Shaping and pruning method for cultivating apple tree into open-center tree form with 4-5 main branches through apple semi-dwarf culture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of form pruning for apple trees, in particular to a shaping and pruning method for cultivating an apple tree into an open-center tree form with 4-5 main branches through apple semi-dwarf culture. The method comprises the following steps of 1, conducting field-planting on the apple trees with the density of 80-90 apple trees per 666.7 square meters; 2, in an apple orchard of which the apple trees are 1-5 years old, adopting a slim and long spindle form or a free spindle form for shaping and pruning the apple trees, and reserving 10-13 skeleton branches for each full tree; 3, when the apple trees are 6-10 years old, conducting trunk lifting and head falling for the first time, and when the apples trees are 10 years old, reserving 6-8 main branchesfor each full tree, wherein the length of fruit-bearing branch groups is 50-80 cm; 4, when the trees are 11-30 years old, conducting trunk lifting and head falling for the second time, and reducing the number of main branches year by year until 4-5 main branches are reserved for each full tree when the trees are 20-25 years old, wherein the length of long-axis fruit-bearing branches is 100-140 cm. By means of the method, crown leaf curtains are reasonable in illumination, fruits are excellent in quality, and the economic life of the orchard is greatly prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention discloses a pruning and pruning method for pistachio tree shape of 4-5 main branches of apple semi-dwarf cultivation, which belongs to the technical field of pruning of apple tree shape. Background technique [0002] The cultivated area of ​​apple arborization in my country accounts for more than 85% of the total area of ​​apples in the country, and its tree shape mostly adopts tree shapes such as small crown sparse layer, evacuated layered shape, and free spindle shape. The above-mentioned orchards with tree shaping and pruning have higher yields at the initial fruiting stage, but canopy closure and orchard canopy closure generally occur after entering the full fruit stage, resulting in a decline in fruit tree quality and economic benefits. Therefore, tree shape transformation is required. [0003] Dwarf apple trees are small in size, easy to manage, suitable for dense planting and regeneration, and are conducive to improving the yield a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, compared with arborized trees, the growth potential of young trees becomes weak soon after fruiting. If there are too many fruits and too early, it will affect the normal growth of the canopy, and even form "little old trees"; The phenomenon of underweakness; if the management is extensive, it is easy to weaken the tree body and form a large and small year, it is difficult to regenerate and rejuvenate, and the fruiting life is shortened