Gearbox and working machine
By adding a protective cover in the case of the tractor transmission to isolate the oil, the problem of high fuel consumption of the transmission is solved, and the effect of reducing fuel consumption and improving fuel economy is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411326801.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing tractor gearbox is difficult to control fuel power loss, resulting in high fuel consumption and cannot meet customers' fuel economy requirements.
A protective cover is added in the case of the transmission. The protective cover is installed outside the gear to isolate the oil of the transmission and reduce the amount of oil agitated on the gear, thereby reducing power loss and engine oil temperature rise.
By reducing the power loss and oil temperature rise of the gearbox, the fuel consumption of the working machinery is reduced, the economical fuel performance of the working machinery is improved, and the operation of the gearbox is more stable and reliable.
Smart Images
Figure CN119508467A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to gearboxes and working machinery. Background Art
[0002] Tractors are a common agricultural machine. At present, my country's tractors are in the upgrading stage, and users have technical quality improvement requirements in many aspects such as driving experience and fuel economy. However, the existing tractors are difficult to control fuel power loss, and still have the problem of high fuel consumption, which cannot fully meet customers' fuel economy requirements. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a gearbox and a working machine, which are beneficial to reducing the fuel consumption of the working machine.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides a gearbox on one hand, the gearbox comprising:
[0005] Box shell;
[0006] A protective cover is arranged in the box shell and divides the space in the box shell into a protective cover inner cavity and a protective cover outer cavity, wherein the protective cover inner cavity is formed inside the protective cover, and the protective cover outer cavity is formed outside the protective cover and contains oil;
[0007] The first gear unit is rotatably arranged in the inner cavity of the protective cover, and the bottom edge of the first gear unit is lower than the oil level in the outer cavity of the protective cover.
[0008] In some specific embodiments, the bottom of the protective cover is sealed so that the oil level in the inner cavity of the protective cover can be lower than the oil level in the outer cavity of the protective cover.
[0009] In some specific embodiments, the first gear unit may include a gear having a rotation speed greater than or equal to 15 m / s.
[0010] In some specific embodiments, the protective cover may include a first shell and a second shell connected along an axial direction of the first gear unit, and the protective cover inner cavity is defined between the first shell and the second shell.
[0011] In some specific embodiments, the second shell may be integrally formed on the side wall of the box shell.
[0012] In some specific embodiments, the second shell can be arranged independently of the side wall of the box shell and fits on the side wall of the box shell in a matching manner.
[0013] In some specific embodiments, the gearbox may further include a second gear unit meshing with the first gear unit, the peripheral area adjacent to the first gear unit includes a meshing area and a non-meshing area, the second gear unit is located in the meshing area, a first avoidance gap is provided on the first shell, the meshing area is exposed to the outside of the inner cavity of the protective cover through the first avoidance gap, and the non-meshing area is accommodated in the inner cavity of the protective cover.
[0014] In some specific embodiments, the shape of the protective cover can be matched with the shape of the first gear unit, and the minimum gap between the protective cover and the first gear unit is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.
[0015] In some specific embodiments, the first gear unit may include a first gear, a rotating shaft is passed through the center of the first gear, and the first housing is provided with a second avoidance opening, and the rotating shaft can pass through the second avoidance opening.
[0016] In some specific embodiments, a connector for fixedly mounting with the box shell is provided on the outer side of the protective cover.
[0017] A second aspect of the present application also provides a working machine, which may include the above-mentioned gearbox.
[0018] Through the above technical solution, since a protective cover is added inside the gearbox casing and the protective cover is arranged outside the gear, the oil of the gearbox can be isolated outside the inner cavity of the protective cover. When the gear rotates, the amount of oil stirring of the gear can be reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power loss of the gearbox and slowing down the temperature rise of the engine oil, which is beneficial to reducing the fuel consumption of the operating machinery and improving the economic fuel efficiency of the operating machinery.
[0019] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a gearbox according to a specific embodiment of the present application is shown;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a gearbox;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover and the first gear unit;
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A top view of
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Side view of.
[0026] Description of Reference Numerals
[0027] 100 Gearbox 1 Case
[0028] 11 Protective cover outer cavity 2 Protective cover
[0029] 21 protective cover cavity 22 first shell
[0030] 221 First avoidance gap 222 Second avoidance opening
[0031] 23 second housing 24 connecting member
[0032] 3 First gear unit 31 Rotating shaft
[0033] 4 Second gear unit DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The specific implementation of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application.
[0035] In the prior art, operating machinery still has the problem of high fuel consumption, which makes it difficult to meet the fuel economy requirements of customers. The inventor of the present application has found through continuous thinking that, taking a tractor as an example, there is usually more oil in the tractor gearbox. When the gears rotate, the oil is stirred greatly, which makes the gearbox oil stirring power loss and temperature rise high, and the transmission efficiency is reduced, thereby increasing the fuel consumption of the tractor.
