The invention discloses a refractory flame-retardant silicone rubber sheath material for cables and a preparation method thereof. The refractory flame-retardant silicone rubber sheath material for cables is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of methylvinyl silicone rubber, 15-25 parts of epichlorohydrin rubber, 10-20 parts of bisphenol A polycarbonate, 2-3 parts of zinc oxide, 3-4 parts of 2-thiolbenzimidazole, 4-6 parts of microcrystalline wax, 1-2 parts of stearic acid, 3-5 parts of dimethyl silicone oil, 10-15 parts of nano silicon nitride, 20-30 parts of gas-phase silica white, 8-12 parts of calcined argil, 3-6 parts of fiberglass, 5-10 parts of alundum powder, 5-10 parts of epoxy soybean oil, 0.3-0.6 part of dicumyl peroxide, 1-2 parts of triallyl cyanurate and the like. The sheath material has the characteristics of stable fire resistance, favorable insulating property, high mechanical strength and the like, has excellent flame retardancy, oil resistance, freezing resistance, acid/alkali resistance, radiation aging resistance, wear resistance and other properties, and is completely reliable and durable.