Positioning and clamping device for barreling gear machining of shaft gear

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shaft gear barreling tooth machining positioning and clamping device, which relates to the technical field of tooth machining, and comprises a base, a tip-type expansion sleeve, an upper tip and an expansion sleeve pre-tightening seat, the tip-type expansion sleeve is fixedly connected with the base, the middle part of the tip-type expansion sleeve is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating a shaft neck of a part to be machined, and the upper tip is fixedly connected with the expansion sleeve pre-tightening seat. A lower tip is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity, and an outer conical surface is arranged on the outer wall of the tip type expansion sleeve; the upper tip is located over the lower tip, and the upper tip and the lower tip act on center holes in the two ends of a to-be-machined part respectively and are used for axially and radially positioning the to-be-machined part. The expansion sleeve pre-tightening seat is arranged on the outer side of the tip type expansion sleeve in a sleeving mode, and an inner conical surface matched with the outer conical surface of the tip type expansion sleeve is arranged on the inner cavity wall of the expansion sleeve pre-tightening seat. The shaft gear barreling tooth machining positioning and clamping device is accurate in positioning and firm in clamping; and the structure is simple and the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gear processing, in particular to a positioning and clamping device for processing rolling and grinding teeth of shaft gears. Background Art

[0002] Shaft external gears are a special type of gear transmission in mechanical transmission. The external tooth shape can be one or a combination of several. The accuracy requirements of the external teeth can be divided into ground and non-ground teeth depending on the working conditions.

[0003] There are generally two processing methods for non-grinding gears: gear hobbing with a gear hobbing machine and spline milling. In spline milling, the center holes at both ends of the shaft are used as the reference, so that the processing and inspection references are consistent and the tooth profile processing accuracy is high. However, due to the rigidity of the equipment, the processing efficiency is low, which is not very suitable for mass production.

[0004] There are generally two types of gear grinding: forming grinding wheel gear grinding machine and worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine. Forming grinding wheel gear grinding machine can process gears with large diameter, large module and small number of teeth, which is more suitable for flexible production and complex tooth surface modification. Its production efficiency may be subject to certain restrictions; worm grinding wheel gear grinding machine is suitable for mass production of small and medium module gears.

[0005] Based on the above situation, for mass production of shaft external gears, gear hobbing or worm wheel gear grinding is usually used, because the working principle of worm wheel gear grinding is similar to that of gear hobbing, using a worm-shaped grinding wheel to continuously mesh with the gear to form the involute shape of the gear teeth. Therefore, the positioning and clamping devices for gear hobbing and gear grinding are basically the same.

[0006] The traditional clamping method usually adopts chuck clamping. When clamping, the workpiece is prone to slight displacement in the radial direction, causing the processed external teeth to deviate from the axis more or less. When the final product is tested based on the axis, the test values ​​occasionally exceed the tolerance and become scrap. In order to solve the quality stability in the mass production process, the processing and testing standards of the external teeth must be completely unified.

[0007] Therefore, a positioning and clamping device for machining and grinding teeth of shaft gears is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0008] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0009] The utility model aims to provide a positioning and clamping device for shaft gear rolling and grinding tooth processing, which has the advantages of accurate positioning, reliable clamping, simple structure and easy operation, so as to ensure the quality stability in the batch production process and make the processing and detection standards of external teeth completely unified.

[0010] (II) Technical solution

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions: a positioning and clamping device for machining and grinding teeth of shaft gears, comprising:

[0012] Pedestal;

[0013] A top-type expansion and contraction sleeve, the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve is fixedly connected to the base, an inner cavity for accommodating the journal of the part to be processed is opened in the middle of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve, a lower top is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity, and an outer conical surface is arranged on the outer wall of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve;

[0014] An upper centering point, which is located directly above the lower centering point. The upper centering point and the lower centering point act on the center holes at both ends of the part to be processed respectively to accurately position the part in the axis and radial direction;

[0015] An expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tightening seat, wherein the expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tightening seat is sleeved on the outside of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve, and the inner cavity wall of the expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tightening seat is provided with an inner conical surface which is matched with the outer conical surface of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve. The expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tightening seat is driven by a driving mechanism to slide axially along the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve, and is used to control the expansion and contraction of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve to clamp and fix the shaft neck of the part to be processed.

[0016] Preferably, a positioning ring groove matched with the lower end of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve is opened on the table surface of the base, and the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve is fixedly connected to the base by bolts.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the inner cavity is 0.10 to 0.20 mm larger than the diameter of the journal of the part to be processed.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of expansion and contraction grooves are radially provided on the cavity wall of the inner cavity with the axis of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve as the center.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a driving assembly, which includes a pulling plate located directly below the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve, a pulling rod is fixedly connected to the center of the pulling plate, and the pulling plate is connected to the expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tightening seat through multiple connecting rods, and the multiple connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pulling plate.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of springs are provided between the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat and the base, and a step hole for limiting the position of the spring is provided on the lower end surface of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat.

