High octane unleaded aviation gasoline

Abstract

High octane unleaded aviation fuel compositions having high aromatics content and a CHN content of at least 98 wt %, less than 2 wt % of oxygen content, an adjusted heat of combustion of at least 43.5 MJ / kg, a vapor pressure in the range of 38 to 49 kPa, freezing point is less than −58° C. is provided.

Description

[0001] This present application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 61 / 898,305 filed Oct. 31, 2013, and 61 / 991,945 filed May 12, 2014, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to high octane unleaded aviation gasoline fuel, more particularly to a high octane unleaded aviation gasoline having high aromatics content.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Avgas (aviation gasoline), is an aviation fuel used in spark-ignited internal-combustion engines to propel aircraft. Avgas is distinguished from mogas (motor gasoline), which is the everyday gasoline used in cars and some non-commercial light aircraft. Unlike mogas, which has been formulated since the 1970s to allow the use of 3-way catalytic converters for pollution reduction, avgas contains tetraethyl lead (TEL), a non-biodegradable toxic substance used to prevent engine knocking (detonation).

[0004] Aviation gasoline fuels currently contain t...

Examples

examples 1-5

[0073]The aviation fuel compositions of the invention were blended in volume % as below. Toluene having 107 MON (from VP Racing Fuels Inc.) was mixed with Toluidine (from Chemsol) while mixing.

[0074]Isooctane (from Univar NV) and Narrow Cut Alkylate having the properties shown in Table 1 below (from Shell Nederland Chemie BV) were poured into the mixture in no particular order. Then followed by isopentane (from Matheson Tri-Gas, Inc.) to complete the blend.

TABLE 1Narrow Cut Alkylate PropertiesIBP (ASTM D86, ° C.)39.1FBP (ASTM D86, ° C.)115.1T40 (ASTM D86, ° C.)94.1T50 (ASTM D86, ° C.)98T90 (ASTM D86, ° C.)105.5Vol % iso-C514.52Vol % iso-C77.14Vol % iso-C869.35Vol % C10+0

example 1

Isopentane: 20%

[0075]Narrow cut alkylate: 13%

Isooctane: 26%

Toluene: 35%

[0076]m-toluidine: 6%

PropertyMON101RVP (kPa)42.47Freeze Point (deg C.)−70Lead Content (g / gal)Density (g / mL)0.766Net Heat of42.49Combustion (MJ / kg)Adjusted Net Heat of44.09Combustion (MJ / kg)T10 (deg C.)63.3T40 (deg C.)101.6T50 (deg C.)103.9T90 (deg C.)120.4FBP (deg C.)196.9

example 2

Isopentane: 17%

[0077]Narrow cut alkylate: 39%

Toluene: 38%

[0078]m-toluidine: 6%

PropertyMON101.3RVP (kPa)47.23Freeze Point (deg C.)Lead Content (g / gal)Density (g / mL)0.769Net Heat of42.33Combustion (MJ / kg)Adjusted Net Heat of43.90Combustion (MJ / kg)Water Reaction (mL)1T10 (deg C.)65.61T40 (deg C.)99T50 (deg C.)102.33T90 (deg C.)116.77FBP (deg C.)197.88

[0001] This present application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 61 / 898,305 filed Oct. 31, 2013, and 61 / 991,945 filed May 12, 2014, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to high octane unleaded aviation gasoline fuel, more particularly to a high octane unleaded aviation gasoline having high aromatics content.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Avgas (aviation gasoline), is an aviation fuel used in spark-ignited internal-combustion engines to propel aircraft. Avgas is distinguished from mogas (motor gasoline), which is the everyday gasoline used in cars and some non-commercial light aircraft. Unlike mogas, which has been formulated since the 1970s to allow the use of 3-way catalytic converters for pollution reduction, avgas contains tetraethyl lead (TEL), a non-biodegradable toxic substance used to prevent engine knocking (detonation).

[0004] Aviation gasoline fuels currently contain t...

Examples

examples 1-5

[0073]The aviation fuel compositions of the invention were blended in volume % as below. Toluene having 107 MON (from VP Racing Fuels Inc.) was mixed with Toluidine (from Chemsol) while mixing.

[0074]Isooctane (from Univar NV) and Narrow Cut Alkylate having the properties shown in Table 1 below (from Shell Nederland Chemie BV) were poured into the mixture in no particular order. Then followed by isopentane (from Matheson Tri-Gas, Inc.) to complete the blend.

TABLE 1Narrow Cut Alkylate PropertiesIBP (ASTM D86, ° C.)39.1FBP (ASTM D86, ° C.)115.1T40 (ASTM D86, ° C.)94.1T50 (ASTM D86, ° C.)98T90 (ASTM D86, ° C.)105.5Vol % iso-C514.52Vol % iso-C77.14Vol % iso-C869.35Vol % C10+0

example 1

Isopentane: 20%

[0075]Narrow cut alkylate: 13%

Isooctane: 26%

Toluene: 35%

[0076]m-toluidine: 6%

PropertyMON101RVP (kPa)42.47Freeze Point (deg C.)−70Lead Content (g / gal)Density (g / mL)0.766Net Heat of42.49Combustion (MJ / kg)Adjusted Net Heat of44.09Combustion (MJ / kg)T10 (deg C.)63.3T40 (deg C.)101.6T50 (deg C.)103.9T90 (deg C.)120.4FBP (deg C.)196.9

example 2

Isopentane: 17%

[0077]Narrow cut alkylate: 39%

Toluene: 38%

[0078]m-toluidine: 6%

PropertyMON101.3RVP (kPa)47.23Freeze Point (deg C.)Lead Content (g / gal)Density (g / mL)0.769Net Heat of42.33Combustion (MJ / kg)Adjusted Net Heat of43.90Combustion (MJ / kg)Water Reaction (mL)1T10 (deg C.)65.61T40 (deg C.)99T50 (deg C.)102.33T90 (deg C.)116.77FBP (deg C.)197.88