[0036] In view of this, the present application provides a new type of gearbox, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the gearbox 100 includes a housing 1, a protective cover 2 and a first gear unit 3. The protective cover 2 is arranged in the housing 1 and divides the space in the housing 1 into a protective cover inner cavity 21 and a protective cover outer cavity 11. The protective cover inner cavity 21 is formed in the protective cover 2, and the protective cover outer cavity 11 is formed outside the protective cover 2 and contains oil, that is, the protective cover inner cavity 21 is formed on the inner side of the inner peripheral wall of the protective cover 2, and the protective cover outer cavity 11 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the protective cover 2 and the inner peripheral wall of the housing 1. The first gear unit 3 is rotatably arranged in the protective cover inner cavity 21, and the bottom edge of the first gear unit 3 is lower than the oil level in the protective cover outer cavity 11.
[0037] When the protective cover 2 is not provided, since the bottom edge of the first gear unit 3 is lower than the oil level in the protective cover outer cavity 11, that is, the first gear unit 3 is partially immersed in the oil in the casing 1. In this way, when the gears of the first gear unit 3 rotate, the oil in the casing 1 will be stirred, resulting in high oil stirring power loss and temperature rise of the gearbox, and reduced transmission efficiency.
[0038] The gearbox 100 of the present application can isolate the oil of the gearbox 100 outside the inner cavity 21 of the protective cover 2 by adding a protective cover 2 inside the housing 1, and the protective cover 2 is arranged outside the first gear unit 3, thereby reducing the oil in the inner cavity 21 of the protective cover and lowering the oil level in the inner cavity 21 of the protective cover. When the gears of the first gear unit 3 rotate, the amount of oil stirred by the gears is greatly reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power loss of the gearbox 100 and slowing down the temperature rise of the engine oil, which is beneficial to reducing the oil consumption of the operating machinery and improving the fuel economy of the operating machinery.
[0039] It should be noted that the housing 1, the protective cover 2 and the first gear unit 3 can have various structural forms. The shape of the housing 1 can be set according to different performance requirements, the first gear unit 3 can include multiple gears or only one gear, and the shape of the protective cover 2 can be designed according to the structural form of the first gear unit 3.
[0040] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the first gear unit 3 includes a gear with the largest outer diameter in the gearbox 100. The gear has a fast rotation speed, a large volume, and a large amount of oil stirring. Therefore, a protective cover 2 is arranged outside the gear so that the gear is built into the inner cavity 21 of the protective cover to be separated from the oil in the outer cavity 11 of the protective cover, thereby greatly reducing the amount of oil stirring of the gear, effectively reducing the power loss of the gearbox 100 and slowing down the temperature rise of the engine oil.
[0041] In some specific embodiments, the bottom of the protective cover 2 is sealed, so that the oil in the protective cover inner cavity 21 can be completely separated from the oil in the protective cover outer cavity 11 at the bottom, so that the oil level in the protective cover inner cavity 21 can be lower than the oil level in the protective cover outer cavity 11, thereby reducing the amount of oil stirring in the first gear unit 3.
[0042] Alternatively, in some other specific embodiments, an oil gap is provided on the bottom of the protective cover 2, and the protective cover inner cavity 21 and the protective cover outer cavity 11 can be connected through the oil gap. By controlling the size of the oil gap to be as small as possible, the flow rate of the oil between the protective cover outer cavity 11 and the protective cover inner cavity 21 can be controlled. In order to keep the oil level in the protective cover inner cavity 21 lower than the oil level in the protective cover outer cavity 11 when the gears of the first gear unit 3 rotate to reduce the amount of oil stirring, the oil gap can be set as small as possible, so that the flow rate of the oil between the protective cover outer cavity 11 and the protective cover inner cavity 21 is lower than the oil throwing rate when the gears rotate.
[0043] It is understandable that the faster the speed of the gear, the greater the amount of oil stirring, and the greater the power loss and oil temperature rise. When the speed of the gear of the first gear unit 3 is greater than or equal to 15m / s, if too much oil is added to the gearbox, the high-temperature and high-speed gears will cause the oil to expand, resulting in oil leakage. In addition, when the oil is stirred at high speed, it is easy for the oil to contain bubbles. After the oil with bubbles enters the oil pump, it is difficult for the oil pump to establish the required oil pressure.
[0044] Therefore, the first gear unit 3 may include a gear with a rotation speed greater than or equal to 15 m / s. By providing a protective cover 2 outside the gear with a rotation speed greater than or equal to 15 m / s, the amount of oil stirring of the high-speed gear of the first gear unit 3 can be reduced, making the overall operation of the gearbox 100 more stable and reliable.
