Comprehensive prevention and control method for leaf mites of under-forest polygonatum sibiricum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material production, in particular to a green prevention and control method for main leaf pests of tetranychus urticae and tetranychus crataegi in the under-forest ecological planting process of polygonatum sibiricum, and the method comprises the steps of S1, egg overwintering prevention and control, S2, non-host plant repelling, S3, biological agent killing, S4, agronomic measure blocking, and S5, late autumn tannin insect prevention and egg inhibition. Aiming at the technical problem of prevention and control of leaf mites of polygonatum sibiricum, from the perspective of sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine ecological agriculture, an ecological technology is used in comprehensive treatment of leaf pests of polygonatum sibiricum, a green prevention and control implementation path for tetranychus urticae and tetranychus crataegus is provided, pollution of agricultural chemicals can be reduced, and the environment-friendly prevention and control of leaf mites of polygonatum sibiricum is realized. Meanwhile, green forest ecological traditional Chinese medicine products are produced, the rhizome yield per unit area is increased by 9.26%, it is ensured that the first-grade product rate is higher than that of conventional cultivation by 13.58% or above, and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material production, and in particular to a green prevention and control method for main leaf pests Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus vicifolius in the process of ecological planting under forests. Background Art

[0002] Polygonatum cyrtonema is the original plant of the Chinese medicinal material Polygonatum cyrtonema included in the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Its medicinal rhizome has a sweet taste and has been used as a "positive essence" in history. It is a safe, effective, and palatable medicine and food substance, playing an important role in the fields of Chinese herbal medicine slices, prescriptions, finished medicine preparations, and functional foods. At the same time, due to its shade tolerance and perennial nature, Polygonatum cyrtonema in its natural state mostly grows in forest ecosystems, which can store grain in the ground, highlighting its huge development potential in terms of food security.

[0003] Relying on the rich biodiversity of the forest ecosystem and the stable forest-drug ecosystem, in general, artificial or natural communities of Polygonatum cyrtonema rarely suffer from destructive pests. However, during the vigorous growth season, the top and upper stems of Polygonatum cyrtonema gradually show a creeping climbing life form, and the tips of its whorled leaves are hooked, intertwined and overlapped, and the stem tips accumulate and intertwine into piles, creating conditions for spider mites to spin silk and gather leaves to create a particularly suitable microenvironment for reproduction and survival.

[0004] There are two main pests of the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema: two-spotted spider mite and hawthorn spider mite.

[0005] Two-spotted spider mites mainly gather in groups on the back of leaves, stems and tender shoots of Polygonatum sibiricum, and use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to pierce the tender tissues of Polygonatum sibiricum and suck the juice. Both juvenile, nymph and adult mites are capable of attacking. The symptoms of damage to Polygonatum sibiricum are: the back of the leaves are yellow-brown to reddish-brown, the front is gray, the leaves become hard, brittle and lose their green color, resulting in serious damage to the photosynthetic mechanism of the leaves and a sharp drop in the carbon assimilation capacity; when the insect population density is high, necrotic patches appear on the leaves, and they dry up and fall off; in more serious cases, the entire plant of Polygonatum sibiricum withers and dies.

[0006] Hawthorn spider mites mainly use their mouthparts to suck the mesophyll tissue, focusing on the leaves, tender shoots and calyx of Polygonatum cyrtonema. The initial symptoms of damage are pale spots on both sides of the main veins of the leaves. When the damage is serious, the leaves dry up and fall off, or even the leaves of the whole plant fall off, causing the leaves to sprout again and flowering deformities, consuming the biomass accumulation of Polygonatum cyrtonema, which will seriously weaken the healthy growth state of the plant and reduce the yield and quality of rhizomes. There are 7-9 generations a year in the southern remnants of Changbai Mountain and the Polygonatum cyrtonema production areas of Yanshan, and 10-16 generations a year in the production areas of Taishan, Taihang Mountain, Qinling Mountains, Funiushan Mountain and Wudang Mountain. Fertilized female mites overwinter in the narrow crevices of tree trunks and branches and in the gaps near the root neck. Hawthorn spider mites were first discovered in pome and stone fruit orchards, and Polygonatum cyrtonema is currently one of its hosts. Based on considerations of natural conditions and social factors, now and in the foreseeable future, the main environment for the ecological cultivation of Polygonatum sibiricum should be a variety of deciduous fruit trees such as apples, pears, peaches, cherries, apricots, plums, hawthorns and cherries, so the prevention and control of hawthorn leaf mites is very important.

[0007] Whether it is the second shift spider mite or the hawthorn spider mite, there are two fundamental reasons for their continuous rampant infestation: one is the short generation cycle and strong reproductive ability; the other is the variation of drug resistance and the stimulation of sublethal doses.

[0008] The high frequency of use of acaricide pesticides has caused spider mites to develop resistance to various chemical agents at a relatively fast rate; the use of large doses of chemical agents has caused a large number of natural enemies of spider mites to be killed, reducing the pest control efficiency of natural enemies to a negligible level. In recent years, domestic and foreign studies have shown that sublethal doses of some insecticides such as dicofol, deltamethrin, cyhalothrin and cypermethrin can stimulate the spread and reproduction of spider mite populations after treating spider mites, so sublethal effects are an important reason for the resurgence of some pests. At the same time, the variation of physiological and biochemical mechanisms in pests may be one of the important mechanisms that lead to pests' resistance to insecticides. There are 58 species of spider mites in the world that have developed resistance to chemical insecticides, and the common two-spotted spider mites and hawthorn spider mites have developed resistance to a variety of acaricide chemicals.

[0009] Based on the limitations of chemical control, pesticide residues in the rhizomes, sublethal effects and resistance shortcomings, in the ecological cultivation of Polygonatum cyrtonema, environmentally friendly, efficient, safe and sustainable green control technologies must be used for two-spotted spider mites and hawthorn spider mites. Reasonable agronomic measures, physical control, biological control, and non-host plant repellent control should be combined, and different technical means should be used in combination to ensure the high-quality development of the ecological cultivation of Polygonatum cyrtonema. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a comprehensive prevention and control method for Polygonatum cyrtonema leaf mite pests under the forest. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention provides a comprehensive control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pest, comprising the following steps S1, wintering control of insect eggs

[0011] S11. Whitewashing of tree trunks: In the forest-Polygonatum cyrtonema composite ecosystem, in late autumn from October to November, check the hidden places of insect eggs, such as cracks in the bark of tree trunks, carefully peel and scrape off the curled and cracked bark, apply 3% to 5% quaternary ammonium copper (ACQ) or copper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) solution, and then spray a compound mite remover. The functional ingredients of the compound mite remover are methyl eugenol and tannic acid, and the volume ratio v / v is 7%:13%; then spray a whitening agent.

