A blockchain underlying consensus mechanism and a blockchain system based on the consensus mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a consensus mechanism at the bottom of the block chain and a block chain system based on the consensus mechanism. The bottom consensus mechanism of the block chain includes: a consensus network structure and participants, and the consensus network structure is used to provide a carrier for transmitting and synchronizing data , the participants are used to participate in the data storage and evaluation in the consensus network structure, and also include: the first protocol, which is used to select specific participants by voting based on the rotation bookkeeping sub-protocol, and to generate new blocks during the rotation with equal probability, the second The second protocol is used to provide collective voting or evaluation for all participants holding tokens or digital equity based on the collective evaluation consensus sub-protocol, and to generate additional new blocks. The third protocol is used to communicate with any gear-based consensus routing sub-protocol A consensus mechanism network is interconnected. The present invention combines the characteristics of blockchain data structure and peer-to-peer network communication to realize data synchronization consensus that is safe, efficient, decentralized, and flexible in application scenarios.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the field of block chains, in particular to a block chain underlying consensus mechanism and a block chain system based on the consensus mechanism. Background technique [0002] Consensus mechanism refers to the algorithm for blockchain transactions to reach a distributed consensus. [0003] Blockchain is a decentralized distributed ledger system, which can be used to register and issue digital assets, property certificates, points, etc., and transfer, pay and trade in a peer-to-peer manner. Compared with the traditional centralized ledger system, the blockchain system has the advantages of being completely open, tamper-resistant, and preventing multiple payments, and does not rely on any trusted third party. However, due to the high network delay in the peer-to-peer network, the sequence of transactions observed by each node cannot be completely consistent. Therefore, the blockchain system needs to design a mechanism...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] However, the disadvantage of the current consensus mechanism POW is that: Bitcoin has attracted most of the computing power in the world, and it is difficult for other blockchain applications that use the POW consensus mechanism to obtain the same computing power to ensure their own security; waste of resources; the cycle of reaching a consensus is long, which is not suitable for commercial applications; due to the concentration of computing power, there is a risk of 50% attack to a certain extent

The advantage of this mechanism is that it is not as expensive as POW, but it also has many disadvantages: 1) There is no specialization, and participants with rights and interests may not want to participate in bookkeeping; 2) It is easy to generate forks and need to wait for multiple confirmations; 3 ) is never final and needs a checkpoint mechanism to compensate for finality

[0009] However, the disadvantages of the current consensus mechanism POS are: mining is still required, which essentially does not solve the pain points of commercial applications; due to the centralization of token holdings, it causes centralization to a certain extent

[0011] However, the disadvantage of the current consensus mechanism DPOS is that: the willingness of token holders to vote is not strong or the voting is centralized, resulting in a certain degree of centralization

[0018] However, the disadvantages of the current consensus mechanism PBFT are: low fault tolerance rate and poor flexibility. If more than 1 / 3 of the nodes do evil, the system will crash. Nodes cannot be dynamically added, and it is only applicable to alliance chain or private chain scenarios.

[0019] In summary, the existing blockchain consensus mechanism has problems such as low consensus efficiency, consumption and waste of computing resources, 50% attack risk, and application scenario limitations.

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