[0045] In some specific embodiments, the protective cover 2 may include a first shell 22 and a second shell 23 connected along the axial direction of the first gear unit 3, and the protective cover inner cavity 21 is defined between the first shell 22 and the second shell 23. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first housing 22 may include a peripheral wall and an end wall. The peripheral wall of the first housing 22 extends along the axial direction of the gear of the first gear unit 3. The plane where the end wall of the first housing 22 is located is perpendicular to the axial direction of the gear of the first gear unit 3. The end wall of the first housing 22 is connected to one axial end of the peripheral wall of the first housing 22. The second housing 23 is plate-shaped, and the plane where the second housing 23 is located is perpendicular to the axial direction of the gear of the first gear unit 3. The second housing 23 is connected to the other axial end of the peripheral wall of the first housing 22. In this way, the first housing 22 and the second housing 23 jointly define the inner cavity 21 of the protective cover, which can completely cover the gear of the first gear unit 3 in the axial direction and cover the gear of the first gear unit 3 as completely as possible in the circumferential direction, so as to ensure that when the gear of the first gear unit 3 rotates, as much oil as possible splashes inside the protective cover 2 and follows the rotation.
[0046] Optionally, in order to ensure that there is a suitable gap between the protective cover 2 and the first gear unit 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the shape of the protective cover 2 matches the shape of the first gear unit 3, and the minimum gap between the protective cover 2 and the first gear unit 3 is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm. In this way, the gap between the protective cover 2 and the first gear unit 3 can be as small as possible to reduce the agitation of the oil, and there can also be enough gap between the protective cover 2 and the first gear unit 3 to avoid scratching the protective cover 2 during gear operation, thereby ensuring stable and reliable operation of the gearbox 100. Preferably, the minimum gap between the protective cover 2 and the first gear unit 3 can be set to be greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 18 mm, which can further reduce the agitation of the oil.
[0047] In some specific embodiments, the second housing 23 may be integrally formed on the side wall of the housing 1. In this way, the amount of sheet metal may be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the gearbox 100. At this time, the first housing 22 and the side wall of the housing 1 together define the protective cover inner cavity 21.
[0048] Alternatively, in some other specific embodiments, since the side wall of the housing 1 of the gearbox 100 is usually an irregular wall surface, in order to reduce the impact on the original structure of the gearbox and reduce the mold opening and design costs, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the second housing 23 can be arranged independently of the side wall of the box shell 1. In this way, it is convenient to connect and install the first housing 22 and the second housing 23, and it can also reduce the impact on the original structure of the gearbox and reduce the design and mold cost.
[0049] Furthermore, if Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the connection and installation of the first shell 22 and the second shell 23, the second shell 23 can be in a flat plate shape, and the outer diameter of the second shell 23 can be set to be larger than the outer diameter of the first shell 22. In addition, the first shell 22 and the second shell 23 can be sheet metal structures with low manufacturing cost.
[0050] Furthermore, in order to make the overall structure of the gearbox 100 more stable and reliable and reduce vibration and noise, the second shell 23 can be matched and fitted on the side wall of the box shell 1.
[0051] In some specific embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the gearbox 100 may also include a second gear unit 4 meshing with the first gear unit 3, and the peripheral area surrounding the first gear unit 3 and adjacent to the first gear unit 3 includes a meshing area and a non-meshing area, and the second gear unit 4 is located in the meshing area. The first housing 22 is provided with a first avoidance notch 221, and the meshing area is exposed to the outside of the protective cover inner cavity 21 through the first avoidance notch 221, and the non-meshing area is accommodated in the protective cover inner cavity 21. In this way, it can be ensured that the protective cover inner cavity 21 forms a relatively sealed space, and when the gears of the first gear unit 3 rotate, the stirred and swung oil flows in the protective cover inner cavity 21 formed by the protective cover 2, which can minimize the stirring effect on the oil in the gearbox oil pan. Among them, the first avoidance notch 221 is located at the upper position of the first housing 22.
[0052] Alternatively, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first gear unit includes a first gear, a rotating shaft 31 is passed through the center of the first gear, and the first housing 22 is provided with a second avoidance opening 222, and the rotating shaft 31 can pass through the second avoidance opening 222, so that the structure of the protective cover 2 is more reasonable. The second avoidance opening 222 is located at the center of the first housing 22.
[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first gear unit includes a first gear meshing with the second gear unit 4, and the first avoidance opening 221 is opened along the circumference of the first gear, and the opening angle of the first avoidance opening 221 along the circumference of the first gear matches the outer profile of the second gear unit 4. In addition, the spacing between the end edges of the first avoidance opening 221 at both ends of the circumference of the first gear and the second gear unit 4 is set as small as possible, so that when the gear of the first gear unit 3 rotates, the stirred and swung oil flows in the protective cover inner cavity 21 formed by the protective cover 2, which can minimize the stirring effect on the oil in the gearbox oil pan.