[0012] S12. Film-forming agent coverage: Spray 200 times diluted carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol once in mid-December and mid-March to form a sealing film on the outside of the whitewash to enhance the fumigation effect in killing mites and eggs, while preventing the whitewash from being washed away and falling off due to external mechanical forces.

[0013] S13, antibacterial and insect repellent

[0014] S131, Biological control during the growing season

[0015] In April, when Polygonatum cyrtonema is in leaf expansion stage, spray Beauveria bassiana suspension on a sunny evening. The preparation process of the Beauveria bassiana suspension is as follows: 100 g of Beauveria bassiana wettable powder with 20 billion spores / g and 100 g of Metarhizium anisopliae wettable powder with 10 billion spores / g are taken, dissolved in 54 L of water containing 0.1% Tween-80 (polysorbate 80) by volume to prepare Beauveria bassiana suspension, and the suspension is sprayed on a 1-mu Polygonatum cyrtonema planting plot under the forest using a plant protection drone;

[0016] In May and June, the vigorous growth season of Polygonatum cyrtonema, 150g of Beauveria bassiana wettable powder with 20 billion spores / g and 120g of Metarhizium anisopliae wettable powder with 10 billion spores / g were sprayed per mu. The above two types of spores were dissolved in 54L aqueous solution containing 0.1% Tween-80 by volume.

[0017] S132, dormant biological control

[0018] In autumn, when the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema turn yellow and the nutrients in the above-ground parts accumulate unidirectionally to the rhizomes, use a lawn mower to cut off the above-ground parts, combine them with the dead branches and leaves nurtured in the forest stand, crush them together, and evenly spread them on the forest land. Apply 500g of Beauveria bassiana granules with 20 billion spores / g per mu, use 400g of trehalose as a protective agent, and 5kg of attapulgite soil treated with high temperature as a carrier, evenly spread them on the forest land, then level them with a flat palladium hoe, and spray 10kg of 10% humic acid to promote spore germination.

[0019] S2. Non-host plant repellent

[0020] In the forest-Polygonatum cyrtonema ecosystem, different sections of the forest edge are arranged with more than 3 rows of Patchouli, Elsholtzia woody, lemon mint, and peppermint. In June, July, and August, hedge trimmers are used to top the trees twice a month to release volatile essential oils, which inhibit the settlement and reproduction of the second shift spider mite and the hawthorn spider mite.

[0021] During forest thinning, every 5000m 2 , open three 100m 2 In the forest windows, plant Artemisia japonica and mugwort, once in May and September, and twice a month in June, July and August. Use hedge trimmers to top the trees regularly to release volatile essential oils, which inhibit the settlement and reproduction of the second shift spider mites and the hawthorn spider mites.

[0022] S3. Killing with biological agents

[0023] S31. In April, Polygonatum cyrtonema entered the leaf expansion period. Take 4 kg of dried Machete, crush it, pass it through a 60-mesh sieve, soak it in hydrochloric acid and methanol (5% hydrochloric acid: methanol = 50:50), ultrasonically extract it for 38 minutes, evaporate the solvent, and obtain 5-12 g of extract with sanguinarine as the active ingredient; add 30 kg of water to make an insect repellent, and use it for 1000 m 2 Control of two types of spider mites in the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema plot.

[0024] S32. In May, the season when Polygonatum cyrtonema grows vigorously, 6 kg each of dried mugwort leaves and Artemisia japonica are harvested from the woodland, crushed, soaked in distilled water for 12 h, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:11, boiled in boiling water for 4 h, and condensed to collect the essential oil; the essential oil is dissolved in 15 L of water, 5% v / v Tween-80 is added to make a suspension, which is used for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema on 1 mu of land.

[0025] S33. In June, the two types of spider mites entered their peak outbreak period. Scopoletin was loaded on a nanocarrier modified with tannic acid-modified MXene. It was first dissolved in 10 times the volume of a 5% acetone solution, then diluted 800 times with a 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, and sprayed on the leaves once. Two weeks later, artemisinin was loaded on a nanocarrier modified with tannic acid-modified MXene. It was first dissolved in 25 times the volume of a 5% acetone solution, then diluted 1500 times with a 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, and Tween-80 (polysorbate 80) was sprayed on the leaves once.

[0026] S34. July is the critical period for the prevention and control of spider mites. Crush 0.5 kg of dried Veratrum root, pass through a 40-mesh sieve, place the powder in an extraction container, add 6 times the amount of 95% industrial methanol, reflux extraction for 1 hour, filter, and repeat the above steps twice with the residue; concentrate the filtrate after three filtrations to obtain 100 ml of Veratrum total extract, dissolve it in a mixed solvent of 400 ml ethanol and 160 ml dimethylformamide, add 105 ml of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and finally slowly drip in 35 ml of clove essential oil; dilute 50 times with water, and use it for the prevention and control of spider mites in 1 mu of Polygonatum cyrtonema, and spray it on the leaves once.

[0027] Two weeks later, 1kg of dried root of Sophora flavescens was crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the powder was placed in an extraction container. Six times the amount of 95% industrial methanol was added, and refluxed for 1 hour. The residue was filtered and the above steps were repeated twice. The filtrate after three filtrations was concentrated to obtain 200ml of total extract of Veratrum foetida extract, which was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 400ml ethanol and 160ml dimethylformamide, 105ml of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was added, and finally 35ml of clove essential oil was slowly dripped in. Diluted 50 times with water and sprayed on the leaves once.

[0028] S35. In August, the roots of Phytolacca rhizome were washed, cut into slices, dried in an oven at 40°C, crushed with a small grinder, passed through an 80-mesh sieve, 1000 g of dried powder of the roots of Phytolacca rhizome were weighed, extracted with acetone at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6 for 48 h at room temperature, the filter residue was soaked for another 48 h, the extraction was repeated 4 times, the extracts were combined, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a thick paste. The acetone extract of the roots of Phytolacca rhizome was then ultrasonically extracted with n-butanol. After ultrasonic extraction for 12 min at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12, the extract was filtered, and the residue was extracted with an equal amount of extract for 15 min. This was repeated 3 times, the extracts were combined, and each extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to a paste.

