A factory-scale circulating water culture system and culture method for Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus sphaerocephalus

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of shrimp farming technology, and specifically to a factory-scale circulating water farming system and farming method for Penaeus vannamei and Diplodocus sphaerocephalus. The factory-scale circulating water farming system includes a water distribution workshop and a shrimp farming pond connected by a water inlet pipe; the shrimp farming pond is connected to the Diplodocus sphaerocephalus farming pond through a tailwater pipe, and the water inlet of the tailwater pipe is arranged at the bottom of the shrimp farming pond; the Diplodocus sphaerocephalus farming pond is connected to the shrimp farming pond through a return pipe, and a return pump is arranged on the return pipe; the shrimp farming pond is connected to a first sewage pipe, and the Diplodocus sphaerocephalus farming pond is connected to a second sewage pipe, and a sewage tank is arranged below the water outlets of the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe; the farming process includes water diversion and water regulation, conveying aquaculture water, circulating water farming, sewage discharge, feed feeding and supplementation. The present invention can improve the utilization rate of aquaculture water and reduce the discharge of aquaculture tailwater; Diplodocus sphaerocephalus can be used as feed for Penaeus vannamei, thereby improving product quality and reducing farming costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shrimp farming, and in particular to a factory-scale circulating water farming system and a farming method for Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus sphaerocephalus. Background Art

[0002] Penaeus vannamei (also known as white shrimp) is a high-yield shrimp culture variety with high economic and nutritional value. It is one of the three major shrimp culture varieties in the world. Penaeus vannamei has been widely used in factory farming. How to increase the yield of Penaeus vannamei factory farming and reduce the cost of farming is an important issue in the field of aquaculture.

[0003] The factory farming of Penaeus vannamei generally uses seawater or saline water as the aquaculture water. During the factory farming of Penaeus vannamei, the feed residues that are not fully consumed, the excrement and metabolites of Penaeus vannamei will accumulate rapidly in the aquaculture water, some of which exist in the form of suspended micro-particle organic matter and inorganic nutrients in the aquaculture water, and the other part precipitates at the bottom of the aquaculture water to form sediments. Due to the high density of factory farming of Penaeus vannamei, the aquaculture water is easily seriously eutrophicated during the farming process, and excessive levels of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are produced, which causes great environmental stress to the survival and growth of Penaeus vannamei and affects its normal growth.

[0004] In the prior art, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the aquaculture water can be reduced by adding beneficial bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria to the aquaculture water of Penaeus vannamei, inoculating microalgae, etc., and the eutrophication of the water body can be reduced. However, the treatment efficiency of beneficial bacteria and microalgae is limited. In order to maintain a high aquaculture density of Penaeus vannamei while reducing the environmental pressure of the aquaculture water body, the existing factory aquaculture process of Penaeus vannamei requires a large amount of frequent water changes, and the discharge of aquaculture tail water is large, which seriously wastes water resources. According to the current industry and local standards, the tail water of seawater aquaculture needs to be treated and meet the corresponding standards before it can be discharged into the corresponding sea area, and the treatment cost is relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0005] Aiming at the technical problems that the existing culture technology of Penaeus vannamei needs to frequently discharge culture tail water, resulting in waste of water resources and high cost for treating culture tail water, the present invention provides a factory-scale circulating water culture system and culture method for Penaeus vannamei and dung beetles, wherein the culture tail water of a shrimp culture pond is transported to a dung beetle culture pond, the dung beetles ingest organic particles in the culture tail water to achieve biological purification, and part of the purified water flows back to the shrimp culture pond through a reflux pipe, thereby improving the utilization rate of the culture water and reducing the discharge of culture tail water; the dung beetles cultured in the dung beetle culture pond are used as feed to feed Penaeus vannamei, without the need for transportation and freezing, the dung beetles are highly safe and fresh, and can provide a large amount of high-quality feed for Penaeus vannamei, thereby improving product quality and reducing culture cost.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a factory-scale circulating water culture system for Penaeus vannamei and Drosophila melanogaster, comprising a water distribution workshop, wherein the water distribution workshop is connected to a shrimp culture pond through an inlet pipe, and a water inlet pump is arranged on the inlet pipe; the shrimp culture pond is connected to a Drosophila melanogaster culture pond through a tailwater pipe, and the water inlet of the tailwater pipe is arranged at the bottom of the shrimp culture pond; the Drosophila melanogaster culture pond is connected to the shrimp culture pond through a return pipe, and a return pump is arranged on the return pipe; the shrimp culture pond is connected to a first sewage pipe, and the Drosophila melanogaster culture pond is connected to a second sewage pipe, and a sewage tank is arranged below the water outlets of the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, a first sewage trough is left at the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond, the first sewage trough is connected to the first sewage pipe and the tailwater pipe respectively, and the outlet of the first sewage pipe is connected to the first vertically arranged plug; a second sewage trough is left at the bottom of the wasp breeding pond, the second sewage trough is connected to the second sewage pipe, and the outlet of the second sewage pipe is connected to the second vertically arranged plug; the top of the second plug is lower than the first plug, and the top of the second plug is level with the maximum static water level of the wasp breeding pond.