[0021] Preferably, the connecting rod is a stud, one end of which is fixedly connected to the pull plate via a nut, and the other end of which passes through the base, the spring and the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat in sequence and is threadedly connected with a nut.

[0022] Preferably, a cylindrical head is provided at one end of the pull rod, the pull rod passes through the pull plate and is fixedly connected to the pull plate through a spherical nut, and the cylindrical head and the spherical nut are both in contact with the spherical surface of the pull plate.

[0023] Preferably, the base is a thin-walled cavity component, the pull plate is located inside the cavity of the base, and a plurality of windows are provided on the cavity wall of the base.

[0024] (III) Beneficial effects

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a positioning and clamping device for machining and grinding teeth of shaft gears, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The positioning and clamping device for the rolling and grinding of shaft gears is provided with an upper center, a pre-tightening seat for expansion and contraction sleeves and a center-type expansion and contraction sleeve. When clamping the parts to be processed, the upper center and the lower center are used to perform axial and radial positioning, and then the pre-tightening seat for expansion and contraction sleeves transmits force to the wall of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeves to clamp and fix the shaft neck of the parts to be processed, so that the positioning is accurate and the clamping is reliable. At the same time, the device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0027] 2. The positioning and clamping device for the rolling and grinding of shaft gears transmits the pulling force to the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat and then to the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve through the connecting rod, the pulling plate and the pulling rod, so that the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve is subjected to balanced force, and the uneven force will not affect the clamping and fixing of the parts to be processed. At the same time, a spring is arranged between the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat and the base, which helps to reset the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat, so that the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve can be fully restored to its natural state for continuous processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial and radial positioning states of the structure of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the radial clamping state of the structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a top view schematic diagram of the base of the utility model.

[0033] In the figure: 1. upper center; 2. part to be processed; 3. expansion sleeve preload seat; 4. center-type expansion sleeve; 5. connecting rod; 6. pull plate; 7. pull rod; 8. base; 31. step hole; 32. spring; 41. expansion groove; 42. inner cavity; 43. lower center; 71. spherical nut; 81. window; 82. positioning ring groove; 83. through hole; 84. table; 85. U-shaped groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0035] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, a positioning and clamping device for machining rolling and grinding teeth of shaft gears comprises an upper center point 1, an expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3, a center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 and a base 8, wherein the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the base 8, an inner cavity 42 for accommodating the shaft neck of the part 2 to be machined is provided in the middle part of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, a lower center point 43 is provided in the middle part of the inner cavity 42, and an outer conical surface is provided on the outer wall of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4; the upper center point 1 is located directly above the lower center point 43, and the upper center point 1 and the lower center point 43 act on the center holes at both ends of the part 2 to be machined respectively for precise axial and radial positioning thereof; the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is sleeved on the outer side of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, and the inner cavity wall of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is provided with an inner conical surface matched with the outer conical surface of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, and the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is driven by a driving mechanism to slide axially along the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, so as to control the expansion and contraction of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, so as to clamp and fix the shaft neck of the part 2 to be machined.

[0036] When clamping and fixing the part 2 to be processed, the shaft neck of the part 2 to be processed is placed in the inner cavity 42, and the center hole is placed on the lower center 43. The upper center 1 is driven downward by the driving mechanism, so that the upper center 1 and the lower center 43 act on the center holes at both ends of the part 2 to be processed respectively, so as to accurately position the part 2 to be processed in the axial and radial directions. Then, the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is driven downward by the driving mechanism. Under the interaction of the inner conical surface of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 and the outer conical surface of the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, the center-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 is closed and holds the shaft neck of the part 2 to be processed, thereby completing the clamping and fixing of the part 2 to be processed. The device has a simple structure, accurate positioning, reliable clamping and easy operation.

[0037] In some embodiments, a positioning ring groove 82 adapted to the lower end of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 is provided on the table surface 84 of the base 8. The positioning ring groove 82 is provided to limit the lower end of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 to prevent radial deviation and positioning error of the part 2 to be processed. At the same time, the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the base 8 by bolts, making the assembly and fixation of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 and the base 8 more convenient.

[0038] In order to ensure that the journal of the part 2 to be processed is smoothly placed in the inner cavity 42 , the diameter of the inner cavity 42 is 0.10 to 0.20 mm larger than the journal of the part 2 to be processed.