[0029] Add 40L water and 150ml Tween-80, and stir thoroughly; take 3000g of torch tree powder, add 15L of 70% ethanol, seal, and ultrasonically treat for 40min, rotary evaporate until nearly dry, collect the concentrated paste and mix it with the concentrated paste of Phytolacca americana, use a high-speed shearing machine to disperse and shear at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min, filter, and use it for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema under 1 mu of forest.

[0030] S4. Agronomic measures to prevent

[0031] S5, late autumn tannins to prevent insects and eggs

[0032] S51. In September, when the temperature is above 25℃, the two spider mites are still active, so spray emamectin benzoate and stellera chamaejasme insecticide suspension;

[0033] Emamectin benzoate (EMB or emamectin benzoate for short) and petroleum ether extract of Stellera chamaejasme.

[0034] S52. From September to October, when the temperature is below 25℃, the two types of spider mites seek shelter and prepare to hibernate. Take 800g of Toosendan fruit, grind it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve. Use ultrasonic-assisted extraction of toosendanin with a methanol concentration of 75%, extraction time of 18min, solid-liquid ratio of 1g:25mL, ultrasonic power of 300W, and temperature of 60℃. The extract is concentrated by rotary evaporator to 500ml of concentrated paste, add 40L of water and 80ml of Tween-80, and stir it thoroughly with an electromagnetic stirrer to obtain a crude toosendanin extract.

[0035] Take 300g of Terminalia chebula powder, add 3L of 70% ethanol, seal, ultrasonicate for 40min, rotary evaporate until nearly dry, collect the solution dissolved in toosendanin crude extract, use a high-speed shearing machine to disperse and shear at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min, filter, and use it for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema under 1 mu of forest, and spray the base of the tree trunks of the forest carefully twice.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the preparation method of the composite mite remover is as follows: polyvinyl alcohol, calcined modified shell powder and water are prepared in proportions of 5%, 10% and 60%, firstly, the water is heated to 80°C in a pot, and then 5% of the total volume of polyvinyl alcohol is added, followed by slowly adding 10% of the total volume of modified shell powder, stirring as it is added until the water boils, and then simmering over low heat for 20 to 30 minutes, and when the temperature drops to 40°C, 7% of methyl eugenol and 13% of tannic acid are added, and finally 5% of dispersible latex powder is added.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the preparation method of the whitening agent is as follows: mix and stir white latex: water: mite-killing composite nanoparticles: modified polyacrylamide in a volume ratio of 50:48:1.8:0.2 to obtain a whitening agent, wherein the mite-killing composite nanoparticles are composed of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles and tannic acid cross-linked complex condensed nanoparticles.

[0038] When spraying, use an embracing trunk sprayer to spray the liquid. The spraying height should be below 1.5m and the base of the trunk should be below 30cm. Spray twice.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the method for preparing methyl eugenol is as follows: in August, when Asarum is growing vigorously, the aerial parts of Asarum are cut, fixed at 80°C for 15 minutes, dried at 40°C for 24 hours, crushed through a 60-mesh sieve, soaked in water with a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:12 for 24 hours, steam distilled 3 times, and the distilled components were collected; the distilled components were combined and extracted 3 times with 1 / 3 volume of petroleum ether, and the ether was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain methyl eugenol.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the preparation method of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles is as follows: add methyl eugenol ethanol solution (3%, w / v) dropwise to sodium caseinate solution at a core-wall ratio of 1:2, magnetically stir for 30 minutes, and then add gum arabic solution (sodium caseinate / gum arabic, 1:2, w / w) dropwise to maintain the total polymer concentration at 3 mg / mL; after stirring for 30 minutes, adjust the pH of the mixture solution to 4.2 using gluconolactone solution (10%, w / v), and magnetically stir for 1 hour to promote the formation of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the tannic acid preparation method is as follows: purchase high-quality full-bellied gallnuts, crack the shells, remove the insect corpses, grind the shells into powder, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, dissolve the powder in a 50% ethanol solution, add 4 mol / L hydrochloric acid with a volume fraction of 28 to 33%, maintain a liquid-solid ratio of 32:1 (mL:g), use an ultrasonic cleaning machine set at a temperature of 60°C to extract for 10 minutes, filter, and concentrate by rotary evaporation to obtain tannic acid.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the preparation method of tannic acid cross-linked composite condensed nanoparticles is as follows: weigh tannic acid to prepare a tannic acid solution with a mass concentration of 10%, add the prepared tannic acid solution to the nanoparticle sample solution after removing ethanol, and obtain a sample solution containing a tannic acid concentration of 0.10%, readjust the pH of the system to 4.2, and complete the cross-linking reaction by magnetic stirring at room temperature for 3 hours to obtain tannic acid cross-linked composite condensed nanoparticles.

[0043] In one possible implementation, step S4 is specifically as follows: S41. A small narrow bed with a width of 50 cm and a height of 15 cm is prepared with a distance of 50 cm between beds. Polygonatum cyrtonema is planted in two rows in the shape of a finished product in the middle of the bed. The row spacing within the bed is 25 cm, presenting an overall wide and narrow row pattern, forming a spatial isolation of wide rows between beds, blocking the silk web-spinning and web-weaving transmission of the two types of spider mites and facilitating mechanical operation of small machines.

[0044] S42. Apply humic acid, iron, manganese and potassium elements to control the tendency of the tips of Polygonatum cyrtonema to spread under shade conditions due to excessive growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema.

[0045] S43. Topping to control growth: When the growth is higher than 100 cm at the 9th to 11th nodes, cut off the tips to reduce the number of whorled leaves and the number of leaf tips that are connected at the trailing parts. If necessary, spray low-concentration dwarfing agent to control the excessive growth of the above-ground parts and eliminate the conditions for spider mites to spin silk and weave webs.