[0008] When the water level in the shrimp breeding pond is higher than the first plug pipe, the water at the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond automatically passes through the first sewage trough and the first sewage pipe, and is discharged from the top of the first plug pipe into the sewage tank to achieve sewage discharge; when the water level in the water flea breeding pond is higher than the second plug pipe, the water at the bottom of the water flea breeding pond automatically passes through the second sewage trough and the second sewage pipe, and is discharged from the top of the second plug pipe into the sewage tank to achieve automatic sewage discharge;

[0009] Since the top of the second plug is lower than that of the first plug, when the water level in the shrimp breeding pond is higher than that in the wasp breeding pond, the water at the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond carries organic matter such as leftover bait and feces into the wasp breeding pond through the tailwater pipe, and the water at the bottom of the wasp breeding pond is automatically discharged through the second sewage pipe and the second plug.

[0010] Furthermore, the first insert pipe and the second insert pipe extend into the sewage tank.

[0011] Furthermore, a retaining wall parallel to the pond wall is built in the water retaining wall, a slot is left on the top of the water retaining wall, the slot can be inserted into the water retaining board, the material of the water retaining board is wood or plastic; the water retaining wall divides the water retaining pond into a water retaining area and a water inlet area, and the second sewage trough is arranged at the bottom of the water inlet area; the third sewage trough and the tail water inlet are respectively arranged at the bottom of the water inlet area, the third sewage trough is connected to the second sewage pipe, and the tail water inlet is connected to the tail water pipe.

[0012] When the shrimp breeding pond transports aquaculture tail water to the wasp breeding pond, the aquaculture tail water passes through the tail water pipe and the tail water inlet, then passes through the filter layer and crosses the retaining wall to flow into the wasp breeding area. The flow velocity of the aquaculture tail water decreases in the process of passing through the filter layer, and flows into the wasp breeding area along a parabolic trajectory after crossing the retaining wall and the water retaining plate, so that the particulate matter in the aquaculture tail water settles from top to bottom in the wasp breeding pond, and the sediment is evenly distributed, which can better meet the feeding needs of the wasp and improve the efficiency of the wasp in purifying water.

[0013] Furthermore, a first filter tube is arranged above the first sewage trough, and filter holes are distributed on the tube wall of the first filter tube. A second filter tube is arranged above the second sewage trough, and filter holes are distributed on the tube wall of the second filter tube.

[0014] Organic matter adsorbed by microbubbles on the surface of the water in shrimp breeding ponds and wasp breeding ponds, blocky sediments precipitated at the bottom of the ponds, feed residues, etc. can pass through the filter tube and be discharged through the first and second sewage troughs. At the same time, the first filter tube can prevent shrimps from entering the first sewage trough and being discharged with the sewage, and the second filter tube can prevent wasps from entering the second sewage trough and being discharged with the sewage.

[0015] Furthermore, the filter holes are oblique strip-shaped filter holes.

[0016] Furthermore, LED light strips and metal halide lamps are installed above the shrimp breeding ponds and the wasp breeding ponds. Natural light, LED light strips and metal halide lamps can be used alternately to illuminate the water surface in the shrimp breeding ponds and the wasp breeding ponds to promote the reproduction of algae in the upper part of the water body.

[0017] Furthermore, a multi-layer cage is placed in the wasp breeding pond, the multi-layer cage includes a cage frame, and no less than nine layers of single-layer screens are arranged in parallel in the cage frame. The four corners of the single-layer screens pass through the cage frame and are fixed with plastic tie bands. The multi-layer cage can be used to culture wasps in the wasp breeding pond; the distance between the bottom layer of the screen and the bottom of the cage frame is 5-15 cm, which is convenient for the flow of water and sewage at the bottom of the pond. At the same time, after the multi-layer cage is arranged, space can be left at the bottom of the pond, which is convenient for the installation of nano oxygenation tubes or oxygenation plates.