[0039] In some embodiments, the expansion and contraction of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 is achieved by opening an expansion and contraction groove 41 on the wall of the inner cavity 42. There are multiple expansion and contraction grooves 41, and the multiple expansion and contraction grooves 41 are radially distributed with the axis of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 as the center. Preferably, the root of the expansion and contraction groove 41 is provided with an arc transition with a diameter greater than its groove width to reduce stress concentration.

[0040] In some embodiments, a driving assembly is also included, which includes a pull plate 6 located directly below the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4. The pull plate 6 is movably connected to the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 through multiple connecting rods 5. The multiple connecting rods 5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pull plate 6. A pull rod 7 is fixedly connected to the center of the pull plate 6.

[0041] By fixing the pull rod 7 in the middle of the pull plate 6 and connecting the pull plate 6 and the expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tensioning seat 3 through multiple connecting rods 5, the pulling force applied by the pull rod 7 can be evenly distributed to the multiple connecting rods 5 through the pull plate 6, and the expansion and contraction sleeve pre-tensioning seat 3 is driven downward through the connecting rods 5 to ensure its downward stability and avoid its tilting.

[0042] In order to facilitate the resetting of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3, a plurality of springs 32 are arranged between the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 and the base 8. When the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is forced downward, the spring 32 is compressed. When the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 needs to be reset, the pressure on it is stopped, and the spring 32 releases the pressure and pushes the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 to reset. The lower end surface of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is provided with a step hole 31 for limiting the spring 32. Preferably, the plurality of springs 32 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 to balance the force on the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3.

[0043] In some embodiments, the connecting rod 5 is a stud, one end of the connecting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the pull plate 6 through a nut, and the other end of the connecting rod 5 passes through the base 8, the spring 32 and the expansion sleeve preload seat 3 in sequence and is threadedly connected with a nut. Specifically, the connecting rod 5 passes through the base 8 through a light hole. Preferably, the spring 32 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 5.

[0044] In some embodiments, a cylindrical head is provided at one end of the pull rod 7, the pull rod 7 passes through the pull plate 6 and is fixedly connected to the pull plate 6 through a spherical nut 71, the cylindrical head and the spherical nut 71 are both in spherical contact with the pull plate 6, and spherical contact is adopted to make the pull plate 6 axially evenly stressed. Specifically, the pull rod 7 passes through the pull plate 6 through a light hole, the diameter of the light hole of the pull plate 6 is 0.5 to 1 mm larger than the diameter of the pull rod 7 at this section, and when assembling, a gap of 0.3 to 0.5 mm should be reserved between the spherical surface of the pull plate 6 and the spherical surface of the spherical nut 71, so as to allow floating adjustment when the stress is uneven; a straight groove is provided on the upper end surface of the cylindrical head, and a through hole 83 is provided on the table 84 of the base 8 at a position corresponding to the pull rod 7, so as to install and adjust the pull rod 7.

[0045] When the base 8 is fixed on the machine tool workbench, in order to prevent the pull plate 6 from affecting the fixation of the base 8, the base 8 adopts a thin-walled cavity part, and the pull plate 6 is arranged inside the cavity of the base 8 so that the base 8 can be fixed on the workbench of the machine tool, ensuring that the pull plate 6 has sufficient activity space. At the same time, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the connecting rod 5, the pull plate 6 and the pull rod 7, a plurality of windows 81 are opened on the cavity wall of the base 8. Preferably, the opening position of the window 81 corresponds to the radial position of the connecting rod 5.

[0046] In order to facilitate the fixation of the base 8, a step is arranged on the outside of the base 8, and a plurality of U-shaped grooves 85 are evenly arranged on the step along the circumference thereof, so that the base 8 and the machine tool worktable can be fastened by bolt connection.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] Device assembly: Assemble the pull plate 6, pull rod 7, spherical nut 71 and locking nut as shown in the figure, then assemble and evenly distribute the three studs with the pull plate 6, and fix them with nuts. Next, install the assembled drive component into the cavity from the open end of the base 8 as shown in the figure and pass the studs through the table 84 of the base 8. Then, place the base 8 and the driving assembly on the machine tool workbench, make the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic device under the machine tool in the upper stroke position, connect the pull rod 7 with the hydraulic rod of the lower hydraulic device, and calibrate and connect the base 8 and the machine tool workbench securely; then assemble and tighten the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 and the base 8, and check the coaxiality of the top and the axis of the machine tool again; finally, evenly place multiple springs 32 in the step hole 31, and then put the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 on the outer cone of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4, and make the studs pass through the spring 32 and the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 respectively, and fix the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 with a hexagonal nut, so that the spring 32 is in a slightly stressed state;