[0046] S44. Prune the upper trees, remove overcrowded branches and inner branches, and combine with light-through felling to control the forest stand density below 0.75, reduce excessive growth, and create an environment that is not conducive to the aggregation and web-building of spider mites.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the preparation method of the emamectin benzoate·wolfschame insecticidal suspension is as follows: 800g of styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 2400g of phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether are mixed, dissolved in ethyl acetate, added with Stellera chamaejasme extract, added with 13g of emamectin benzoate original drug with a content of 80%, and dispersed and sheared at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min using a high-speed shearing machine, and then the mixed material is transferred into a sand mill, zirconium oxide beads are added at a volume ratio of 1:1, and sand milled at a speed of 1000r / min for 3h, and water is added to 40kg, and filtered to obtain the emamectin benzoate·wolfschame insecticidal suspension.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the preparation method of the Stellera chamaejasme extract is as follows: place the roots of Stellera chamaejasme in a ventilated and shady place to air-dry, then crush them with an electric grinder, pass them through a 60-mesh sieve, accurately weigh 900 g of root powder, wrap it with filter paper, and place it in a Soxhlet extractor, use 3.6 times the volume of petroleum ether, extract continuously at 80°C for 10 hours, and then concentrate the resulting solution to an extract to obtain the Stellera chamaejasme extract.

[0049] Beneficial effects: 1. Aiming at the technical problems of control of spider mites of Polygonatum cyrtonema, the present invention uses ecological technology in the integrated management of leaf pests of Polygonatum cyrtonema from the perspective of sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine ecological agriculture, and provides a green control path for two-spotted spider mites and hawthorn spider mites, which can not only reduce the pollution of agricultural chemicals, but also produce green forest ecological Chinese medicinal materials products, increase the root and rhizome yield per unit area by 9.26%, ensure that the first-class rate is more than 13.58% higher than conventional cultivation, and improve economic benefits.

[0050] Second, the prevention and control of Polygonatum sibiricum spider mites effectively protected the leaf tissue and ensured that its photosynthesis capacity remained at a high level; secondly, other diseases were reduced. The damage caused by spider mites weakened the growth of Polygonatum sibiricum and reduced its ability to resist biological stress; when spider mites harm plants, leaf diseases such as leaf blight and anthracnose that were cross-infected by the forest canopy were more severe; in addition, the rhizome biomass increased and the ratio of first-class medicinal materials increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 This is the early stage of the damage caused by the Polygonatum cyrtonema leaf mite, and the interveinal spaces between the leaves become green.

[0052] Figure 2 This is the middle stage of the damage caused by the Polygonatum cyrtonema leaf mite pest, which forms webs and entangles between leaves and plants.

[0053] Figure 3 This is the late stage of damage by Polygonatum cyrtonema leaf mites. The affected leaves become mottled and yellow, and the leaves wilt and droop.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planting intervals of Polygonatum cyrtonema. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described below, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0056] A comprehensive control method for understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pests comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1. Prevention and control of insect eggs overwintering

[0058] S11. Whitewashing of tree trunks: In the forest-Polygonatum cyrtonema composite ecosystem, in late autumn from October to November, check the hidden places of insect eggs, such as cracks in the bark of tree trunks, carefully peel and scrape off the curled and cracked bark, apply 3% to 5% quaternary ammonium copper (ACQ) or copper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) solution, and then spray a compound mite remover. The functional ingredients of the compound mite remover are methyl eugenol and tannic acid, and the volume ratio v / v is 7%:13%; then spray a whitening agent.

[0059] The preparation method of the composite mite remover is as follows: polyvinyl alcohol, calcined modified shell powder and water are prepared in proportions of 5%, 10% and 60%, firstly, water is heated to 80°C in a pot, and then 5% of polyvinyl alcohol is added, followed by slowly adding 10% of modified shell powder, stirring as the mixture is added until the mixture boils, and then simmering over low heat for 20 to 30 minutes, adding 7% of methyl eugenol and 13% of tannic acid when the temperature drops to 40°C, and finally adding 5% of dispersible latex powder.

[0060] The preparation method of the whitening agent is as follows: white latex: water: acaricide composite nanoparticles: modified polyacrylamide in a volume ratio of 50:48:1.8:0.2 are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain the whitening agent, wherein the acaricide composite nanoparticles are composed of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles and tannic acid cross-linked complex condensed nanoparticles.

[0061] When spraying, use an embracing trunk sprayer to spray the liquid. The spraying height should be below 1.5m and the base of the trunk should be below 30cm. Spray twice.

[0062] The preparation method of methyl eugenol is as follows: in August, when Asarum sibiricum is in vigorous growth season, the aerial parts of Asarum sibiricum are cut, fixed at 80°C for 15 minutes, dried at 40°C for 24 hours, crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve, soaked in water with a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:12 for 24 hours, steam distilled for 3 times, and distilled components were collected; after the distilled components were combined, 1 / 3 volume of petroleum ether was added for extraction for 3 times, and the ether was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain methyl eugenol.

[0063] The preparation method of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles is as follows: according to the core-wall ratio of 1:2, methyl eugenol ethanol solution (3%, w / v) is added dropwise to the sodium caseinate solution, magnetically stirred for 30 minutes, and then gum arabic solution (sodium caseinate / gum arabic, 1:2, w / w) is added dropwise to maintain the total polymer concentration at 3 mg / mL; after stirring for 30 minutes, the pH of the mixture solution is adjusted to 4.2 using gluconolactone solution (10%, w / v), and magnetically stirred for 1 hour to promote the formation of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles.

[0064] The preparation method of tannic acid is as follows: purchasing high-quality gallnuts, breaking the shells, removing the insect corpses, grinding the shells into powder, passing through a 60-mesh sieve, dissolving the powder in a 50% ethanol solution, adding 4 mol / L hydrochloric acid with a volume fraction of 28-33%, maintaining a liquid-solid ratio of 32:1 (mL:g), using an ultrasonic cleaning machine set at a temperature of 60°C for leaching for 10 minutes, filtering, and concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain tannic acid.

[0065] The preparation method of tannic acid cross-linked composite condensed nanoparticles is as follows: weigh tannic acid to prepare a tannic acid solution with a mass concentration of 10%, add the prepared tannic acid solution to the nanoparticle sample solution after removing ethanol, and obtain a sample solution containing a tannic acid concentration of 0.10%, readjust the pH of the system to 4.2, and complete the cross-linking reaction by magnetic stirring at room temperature for 3 hours to obtain tannic acid cross-linked composite condensed nanoparticles.