[0018] Furthermore, 2-4 nano oxygenation tubes with a length exceeding 1 / 2 of the pond wall length are evenly spaced along the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond. When oxygenation is performed at the maximum water level, vortices can be generated in the water body. 6-8 nano oxygenation tubes or oxygenation trays with a length of 2 meters are evenly arranged at the bottom of the pond and between the multi-layer cages in the water shrimp breeding area to perform bottom array oxygenation to promote microbial reproduction and floc particle formation.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for cultivating Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus sphaerocephalus using the above-mentioned factory-scale recirculating aquaculture system, and the cultivation process includes:

[0020] (1) Water diversion and water transfer: natural seawater or underground saline water is introduced into the water distribution workshop for water transfer. The water body after water transfer is aquaculture water body, and the total salinity of aquaculture water body is lower than the salinity of natural seawater; the total concentration of calcium ion and magnesium ion in aquaculture water body is 400-1000mg / L, the concentration ratio of calcium ion and magnesium ion is 1:3-5, the potassium ion concentration is 150-200mg / L, and the water temperature is 25-29℃;

[0021] (2) Transporting aquaculture water: transporting the aquaculture water to the shrimp aquaculture pond through the water inlet pipe. When the water level in the shrimp aquaculture pond is higher than the water level in the water flea aquaculture pond, the aquaculture water in the shrimp aquaculture pond flows into the water flea aquaculture pond through the tailwater pipe until the water levels in the shrimp aquaculture pond and the water flea aquaculture pond are the same; when the water level in the shrimp aquaculture pond meets the aquaculture demand, the transport of aquaculture water is stopped;

[0022] (3) Recirculating water aquaculture, culturing Penaeus vannamei in shrimp culture ponds and culturing Drosophila in water flea culture ponds, and inoculating microalgae in shrimp culture ponds and water flea culture ponds. During the aquaculture process, the return pump is turned on regularly to transport the water in the upper part of the water flea culture pond to the shrimp culture pond through the return pipe. At the same time, due to the water level difference between the shrimp culture pond and the water flea culture pond, the water at the bottom of the shrimp culture pond flows into the water flea culture pond through the tailwater pipe, thereby realizing multiple circulation and transportation of aquaculture water and nutrients in the shrimp culture pond and the water flea culture pond;

[0023] The specific operation of breeding Penaeus vannamei in the shrimp breeding pond is to breed 3-4cm long Penaeus vannamei shrimp at a rate of 900-1200 / m 3 The shrimp are stocked into shrimp culture ponds at a density of 10000 g for breeding. Before stocking, the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are tested for specific pathogens to ensure that the post-larvae do not carry specific pathogens. The post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are then temporarily raised. After 24 to 30 days of temporary raising, the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are tested for specific pathogens again to ensure that the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei do not carry specific pathogens before being stocked into shrimp culture ponds.

[0024] When temporarily raising Litopenaeus vannamei larvae, water is added to the water flea breeding pond, multi-layer net cages are arranged, microalgae and water fleas are inoculated, feed, wheat bran, etc. are fed into the pond, molasses and beneficial bacteria are sprinkled, biofilm is formed on the multi-layer net cages, and water fleas are expanded;

[0025] (4) Drainage: When too much sediment accumulates in the shrimp culture pond or the water flea culture pond, unplug the first plug and drain the sewage through the first drainage pipe, and unplug the second plug and drain the sewage through the second drainage pipe; when the culture system needs to change water, first unplug the second plug to drain the water to the corresponding water level, then insert the second plug into the second drainage pipe, and finally add new culture water to the shrimp culture pond through the water inlet pipe;

[0026] (5) Feeding and supplementation: During the breeding of Penaeus vannamei and Drosophila, Drosophila of corresponding body length are captured from the Drosophila breeding pond according to the average body length of Penaeus vannamei in the shrimp breeding pond and fed to the shrimp breeding pond as feed, and complete compound feed is supplemented according to the food demand of Penaeus vannamei.

