The invention discloses feed capable of promoting the molt of Penaeus vannamei and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of agricultural feed. The feed is prepared by mixing rice bran, bran, bean cake, minced fish meat, seaweed meal, squid liver paste, shrimp shell meal, salted duck egg, bile acid, radix astragali, Eucommia ulmoides, Adenophora stricta, radix rehmanniae preparata, dendrobium, fructus schizandrae, ginseng leaf, trace element agent and microbial fermentation agent and then performing fermentation. The feed has the advantages that the molting hormone of the Penaeus vannamei is increased by promoting the Penaeus vannamei to absorb the high cholesterol in the feed to synthesize ecdysterone so as to increase the molt and growth speed of the Penaeus vannamei; the feed can promote the molt of the Penaeus vannamei, increase the immunity of the Penaeus vannamei, increase the number of intestinal tract beneficial bacteria and purify water; drugs such as hormone and antibiotics are not added into the feed, and the feed is simple to prepare, safe in component, rich in nutrition, scientific in compatibility, good in feeding attraction performance and low in cost.