[0066] S12. Film-forming agent coverage: Spray 200 times diluted carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol once in mid-December and mid-March to form a sealing film on the outside of the whitewash to enhance the fumigation effect in killing mites and eggs, while preventing the whitewash from being washed away and falling off due to external mechanical forces.

[0067] S13, antibacterial and insect repellent

[0068] S131, Biological control during the growing season

[0069] In April, when Polygonatum cyrtonema is in leaf expansion stage, spray Beauveria bassiana suspension on a sunny evening. The preparation process of the Beauveria bassiana suspension is as follows: 100 g of Beauveria bassiana wettable powder with 20 billion spores / g and 100 g of Metarhizium anisopliae wettable powder with 10 billion spores / g are taken, dissolved in 54 L of water containing 0.1% Tween-80 (polysorbate 80) by volume to prepare Beauveria bassiana suspension, and the suspension is sprayed on a 1-mu Polygonatum cyrtonema planting plot under the forest using a plant protection drone;

[0070] In May and June, the vigorous growth season of Polygonatum cyrtonema, spray 150g of Beauveria bassiana wettable powder with 20 billion spores / g and 120g of Metarhizium anisopliae wettable powder with 10 billion spores / g per mu.

[0071] S132, dormant biological control

[0072] In autumn, when the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema turn yellow and the nutrients in the above-ground parts accumulate unidirectionally to the rhizomes, use a lawn mower to cut off the above-ground parts, combine them with the dead branches and leaves nurtured in the forest stand, crush them together, and evenly spread them on the forest land. Apply 500g of Beauveria bassiana granules with 20 billion spores / g per mu, use 400g of trehalose as a protective agent, and 5kg of attapulgite soil treated with high temperature as a carrier, evenly spread them on the forest land, then level them with a flat palladium hoe, and spray 10kg of 10% humic acid to promote spore germination.

[0073] S2. Non-host plant repellent

[0074] In the forest-Polygonatum cyrtonema ecosystem, different sections of the forest edge are arranged with more than 3 rows of Patchouli, Elsholtzia woody, lemon mint, and peppermint. In June, July, and August, hedge trimmers are used to top the trees twice a month to release volatile essential oils, which inhibit the settlement and reproduction of the second shift spider mite and the hawthorn spider mite.

[0075] During forest thinning, every 5000m 2 , open three 100m 2 In the forest windows, plant Artemisia japonica and mugwort, once in May and September, and twice a month in June, July and August. Use hedge trimmers to top the trees regularly to release volatile essential oils, which inhibit the settlement and reproduction of the second shift spider mites and the hawthorn spider mites.

[0076] S3. Killing with biological agents

[0077] S31. In April, Polygonatum cyrtonema entered the leaf expansion period. Take 4 kg of dried Machete, crush it, pass it through a 60-mesh sieve, soak it in hydrochloric acid and methanol (5% hydrochloric acid: methanol = 50:50), ultrasonically extract it for 38 minutes, evaporate the solvent, and obtain 5-12 g of extract with sanguinarine as the active ingredient; add 30 kg of water to make an insect repellent, and use it for 1000 m 2 Control of two types of spider mites in the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema plot.

[0078] S32. In May, the season when Polygonatum cyrtonema grows vigorously, 6 kg each of dried mugwort leaves and Artemisia japonica are harvested from the woodland, crushed, soaked in distilled water for 12 h, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:11, boiled in boiling water for 4 h, and condensed to collect the essential oil; the essential oil is dissolved in 15 L of water, 5% v / v Tween-80 is added to make a suspension, which is used for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema on 1 mu of land.

[0079] S33. In June, the two types of spider mites entered their peak outbreak period. Scopoletin was loaded on a nanocarrier modified with tannic acid-modified MXene. It was first dissolved in 10 times the volume of a 5% acetone solution, then diluted 800 times with a 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution by volume, and sprayed on the leaves once. Two weeks later, artemisinin was loaded on a nanocarrier modified with tannic acid-modified MXene. It was first dissolved in 25 times the volume of a 5% acetone solution, then diluted 1500 times with a 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, and Tween-80 (polysorbate 80) was sprayed on the leaves once.

[0080] S34. July is the critical period for the prevention and control of spider mites. Crush 0.5 kg of dried Veratrum root, pass through a 40-mesh sieve, place the powder in an extraction container, add 6 times the amount of 95% industrial methanol, reflux extraction for 1 hour, filter, and repeat the above steps twice with the residue; concentrate the filtrate after three filtrations to obtain 100 ml of Veratrum total extract, dissolve it in a mixed solvent of 400 ml ethanol and 160 ml dimethylformamide, add 105 ml of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, and finally slowly drip in 35 ml of clove essential oil; dilute 50 times with water, and use it for the prevention and control of spider mites in 1 mu of Polygonatum cyrtonema, and spray it on the leaves once.

[0081] Two weeks later, 1kg of dried root of Sophora flavescens was crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the powder was placed in an extraction container. Six times the amount of 95% industrial methanol was added, and refluxed for 1 hour. The residue was filtered and the above steps were repeated twice. The filtrate after three filtrations was concentrated to obtain 200ml of total extract of Veratrum foetida extract, which was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 400ml ethanol and 160ml dimethylformamide, 105ml of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was added, and finally 35ml of clove essential oil was slowly dripped in. Diluted 50 times with water and sprayed on the leaves once.

[0082] S35. In August, the roots of Phytolacca rhizome were washed, cut into slices, dried in an oven at 40°C, crushed with a small grinder, passed through an 80-mesh sieve, 1000 g of dried powder of the roots of Phytolacca rhizome were weighed, extracted with acetone at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6 for 48 h at room temperature, the filter residue was soaked for another 48 h, the extraction was repeated 4 times, the extracts were combined, and concentrated under reduced pressure to a thick paste. The acetone extract of the roots of Phytolacca rhizome was then ultrasonically extracted with n-butanol. After ultrasonic extraction for 12 min at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12, the extract was filtered, and the residue was extracted with an equal amount of extract for 15 min. This was repeated 3 times, the extracts were combined, and each extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to a paste.