[0027] Furthermore, in step (5), when the average body length of Penaeus vannamei is 3-8 cm, feeding them with wasps with a body length of 2-5 mm, and when the average body length of Penaeus vannamei is more than 8 cm, feeding them with wasps with a body length of more than 5 mm can improve the utilization rate of the wasps.

[0028] Furthermore, in step (3), the microalgae include species of diatoms, salt algae and / or Chlorella; and the specific pathogens include iridovirus, white spot virus, infectious myonecrosis virus, hepatocellular carcinoma and / or highly pathogenic Vibrio.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The factory-scale circulating water culture system for Penaeus vannamei and Drosophila sphaerocephala provided by the present invention connects the shrimp culture pond and the Drosophila sphaerocephala culture pond through a tailwater pipe and a return pipe, respectively, so that the culture tailwater at the bottom of the Penaeus vannamei culture pond can be passed into the Drosophila sphaerocephala culture pond, and the culture water at the top of the Drosophila sphaerocephala culture pond can be returned to the shrimp culture pond, so as to realize the circulation of the culture water and nutrients in the shrimp culture pond and the Drosophila sphaerocephala culture pond. Through the circulation of the culture water, organic matter in the shrimp culture pond can be discharged in time, nutrients can be provided for the Drosophila sphaerocephala, the water quality and utilization rate of the water in the shrimp culture pond can be improved, and the discharge of the culture tailwater can be reduced.

[0031] 2. The dung beetles cultured in the dung beetle culture pond of the present invention can ingest organic particulate matter such as residual bait, feces, and biological flocs deposited on the screen of the multi-layer culture cage in the tail water of the cultivation of Penaeus vannamei, so that the organic waste such as residual feed in the tail water of the cultivation of Penaeus vannamei can be fully utilized; the multi-layer culture cage has a biological filter bed function due to the formation of a large amount of biofilm on the screen, and the continuous ingestion of the biofilm by the dung beetles solves the inactivation and disintegration phenomenon of the ordinary biological filter bed caused by the excessive thickness of the biofilm, thereby improving the activity of the biofilm and the efficiency of the biological filter bed; the tail water of the cultivation of Penaeus vannamei in the dung beetle culture pond is biologically purified through the synergistic effects of absorption by microorganisms and microalgae, ingestion by the dung beetles, and purification by the biological filter bed, and the contents of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite can be greatly reduced.

[0032] 3. The breeding method of the present invention can use the scorpion flies cultured in the scorpion fly breeding pond as feed to feed the vannamei shrimp. The breeding generation of scorpion flies is 7 to 15 days, and 2 to 3 generations can be bred and matured every month, which can provide a large amount of fresh feed for the vannamei shrimp. At the same time, the breeding water body in the factory-scale circulating water breeding system of the present invention is closed-loop circulated, and external water is not directly added to the scorpion fly breeding pond, which can avoid the introduction of unknown pathogens and is conducive to the cultivation of scorpion flies without specific pathogens. The scorpion flies cultured in the factory-scale circulating water breeding system of the present invention are highly safe as feed, and the breeding risk is much lower than that of using external chilled bait to feed the vannamei shrimp. Using the scorpion flies cultured by the present invention as feed can achieve immediate use after being caught, without the need for transportation and freezing, and the scorpion fly feed is fresh, which can improve the quality of the vannamei shrimp and reduce the breeding cost at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the factory-scale circulating aquaculture system in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-layer mesh box in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shrimp breeding pond and the wasp breeding pond in Example 1.

[0037] In the figure, 1-water distribution workshop, 11-water inlet pipe, 12-water inlet pump, 2-prawn breeding pond, 21-tailwater pipe, 22-first sewage pipe, 23-first filter pipe, 24-first insert pipe, 3-shrimp breeding pond, 31-return pipe, 32-return pump, 33-second sewage pipe, 34-second filter pipe, 35-second insert pipe, 36-retaining wall, 37-multi-layer cage, 4-sewage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A factory-scale circulating water culture system for Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus sphaerocephalus, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the factory-scale circulating aquaculture system from a top view is shown, which includes a water distribution workshop 1, which is connected to a shrimp culture pond 2 via a water inlet pipe 11, and a water inlet pump 12 is provided on the water inlet pipe 11;

