is fixedly connected to the vehicle body (1) via the connecting clamping plate (301).

6. A universal self-propelled corn and soybean plot seeder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The universal self-propelled plot seeder for corn and soybeans further comprises an air storage tank (6), a negative pressure seed suction and seed cleaning fan (7) and an air pump (8); the air storage tank (6), the negative pressure seed suction and seed cleaning fan (7) and the air pump (8) are installed side by side in the middle of the chassis (101), and the air storage tank (6) is connected to the negative pressure seed suction and seed cleaning fan (7) via the air pump (8).

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