[0083] Add 40L water and 150ml Tween-80, stir thoroughly; take 3000g of Torchwood powder, add 15L of 70% ethanol, seal, ultrasonicate for 40min, rotary evaporate until nearly dry, collect the concentrated paste and mix it with Phytolacca americana concentrated paste, use a high-speed shearing machine at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min of dispersion and shearing, filter, and use it for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema under the forest of 1 mu

[0084] S4. Agronomic measures to prevent

[0085] S41, small high narrow beds of 50cm wide and 15cm high, with a distance of 50cm between beds. Polygonatum cyrtonema is planted in two rows in the shape of a finished product in the middle of the bed. The row spacing in the bed is 25cm, presenting an overall wide and narrow row, forming a spatial isolation of wide rows between beds, blocking the spread of the two types of spider mites by spinning silk webs, and at the same time facilitating the mechanical operation of small machines.

[0086] S42. Apply humic acid, iron, manganese and potassium elements to control the tendency of the tips of Polygonatum cyrtonema to spread under shade conditions due to excessive growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema.

[0087] S43. Topping to control growth: When the growth is higher than 100 cm at the 9th to 11th nodes, cut off the tips to reduce the number of whorled leaves and the number of leaf tips that are connected at the trailing parts. If necessary, spray low-concentration dwarfing agent to control the excessive growth of the above-ground parts and eliminate the conditions for spider mites to spin silk and weave webs.

[0088] S44. Prune the upper trees, remove overcrowded branches and inner branches, and combine with light-through felling to control the forest stand density below 0.75, reduce excessive growth, and create an environment that is not conducive to the aggregation and web-building of spider mites.

[0089] S5, late autumn tannins to prevent insects and eggs

[0090] S51. In September, when the temperature is above 25℃, the two types of spider mites are still active, so spray the insecticidal suspension of emamectin benzoate and wolfsbane.

[0091] The preparation method of the emamectin benzoate·wolfschame insecticidal suspension is as follows: 800g of styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 2400g of phenylethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether are mixed, dissolved in ethyl acetate, added with Stellera chamaejasme extract, added with 13g of emamectin benzoate original drug with a content of 80%, dispersed and sheared for 20min at a speed of 2000r / min using a high-speed shearing machine, and then the mixed material is transferred into a sand mill, zirconium oxide beads are added at a volume ratio of 1:1, sand milled at a speed of 1000r / min for 3h, water is added to 40kg, and filtered to obtain the emamectin benzoate·wolfschame insecticidal suspension.

[0092] The preparation method of the Daphne chamaejasme extract is as follows: place the roots of Daphne chamaejasme in a ventilated and shady place to air-dry, then crush them with an electric grinder, pass them through a 60-mesh sieve, accurately weigh 900g of root powder, wrap them with filter paper, and place them in a Soxhlet extractor, use 3.6 times the volume of petroleum ether, extract continuously at 80°C for 10 hours, and then concentrate the obtained solution to an extract to obtain the Daphne chamaejasme extract.

[0093] S52. From September to October, when the temperature is below 25℃, the two types of spider mites seek shelter and prepare to hibernate. Take 800g of Toosendan fruit, grind it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve. Use ultrasonic-assisted extraction of toosendanin with a methanol concentration of 75%, extraction time of 18min, solid-liquid ratio of 1g:25mL, ultrasonic power of 300W, and temperature of 60℃. The extract is concentrated by rotary evaporator to 500ml of concentrated paste, add 40L of water and 80ml of Tween-80, and stir it thoroughly with an electromagnetic stirrer to obtain a crude toosendanin extract.

[0094] Take 300g of Terminalia chebula powder, add 3L of 70% ethanol, seal, ultrasonicate for 40min, rotary evaporate until nearly dry, collect the solution dissolved in toosendanin crude extract, use a high-speed shearing machine to disperse and shear at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min, filter, and use it for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema under 1 mu of forest, and spray the base of the tree trunks of the forest carefully twice.

[0095] In a comparative test, the present invention detected the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis performance index of Polygonatum cyrtonema in the vigorous growth season. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema plants that had undergone ecological prevention and control was an average of 2.02 mg / g chlorophyll a and 0.67 mg / g chlorophyll b, while the chlorophyll content of the Polygonatum cyrtonema plants in the downwind control area 100 m away was significantly reduced: the average chlorophyll a content was 1.63 mg / g, and the chlorophyll b content was 0.58 mg / g.

[0096] Disease classification of Polygonatum cyrtonema leaves

[0097] Observe the disease status of each leaf, record the total number of leaves and the number of diseased leaves at each level of each investigated plant, and classify the disease - disease spot area ratio = disease spot area / leaf surface area

[0098] Level 0: no lesions on the leaves; Level 1: lesion area ratio <5%; Level 2: lesion area ratio 5% to 10%; Level 3: lesion area ratio 10% to 20%; Level 4: lesion area ratio 20% to 50%; Level 5: lesion area ratio ≥50%. The results showed that the disease index of the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema in the control area was 2.63, while the disease index of the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema in the control area was as high as 13.79.

[0099] The average rhizome weight of plants in the four-year control area was 137.30g per plant, and the diameter of the thick end of the rhizome was 1.92cm, which was significantly higher than the average rhizome weight of plants in the four-year control area, which was 125.66g per plant, and the diameter of the thick end of the rhizome was 1.71cm. If there were 6,000 Polygonatum sibiricum plants per mu under the forest, the yield per mu in the control area would be 823.80kg, and the yield per mu in the control area would be 753.98kg, and the rhizome biomass would increase.

[0100] According to the "Commodity Specifications and Grades of Chinese Medicinal Materials - Polygonatum" (T / CACM 1021.34-2018), 63.72% of the Polygonatum sibiricum materials in the prevention and control areas are first-class products, with the number of materials per kilogram being less than 75; while in the control area, the ratio of first-class Polygonatum sibiricum materials is only 23.94%, and due to diseases, 8.13% of the rhizomes have polysaccharide contents below 7%, and the ratio of first-class materials has increased.