[0041] Four nanometer oxygenation tubes with a length exceeding 1 / 2 of the pond wall length are arranged at equal distances along the bottom of the pond wall of the shrimp breeding pond 2, and an LED light strip and a metal halide lamp are arranged above the shrimp breeding pond 2; a first sewage trough is left at the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond 2, a first filter tube 23 is arranged above the first sewage trough, and oblique strip filter holes are distributed on the pipe wall of the first filter tube 23; the first sewage trough is connected to the tailwater pipe 21 and the first sewage pipe 22 respectively, the tailwater pipe 21 is connected to the water breeding pond 3, the water outlet of the first sewage pipe 22 is connected to the vertically arranged first plug pipe 24, and a sewage tank 4 is arranged below the water outlet of the first plug pipe 24;

[0042] An LED light strip and a metal halide lamp are arranged above the water-retaining pond 3 for water-retaining insects; a brick-concrete structure water retaining wall 36 is constructed in the water-retaining insect breeding pond 3, which is parallel to the pool wall, 40 cm high, and has a slot on the top; the water retaining wall 36 divides the water-retaining insect breeding pond 3 into a water-retaining insect breeding area and a water inlet area; a water retaining plate can be inserted into the slot on the top of the water retaining wall 36; the water retaining plate is made of plastic, and the total height of the water retaining plate after being inserted into the water retaining wall 36 is 80 cm;

[0043] Four multi-layer net cages 37 are placed in the water chestnut breeding area, and the adjacent multi-layer net cages 37 are spaced 0.5m apart. The multi-layer net cages 37 include a net cage frame, and each net cage frame is provided with nine layers of single-layer screens in parallel. The four corners of the single-layer screens pass through the net cage frame and are fixed with plastic tie bands. The distance between the bottom layer of the screen and the bottom of the net cage frame is 10cm; 8 nanometer oxygenation tubes or oxygenation plates with a length of 2 meters are evenly arranged between the bottom of the pond and the multi-layer net cages 37 in the water chestnut breeding area;

[0044] A tailwater inlet is provided at the bottom of the water inlet area, and the tailwater inlet is connected to the tailwater pipeline 21;

[0045] The water flea breeding pond 3 is connected to the shrimp breeding pond 2 through a return pipe 31, and a return pump 32 is provided on the return pipe 31;

[0046] A second sewage trough is arranged at the bottom of the water flea breeding pond 3, and the second sewage trough is located in the water flea breeding area. A second filter tube 34 is arranged above the second sewage trough, and oblique strip filter holes are distributed on the tube wall of the second filter tube 34; a third sewage trough is arranged in the water inlet area, and the second sewage trough and the third sewage trough are both connected to the second sewage pipe 33, and the water outlet of the second sewage pipe 33 is connected to the vertically arranged second plug 35, and the water outlet of the second plug 35 is located above the sewage tank 4, and the top of the second plug 35 is level with the maximum static water level of the water flea breeding pond 3.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A method for cultivating Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus edulis using the factory-scale recirculating aquaculture system of Example 1, wherein the cultivation process comprises:

[0049] (1) Introduce natural seawater or underground saline water into the water distribution workshop for water adjustment. The water body after the water adjustment is the aquaculture water body. The total salinity of the aquaculture water body is lower than the salinity of natural seawater; the total concentration of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the aquaculture water body is 400-1000 mg / L, the concentration ratio of calcium ions to magnesium ions is 1:3-5, the potassium ion concentration is 150-200 mg / L, and the water temperature is 25-29°C;

[0050] (2) The aquaculture water is transported to the shrimp aquaculture pond through the water inlet pipe. When the water level in the shrimp aquaculture pond is higher than the water level in the water flea aquaculture pond, the aquaculture water in the shrimp aquaculture pond flows into the water flea aquaculture pond through the tailwater pipe until the water levels in the shrimp aquaculture pond and the water flea aquaculture pond are the same; the aquaculture water transport is stopped when the water level in the shrimp aquaculture pond meets the aquaculture demand;

[0051] (3) Cultivating Litopenaeus vannamei in a shrimp culture pond and culturing scorpions in a water flea culture pond, and inoculating microalgae in the shrimp culture pond and the water flea culture pond, wherein the microalgae include species of diatoms, salt algae and / or Chlorella; during the culture process, the reflux pump is turned on at regular intervals to transport the water in the upper part of the water flea culture pond to the shrimp culture pond through the reflux pipe, and at the same time, due to the water level difference between the shrimp culture pond and the water flea culture pond, the water in the bottom of the shrimp culture pond flows into the water flea culture pond through the tailwater pipe, thereby realizing multiple circulation and transportation of the culture water and nutrients in the shrimp culture pond and the water flea culture pond;