[0054] Furthermore, the spacing between the end edges of the first avoidance opening 221 at both ends of the circumference of the first gear and the second gear unit 4 can be greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 30 mm. In this way, the stirring effect on the oil in the gearbox oil pan can be reduced, and there can also be sufficient clearance between the protective cover 2 and the second gear unit 4 to avoid the gears of the second gear unit 4 from scratching the protective cover 2 during operation, thereby ensuring stable and reliable operation of the gearbox 100.
[0055] Optionally, the bottom end edge of the first avoidance opening 221 may be set higher than the maximum limit height of the oil of the gearbox to ensure the oil isolation effect of the protective cover 2.
[0056] Optionally, a plurality of stress dispersion grooves or stress dispersion protrusions may be provided on the inner side wall of the inner cavity 21 of the protective cover to fully prevent the oil in the protective cover 2 from being aggravated in temperature rise due to stress stirring.
[0057] In some specific embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the outer side of the protective cover 2 is provided with a connecting piece 24 for fixed installation with the box shell 1. In this way, the protective cover 2 can be stably and reliably installed.
[0058] The second aspect of the present application also provides a working machine, which includes the above-mentioned gearbox 100. Since the working machine includes the above-mentioned gearbox, it also has all the technical effects brought by the gearbox, so it will not be repeated. Among them, the working machine is mainly used as an agricultural working machine, and can also be used as an engineering working machine. The agricultural working machine can be, for example, a tractor, a harvester, etc., and the engineering working machine can be, for example, a road roller or an excavator, etc.
[0059] It should be noted that other gear transmission structures of the gearbox are well known to those skilled in the art and do not belong to the core improvement part of the present application, so they will not be described here in detail.
[0060] In summary, the operating machine and the gearbox of the present application can isolate the oil of the gearbox outside the inner cavity of the protective cover by adding a protective cover inside the housing, and the protective cover is arranged outside the first gear unit, thereby reducing the oil in the inner cavity of the protective cover and lowering the oil level in the inner cavity of the protective cover. When the gears of the first gear unit rotate, the amount of oil stirred by the gears is greatly reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power loss of the gearbox and slowing down the temperature rise of the engine oil, which is beneficial to reducing the oil consumption of the operating machine, improving the fuel economy of the operating machine, and making the operation of the gearbox more stable and reliable.
[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0062] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0063] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0064] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A gearbox, characterized in that: include: Box shell (1); A protective cover (2) is arranged in the housing (1) and divides the space in the housing (1) into a protective cover inner cavity (21) and a protective cover outer cavity (11), wherein the protective cover inner cavity (21) is formed inside the protective cover (2), and the protective cover outer cavity (11) is formed outside the protective cover (2) and contains oil; The first gear unit (3) is rotatably disposed in the inner cavity (21) of the protective cover, and the bottom edge of the first gear unit (3) is lower than the oil level in the outer cavity (11) of the protective cover.
2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the protective cover (2) is sealed so that the oil level in the inner cavity (21) of the protective cover can be lower than the oil level in the outer cavity (11) of the protective cover.
3. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear unit (3) comprises a gear with a rotation speed greater than or equal to 15 m / s.
4. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover (2) comprises a first shell (22) and a second shell (23) connected along the axial direction of the first gear unit (3), and the protective cover inner cavity (21) is defined between the first shell (22) and the second shell (23).
5. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second shell (23) is integrally formed on the side wall of the box shell (1).
6. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second shell (23) is arranged independently of the side wall of the box shell (1) and is matched and fitted on the side wall of the box shell (1).
7. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shape of the protective cover (2) is matched with the shape of the first gear unit (3), and the minimum gap between the protective cover (2) and the first gear unit (3) is greater than or equal to 15 mm and less than or equal to 20 mm.
8. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gearbox (100) further comprises a second gear unit (4) meshed with the first gear unit (3); an outer peripheral area adjacent to the first gear unit (3) comprises a meshing area and a non-meshing area; the second gear unit (4) is located in the meshing area; a first avoidance notch (221) is provided on the first housing (22); the meshing area is exposed to the outside of the protective cover inner cavity (21) through the first avoidance notch (221); and the non-meshing area is accommodated in the protective cover inner cavity (21).
9. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first gear unit comprises a first gear, a rotating shaft (31) is passed through the center of the first gear, the first housing (22) is provided with a second avoidance opening (222), and the rotating shaft (31) can pass through the second avoidance opening (222).
10. A working machine, characterized in that: It comprises a gearbox (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.