[0101] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive control method for the pest of Polygonatum cyrtonema under forests, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Prevention and control of insect eggs overwintering; S11. Whitewashing of tree trunks: In the forest-Polygonatum cyrtonema composite ecosystem, in late autumn (October to November), check the hidden places of insect eggs, carefully peel and scrape off the warped and cracked bark of the tree trunks, apply 3% to 5% quaternary ammonium copper (ACQ) or copper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O) solution, and then spray a composite mite remover, the functional components of which are methyl eugenol and tannic acid, with a volume ratio of v / v=7%:13%; then spray a whitewashing agent; S12, film-forming agent covering: spray 200 times diluted carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol once in mid-December and mid-March to form a sealing film on the outside of the whitening agent; S13, antibacterial and insect repellent S131, Biological control during the growing season In April, when Polygonatum cyrtonema is in leaf expansion stage, spray Beauveria bassiana suspension on a sunny evening. The preparation process of the Beauveria bassiana suspension is as follows: 100g of Beauveria bassiana wettable powder with 20 billion spores / g and 100g of Metarhizium anisopliae wettable powder with 10 billion spores / g are taken, dissolved in 54L of water containing 0.1% Tween-80 by volume to prepare Beauveria bassiana suspension, and the suspension is sprayed on a 1-mu Polygonatum cyrtonema planting plot under the forest using a plant protection drone; In May and June, when Polygonatum cyrtonema grows vigorously, spray 150g of Beauveria bassiana wettable powder with 20 billion spores / g and 120g of Metarhizium anisopliae wettable powder with 10 billion spores / g per mu; S132, dormant biological control In autumn, when the leaves of Polygonatum cyrtonema turn yellow and the nutrients in the aboveground part accumulate unidirectionally to the rhizome, cut the aboveground part with a mower, combine it with the dead branches and leaves raised by the forest stand, crush them together, and evenly spread them on the forest land. Apply 500g of Beauveria bassiana granules with 20 billion spores / g per mu, use 400g of trehalose as a protective agent, and use 5kg of high-temperature treated attapulgite as a carrier, evenly spread it on the forest land, then use a flat palladium hoe to level it, and spray 10kg of 10% humic acid to promote spore germination; S2. Non-host plant repellent S3. Killing with biological agents S31. In April, Polygonatum cyrtonema entered the leaf expansion period. Take 4 kg of dried Machetiana chinensis, crush it, pass it through a 60-mesh sieve, soak it in hydrochloric acid and methanol, perform ultrasonic extraction for 38 minutes, evaporate the solvent, and obtain 5-12 g of extract with sanguinarine as the active ingredient; add 30 kg of water to make an insect repellent solution, and use it for 1000 m 2 Control of two types of spider mites in the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema plot; S32. In May, when Polygonatum cyrtonema is in its prime growth season, 6 kg of dried Artemisia argyi and Artemisia japonica were harvested from the forest, crushed, soaked in distilled water for 12 h, with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:11, and distilled in boiling water for 4 h, and the essential oil was collected by condensation; the essential oil was dissolved in 15 L of water, 5% v / v Tween-80 was added to make a suspension, and used for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema on 1 mu of land; S33. In June, when the two spider mites are in full bloom, scopoletin was loaded on MXene nanocarriers modified with tannic acid. It was first dissolved in 5% acetone solution, then diluted 800 times with a 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution by volume, and sprayed on the leaves once. Two weeks later, scopoletin was loaded on MXene nanocarriers modified with tannic acid. It was first dissolved in 5% acetone solution, then diluted 1500 times with a 1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, and Tween-80 was sprayed on the leaves once. S34. July is the critical period for the prevention and control of spider mites. 0.5 kg of dried Veratrum root was crushed and passed through a 40-mesh sieve. The powder was placed in an extraction container, and 6 times the amount of 95% industrial methanol was added. Reflux extraction was performed for 1 hour, and the residue was filtered. The above steps were repeated twice. The filtrate after three filtrations was concentrated to obtain 100 ml of Veratrum extract total extract, which was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 400 ml of ethanol and 160 ml of dimethylformamide, and 105 ml of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was added. Finally, 35 ml of clove essential oil was slowly dripped in. The mixture was diluted 50 times with water and used for the prevention and control of spider mites in 1 mu of Polygonatum cyrtonema, and the leaves were sprayed once. Two weeks later, 1kg of dried root of Sophora flavescens was crushed, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the powder was placed in an extraction container. Six times the amount of 95% industrial methanol was added, and refluxed for extraction for 1 hour. The residue was filtered and the above steps were repeated twice. The filtrate after three filtrations was concentrated to obtain 200ml of total extract of Veratrum extract, which was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 400ml ethanol and 160ml dimethylformamide, and 105ml of oleyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether was added. Finally, 35ml of clove essential oil was slowly dripped in. Diluted 50 times with water and sprayed on the leaves once; S35. In August, the roots of Phytolacca rhizome were washed and cut into slices, dried in an oven at 40°C, crushed with a small grinder, and passed through an 80-mesh sieve. 1000 g of the dried powder of Phytolacca rhizome was weighed and extracted with acetone at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6 for 48 h at room temperature. The residue was soaked for another 48 h, and the extraction was repeated 4 times. The extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to a thick paste. The acetone extract of Phytolacca rhizome was then ultrasonically extracted with n-butanol. After ultrasonic extraction for 12 min at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12, the extract was filtered, and the residue was extracted with an equal amount of extract for 15 min. This was repeated 3 times. The extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to a paste. Add 40L water and 150ml Tween-80, stir thoroughly; take 3000g of Torchwood powder, add 15L of 70% ethanol, seal, ultrasonicate for 40min, rotary evaporate until nearly dry, collect concentrated paste and mix with Phytolacca americana concentrated paste, use a high-speed shearing machine at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min of dispersion and shearing, filter, and use it for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema under the forest of 1 mu; S4. Agronomic measures to prevent S5, late autumn tannins to prevent insects and eggs S51. In September, when the temperature is above 25℃, the two spider mites are still active, so spray emamectin benzoate and stellera chamaejasme insecticide suspension; S52. From September to October, when the temperature is below 25°C, the two spider mites seek shelter and prepare to hibernate. Take 800g of Toosendan fruit, crush it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve. Use ultrasonic assisted extraction of Toosendanin, with a methanol concentration of 75%, an extraction time of 18min, a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:25mL, an ultrasonic power of 300W, and a temperature of 60°C. The extract is concentrated by a rotary evaporator to 500ml of concentrated paste, and 40L of water and 80ml of Tween-80 are added. The extract is fully stirred with an electromagnetic stirrer to obtain a crude Toosendanin extract. Take 300g of Terminalia chebula powder, add 3L of 70% ethanol, seal, ultrasonicate for 40min, rotary evaporate until nearly dry, collect the solution dissolved in toosendanin crude extract, use a high-speed shearing machine to disperse and shear at a speed of 2000r / min for 20min, filter, and use it for spraying Polygonatum cyrtonema under 1 mu of forest, and spray the base of the tree trunks of the forest carefully twice.

2. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema pest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: In the forest-Polygonatum cyrtonema ecosystem, different sections of the forest edge are arranged with more than 3 rows of Patchouli, Elsholtzia woody, lemon mint, and peppermint. In June, July, and August, hedge trimmers are used to top the trees twice a month to release volatile essential oils, which inhibit the settlement and reproduction of the second shift spider mite and the hawthorn spider mite. During forest thinning, every 5000m 2 , open three 100m 2 In the forest windows, plant Artemisia japonica and mugwort, once in May and September, and twice a month in June, July and August. Use hedge trimmers to top the trees regularly to release volatile essential oils, which inhibit the settlement and reproduction of the second shift spider mites and the hawthorn spider mites.

3. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema pest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite mite remover is as follows: polyvinyl alcohol, calcined modified shell powder and water are prepared in proportions of 5%, 10% and 60%, firstly, water is heated to 80°C in a pot, and then 5% of polyvinyl alcohol is added, followed by slowly adding 10% of modified shell powder, stirring as it is added until the water boils, and then simmering over low heat for 20 to 30 minutes, adding 7% of methyl eugenol and 13% of tannic acid when the temperature drops to 40°C, and finally adding 5% of dispersible latex powder.

4. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema pest according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the whitening agent is as follows: white latex: water: acaricide composite nanoparticles: modified polyacrylamide in a volume ratio of 50:48:1.8:0.2 are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain the whitening agent, wherein the acaricide composite nanoparticles are composed of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles and tannic acid cross-linked complex condensed nanoparticles.

5. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of methyl eugenol is as follows: in August, when Asarum sibiricum is growing vigorously, the aerial parts of Asarum sibiricum are cut, fixed at 80°C for 15 minutes, dried at 40°C for 24 hours, crushed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve, soaked in water with a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:12 for 24 hours, steam distilled for 3 times, and distilled components are collected; the distilled components are combined, 1 / 3 volume of petroleum ether is added for extraction for 3 times, and the ether is removed by rotary evaporation to obtain methyl eugenol; The preparation method of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles is as follows: according to the core-wall ratio of 1:2, methyl eugenol ethanol solution (3%, w / v) is added dropwise to the sodium caseinate solution, magnetically stirred for 30 minutes, and then gum arabic solution (sodium caseinate / gum arabic, 1:2, w / w) is added dropwise to maintain the total polymer concentration at 3 mg / mL; after stirring for 30 minutes, the pH of the mixture solution is adjusted to 4.2 using gluconolactone solution (10%, w / v), and magnetically stirred for 1 hour to promote the formation of methyl eugenol-complex condensed nanoparticles.

6. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pest according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of tannic acid is as follows: purchasing high-quality gallnuts, breaking the shells, removing the dead insects, grinding the shells into powder, passing through a 60-mesh sieve, dissolving the powder in a 50% ethanol solution, adding 4 mol / L hydrochloric acid with a volume fraction of 28-33%, maintaining a liquid-solid ratio of 32:1 (mL:g), using an ultrasonic cleaning machine set at a temperature of 60°C for leaching for 10 minutes, filtering, and concentrating by rotary evaporation to obtain tannic acid; The preparation method of tannic acid cross-linked composite condensed nanoparticles is as follows: weigh tannic acid to prepare a tannic acid solution with a mass concentration of 10%, add the prepared tannic acid solution to the nanoparticle sample solution after removing ethanol, and obtain a sample solution containing a tannic acid concentration of 0.10%, readjust the pH of the system to 4.2, and complete the cross-linking reaction by magnetic stirring at room temperature for 3 hours to obtain tannic acid cross-linked composite condensed nanoparticles.

7. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pest according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 is specifically as follows: S41, small narrow beds with a width of 50cm and a height of 15cm, with a distance of 50cm between beds. Polygonatum cyrtonema is planted in two rows in the shape of a finished product in the middle of the bed. The row spacing in the bed is 25cm, presenting an overall wide and narrow row pattern, forming a spatial isolation of wide rows between beds, blocking the spread of the two types of spider mites by spinning silk webs. S42. Apply humic acid, iron, manganese and potassium elements to control the tendency of the tips of Polygonatum cyrtonema to spread under shade conditions due to excessive growth of Polygonatum cyrtonema; S43, Topping to control growth: When the tree is higher than 100cm, cut off the top of the tree from 9th to 11th nodes to reduce the hooking of the tips of the whorled leaves in the creeping part; S44. Prune the upper trees, remove overcrowded branches and inner branches, and combine with light-through felling to control the forest stand density below 0.75, reduce excessive growth, and create an environment that is not conducive to the aggregation and web-building of spider mites.

8. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pest according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the emamectin benzoate·wolfschame insecticidal suspension is as follows: 800g of styrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and 2400g of phenylethylphenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether are mixed, dissolved in ethyl acetate, added with Stellera chamaejasme extract, added with 13g of emamectin benzoate original drug with a content of 80%, dispersed and sheared for 20min at a speed of 2000r / min using a high-speed shearing machine, and then the mixed material is transferred into a sand mill, zirconium oxide beads are added at a volume ratio of 1:1, sand milled at a speed of 1000r / min for 3h, water is added to 40kg, and filtered to obtain the emamectin benzoate·wolfschame insecticidal suspension.

9. The integrated control method for the understory Polygonatum cyrtonema spider mite pest according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Daphne chamaejasme extract is as follows: place the roots of Daphne chamaejasme in a ventilated and shady place to air-dry, then crush them with an electric grinder, pass them through a 60-mesh sieve, accurately weigh 900g of root powder, wrap them with filter paper, and place them in a Soxhlet extractor, use 3.6 times the volume of petroleum ether, extract continuously at 80°C for 10 hours, and then concentrate the obtained solution to an extract to obtain the Daphne chamaejasme extract.

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