[0052] The specific operation of breeding Penaeus vannamei in the shrimp breeding pond is to breed 3-4cm long Penaeus vannamei shrimp at a rate of 900-1200 / m 3The shrimp are stocked at a density of 1000 g / cm2 into shrimp culture ponds for breeding. Before stocking, the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are tested for specific pathogens, including iris virus, white spot virus, infectious myonecrosis virus, hepatoenterozoa and / or highly pathogenic Vibrio. After ensuring that the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei do not carry specific pathogens, the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are temporarily raised. After 24 to 30 days of temporary raising, a specific pathogen test is conducted again to ensure that the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei do not carry specific pathogens before they are stocked into shrimp culture ponds.

[0053] When temporarily raising Litopenaeus vannamei larvae, water is added to the water flea breeding pond, multi-layer net cages are arranged, microalgae and water fleas are inoculated, feed, wheat bran, etc. are fed into the pond, molasses and beneficial bacteria are sprinkled, biofilm is formed on the multi-layer net cages, and water fleas are expanded;

[0054] (4) When too much sediment accumulates in the shrimp culture pond or the water flea culture pond, unplug the first plug and drain the sewage through the first sewage pipe, and unplug the second plug and drain the sewage through the second sewage pipe; when the culture system is changed, first unplug the second plug to drain the water to the corresponding water level, then insert the second plug into the second sewage pipe, and finally add new culture water to the shrimp culture pond through the water inlet pipe;

[0055] (5) In the process of breeding Penaeus vannamei and ground flies, ground flies of corresponding length are captured in the ground fly breeding pond according to the average body length of Penaeus vannamei in the shrimp breeding pond and fed to the shrimp breeding pond as feed. When the average body length of Penaeus vannamei is 3-8cm, ground flies of 2-5mm in length are fed. When the average body length of Penaeus vannamei is more than 8cm, ground flies of more than 5mm in length are fed. In addition, complete compound feed is supplemented according to the food demand of Penaeus vannamei.

[0056] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A factory-scale circulating water culture system for Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus sphaerocephalus, comprising a water distribution workshop, characterized in that: The water distribution workshop is connected to the shrimp breeding pond through an inlet pipe, and a water inlet pump is arranged on the inlet pipe; the shrimp breeding pond is connected to the wasp breeding pond through a tailwater pipe, and the water inlet of the tailwater pipe is arranged at the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond; the wasp breeding pond is connected to the shrimp breeding pond through a return pipe, and a return pump is arranged on the return pipe; the shrimp breeding pond is connected to the first sewage pipe, and the wasp breeding pond is connected to the second sewage pipe, and a sewage tank is arranged below the water outlets of the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe; A first sewage trough is provided at the bottom of the shrimp breeding pond, the first sewage trough is connected to the first sewage pipe and the tailwater pipe respectively, and the outlet of the first sewage pipe is connected to the first vertically arranged plug pipe; a second sewage trough is provided at the bottom of the water lizard breeding pond, the second sewage trough is connected to the second sewage pipe, and the outlet of the second sewage pipe is connected to the second vertically arranged plug pipe; the top of the second plug pipe is lower than the first plug pipe, and the top of the second plug pipe is level with the maximum static water level of the water lizard breeding pond; A first filter tube is arranged above the first sewage trough, and filter holes are distributed on the tube wall of the first filter tube; a second filter tube is arranged above the second sewage trough, and filter holes are distributed on the tube wall of the second filter tube; A retaining wall parallel to the pond wall is built in the water retaining wall, a slot is left on the top of the water retaining wall, the slot can be inserted into a retaining plate, and the retaining plate is made of wood or plastic; the water retaining wall divides the water retaining pond into a water retaining area and a water inlet area, the second sewage trough is located at the bottom of the water retaining area; a third sewage trough is arranged in the water inlet area, and the third sewage trough is connected to the second sewage pipe; a tail water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the water inlet area, and the tail water inlet is connected to the tail water pipe; A multi-layer cage is placed in the water flea breeding pond, which includes a cage frame. No less than nine layers of single-layer screens are arranged in parallel in the cage frame. The four corners of the single-layer screens pass through the cage frame and are fixed with plastic tie bands; the distance between the bottom layer of the screen and the bottom of the cage frame is 5-15cm.