[0049] Axial and radial positioning: First, place the shaft neck of the part to be processed 2 into the inner cavity 42 of the center expansion sleeve 4, and at the same time, the center hole of the shaft end that has been ground is sleeved on the lower center 43, and then start the upper hydraulic mechanism of the machine tool to make the upper center 1 move downward, support the center hole at the other end of the part to be processed 2 and press it tightly;

[0050] Radial clamping: Then start the lower hydraulic mechanism of the machine tool, the pull rod 7 pulls the pull plate 6 under the action of external force, and then pulls the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 downward through the connecting rod 5. At the same time, the gap between the inner cone surface of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 and the outer cone surface of the top expansion and contraction sleeve 4 will become smaller and smaller until it disappears. At the moment when the gap disappears, the outer cone surface of the top expansion and contraction sleeve 4 begins to be subjected to the external force of the inner cone surface of the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3. The radial component of this force forces the top expansion and contraction sleeve 4 to be radially compressed, and the diameter of the inner cavity 42 is reduced until the shaft neck of the part to be processed 2 is tightly clamped to achieve the effect of radial clamping. At this time, the spring 32 is under pressure and reaches the maximum value;

[0051] Gear processing: Processing of external teeth;

[0052] Workpiece disassembly: When the gear making is completed, the external force of the lower hydraulic mechanism causes the pulling plate 6 to move upward, and at the same time, the connecting rod 5 moves upward under the action of the pulling plate 6. The expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is no longer subjected to the pulling force of the connecting rod 5, and during the release of the maximum pressure of the spring 32, the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat 3 is lifted up, so that the force on the outer conical surface of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve 4 is completely released and restored to a natural state, so that the external force on the shaft neck of the processed part is unloaded; start the upper hydraulic mechanism to make the upper top 1 move upward. At this time, the processed shaft external gear can be taken out, and the next part 2 to be processed can be installed. Repeat the above cycle operation to complete the continuous processing of the part.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device for machining and grinding teeth of shaft gears, characterized in that ,include: Base (8); A top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4), the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4) being fixedly connected to a base (8), an inner cavity (42) for accommodating the journal of a part (2) to be processed is provided in the middle of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4), a lower top (43) is provided in the middle of the inner cavity (42), and an outer wall of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4) is provided with an outer conical surface; An upper center point (1), the upper center point (1) being located directly above the lower center point (43), the upper center point (1) and the lower center point (43) acting on the center holes at both ends of the part to be processed (2) respectively for axial and radial positioning thereof; An expansion sleeve preload seat (3) is sleeved on the outside of a top-type expansion sleeve (4), and an inner cavity wall of the expansion sleeve preload seat (3) is provided with an inner conical surface that matches the outer conical surface of the top-type expansion sleeve (4). The expansion sleeve preload seat (3) is driven by a driving mechanism to slide axially along the top-type expansion sleeve (4) to control the expansion and contraction of the top-type expansion sleeve (4) to clamp and fix the shaft neck of the part to be processed (2).

2. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A positioning ring groove (82) adapted to the lower end of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4) is provided on the table surface (84) of the base (8), and the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the base (8) by bolts.

3. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the inner cavity (42) is 0.10 to 0.20 mm larger than the diameter of the journal of the part (2) to be processed.

4. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of expansion and contraction grooves (41) are radially provided on the wall of the inner cavity (42) with the axis of the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4) as the center.

5. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly comprises a pull plate (6) located directly below the top-type expansion and contraction sleeve (4), a pull rod (7) being fixedly connected at the center of the pull plate (6), and the pull plate (6) is connected to the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat (3) via a plurality of connecting rods (5), and the plurality of connecting rods (5) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the pull plate (6).

6. The positioning and clamping device for machining and grinding teeth of shaft gears according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of springs (32) are provided between the expansion sleeve preload seat (3) and the base (8), and a step hole (31) for limiting the position of the spring (32) is provided on the lower end surface of the expansion sleeve preload seat (3).

7. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting rod (5) is a stud bolt, one end of the connecting rod (5) is fixedly connected to the pull plate (6) via a nut, and the other end of the connecting rod (5) passes through the base (8), the spring (32) and the expansion and contraction sleeve preload seat (3) in sequence and is threadedly connected to the nut.

8. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cylindrical head is provided at one end of the pull rod (7); the pull rod (7) passes through the pull plate (6) and is fixedly connected to the pull plate (6) via a spherical nut (71); the cylindrical head and the spherical nut (71) are both in spherical contact with the pull plate (6).

9. The positioning and clamping device for shaft gear hobbing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (8) is a thin-walled cavity component, the pull plate (6) is located inside the cavity of the base (8), and a plurality of windows (81) are provided on the cavity wall of the base (8).

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