Fluorescent pyrazine derivatives and methods of using the same in assessing renal function

Abstract

The present invention relates to pyrazine derivatives such as those represented by Formulas I and II. X1 to X4 of Formulas I and II may be characterized as electron withdrawing groups, while Y1 to Y4 of Formulas I and II may be characterized as electron donating groups. Pyrazine derivatives of the present invention may be utilized in assessing organ (e.g., kidney) function. In a particular example, an effective amount of a pyrazine derivative that is capable of being renally cleared may be administered into a patient's body. The pyrazine derivative may capable of one or both absorbing and emanating spectral energy of at least about 400nm (e.g., visible and / or infrared light). At least some of the derivative that is in the body may be exposed to spectral energy and, in turn, spectral energy may emanate from the derivative. This emanating spectral energy may be detected and utilized to determine renal function of the patient.

Description

This application is a divisional application, the filing date of the original application is December 22, 2005, the application number is 200580044681.0 (international application number PCT / US2005 / 046732), and the name is "Fluorescent pyrazine derivatives and their use in evaluating renal function How to use in ". field of invention The present invention relates to pyrazine derivatives, characterized as hydrophilic small molecule dyes capable of absorbing and / or emitting spectral energy in the visible and / or near-infrared spectrum. Furthermore, the present invention relates to methods of monitoring renal function using pyrazine derivatives. Background of the invention Acute renal failure (ARF) is a common disease among patients hospitalized in general medical and surgical hospitals. Approximately half of patients who develop ARF die, and survivors face significantly increased mortality and prolonged hospitalization [1]. Early diagnosis is generally believed to be critic...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

While generally these dye polymeric conjugates have acceptable renal clearance properties, these polymeric compounds have other disadvantages such as polydispersity, manufacturing and quality control issues, and eliciting suboptimal immune responses that may preclude their use as diagnostics. and / or use of therapeutic substances