2. The industrialized circulating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: LED light strips and metal halide lamps are installed above the shrimp breeding ponds and wasp breeding ponds.

3. The industrialized circulating aquaculture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: 2-4 nano oxygenation tubes with a length exceeding 1 / 2 of the pond wall are evenly spaced along the bottom of the shrimp culture pond; 6-8 nano oxygenation tubes or oxygenation plates with a length of 2 meters are evenly arranged at the bottom of the pond and between the multi-layer cages in the water shrimp culture area.

4. A method for cultivating Penaeus vannamei and Litopenaeus edulis using the factory-scale circulating water aquaculture system as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The breeding process includes: (1) Introduce natural seawater or underground saline water into the water distribution workshop for water adjustment. The water body after the water adjustment is the aquaculture water body. The total salinity of the aquaculture water body is lower than the salinity of natural seawater; the total concentration of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the aquaculture water body is 400-1000 mg / L, the concentration ratio of calcium ions to magnesium ions is 1:3-5, the potassium ion concentration is 150-200 mg / L, and the water temperature is 25-29°C; (2) The aquaculture water is transported to the shrimp aquaculture pond through the water inlet pipe. When the water level in the shrimp aquaculture pond is higher than the water level in the water flea aquaculture pond, the aquaculture water in the shrimp aquaculture pond flows into the water flea aquaculture pond through the tailwater pipe until the water levels in the shrimp aquaculture pond and the water flea aquaculture pond are the same; the aquaculture water transport is stopped when the water level in the shrimp aquaculture pond meets the aquaculture demand; (3) Cultivating Penaeus vannamei in a shrimp culture pond and Caulis sphaerocephala in a sphaerocephala culture pond, and inoculating microalgae in the shrimp culture pond and the sphaerocephala culture pond. During the culture process, the return pump is turned on at regular intervals to transport the water in the upper part of the sphaerocephala culture pond to the shrimp culture pond through the return pipe. At the same time, due to the water level difference between the shrimp culture pond and the sphaerocephala culture pond, the water in the bottom of the shrimp culture pond flows into the sphaerocephala culture pond through the tailwater pipe, thereby realizing multiple circulation and transportation of the culture water and nutrients in the shrimp culture pond and the sphaerocephala culture pond; The specific operation of breeding Penaeus vannamei in the shrimp breeding pond is to breed 3-4cm long Penaeus vannamei shrimp at a rate of 900-1200 / m 3 The shrimp are stocked into shrimp culture ponds at a density of 10000 g for breeding. Before stocking, the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are tested for specific pathogens to ensure that the post-larvae do not carry specific pathogens. The post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are then temporarily raised. After 24 to 30 days of temporary raising, the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei are tested for specific pathogens again to ensure that the post-larvae of Penaeus vannamei do not carry specific pathogens before being stocked into shrimp culture ponds. When temporarily raising Litopenaeus vannamei larvae, water is added to the water flea culture pond, multi-layer net cages are arranged, microalgae and water fleas are inoculated, feed is fed into the pond, molasses and beneficial bacteria are sprinkled, biofilm is formed on the multi-layer net cages, and water fleas are expanded; (4) When too much sediment accumulates in the shrimp culture pond or the water flea culture pond, unplug the first plug and drain the sewage through the first sewage pipe, and unplug the second plug and drain the sewage through the second sewage pipe; when the culture system is changed, first unplug the second plug to drain the water to the corresponding water level, then insert the second plug into the second sewage pipe, and finally add new culture water to the shrimp culture pond through the water inlet pipe; (5) In the process of breeding Litopenaeus vannamei and Drosophila, Drosophila of corresponding body length are captured in the Drosophila breeding pond according to the average body length of Litopenaeus vannamei in the shrimp breeding pond and fed to the shrimp breeding pond as feed, and complete compound feed is supplemented according to the food demand of Litopenaeus vannamei.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step (5), when the average body length of Penaeus vannamei is 3-8 cm, the shrimps with a body length of 2-5 mm are fed, and when the average body length of Penaeus vannamei is more than 8 cm, the shrimps with a body length of more than 5 mm are fed.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step (3), the microalgae include species of diatoms, salt algae or Chlorella; the specific pathogens include iridovirus, white spot virus, infectious myonecrosis virus, hepatocellular carcinoma or highly pathogenic Vibrio.

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